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Wikipedia

DisplayPort

March 07, 2023

DisplayPort (DP) is a digital display interface developed by a consortium of PC and chip manufacturers and standardized by the Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA). It is primarily used to connect a video source to a display device such as a computer monitor. It can also carry audio, USB, and other forms of data.[1]

DisplayPort


Type Digital audio/video connector
Production history
Designer VESA
Designed May 2006
Manufacturer Various
Produced 2008–present
Superseded DVI, VGA, SCART, RGB Component
Superseded by None
General specifications
Length Various
Hot pluggable Yes
External Yes
Audio signal Optional; 1–8 channels, 16 or 24-bit linear PCM; 32–192 kHz sampling rate; maximum bitrate 36,864 kbit/s (4,608 kB/s)
Video signal Optional, maximum resolution limited by available bandwidth
Pins 20 pins for external connectors on desktops, notebooks, graphics cards, monitors, etc. and 30/20 pins for internal connections between graphics engines and built-in flat panels.
Electrical
Signal +3.3 V
Max. voltage 16.0 V
Max. current 0.5 A
Data
Data signal Yes
Bitrate 1.62, 2.7, 5.4, 8.1, or 20 Gbit/s data rate per lane; 1, 2, or 4 lanes; (effective total 5.184, 8.64, 17.28, 25.92, or 77.37 Gbit/s for 4-lane link); 2 or 720 Mbit/s (effectively 1 or 576 Mbit/s) for the auxiliary channel.
Protocol Micro-packet
Pinout
External connector (source-side) on PCB
Pin 1 ML_Lane 0 (p)[a] Lane 0 (+)
Pin 2 GND Ground
Pin 3 ML_Lane 0 (n)[a] Lane 0 (−)
Pin 4 ML_Lane 1 (p)[a] Lane 1 (+)
Pin 5 GND Ground
Pin 6 ML_Lane 1 (n)[a] Lane 1 (−)
Pin 7 ML_Lane 2 (p)[a] Lane 2 (+)
Pin 8 GND Ground
Pin 9 ML_Lane 2 (n)[a] Lane 2 (−)
Pin 10 ML_Lane 3 (p)[a] Lane 3 (+)
Pin 11 GND Ground
Pin 12 ML_Lane 3 (n)[a] Lane 3 (−)
Pin 13 CONFIG1 Connected to ground[b]
Pin 14 CONFIG2 Connected to ground[b]
Pin 15 AUX CH (p) Auxiliary channel (+)
Pin 16 GND Ground
Pin 17 AUX CH (n) Auxiliary channel (−)
Pin 18 Hot plug Hot plug detect
Pin 19 Return Return for power
Pin 20 DP_PWR Power for connector (3.3 V 500 mA)
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h This is the pinout for source-side connector, the sink-side connector pinout will have lanes 0–3 reversed in order; i.e., lane 3 will be on pin 1(n) and 3(p) while lane 0 will be on pin 10(n) and 12(p).
  2. ^ a b Pins 13 and 14 may either be directly connected to ground or connected to ground through a pulldown device.
DisplayPort connector
A DisplayPort port (top right) near an Ethernet port and a USB port

DisplayPort was designed to replace VGA, FPD-Link, and Digital Visual Interface (DVI). It is backward compatible with other interfaces, such as HDMI and DVI, through the use of either active or passive adapters.[2]

It is the first display interface to rely on packetized data transmission, a form of digital communication found in technologies such as Ethernet, USB, and PCI Express. It permits the use of internal and external display connections. Unlike legacy standards that transmit a clock signal with each output, its protocol is based on small data packets known as micro packets, which can embed the clock signal in the data stream, allowing higher resolution using fewer pins.[3] The use of data packets also makes it extensible, meaning more features can be added over time without significant changes to the physical interface.[4]

DisplayPort can be used to transmit audio and video simultaneously, although each can be transmitted without the other. The video signal path can range from six to sixteen bits per color channel, and the audio path can have up to eight channels of 24-bit, 192 kHz uncompressed PCM audio.[1] A bidirectional, half-duplex auxiliary channel carries device management and device control data for the Main Link, such as VESA EDID, MCCS, and DPMS standards. The interface is also capable of carrying bidirectional USB signals.[5]

The interface uses a differential signal that is not compatible with DVI or HDMI. However, dual-mode DisplayPort ports are designed to transmit a single-link DVI or HDMI protocol (TMDS) across the interface through the use of an external passive adapter, enabling compatibility mode and converting the signal from 3.3 to 5 volts. For analog VGA/YPbPr and dual-link DVI, a powered active adapter is required for compatibility and does not rely on dual mode. Active VGA adapters are powered directly by the DisplayPort connector, while active dual-link DVI adapters typically rely on an external power source such as USB.

