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Doğubayazıt

June 17, 2023

For other uses, see Beyazid (disambiguation).

Doğubayazıt (Kurdish: Bazîd,[2] Armenian: Արշակաւան, romanized: Arshakavan)[3] is a town of Ağrı Province of Turkey, near the border with Iran. Its elevation is 1625 m. It is the seat of Doğubayazıt District.[4] Its population is 80,061 (2021).[1] Also known as Kurdava,[5][6] the town was the capital of the self-declared Republic of Ararat, an independent Kurdish state centered in the Ağrı Province.[7][8][9]

Doğubayazıt
Municipality
Doğubayazıt from Ishak Pasha Palace
Doğubayazıt
Location in Turkey
Coordinates: 39°32′50″N 44°05′00″E / 39.54722°N 44.08333°E / 39.54722; 44.08333
CountryTurkey
ProvinceAğrı
DistrictDoğubayazıt
Government
 • MayorYıldız Acar (HDP)
Population
 (2021)[1]
80,061
Time zoneTRT (UTC+3)
Websitewww.dogubayazit.bel.tr
Ishak Pasha Palace near Doğubayazıt

History

For the history of the wider area, see Ağrı Province.
 
Defence of Doğubayazıt during the Russo-Turkish War (1877–78) by Lev Lagorio

For most of the periods described here, Doğubayazıt was a bigger and more important settlement than the present-day provincial capital Ağrı, not least because this is the Iranian border crossing.

The area has had a rich history with monuments dating back to the time of the Kingdom of Urartu (over 2700 years ago). Before the Ottoman Empire the site was referred to by its Armenian name Daruynk.[3] In the 4th century the Sasanians failed to capture the Armenian stronghold and royal treasury at Daroynk. Princes of the Bagratid dynasty of Armenia resided at Daroynk and rebuilt the fortress into its present configuration with multiple baileys and towers carefully integrated into the ascending rock outcrop. When King Gagik Arcruni reoccupied the fortress ca.922 A.D. it became the seat of a bishop.[10] It was subsequently conquered and reconquered by Persians, Armenians, Byzantines, and Seljuks all of whom would have used the plain to rest and recoup during their passages across the mountains.[3] Turkish peoples arrived in 1064, but were soon followed by the Mongols and further waves of Turks. The castle of Daroynk was repaired many times throughout this history, although it is now named after the Turkish warlord Celayırlı Şehzade Bayazıt Han who ordered one of the rebuildings (in 1374). Ultimately, the town was renamed Beyazit itself in the 16th century.

From the time of the Safavids, the area was ruled by Turkic-speaking generals, later including the Ottoman general İshakpaşa, who built the palace that still bears his name.

The town saw fighting in the Ottoman–Persian War (1821–23) when in 1821 commander-in-chief Abbas Mirza of Qajar Iran occupied the town,[11] as well as when it was attacked by Russia later in 1856, and taken by the Russians during the Russo-Turkish War (1877–78). When the Russians retreated many of the Armenian population left with them to build New Beyazit (now Gavar at Armenia) on the shore of lake Sevan.

 
Mosque and ruined quarter.

Doğubayazıt was further ravaged during World War I and the Turkish War of Independence[citation needed]

Starting in 1920, the area began producing sulphur.[12]

The widely dispersed village of Bayazit, was originally an Armenian settlement and populated by Kurds in 1930 and Yazidis from the Serhat region. But in 1930 the Turkish army destroyed it in response to the Ararat Rebellion. A new town was built in the plain below the old site in the 1930s[13] (hence the new name "Doğubayazıt", which literally means "East Beyazıt").

Doğubayazıt was the capital of the Kurdish Republic of Ararat led by Ibrahim Haski and Ihsan Nuri of the Xoybûn organization between 1927 and 1930.[14] The town was thus dubbed the provisional capital of Kurdistan and was subsequently presented to the League of Nations and the Great Powers as the center of an independent Kurdish state.[15][16][17]

In January 2006, Doğubayazıt was the centre of a H5N1 bird flu outbreak.[18] Several children died from the disease after playing with chicken carcasses.

Politics

In the local elections in March 2019, Yıldız Acar was elected Mayor of the Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP).[19]

Sports

The Doğubayazıtspor football club plays in the lower divisions of the Turkish football league.[20] It played in the Turkish Third League for three seasons.

Geography

 
View of Doğubayazıt and Mount Ararat

The town of Doğubayazıt is a settlement with a long history. It lies 15 km southwest of Mount Ararat, 93 km east of the city of Ağrı and 35 km from the Iranian border. The town stands on a plain surrounded by some of Turkey's highest peaks including: Ararat (5,137m), Little Ararat (3,896m), Tendürek Dağı (3,533m), Kaletepe (3,196m) Arıdağı (2,934m) and Göllertepe (2,643m). Kizil Mountain at 2,730m is two kilometers east of the town.[21] The climate on the plain is hot and dry in summer, cold and dry in winter.

