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Raga (Sanskrit term)

May 08, 2023

Raga (Sanskrit: राग, IAST: rāga; Pali rāga; Tibetan: 'dod chags) is a Buddhist and Hindu concept of character affliction or poison referring to any form of "greed, sensuality, lust, desire" or "attachment to a sensory object".[1][2][3] Raga is represented in the Buddhist artwork (Sanskrit: bhāvacakra) as the bird or rooster. In Hinduism, it is one of the five Kleshas or poisons that afflict the soul. In Buddhism, Raga is identified in the following contexts:[4]

Translations of
raga
Englishgreed, sensuality, desire, attachment or excitement for sensory objects, lust, sexual desire, passion
Sanskritराग (rāga)
Paliරාග (rāga)
Burmeseလောဘ (ရာဂ)
Chinese貪 (T) / 贪 (S)
Japanese貪
(Rōmaji: ton)
Khmerរាគៈ, រាគ, លោភៈ, លោភ
(UNGEGN: Réakeăk, Réak, Loŭpheăk, Loŭp)
Korean탐
(RR: tam)
Tibetanའདོད་ཆགས་
(Wylie: ‘dod chags;
THL: döchak)
Thaiราคะ
(RTGS: rakha)
VietnameseTham
貪
Glossary of Buddhism

Definitions

Rāga literally means 'color or hue' in Sanskrit, but appears in Buddhist texts as a form of blemish, personal impurity or fundamental character affliction.[5][6] The term Raga also refers to a melodic mode in Indian music. As a Buddhist philosophical concept, the term refers to 'greed, sensuality, desire' or 'attachment to a sensory object'.[1] It includes any form of desire including sexual desire and sensual passion, as well as attachments to, excitement over and pleasure derived from objects of the senses.[5] Some scholars render it as 'craving'.[7]

Raga is one of three poisons and afflictions, also called the "threefold fires" in Buddhist Pali canon,[8] that prevents a being from reaching nirvana.[9][10] To extinguish all raga (greed, lust, desire, attachment) is one of the requirements of nirvana (liberation) in Buddhism.[8]

The Abhidharma-samuccaya states:

What is craving (raga)? It is attachment to the three realms of existence. Its function consists of engendering suffering.[7]

Raga is said to arise from the identification of the self as being separate from everything else.[11] This mis-perception or misunderstanding is referred to as avidya (ignorance).

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Robert E. Buswell Jr.; Donald S. Lopez Jr. (2013). The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism. Princeton University Press. pp. 59, 68, 589. ISBN 978-1-4008-4805-8.
  2. ^ Thomas William Rhys Davids; William Stede (1921). Pali-English Dictionary. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 567. ISBN 978-81-208-1144-7.
  3. ^ Damien Keown (2004). A Dictionary of Buddhism. Oxford University Press. pp. 8, 47, 143. ISBN 978-0-19-157917-2.
  4. ^ Guenther (1975), Kindle Locations 715-718.
  5. ^ a b David Webster (2005). The Philosophy of Desire in the Buddhist Pali Canon. Routledge. pp. 100–101. ISBN 978-0-415-34652-8.
  6. ^ Thomas William Rhys Davids; William Stede (1921). Pali-English Dictionary. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 214, 567. ISBN 978-81-208-1144-7.
  7. ^ a b Asaṅga; Walpola Rahula; Sara Boin-Webb (2001). Abhidharmasamuccaya: The Compendium of the Higher Teaching. Jain Publishing. p. 11. ISBN 978-0-89581-941-3.
  8. ^ a b Frank Hoffman; Deegalle Mahinda (2013). Pali Buddhism. Routledge. pp. 106–107. ISBN 978-1-136-78553-5.
  9. ^ David Webster (2005). The Philosophy of Desire in the Buddhist Pali Canon. Routledge. pp. 2–3. ISBN 978-0-415-34652-8.
  10. ^ Thomas William Rhys Davids; William Stede (1921). Pali-English Dictionary. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 362. ISBN 978-81-208-1144-7.
  11. ^ Ringu Tulku (2005), p. 29

Sources

  • Ajahn Sucitto (2010). Turning the Wheel of Truth: Commentary on the Buddha's First Teaching. Shambhala.
  • Goleman, Daniel (2008). Destructive Emotions: A Scientific Dialogue with the Dalai Lama. Bantam. Kindle Edition.
  • Guenther, Herbert V. & Leslie S. Kawamura (1975), Mind in Buddhist Psychology: A Translation of Ye-shes rgyal-mtshan's "The Necklace of Clear Understanding" Dharma Publishing. Kindle Edition.
  • Kunsang, Erik Pema (translator) (2004). Gateway to Knowledge, Vol. 1. North Atlantic Books.
  • Leifer, Ron (1997). The Happiness Project. Snow Lion.
  • Ringu Tulku (2005). Daring Steps Toward Fearlessness: The Three Vehicles of Tibetan Buddhism, Snow Lion.

