DDB Worldwide

DDB Worldwide Communications Group LLC, known internationally as DDB, is a worldwide marketing communications network. It is owned by Omnicom Group, one of the world's largest advertising holding companies.^[1] The international advertising networks Doyle Dane Bernbach and Needham Harper merged their worldwide agency operations to become DDB Needham in 1986. At that same time the owners of Doyle Dane Bernbach, Needham Harper and BBDO merged their shareholdings to form the US listed holding company Omnicom. In 1996, DDB Needham became known as DDB Worldwide.

DDB Worldwide Communications Group LLC

Industry	Advertising, public relations
Founded	1925; 98 years ago (1925) (Needham Harper & Steers) 1949; 74 years ago (1949) (Doyle Dane Bernbach) 1986; 37 years ago (1986) (merged to create Omnicom)
Headquarters	New York City, United States
Area served	Global
Parent	Omnicom Group
Website	ddb.com

History

Doyle Dane Bernbach

Bill Bernbach and Ned Doyle worked together at Grey Advertising in New York, where Bernbach was Creative Director. In 1949, they teamed up with Mac Dane, who was running a tiny agency. Together they started Doyle Dane Bernbach in Manhattan. Dane ran the administrative and promotional aspects of the business; Doyle had a client focus and Bernbach played an integral role in the writing of advertising, leading the creative output of the agency.

The agency's first ads were for Ohrbach's department store exemplifying a new "soft-sell" approach to advertising - with catchy slogans and witty humour contrasting the repetitive and hard-sell style in vogue until then. The new agency was initially successful in winning business for clients with small budgets. Their campaigns for Volkswagen throughout the 1950s and 1960s were said to have revolutionized advertising. Notable campaigns included the 1959 Think Small series of Volkswagen advertisements, which was voted the No. 1 campaign of all time in Advertising Age's 1999 The Century of Advertising.^[2] In 1959, the firm created the character Juan Valdez for the National Federation of Coffee Growers of Colombia.^[3] In 1960, the agency won the account of Avis, then the number-two auto rental company. The tongue-in-cheek approach, "We Try Harder Because We're Number 2," was a major success (and remains part of the company's slogan today: "We Try Harder"). The DDB "Daisy" campaign is considered to have been a significant factor in Lyndon B. Johnson's defeat of Barry Goldwater in the 1964 United States presidential election^[4] and landed Mac Dane on the infamous Nixon's Enemies List. 1972's Little Mikey commercial for Quaker Oats ran continuously in the United States for twelve years.

A branch office was opened in Los Angeles in 1954. In 1961, DDB opened its first international office in West Germany to service Volkswagen. Significant growth came in the mid-1960s after the firm signed Mobil and the available budgets grew materially. Offices in London and other European locations were opened. Bernbach was appointed chairman and chief executive officer in 1968 when the agency was publicly listed; he became chairman of the executive committee in 1976.

The impact of Doyle Dane Bernbach's creativity on advertising around the world, and the history of management crises that led to merger^[5] in 1986, are detailed in the book Nobody's Perfect: Bill Bernbach and the Golden Age of Advertising.^[6] Written by journalist Doris Willens, who was DDB's Director of Public Relations for 18 years, the book is based on oral histories and interviews with the three founders, the line of the agency's presidents, and key creative and account people. By 1986, four years after Bernbach's death, the agency group had worldwide billings of US$1.67B, 54 offices in 19 countries, and 3,400 employees, but showed profits declining 30% on the prior year.

Needham Harper & Steers

Needham Harper Worldwide started in Chicago in 1925 as Maurice H. Needham Co. with two clients and billings totalling $270,000. By 1934, it was named Needham, Louis and Brorby, Inc., with billings of US$1 million, had signed the Kraft Foods account and had opened a Hollywood office to service its clients' network radio program production needs.