Places of interest

  • Mount Ararat - 15 km from Doğubayazıt, and the best views of the mountain are from here.
  • Ishak Pasha Palace, completed in 1784 on a hill to the south of town.
  • The castle and mosque of Old Beyazit, first built by the Urartu but which bear traces of many civilisations.
  • The "Durupınar site" is up in the hills east of town and south of the main highway.
  • Balık Gölü - a lake in a lava bed, 60 km from Doğubayazıt, near Taşlıçay.
  • The Ice Cave - on the side of Little Ararat near the village of Hallaç.
  • The ruins of the 900BC Urartu temple and palace on the hill of Giriktepe.
  • A stone formation believed to be Noah's ark.
  • The ancient Armenian cemetery.[3]

Notable people

International relations

Main article: List of twin towns and sister cities in Turkey

Doğubayazıt is twinned with:

References

  1. ^ a b "Address-based population registration system (ADNKS) results dated 31 December 2021" (XLS) (in Turkish). TÜİK. Retrieved 12 January 2023.
  2. ^ Adem Avcıkıran (2009). Kürtçe Anamnez Anamneza bi Kurmancî (PDF) (in Turkish and Kurdish). p. 56. Retrieved 17 December 2019.
  3. ^ a b c d Edwards, Robert W. (1988). “Bayazit,” Encyclopaedia Iranica III.8, 1988, pp.886-887 Bayazit July 12, 2008, at the Wayback Machine.
  4. ^ İlçe Belediyesi, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 12 January 2023.
  5. ^ Jwaideh, Wadie (2006). The Kurdish national movement : its origins and development (1st ed.). Syracuse, N.Y.: Syracuse University Press. ISBN 0-8156-3093-X. OCLC 63117024.
  6. ^ Yilmaz, Özcan (2013), "Chapitre III. Le renouveau du mouvement national kurde", La formation de la nation kurde en Turquie, Graduate Institute Publications, pp. 81–99, doi:10.4000/books.iheid.2311, ISBN 978-2-940503-17-9
  7. ^ Christopher Houston, Kurdistan: crafting of national selves, Indiana University Press, 2008, ISBN 0-253-22050-5, p. 52.
  8. ^ Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Africa and the Middle East, 1. cilt, Infobase Publishing, 2009, ISBN 978-0-8160-7158-6, p. 385.
  9. ^ Abbas Vali, Essays on the origins of Kurdish nationalism, Mazda Publishers, 2003, ISBN 978-1-56859-142-1, p. 199.
  10. ^ Edwards, Robert W. (1984). “The Fortress at Doğubeyazıt (Daroynk‛),” Revue des Études Arméniennes 18, 1984, pp.435-459.
  11. ^ Aksen, Virginia. (2014). Ottoman Wars, 1700-1870: An Empire Besieged page 463. Routledge. ISBN 978-1317884033
  12. ^ Prothero, W. G. (1920). Armenia and Kurdistan. London: H.M. Stationery Office. p. 73.
  13. ^ "Ishak Pasha Palace | Turkish Archaeological News". turkisharchaeonews.net. Retrieved 2019-11-12.
  14. ^ Allsopp, Harriet (2014). The Kurds of Syria: Political Parties and Identity in the Middle East. London: I.B. Tauris. p. 55. ISBN 9781780765631.
  15. ^ "Ihsan Nuri Paşa" (in Kurdish). 25 March 2017. Retrieved 21 December 2019.
  16. ^ "کۆماری ئارارات، ئاوڕدانەوەیەک لە مێژوو". chawykurd.com (in Kurdish). Retrieved 21 December 2019.
  17. ^ "Xwendin û danasîna pirtûkan". dengekurdistan.nu (in Kurdish). Retrieved 21 December 2019.
  18. ^ Turkey Bird Flu Region Still Wary - BBC article about Doğubeyazıt outbreak
  19. ^ Şafak, Yeni (2019-12-11). "Ağrı Doğubayazıt Seçim Sonuçları – Doğubayazıt Yerel Seçim Sonuçları". Yeni Şafak (in Turkish). Retrieved 2019-11-12.
  20. ^ "04 Doğubayazıtspor | Kulüp bilgileri | AmatorFutbol.Org". www.amatorfutbol.org. Retrieved 2019-11-12.
  21. ^ Dogubayazidi Sheet C17 (Map). 1:200,000. Series K511 (4193). Great Britain War Office. 1941.