Versions

1.0 to 1.1

The first version, 1.0, was approved by VESA on 3 May 2006.[6] Version 1.1 was ratified on 2 April 2007,[7] and version 1.1a was ratified on 11 January 2008.[8]

DisplayPort 1.0–1.1a allow a maximum bandwidth of 10.8 Gbit/s (8.64 Gbit/s data rate) over a standard 4-lane main link. DisplayPort cables up to 2 meters in length are required to support the full 10.8 Gbit/s bandwidth.[8] DisplayPort 1.1 allows devices to implement alternative link layers such as fiber optic, allowing a much longer reach between source and display without signal degradation,[9] although alternative implementations are not standardized. It also includes HDCP in addition to DisplayPort Content Protection (DPCP). The DisplayPort 1.1a standard can be downloaded for free from the VESA website.[10]

1.2

DisplayPort version 1.2 was introduced on 7 January 2010.[11] The most significant improvement of this version is the doubling of the data rate to 17.28 Gbit/s in High Bit Rate 2 (HBR2) mode, which allows increased resolutions, higher refresh rates, and greater color depth, such as 3840 × 2160 at 60 Hz 10 bpc RGB. Other improvements include multiple independent video streams (daisy-chain connection with multiple monitors) called Multi-Stream Transport (MST), facilities for stereoscopic 3D, increased AUX channel bandwidth (from 1 Mbit/s to 720 Mbit/s), more color spaces including xvYCC, scRGB, and Adobe RGB 1998, and Global Time Code (GTC) for sub 1 μs audio/video synchronisation. Also Apple Inc.'s Mini DisplayPort connector, which is much smaller and designed for laptop computers and other small devices, is compatible with the new standard.[1][12][13][14]

1.2a

DisplayPort version 1.2a was released in January 2013[15] and may optionally include VESA's Adaptive Sync.[16] AMD's FreeSync uses the DisplayPort Adaptive-Sync feature for operation. FreeSync was first demonstrated at CES 2014 on a Toshiba Satellite laptop by making use of the Panel-Self-Refresh (PSR) feature from the Embedded DisplayPort standard,[17] and after a proposal from AMD, VESA later adapted the Panel-Self-Refresh feature for use in standalone displays and added it as an optional feature of the main DisplayPort standard under the name "Adaptive-Sync" in version 1.2a.[18] As it is an optional feature, support for Adaptive-Sync is not required for a display to be DisplayPort 1.2a-compliant.

1.3

DisplayPort version 1.3 was approved on 15 September 2014.[19] This standard increases overall transmission bandwidth to 32.4 Gbit/s with the new HBR3 mode featuring 8.1 Gbit/s per lane (up from 5.4 Gbit/s with HBR2 in version 1.2), for a total data throughput of 25.92 Gbit/s after factoring in 8b/10b encoding overhead. This bandwidth is enough for a 4K UHD display (3840 × 2160) at 120 Hz with 24 bit/px RGB color, a 5K display (5120 × 2880) at 60 Hz with 30 bit/px RGB color, or an 8K UHD display (7680 × 4320) at 30 Hz with 24 bit/px RGB color. Using Multi-Stream Transport (MST), a DisplayPort port can drive two 4K UHD (3840 × 2160) displays at 60 Hz, or up to four WQXGA (2560 × 1600) displays at 60 Hz with 24 bit/px RGB color. The new standard includes mandatory Dual-mode for DVI and HDMI adapters, implementing the HDMI 2.0 standard and HDCP 2.2 content protection.[20] The Thunderbolt 3 connection standard was originally to include DisplayPort 1.3 capability, but the final release ended up with only version 1.2. The VESA's Adaptive Sync feature in DisplayPort version 1.3 remains an optional part of the specification.[21]

1.4

DisplayPort version 1.4 was published 1 March 2016.[22] No new transmission modes are defined, so HBR3 (32.4 Gbit/s) as introduced in version 1.3 still remains as the highest available mode. DisplayPort 1.4 adds support for Display Stream Compression 1.2 (DSC), Forward Error Correction, HDR10 metadata defined in CTA-861.3, including static and dynamic metadata and the Rec. 2020 color space, for HDMI interoperability,[23] and extends the maximum number of inline audio channels to 32.[24]

1.4a

DisplayPort version 1.4a was published in April 2018.[25] VESA made no official press release for this version. It updated DisplayPort's DSC implementation from DSC 1.2 to 1.2a.[26]

2.0

On 26 June 2019, VESA formally released the DisplayPort 2.0 standard. VESA stated that version 2.0 is the first major update to the DisplayPort standard since March 2016, and provides up to a ≈3× improvement in data rate (from 25.92 to 77.37 Gbit/s) compared to the previous version of DisplayPort (1.4a), as well as new capabilities to address the future performance requirements of traditional displays. These include beyond 8K resolutions, higher refresh rates and high dynamic range (HDR) support at higher resolutions, improved support for multiple display configurations, as well as improved user experience with augmented/virtual reality (AR/VR) displays, including support for 4K-and-beyond VR resolutions.

