Dvesha
Dvesha (Sanskrit: द्वेष, IAST: dveṣa; Pali: 𑀤𑁄𑀲, romanized: dosa; Tibetan: zhe sdang) is a Buddhist and Hindu term that is translated as "hate, aversion".[1][2][3] In Hinduism, it is one of the Five Poisons or kleshas.
| Translations of Dvesha | |
|---|---|
| English | hatred, aversion, anger, hostility, ill will |
| Sanskrit | dveṣa (Dev: द्वेष) |
| Pali | dosa (𑀤𑁄𑀲) |
| Burmese | ဒေါသ |
| Chinese | 瞋(T) / 瞋(S) |
| Khmer | ទោសៈ, ទោស (UNGEGN: Toŭsăk, Toŭh) |
| Korean | 진 (RR: jin) |
| Tibetan | ཞེ་སྡང (Wylie: zhe sdang; THL: shyédang) |
| Thai | โทสะ |
| Vietnamese | Sân 瞋 |
| Glossary of Buddhism | |
In Buddhism, Dvesha (hate, aversion) is the opposite of raga (lust, desire). Along with Raga and Moha, Dvesha is one of the three character afflictions that, in part, cause Dukkha.[4][5] It is also one of the "threefold fires" in Buddhist Pali canon that must be quenched.[6][7][8] Dvesha is symbolically present as the snake in the center of Tibetan bhavachakra drawings. Dvesha (Pali: dosa) is identified in the following contexts within the Buddhist teachings:
- One of the three poisons (Trivisah) within the Mahayana Buddhist tradition.[3]
- One of the three unwholesome roots within the Theravada Buddhist tradition
- One of the fourteen unwholesome mental factors within the Theravada Abhidharma teachings
Walpola Rahula renders it as "hatred",[9] as does Chogyam Trungpa.[10]
See also edit
References edit
- ^ Rhys Davids, Thomas William; William Stede (1921). Pali-English Dictionary. Motilal Banarsidass Publishing House. pp. 323, 438. ISBN 978-81-208-1144-7.;
Ranjung Yeshe wiki entry for zhe sdang - ^ Buswell, Robert E. Jr.; Lopez, Donald S. Jr. (2013). The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism. Princeton University Press. p. 29. ISBN 978-1-4008-4805-8.;
Eric Cheetham (1994). Fundamentals of Mainstream Buddhism. Tuttle. p. 314. ISBN 978-0-8048-3008-9. - ^ a b Nāgārjuna (1996). Mūlamadhyamakakārikā of Nāgārjuna. Translated by Kalupahana, David J. Motilal Banarsidass Publishing House. p. 72. ISBN 978-81-208-0774-7.; Quote: The attainment of freedom from the three poisons of lust (raga), hatred (dvesa) and confusion (moha) by a person who is understood as being in the process of becoming conditioned by various factors (not merely by the three poisons)....
- ^ Peter Harvey (2015). Steven M. Emmanuel (ed.). A Companion to Buddhist Philosophy. John Wiley. p. 39. ISBN 978-1-119-14466-3.
- ^ Paul Williams (2005). Buddhism: Buddhist origins and the early history of Buddhism in South and Southeast Asia. Routledge. p. 123. ISBN 978-0-415-33227-9.
- ^ Frank Hoffman; Deegalle, Mahinda (2013). Pali Buddhism. Routledge. pp. 106–107. ISBN 978-1-136-78553-5.
- ^ David Webster (2005). The Philosophy of Desire in the Buddhist Pali Canon. Routledge. p. 2–3. ISBN 978-0-415-34652-8.
- ^ Payne, Richard K.; Witzel, Michael (2015). Homa Variations: The Study of Ritual Change across the Longue Duree. Oxford University Press. pp. 88–89. ISBN 978-0-19-935159-6.
- ^ Asaṅga; Walpola Rahula; Sara Boin-Webb (2001). Abhidharmasamuccaya: The Compendium of the Higher Teaching. Jain Publishing. p. 270. ISBN 978-0-89581-941-3.
- ^ Trungpa, Chogyam (2010). The Collected Works of Chogyam Trungpa: Volume Six: Glimpses of Space; Orderly Chaos; Secret Beyond Thought; The Tibetan Book of the Dead: Commentary; Transcending Madness; Selected Writings. Shambhala Publications. pp. 553–554. ISBN 978-0-8348-2155-2.
Sources edit
- Bhikkhu Bodhi (2003), A Comprehensive Manual of Abhidhamma, Pariyatti Publishing
- Goleman, Daniel (2008). Destructive Emotions: A Scientific Dialogue with the Dalai Lama. Bantam. Kindle Edition.
- Geshe Tashi Tsering (2006). Buddhist Psychology: The Foundation of Buddhist Thought. Perseus Books Group. Kindle Edition.