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Doğubayazıt.
  •   Dogubeyazit travel guide from Wikivoyage
  • Extensive photographic survey, description and plan of Doğubeyazit Castle

June 17, 2023
doğubayazıt, other, uses, beyazid, disambiguation, kurdish, bazîd, armenian, Արշակաւան, romanized, arshakavan, town, ağrı, province, turkey, near, border, with, iran, elevation, 1625, seat, district, population, 2021, also, known, kurdava, town, capital, self,. For other uses see Beyazid disambiguation Dogubayazit Kurdish Bazid 2 Armenian Արշակաւան romanized Arshakavan 3 is a town of Agri Province of Turkey near the border with Iran Its elevation is 1625 m It is the seat of Dogubayazit District 4 Its population is 80 061 2021 1 Also known as Kurdava 5 6 the town was the capital of the self declared Republic of Ararat an independent Kurdish state centered in the Agri Province 7 8 9 DogubayazitMunicipalityDogubayazit from Ishak Pasha PalaceDogubayazitLocation in TurkeyCoordinates 39 32 50 N 44 05 00 E 39 54722 N 44 08333 E 39 54722 44 08333CountryTurkeyProvinceAgriDistrictDogubayazitGovernment MayorYildiz Acar HDP Population 2021 1 80 061Time zoneTRT UTC 3 Websitewww wbr dogubayazit wbr bel wbr trIshak Pasha Palace near Dogubayazit Contents 1 History 2 Politics 3 Sports 4 Geography 5 Places of interest 6 Notable people 7 International relations 8 References 9 External linksHistory EditFor the history of the wider area see Agri Province Defence of Dogubayazit during the Russo Turkish War 1877 78 by Lev Lagorio For most of the periods described here Dogubayazit was a bigger and more important settlement than the present day provincial capital Agri not least because this is the Iranian border crossing The area has had a rich history with monuments dating back to the time of the Kingdom of Urartu over 2700 years ago Before the Ottoman Empire the site was referred to by its Armenian name Daruynk 3 In the 4th century the Sasanians failed to capture the Armenian stronghold and royal treasury at Daroynk Princes of the Bagratid dynasty of Armenia resided at Daroynk and rebuilt the fortress into its present configuration with multiple baileys and towers carefully integrated into the ascending rock outcrop When King Gagik Arcruni reoccupied the fortress ca 922 A D it became the seat of a bishop 10 It was subsequently conquered and reconquered by Persians Armenians Byzantines and Seljuks all of whom would have used the plain to rest and recoup during their passages across the mountains 3 Turkish peoples arrived in 1064 but were soon followed by the Mongols and further waves of Turks The castle of Daroynk was repaired many times throughout this history although it is now named after the Turkish warlord Celayirli Sehzade Bayazit Han who ordered one of the rebuildings in 1374 Ultimately the town was renamed Beyazit itself in the 16th century From the time of the Safavids the area was ruled by Turkic speaking generals later including the Ottoman general Ishakpasa who built the palace that still bears his name The town saw fighting in the Ottoman Persian War 1821 23 when in 1821 commander in chief Abbas Mirza of Qajar Iran occupied the town 11 as well as when it was attacked by Russia later in 1856 and taken by the Russians during the Russo Turkish War 1877 78 When the Russians retreated many of the Armenian population left with them to build New Beyazit now Gavar at Armenia on the shore of lake Sevan Mosque and ruined quarter Dogubayazit was further ravaged during World War I and the Turkish War of Independence citation needed Starting in 1920 the area began producing sulphur 12 The widely dispersed village of Bayazit was originally an Armenian settlement and populated by Kurds in 1930 and Yazidis from the Serhat region But in 1930 the Turkish army destroyed it in response to the Ararat Rebellion A new town was built in the plain below the old site in the 1930s 13 hence the new name Dogubayazit which literally means East Beyazit Dogubayazit was the capital of the Kurdish Republic of Ararat led by Ibrahim Haski and Ihsan Nuri of the Xoybun organization between 1927 and 1930 14 The town was thus dubbed the provisional capital of Kurdistan and was subsequently presented to the League of Nations and the Great Powers as the center of an independent Kurdish state 15 16 17 In January 2006 Dogubayazit was the centre of a H5N1 bird flu outbreak 18 Several children died from the disease after playing with chicken carcasses Politics EditIn the local elections in March 2019 Yildiz Acar was elected Mayor of the Peoples Democratic Party HDP 19 Ismail Besikci AvenueSports EditThe Dogubayazitspor football club plays in the lower divisions of the Turkish