Products incorporating DisplayPort 2.0 are not projected by VESA to appear on the market until later in 2021.[27][28]

According to a roadmap published by VESA in September 2016, a new version of DisplayPort was intended to be launched in "early 2017". It would have improved the link rate from 8.1 to 10.0 Gbit/s, a 23% increase.[29][30] This would have increased the total bandwidth from 32.4 Gbit/s to 40.0 Gbit/s. However, no new version was released in 2017, likely delayed to make further improvements after the HDMI Forum announced in January 2017 that their next standard (HDMI 2.1) would offer up to 48 Gbit/s of bandwidth. According to a press release on 3 January 2018, "VESA is also currently engaged with its members in the development of the next DisplayPort standard generation, with plans to increase the data rate enabled by DisplayPort by two-fold and beyond. VESA plans to publish this update within the next 18 months."[31] At CES 2019, VESA announced that the new version would support 8K @ 60 Hz without compression and was expected to be released in the first half of 2019.[32]

DP 2.0 configuration examples

With the increased bandwidth enabled by DisplayPort 2.0, VESA offers a high degree of versatility and configurations for higher display resolutions and refresh rates. In addition to the above-mentioned 8K resolution at 60 Hz with HDR support, UHBR20 through USB-C as DisplayPort Alt Mode enables a variety of high-performance configurations:

  • Single display resolutions
    • One 16K (15360 × 8640) display @ 60 Hz with 10 bpc (30 bit/px, HDR) RGB/Y′CBCR 4:4:4 color (with DSC)
    • One 10K (10240 × 4320) display @ 60 Hz and 8 bpc (24 bit/px, SDR) RGB/Y′CBCR 4:4:4 color (uncompressed)
  • Dual display resolutions
    • Two 8K (7680 × 4320) displays @ 120 Hz and 10 bpc (30 bit/px, HDR) RGB/Y′CBCR 4:4:4 color (with DSC)
    • Two 4K (3840 × 2160) displays @ 144 Hz and 8 bpc (24 bit/px, SDR) RGB/Y′CBCR 4:4:4 color (uncompressed)
  • Triple display resolutions
    • Three 10K (10240 × 4320) displays @ 60 Hz and 10 bpc (30 bit/px, HDR) RGB/Y′CBCR 4:4:4 color (with DSC)
    • Three 4K (3840 × 2160) displays @ 90 Hz and 10 bpc (30 bit/px, HDR) RGB/Y′CBCR 4:4:4 color (uncompressed)

When using only two lanes on the USB-C connector via DP Alt Mode to allow for simultaneous SuperSpeed USB data and video, DP 2.0 can enable such configurations as:[28]

  • Three 4K (3840 × 2160) displays @ 144 Hz and 10 bpc (30 bit/px, HDR) RGB/Y′CBCR 4:4:4 color (with DSC)
  • Two 4K × 4K (4096 × 4096) displays (for AR/VR headsets) @ 120 Hz and 10 bpc (30 bit/px, HDR) RGB/Y′CBCR 4:4:4 color (with DSC)
  • Three QHD (2560 × 1440) @ 120 Hz and 8 bpc (24 bit/px, SDR) RGB/Y′CBCR 4:4:4 color (uncompressed)
  • One 8K (7680 × 4320) display @ 30 Hz and 10 bpc (30 bit/px, HDR) RGB/Y′CBCR 4:4:4 color (uncompressed)

2.1

VESA announced version 2.1 of the DisplayPort standard on 17 October 2022.[33] This version incorporates the new DP40 and DP80 cable certifications, which test DisplayPort cables for proper operation at the UHBR10 (40 Gbit/s) and UHBR20 (80 Gbit/s) speeds introduced in version 2.0. Additionally, it revises some of the electrical requirements for DisplayPort devices in order to improve integration with USB4. In VESA's words:

DisplayPort 2.1 has tightened its alignment with the USB Type-C specification as well as the USB4 PHY specification to facilitate a common PHY servicing both DisplayPort and USB4. In addition, DisplayPort 2.1 has added a new DisplayPort bandwidth management feature to enable DisplayPort tunneling to coexist with other I/O data traffic more efficiently over the USB4 link.