External links

  • Ranjung Yeshe wiki entry for 'dod chags

May 08, 2023
raga, sanskrit, term, raga, sanskrit, iast, rāga, pali, rāga, tibetan, chags, buddhist, hindu, concept, character, affliction, poison, referring, form, greed, sensuality, lust, desire, attachment, sensory, object, raga, represented, buddhist, artwork, sanskrit. Raga Sanskrit र ग IAST raga Pali raga Tibetan dod chags is a Buddhist and Hindu concept of character affliction or poison referring to any form of greed sensuality lust desire or attachment to a sensory object 1 2 3 Raga is represented in the Buddhist artwork Sanskrit bhavacakra as the bird or rooster In Hinduism it is one of the five Kleshas or poisons that afflict the soul In Buddhism Raga is identified in the following contexts 4 One of the three poisons within the Mahayana Buddhist tradition One of the three unwholesome roots within the Theravada Buddhist tradition One of the six root kleshas within the Mahayana Abhidharma teachings One of the fourteen unwholesome mental factors within the Theravada Abhidharma teachingsTranslations ofragaEnglishgreed sensuality desire attachment or excitement for sensory objects lust sexual desire passionSanskritर ग raga Paliර ග raga Burmeseလ ဘ ရ ဂ Chinese貪 T 贪 S Japanese貪 Rōmaji ton Khmerរ គ រ គ ល ភ ល ភ UNGEGN Reakeăk Reak Loŭpheăk Loŭp Korean탐 RR tam Tibetanའད ད ཆགས Wylie dod chags THL dochak Thairakha RTGS rakha VietnameseTham貪Glossary of Buddhism Contents 1 Definitions 2 See also 3 References 4 Sources 5 External linksDefinitions EditRaga literally means color or hue in Sanskrit but appears in Buddhist texts as a form of blemish personal impurity or fundamental character affliction 5 6 The term Raga also refers to a melodic mode in Indian music As a Buddhist philosophical concept the term refers to greed sensuality desire or attachment to a sensory object 1 It includes any form of desire including sexual desire and sensual passion as well as attachments to excitement over and pleasure derived from objects of the senses 5 Some scholars render it as craving 7 Raga is one of three poisons and afflictions also called the threefold fires in Buddhist Pali canon 8 that prevents a being from reaching nirvana 9 10 To extinguish all raga greed lust desire attachment is one of the requirements of nirvana liberation in Buddhism 8 The Abhidharma samuccaya states What is craving raga It is attachment to the three realms of existence Its function consists of engendering suffering 7 Raga is said to arise from the identification of the self as being separate from everything else 11 This mis perception or misunderstanding is referred to as avidya ignorance See also EditKarma in Buddhism Saṅkhara Taṇha Three poisonsReferences Edit a b Robert E Buswell Jr Donald S Lopez Jr 2013 The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism Princeton University Press pp 59 68 589 ISBN 978 1 4008 4805 8 Thomas William Rhys Davids William Stede 1921 Pali English Dictionary Motilal Banarsidass p 567 ISBN 978 81 208 1144 7 Damien Keown 2004 A Dictionary of Buddhism Oxford University Press pp 8 47 143 ISBN 978 0 19 157917 2 Guenther 1975 Kindle Locations 715 718 a b David Webster 2005 The Philosophy of Desire in the Buddhist Pali Canon Routledge pp 100 101 ISBN 978 0 415 34652 8 Thomas William Rhys Davids William Stede 1921 Pali English Dictionary Motilal Banarsidass pp 214 567 ISBN 978 81 208 1144 7 a b Asaṅga Walpola Rahula Sara Boin Webb 2001 Abhidharmasamuccaya The Compendium of the Higher Teaching Jain Publishing p 11 ISBN 978 0 89581 941 3 a b Frank Hoffman Deegalle Mahinda 2013 Pali Buddhism Routledge pp 106 107 ISBN 978 1 136 78553 5 David Webster 2005 The Philosophy of Desire in the Buddhist Pali Canon Routledge pp 2 3 ISBN 978 0 415 34652 8 Thomas William Rhys Davids William Stede 1921 Pali English Dictionary Motilal Banarsidass p 362 ISBN 978 81 208 1144 7 Ringu Tulku 2005 p 29Sources EditAjahn Sucitto 2010 Turning the Wheel of Truth Commentary on the Buddha s First Teaching Shambhala Goleman Daniel 2008 Destructive Emotions A Scientific Dialogue with the Dalai Lama Bantam Kindle Edition Guenther Herbert V amp Leslie S Kawamura 1975 Mind in Buddhist Psychology A Translation of Ye shes rgyal mtshan s The Necklace of Clear Understanding Dharma Publishing Kindle Edition Kunsang Erik Pema translator 2004 Gateway to Knowledge Vol 1 North Atlantic Books Leifer Ron 1997 The Happiness Project Snow Lion Ringu Tulku 2005 Daring Steps Toward Fearlessness The Three Vehicles of Tibetan Buddhism Snow Lion External links EditRanjung Yeshe wiki entry for dod chags Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Raga Sanskrit term amp oldid 1146868980, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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