In 1951, the agency opened a New York office to concentrate on the rapidly expanding television industry. That office merged with Doherty, Clifford, Steers and Shenfield in 1965 and changed its name to Needham, Harper & Steers. The Chicago office grew with accounts such as the Morton Company, Household Finance Corporation, General Mills and Frigidaire. The firm won the Oklahoma gasoline account (later Esso, then ExxonMobil) after research indicated that American drivers wanted both power and play, and copywriter Sandy Sulcer,^[7][8] working with psychologist Ernest Dichter, chose the tiger to symbolize that desire, which led to the campaign Put a Tiger in Your Tank. In 1966, the agency opened a Los Angeles office to handle the Continental Airlines business.^[9] An office was opened in Washington D.C. in 1971 initially to service some local McDonald's business. Soon, this agency was winning government and media business and an "Issues and Images" division was opened to service corporate public relations. This business would eventually become Biederman & Company. The agency worked on public service campaigns called Buckle Up for Safety^[8] as well as a traffic safety campaign entitled Watch Out For The Other Guy^[10] for the Advertising Council.^[11]

Keith L. Reinhard came from Chicago to head the worldwide firm in 1982 and, by 1986, there were thirty two offices outside the US; American offices in New York, Chicago, Los Angeles, Washington, Boston, Phoenix, Sacramento, San Diego, Baltimore and Dayton; and diversification in Porter Novelli, Biederman & Company and the international direct-response agency DR Group, Inc.

DDB Needham merger and the formation of Omnicom

Concerned by the swathe of hostile public company takeovers in the US the 1980s Reinhard started discussions with BBDO president Allen Rosenshine about a merger and included the then fragile Doyle Dane Bernbach business in the discussions. In 1986, the three networks agreed to merge into the Omnicom Group which would act as a holding company, becoming at that time the world's largest global advertising agency group. BBDO remained separate and retained its network. Needham Harper had a good presence in the Midwestern United States and was complemented by Doyle Dane Bernbach's strength in New York and Europe. Reinhard became chairman and CEO of the merged DDB Needham Worldwide. The merged group suffered some initial account losses due to conflicts (DDB's Volkswagen was retained and Needham's Honda account lost while DDB's RJR Nabisco was lost in favour of Needham's General Mills) and some senior staff losses as Reinhard set about combining the two disparate cultures, but, by 1988, the firm was having success in winning significant new business and has continued to grow since then.

In 1998 (having by then dropped the Needham from its name), DDB Worldwide was named Advertising Age's first-ever "Global Network of the Year". In 2003, it earned that same accolade from both Advertising Age and Adweek. Under the leadership of Ken Kaess, Bob Scarpelli, and Lee Garfinkel, it won the honor again from Adweek in 2004. Subsequently, its operating unit Tribal DDB became the first digital agency to be named Global Network of the Year by Advertising Age. In 2011 DDB Worldwide had more than 200 offices in 95 countries.

Long standing client relationships

Since Doyle Dane Bernbach commenced a US relationship with Volkswagen in 1959, it's been a consistent and significant client in various parts of the world.^[12] Needham Harper started working with McDonald's in the 1960s and that client has worked with DDB in several countries unceasingly since then. A global relationship with ExxonMobil has been consistent since the 1960s. As of 2020, longstanding broad worldwide relationships continue to be held with Unilever and Johnson & Johnson.

Leadership since 1986

Presidents or Global CEOs since the formation of DDB Needham in 1986:

• Keith L. Reinhard 1986–1999 (then Chairman 1999–2018; Chairman Emeritus since 2018)
• Ken Kaess 1999–2006 (President 1999–2001; Global CEO 2001–2006)
• Chuck Brymer 2006–2018 (then Chairman 2018-2023)
• Wendy Clark 2018–2020
• Martin O'Halloran 2020-2023 (then Chairman since 2023)
• Alex Lubar since 2023