Specifications

Main specifications

  DisplayPort version
1.0–1.1a 1.2–1.2a 1.3 1.4–1.4a 2.0–2.1
Release date May 2006 (1.0)[34]
Mar 2007 (1.1)[35]
Jan 2008 (1.1a)[8]		 Jan 2010 (1.2)[11]
May 2012 (1.2a)[35]		 Sep 2014[19] Mar 2016 (1.4)[22]
Apr 2018 (1.4a)[25]		 Jun 2019 (2.0)[28]
Oct 2022 (2.1)[33]
Main link
Transmission modes:
RBR (1.62 Gbit/s per lane) Yes[36]: §1.6.1  Yes Yes Yes Yes
HBR (2.70 Gbit/s per lane) Yes[36]: §1.6.1  Yes Yes Yes Yes
HBR2 (5.40 Gbit/s per lane) No Yes[37]: §2.1.1  Yes Yes Yes
HBR3 (8.10 Gbit/s per lane) No No Yes[19] Yes Yes
UHBR 10 (10.0 Gbit/s per lane) No No No No Yes
UHBR 13.5 (13.5 Gbit/s per lane) No No No No Yes
UHBR 20 (20.0 Gbit/s per lane) No No No No Yes
Number of lanes [8]: §1.7.1  4 4 4 4 4
Maximum total bandwidth[a] 10.80 Gbit/s 21.60 Gbit/s 32.40 Gbit/s 32.40 Gbit/s 80.00 Gbit/s
Maximum total data rate[b] 8.64 Gbit/s
 17.28 Gbit/s 25.92 Gbit/s 25.92 Gbit/s 77.37 Gbit/s
Encoding scheme[c] [8]: §1.7.1  8b/10b 8b/10b 8b/10b 8b/10b 128b/132b
Compression (optional)  –  –  – DSC 1.2 (DP 1.4)
DSC 1.2a (DP 1.4a)		 DSC 1.2a
Auxiliary channel
Maximum bandwidth [8]: Fig. 3-3  2 Mbit/s [37]: §3.4  720 Mbit/s 2 Mbit/s 2 Mbit/s 2 Mbit/s
Maximum data rate [8]: §3.4  1 Mbit/s [37]: §3.4  576 Mbit/s 1 Mbit/s 1 Mbit/s 1 Mbit/s
Encoding scheme [8]: §1.7.2  Manchester II [37]: §3.4  8b/10b Manchester II Manchester II Manchester II
Color format support
RGB Yes[36]: §1.6.1  Yes Yes Yes Yes
Y′CBCR 4:4:4 Yes[36]: §1.6.1  Yes Yes Yes Yes
Y′CBCR 4:2:2 Yes[36]: §1.6.1  Yes Yes Yes Yes
Y′CBCR 4:2:0 No No Yes Yes Yes
Y-only (monochrome) No Yes[37]: §2.2.4.3  Yes Yes Yes
Color depth support
06 bpc (18 bit/px) Yes[36]: §1.6.1  Yes Yes Yes Yes
08 bpc (24 bit/px) Yes[36]: §1.6.1  Yes Yes Yes Yes
10 bpc (30 bit/px) Yes[36]: §1.6.1  Yes Yes Yes Yes
12 bpc (36 bit/px) Yes[36]: §1.6.1  Yes Yes Yes Yes
16 bpc (48 bit/px) Yes[36]: §1.6.1  Yes Yes Yes Yes
Color space support
ITU-R BT.601 Yes[8]: §2.2.4  Yes Yes Yes Yes
ITU-R BT.709 Yes[8]: §2.2.4  Yes Yes Yes Yes
sRGB No[d] Yes[37]: §2.2.4.3  Yes Yes Yes
scRGB No Yes[37]: §2.2.4.3  Yes Yes Yes
xvYCC No Yes[37]: §2.2.4.3  Yes Yes Yes
Adobe RGB (1998) No Yes[37]: §2.2.4.3  Yes Yes Yes
DCI-P3 No Yes[37]: §2.2.4.3  Yes Yes Yes
Simplified color profile No Yes[37]: §2.2.4.3  Yes Yes Yes
ITU-R BT.2020 No No Yes[38]: 4  Yes Yes
Audio specifications
Max. sample rate [8]: §1.2.5  192 kHz [37]: §2.2.5.3  768 kHz 768 kHz [22] 1536 kHz ?
Max. sample size [8]: §1.2.5  24 bits 24 bits 24 bits 24 bits ?
Maximum audio channels [8]: §1.2.5  8 8 8 32 ?
  1.0–1.1a 1.2–1.2a 1.3 1.4–1.4a 2.0–2.1
DisplayPort version
  1. ^ Total bandwidth (the number of binary digits transmitted per second) is equal to the bandwidth per lane of the highest supported transmission mode multiplied by the number of lanes.
  2. ^ While the total bandwidth represents the number of physical bits transmitted across the interface, not all of the bits represent video data. Some of the transmitted bits are used for encoding purposes, so the rate at which video data can be transmitted across the DisplayPort interface is only a portion of the total bandwidth.
  3. ^ The 8b/10b encoding scheme uses 10 bits of bandwidth to send 8 bits of data, so only 80% of the bandwidth is available for data throughput. The extra 2 bits are used for DC balancing (ensuring a roughly equal number of 1s and 0s). They consume bandwidth, but do not represent any data.
  4. ^ In DisplayPort 1.0–1.1a, RGB images are simply sent without any specific colorimetry information