football league 20 It played in the Turkish Third League for three seasons Geography Edit View of Dogubayazit and Mount Ararat The town of Dogubayazit is a settlement with a long history It lies 15 km southwest of Mount Ararat 93 km east of the city of Agri and 35 km from the Iranian border The town stands on a plain surrounded by some of Turkey s highest peaks including Ararat 5 137m Little Ararat 3 896m Tendurek Dagi 3 533m Kaletepe 3 196m Aridagi 2 934m and Gollertepe 2 643m Kizil Mountain at 2 730m is two kilometers east of the town 21 The climate on the plain is hot and dry in summer cold and dry in winter Places of interest EditMount Ararat 15 km from Dogubayazit and the best views of the mountain are from here Ishak Pasha Palace completed in 1784 on a hill to the south of town The castle and mosque of Old Beyazit first built by the Urartu but which bear traces of many civilisations The Durupinar site is up in the hills east of town and south of the main highway Balik Golu a lake in a lava bed 60 km from Dogubayazit near Taslicay The Ice Cave on the side of Little Ararat near the village of Hallac The ruins of the 900BC Urartu temple and palace on the hill of Giriktepe A stone formation believed to be Noah s ark The ancient Armenian cemetery 3 Notable people EditMahmud Bayazidi Kurdish philosopher and polymath from Bayazid in the Ottoman Empire Ibrahim Heski Kurdish Politician Ahmet Arvasi writer and philosopher Kaya Ozcan Wrestler Umit Samiloglu artistic gymnast and part of the national team Yildiz Tilbe Turkish singer of Kurdish descent and one of the best selling musical artists in TurkeyInternational relations EditMain article List of twin towns and sister cities in Turkey Dogubayazit is twinned with Eilat Israel Podgorica Montenegro Montevideo Uruguay Kitwe Zambia Lusaka Zambia Bulawayo Zimbabwe Kosovska Mitrovica Serbia Gothenburg Sweden Karlstad Sweden Timbuktu Mali Bergen Norway Turku Finland Saarbrucken Germany N djamena Chad Esbjerg DenmarkReferences Edit a b Address based population registration system ADNKS results dated 31 December 2021 XLS in Turkish TUIK Retrieved 12 January 2023 Adem Avcikiran 2009 Kurtce Anamnez Anamneza bi Kurmanci PDF in Turkish and Kurdish p 56 Retrieved 17 December 2019 a b c d Edwards Robert W 1988 Bayazit Encyclopaedia Iranica III 8 1988 pp 886 887 Bayazit Archived July 12 2008 at the Wayback Machine Ilce Belediyesi Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory Retrieved 12 January 2023 Jwaideh Wadie 2006 The Kurdish national movement its origins and development 1st ed Syracuse N Y Syracuse University Press ISBN 0 8156 3093 X OCLC 63117024 Yilmaz Ozcan 2013 Chapitre III Le renouveau du mouvement national kurde La formation de la nation kurde en Turquie Graduate Institute Publications pp 81 99 doi 10 4000 books iheid 2311 ISBN 978 2 940503 17 9 Christopher Houston Kurdistan crafting of national selves Indiana University Press 2008 ISBN 0 253 22050 5 p 52 Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Africa and the Middle East 1 cilt Infobase Publishing 2009 ISBN 978 0 8160 7158 6 p 385 Abbas Vali Essays on the origins of Kurdish nationalism Mazda Publishers 2003 ISBN 978 1 56859 142 1 p 199 Edwards Robert W 1984 The Fortress at Dogubeyazit Daroynk Revue des Etudes Armeniennes 18 1984 pp 435 459 Aksen Virginia 2014 Ottoman Wars 1700 1870 An Empire Besieged page 463 Routledge ISBN 978 1317884033 Prothero W G 1920 Armenia and Kurdistan London H M Stationery Office p 73 Ishak Pasha Palace Turkish Archaeological News turkisharchaeonews net Retrieved 2019 11 12 Allsopp Harriet 2014 The Kurds of Syria Political Parties and Identity in the Middle East London I B Tauris p 55 ISBN 9781780765631 Ihsan Nuri Pasa in Kurdish 25 March 2017 Retrieved 21 December 2019 کۆماری ئارارات ئاوڕدانەوەیەک لە مێژوو chawykurd com in Kurdish Retrieved 21 December 2019 Xwendin u danasina pirtukan dengekurdistan nu in Kurdish Retrieved 21 December 2019 Turkey Bird Flu Region Still Wary BBC article about Dogubeyazit outbreak Safak Yeni 2019 12 11 Agri Dogubayazit Secim Sonuclari Dogubayazit Yerel Secim Sonuclari Yeni Safak in Turkish Retrieved 2019 11 12 04 Dogubayazitspor Kulup bilgileri AmatorFutbol Org www amatorfutbol org Retrieved 2019 11 12 Dogubayazidi Sheet C17 Map 1 200 000 Series K511 4193 Great Britain War Office 1941 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Dogubayazit Dogubeyazit travel guide from Wikivoyage Extensive photographic survey description and plan of Dogubeyazit Castle Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Dogubayazit amp oldid 1156412799, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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