Local office histories

London

At Omnicom's 1986 foundation, the merging Needham and Doyle Dane Bernbach operation each had London offices with the latter having been established in 1963.^[13] Reinhard made six trips to London, fired most of the Needham managers, and put DDB managers in charge.^[14] By 1989, the operation was struggling and Omnicom acquired Boase Massimi Pollitt to consume the DDB operation and renamed it as BMP DDB. It operated under that name until January 2004 when it was changed to DDB London, in line with the network's decision to rebrand all agencies it had acquired. The agency struggled during 2006 with management problems and a string of account defections. Stability was restored in 2007, the agency seemed unable to restore its lost billings. It continued to tumble down the UK agency rankings, ending up outside the Top 20 for 2010. In 2012, Adam & Eve DDB was created from the merger of DDB London with the fast-expanding independent Adam & Eve.^[15]

Australia

In Australia in 2020, DDB operates from Sydney and Melbourne. Both offices trace their history to the post-war foundation of United Services Publicity in Melbourne in 1945 by ex-servicemen rebuilding their careers. Founder John F. Barnes and other staff had worked antebellum at Samson Clark Price-Berry which closed down during WWII.^[16] United Services Publicity grew and in 1961 established international links when the British SH Benson group bought 25%. It was renamed USP Benson and opened in Sydney. Needham, Harper & Steers bought into USP Benson in 1967 and by 1971 had effected a name change to USP Needham.^[17] The 1986 creation of the Omnicom holding company saw the Australian merger of the Needham and Doyle Dane Bernbach operations and becoming known as DDB Needham in 1986, DDB Worldwide from 1998 then in 2019 back to Doyle Dane Bernbach.

Australian agencies acquired at some point by USP Needham or DDB and which trace a lineage to DDB Australia today include the Sydney agencies SPASM; Bartlett, Murphy and McKenzie; Harriman and Hill; Beeby Advertising; Magnus, Nankervis & Curl; and the Melbourne agencies Berry Currie; Hyde Everett Fuller Kutt; Leonardi & Curtis; Walker Herbert & Associates; Nowland, Robinson & Perret; Kuczynski & Zeigler; Whybin Dery Barnes.^[17]

Stockholm

DDB Stockholm is one of the largest agencies in Sweden with clients as Swedish Armed Forces, McDonald's, Telia, Volkswagen and Vattenfall.^{[citation needed]}

Canada

DDB Canada opened in Vancouver in 1998 where Frank Palmer became its CEO after merging his own company Palmer Jarvis into DDB Worldwide. He left the company in 2019.^[18]

Philippines

In 1958, the forerunner of DDB Group Philippines, the Advertising Marketing Associates (AMA) was formed by Antonio de Joya. The AMA became one of the leading advertising agencies of the Philippines before it became DDB Group Philippines in 1993. Today, DDB Group Philippines is operating in five different cities with at least 300 employees.^[19]

In July 2023, DDB Philippines publicly apologized to the Department of Tourism (DOT) for using non-original stock footage of travel destinations in other countries for the campaign's promotional video.^[20] The DOT hired DDB Philippines for its latest tourism branding campaign. However, after the public apology, the DOT is now in the process of terminating the contract with DDB Philippines.^[21]

Rafting Incident, 1987

DDB executives were among the fatalities in a whitewater rafting accident on 1 August 1987.^[22] A group of 12, including 11 top-level executives from major firms, were rafting along the Chilko River in British Columbia, Canada, in a stretch of water known as the "Whitewater Mile." The raft struck a large rock and pitched 11 of the occupants into the rapids. Five people were killed. Among the dead:

• Richard T. O'Reilly - Director of Media/Advertising for Partnership for a Drug-Free America and an integral part of US President Ronald Reagan's 1980 presidential campaign advertising strategy.
• Robert V. Goldstein - Vice President for Advertising, Procter & Gamble
• James Fasules - Former Senior Vice President, DDB Needham
• Stuart Sharpe - Senior Vice President, DDB Needham
• Gene Yovetich - Senior Vice President, DDB Needham^[23]

The family of Robert Goldstein filed a lawsuit against DDB afterwards. DDB's US President Al Wolfe had planned the whitewater rafting excursion.^[24] At issue in the lawsuit was the lack of specificity in the trip waiver as to assumed risks in whitewater rafting. The waiver presented to the participants of the trip did not specify that whitewater rafting would be involved.^[25]