Main link

The DisplayPort main link is used for transmission of video and audio. The main link consists of a number of unidirectional serial data channels which operate concurrently, called lanes. A standard DisplayPort connection has 4 lanes, though some applications of DisplayPort implement more, such as the Thunderbolt 3 interface which implements up to 8 lanes of DisplayPort.[39]: 4 

In a standard DisplayPort connection, each lane has a dedicated set of twisted-pair wires, and transmits data across it using differential signaling. This is a self-clocking system, so no dedicated clock signal channel is necessary.[8]: §1.7.1  Unlike DVI and HDMI, which vary their transmission speed to the exact rate required for the specific video format, DisplayPort only operates at a few specific speeds; any excess bits in the transmission are filled with "stuffing symbols".[8]: §2.2.1.4 

In DisplayPort versions 1.0–1.4a, the data is encoded using ANSI 8b/10b encoding prior to transmission. With this scheme, only 8 out of every 10 transmitted bits represent data; the extra bits are used for DC balancing (ensuring a roughly equal number of 1s and 0s). As a result, the rate at which data can be transmitted is only 80% of the physical bitrate. The transmission speeds are also sometimes expressed in terms of the "Link Symbol Rate", which is the rate at which these 8b/10b-encoded symbols are transmitted (i.e. the rate at which groups of 10 bits are transmitted, 8 of which represent data). The following transmission modes are defined in version 1.0–1.4a:

  • RBR (Reduced Bit Rate): 1.62 Gbit/s bandwidth per lane (162 MHz link symbol rate)
  • HBR (High Bit Rate): 2.70 Gbit/s bandwidth per lane (270 MHz link symbol rate)
  • HBR2 (High Bit Rate 2): 5.40 Gbit/s bandwidth per lane (540 MHz link symbol rate), introduced in DP 1.2
  • HBR3 (High Bit Rate 3): 8.10 Gbit/s bandwidth per lane (810 MHz link symbol rate), introduced in DP 1.3

DisplayPort 2.0 uses 128b/132b encoding; each group of 132 transmitted bits represents 128 bits of data. This scheme has an efficiency of 96.96%.[40] In addition, a small amount of overhead is added for the link layer control packet and other miscellaneous operations, resulting in an overall efficiency of ≈96.7%.[41]: §3.5.2.18  The following transmission modes are added in DP 2.0:

  • UHBR 10 (Ultra High Bit Rate 10): 10.0 Gbit/s bandwidth per lane
  • UHBR 13.5 (Ultra High Bit Rate 13.5): 13.5 Gbit/s bandwidth per lane
  • UHBR 20 (Ultra High Bit Rate 20): 20.0 Gbit/s bandwidth per lane

The total bandwidth of the main link in a standard 4-lane connection is the aggregate of all lanes:

  • RBR: 04 × 1.62 Gbit/s = 06.48 Gbit/s bandwidth (data rate of 5.184 Gbit/s or 648 MB/s with 8b/10b encoding)
  • HBR: 04 × 2.70 Gbit/s = 10.80 Gbit/s bandwidth (data rate of 8.64 Gbit/s or 1.08 GB/s)
  • HBR2: 4 × 5.40 Gbit/s = 21.60 Gbit/s bandwidth (data rate of 17.28 Gbit/s or 2.16 GB/s)
  • HBR3: 4 × 8.10 Gbit/s = 32.40 Gbit/s bandwidth (data rate of 25.92 Gbit/s or 3.24 GB/s)
  • UHBR 10: 4 × 10.0 Gbit/s = 40.00 Gbit/s bandwidth (data rate of 38.69 Gbit/s or 4.84 GB/s with 128b/132b encoding and FEC)
  • UHBR 13.5: 4 × 13.5 Gbit/s = 54.00 Gbit/s bandwidth (data rate of 52.22 Gbit/s or 6.52 GB/s)
  • UHBR 20: 4 × 20.0 Gbit/s = 80.00 Gbit/s bandwidth (data rate of 77.37 Gbit/s or 9.69 GB/s)

The transmission mode used by the DisplayPort main link is negotiated by the source and sink device when a connection is made, through a process called Link Training. This process determines the maximum possible speed of the connection. If the quality of the DisplayPort cable is insufficient to reliably handle HBR2 speeds for example, the DisplayPort devices will detect this and switch down to a lower mode to maintain a stable connection.[8]: §2.1.1  The link can be re-negotiated at any time if a loss of synchronization is detected.[8]: §1.7.3 

Audio data is transmitted across the main link during the video blanking intervals (short pauses between each line and frame of video data).[8]: §2.2.5.3 

Auxiliary channel

The DisplayPort AUX channel is a half-duplex (bidirectional) data channel used for miscellaneous additional data beyond video and audio, such as EDID (I2C) or CEC commands.[8]: §2.4  This bidirectional data channel is required, since the video lane signals are unidirectional from source to display. AUX signals are transmitted across a dedicated set of twisted-pair wires. DisplayPort 1.0 specified Manchester encoding with a 2 Mbaud signal rate (1 Mbit/s data rate).[8]: §3.4  Version 1.2 of the DisplayPort standard introduced a second transmission mode called FAUX (Fast AUX), which operated at 720 Mbaud with 8b/10b encoding (576 Mbit/s data rate),[37]: §3.4  but it was deprecated in version 1.3.

Cables and connectors

Cables

Compatibility and feature support

All DisplayPort cables are compatible with all DisplayPort devices, regardless of the version of each device or the cable certification level.[42]

All features of DisplayPort will function across any DisplayPort cable. DisplayPort does not have multiple cable designs; all DP cables have the same basic layout and wiring, and will support any feature including audio, daisy-chaining, G-Sync/FreeSync, HDR, and DSC.

DisplayPort cables differ in their transmission speed support. DisplayPort specifies seven different transmission modes (RBR, HBR, HBR2, HBR3, UHBR 10, UHBR 13.5, and UHBR 20) which support progressively higher bandwidths. Not all DisplayPort cables are capable of all seven transmission modes. VESA offers certifications for various levels of bandwidth. These certifications are optional, and not all DisplayPort cables are certified by VESA.

Cables with limited transmission speed are still compatible with all DisplayPort devices, but may place limits on the maximum resolution or refresh rate available.

DisplayPort cables are not classified by "version". Although cables are commonly labeled with version numbers, with HBR2 cables advertised as "DisplayPort 1.2 cables" for example, this notation is not permitted by VESA.[42] The use of version numbers with cables can falsely imply that a DisplayPort 1.4 display requires a "DisplayPort 1.4 cable", or that features introduced in version 1.4 such as HDR or DSC will not function with older "DP 1.2 cables". DisplayPort cables are classified only by their bandwidth certification level (RBR, HBR, HBR2, HBR3, etc.), if they have been certified at all.

Cable bandwidth and certifications

Not all DisplayPort cables are capable of functioning at the highest levels of bandwidth. Cables may be submitted to VESA for an optional certification at various bandwidth levels. VESA offers four levels of cable certification: Standard, DP8K, DP40, and DP80.[41]: §4.1  These certify DisplayPort cables for proper operation at the following speeds:

DisplayPort cable certifications
Transmission mode Transmission
bit rate 		Minimum required
cable certification
RBR (Reduced Bit Rate) 6.48 Gbit/s Standard VESA-certified DisplayPort cable
HBR (High Bit Rate) 10.80 Gbit/s
HBR2 (High Bit Rate 2) 21.60 Gbit/s
HBR3 (High Bit Rate 3) 32.40 Gbit/s DP8K DisplayPort cable
UHBR10 (Ultra High Bit Rate 10) 40.00 Gbit/s DP40 cable
UHBR13.5 (Ultra High Bit Rate 13.5) 54.00 Gbit/s DP80 cable
UHBR20 (Ultra High Bit Rate 20) 80.00 Gbit/s

In April 2013, VESA published an article stating that the DisplayPort cable certification did not have distinct tiers for HBR and HBR2 bandwidth, and that any certified standard DisplayPort cable—including those certified under DisplayPort 1.1—would be able to handle the 21.6 Gbit/s bandwidth of HBR2 that was introduced with the DisplayPort 1.2 standard.[42] The DisplayPort 1.2 standard defines only a single specification for High Bit Rate cable assemblies, which is used for both HBR and HBR2 speeds, although the DP cable certification process is governed by the DisplayPort PHY Compliance Test Standard (CTS) and not the DisplayPort standard itself.[37]: §5.7.1, §4.1 

The DP8K certification was announced by VESA in January 2018, and certifies cables for proper operation at HBR3 speeds (8.1 Gbit/s per lane, 32.4 Gbit/s total).[43]

In June 2019, with the release of version 2.0 of the DisplayPort Standard, VESA announced that the DP8K certification was also sufficient for the new UHBR10 transmission mode. No new certifications were announced for the UHBR13.5 and UHBR20 modes. VESA is encouraging displays to use tethered cables for these speeds, rather than releasing standalone cables onto the market.[40]

It should also be noted that the use of Display Stream Compression (DSC), introduced in DisplayPort 1.4, greatly reduces the bandwidth requirements for the cable. Formats which would normally be beyond the limits of DisplayPort 1.4, such as 4K (3840 × 2160) at 144 Hz 8 bpc RGB/Y′CBCR 4:4:4 (31.4 Gbit/s data rate when uncompressed), can only be implemented by using DSC. This would reduce the physical bandwidth requirements by 2–3×, placing it well within the capabilities of an HBR2-rated cable.