The HBO movie White Mile (1994) was based on the rafting accident and portrays not only a similar trip and accident but subsequent litigation with a nearly identical award outcome.^[26] The film stars Alan Alda, Peter Gallagher, and Robert Loggia.^[27]

References

1. "Advertising Age's Agency Family Trees 2008" (PDF). Adage.com. Retrieved 2015-11-30.
2. Bob Garfield (March 29, 1999). "Ad Age Advertising Century: The Top 100 Campaigns". Advertising Age.
3. "DDB welcomes back iconic Juan Valdez after 30-year absence".
4. "Daisy: The Complete History Of An Infamous And Iconic Ad - Part Three". Conelrad. Retrieved 2015-11-30.
5. New York Times, April 28, 1986.
6. D. Willens, Nobody's Perfect: Bill Bernbach and the Golden Age of Advertising, CreateSpace, New York, 2009.
7. Kaplan, David (January 23, 2004). . AdWeek. Archived from the original on September 14, 2015. Retrieved 2011-10-03.
8. Kaplan, David (January 2004). "Sulcer, 77, Former DDB Needham Exec, Dies". all Business. Retrieved 2011-10-03.
9. "History of DDB Needham Worldwide". Fundinguniverse.com. Retrieved 2015-11-30.
10. "Twelve Big Ideas - The Advertising Council's Traffic Safety Campaign: "Watch Out For The Other Guy"". WARC. 1966. Retrieved 2011-10-03. ... In his speech at the American Association of Advertising Agencies (4A's) 1966 Central Region Annual Meeting, Frederick D. Sulcer from Needham, Harper & Steers shows how his agency developed the "Watch Out For The Other Guy" concept for the Traffic Safety Council.
11. Smith, James (October 12, 1966). "Agency Men Will Meet Tomorrow". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 2011-10-03. Campaigns that broke the mold of advertising w ... The Advertising Council's Traffic Safety Campaign Frederick D Sulcer Needham Harper & Steers
12. Chevalier, Michel (2012). Luxury Brand Management. Singapore: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-118-17176-9.
13. [1] February 5, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
14. "History of DDB Needham Worldwide". Fundinguniverse.com. Retrieved 2015-11-30.
15. "Adam & Eve DDB advertising profile". Adbrands.net. Retrieved 2015-11-30.
16. Law Notices The Argus 24 May 1943 page 11
17. "50 years in the making" DDB Needham Melb publication 1995
18. GmbH, finanzen net. "Frank Palmer Moves on from his Indelible DDB Legacy". markets.businessinsider.com. Retrieved 2022-02-02.
19. "About Us". DDB Group Philippines. Retrieved 2023-07-03.
20. Corrales, Dona Z. Pazzibugan, Marlon Ramos, Nestor (2023-07-03). "Ad firm admits 'foreign stock footage' used in PH promo". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved 2023-07-03.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
21. "DOT to terminate contract with ad agency after video blunder". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved July 3, 2023.
22. "Rafting Accident Kills Five U.S. Advertising Executives". APNews.com. Associated Press. 3 August 1987.
23. "Five American Executives Die in Rafting Accident". APNews.com. Associated Press. 3 August 1987.
24. Goldstein v. D.D.B. Needham Worldwide, 740 F. Supp. 461 (S.D. Ohio 1990).
25. Kozlowski, J.C. (March 1998). "Whitewater Rafting Waivers Illustrate an Expressed Assumption of Risk". NRPA Law Review. Retrieved September 10, 2021.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
26. Millman, N. (13 February 1994). "A Morality Play on Business Responsibility". Chicago Tribune.
27. "White Mile (TV Movie 1994)". IMDb.com.

External links

• Official site of DDB
• of Tribal DDB, an interactive agency of DDB Worldwide
• Latest news, account wins/losses and creative at Adbrands profile
• DDB's creative work and company info
• DDB Needham company history