This exemplifies why DisplayPort cables are not classified by "version"; although DSC was introduced in version 1.4, this does not mean it needs a so-called "DP 1.4 cable" (an HBR3-rated cable) to function. HBR3 cables are only required for applications which exceed HBR2-level bandwidth, not simply any application involving DisplayPort 1.4. If DSC is used to reduce the bandwidth requirements to HBR2 levels, then an HBR2-rated cable will be sufficient.

In version 2.1, VESA introduced the DP40 and DP80 cable certification tiers, which validate cables for UHBR10 and UHBR20 speeds respectively.

Cable length

The DisplayPort standard does not specify any maximum length for cables, though the DisplayPort 1.2 standard does set a minimum requirement that all cables up to 2 meters in length must support HBR2 speeds (21.6 Gbit/s), and all cables of any length must support RBR speeds (6.48 Gbit/s).[37]: §5.7.1, §4.1  Cables longer than 2 meters may or may not support HBR/HBR2 speeds, and cables of any length may or may not support HBR3 speeds or above.

Connectors and pin configuration

 
DisplayPort output on a computer

DisplayPort cables and ports may have either a "full-size" connector or a "mini" connector. These connectors differ only in physical shape—the capabilities of DisplayPort are the same regardless of which connector is used. Using a Mini DisplayPort connector does not affect performance or feature support of the connection.

Full-size DisplayPort connector

The standard DisplayPort connector (now referred to as a "full-size" connector to distinguish it from the mini connector)[37]: §4.1.1  was the sole connector type introduced in DisplayPort 1.0. It is a 20-pin single-orientation connector with a friction lock and an optional mechanical latch. The standard DisplayPort receptacle has dimensions of 16.10 mm (width) × 4.76 mm (height) × 8.88 mm (depth).[8]: §4.2.1.7, p201 

The standard DisplayPort connector pin allocation is as follows:[8]: §4.2.1 

  • 12 pins for the main link – the main link consists of four shielded twisted pairs. Each pair requires 3 pins; one for each of the two wires, and a third for the shield.[8]: §4.1.2, p183  (pins 1–12)
  • 2 additional ground pins – (pins 13 and 14)
  • 3 pins for the auxiliary channel – the auxiliary channel uses another 3-pin shielded twisted pair (pins 15–17)
  • 1 pin for HPD – hot-plug detection (pin 18)
  • 2 pins for power – 3.3 V power and return line (pins 19 and 20)

Mini DisplayPort connector

 
Mini DisplayPort plug

The Mini DisplayPort connector was developed by Apple for use in their computer products. It was first announced in October 2008 for use in the new MacBooks and Cinema Display. In 2009, VESA adopted it as an official standard, and in 2010 the specification was merged into the main DisplayPort standard with the release of DisplayPort 1.2. Apple freely licenses the specification to VESA.

The Mini DisplayPort (mDP) connector is a 20-pin single-orientation connector with a friction lock. Unlike the full-size connector, it does not have an option for a mechanical latch. The mDP receptacle has dimensions of 7.50 mm (width) × 4.60 mm (height) × 4.99 mm (depth).[44]: §2.1.3.6, pp27–31  The mDP pin assignments are the same as the full-size DisplayPort connector.[44]: §2.1.3 

DP_PWR (pin 20)

Pin 20 on the DisplayPort connector, called DP_PWR, provides 3.3 V (±10%) DC power at up to 500 mA (minimum power delivery of 1.5 W).[8]: §3.2  This power is available from all DisplayPort receptacles, on both source and display devices. DP_PWR is intended to provide power for adapters, amplified cables, and similar devices, so that a separate power cable is not necessary.

Standard DisplayPort cable connections do not use the DP_PWR pin. Connecting the DP_PWR pins of two devices directly together through a cable can create a short circuit which can potentially damage devices, since the DP_PWR pins on two devices are unlikely to have exactly the same voltage (especially with a ±10% tolerance).[45] For this reason, the DisplayPort 1.1 and later standards specify that passive DisplayPort-to-DisplayPort cables must leave pin 20 unconnected.[8]: §3.2.2 

However, in 2013 VESA announced that after investigating reports of malfunctioning DisplayPort devices, it had discovered that a large number of non-certified vendors were manufacturing their DisplayPort cables with the DP_PWR pin connected:

Recently VESA has experienced quite a few complaints regarding troublesome DisplayPort operation that ended up being caused by improperly made DisplayPort cables. These "bad" DisplayPort cables are generally limited to non-DisplayPort certified cables, or off-brand cables. To further investigate this trend in the DisplayPort cable market, VESA purchased a number of non-certified, off-brand cables and found that an alarmingly high number of these were configured improperly and would likely not support all system configurations. None of these cables would have passed the DisplayPort certification test, moreover some of these cables could potentially damage a PC, laptop, or monitor.

The stipulation that the DP_PWR wire be omitted from standard DisplayPort cables was not present in the DisplayPort 1.0 standard. However, DisplayPort products (and cables) did not begin to appear on the market until 2008, long after version 1.0 had been replaced by version 1.1. The DisplayPort 1.0 standard was never implemented in commercial products.[46]

Resolution and refresh frequency limits

The tables below describe the refresh frequencies that can be achieved with each transmission mode. In general, maximum refresh frequency is determined by the transmission mode (RBR, HBR, HBR2, HBR3, UHBR 10, UHBR 13.5, or UHBR 20). These transmission modes were introduced to the DisplayPort standard as follows:

  • RBR and HBR were defined in the initial release of the DisplayPort standard, version 1.0
  • HBR2 was introduced in version 1.2
  • HBR3 was introduced in version 1.3
  • UHBR 10, UHBR 13.5, and UHBR 20 were introduced in version 2.0

However, transmission mode support is not necessarily dictated by a device's claimed "DisplayPort version number". For example, older versions of the DisplayPort Marketing Guidelines allowed a device to be labeled as "DisplayPort 1.2" if it supported the MST feature, even if it didn't support the HBR2 transmission mode.[47]: 9  Newer versions of the guidelines have removed this clause, and currently (as of the June 2018 revision) there are no guidelines on the usage of DisplayPort version numbers in products.[48] DisplayPort "version numbers" are therefore not a reliable indication of what transmission speeds a device can support.

In addition, individual devices may have their own arbitrary limitations beyond transmission speed. For example, NVIDIA Kepler GK104 GPUs (such as the GeForce GTX 680 and 770) support "DisplayPort 1.2" with the HBR2 transmission mode, but are limited to 540 Mpx/s, only 3⁄4 of the maximum possible with HBR2.[49] Consequently, certain devices may have limitations that differ from those listed in the following tables.

To support a particular format, the source and display devices must both support the required transmission mode, and the DisplayPort cable must also be capable of handling the required bandwidth of that transmission mode. (See: Cables and connectors)

Refresh frequency limits for common resolutions

The maximum limits for the RBR and HBR modes are calculated using standard data rate calculations.[50] For UHBR modes, the limits are based on the data efficiency calculations provided by the DisplayPort standard.[51]: §3.5.2.18  All calculations assume uncompressed RGB video with CVT-RB v2 timing. Maximum limits may differ if compression (i.e. DSC) or Y′CBCR 4:2:2 or 4:2:0 chroma subsampling are used.

Display manufacturers may also use non-standard blanking intervals rather than CVT-RB v2 to achieve even higher frequencies when bandwidth is a constraint. The refresh frequencies in the below table do not represent the absolute maximum limit of each interface, but rather an estimate based on a modern standardized timing formula. The minimum blanking intervals (and therefore the exact maximum frequency that can be achieved) will depend on the display and how many secondary data packets it requires, and therefore will differ from model to model.

Video format Transmission mode / Maximum data rate
Short-
hand 		Resolution Color
depth
(bpc) 		RBR HBR HBR2 HBR3 UHBR 10 UHBR 13.5 UHBR 20
5.184 Gbit/s 8.64 Gbit/s 17.28 Gbit/s 25.92 Gbit/s 38.68 Gbit/s 52.22 Gbit/s 77.37 Gbit/s
Maximum refresh frequency with CVT-RB v2 timing uncompressed (Hz)
1080p 1920 × 1080 8 95 154 288 406 555 688 884
10 77 125 237 337 468 587 770
1440p 2560 × 1440 8 55 90 174 251 354 452 609
10 44 73 141 205 293 378 516
UWQHD 3440 × 1440 8 41 68 133 193 277 358 491
10 33 55 107 157 227 296 412
4K 3840 × 2160 8 41 81 120 174 229 323
10 33 65 97 142 187 267
5K 5120 × 2880 8 47 69 102 136 195
10 37 56 82 110 159
8K 7680 × 4320 8 31 47 63 92
10 37 50 74
  Below 30 Hz
  030–60 Hz
  060–120 Hz
  120–240 Hz
  Above 240 Hz

Refresh frequency limits for standard video

Color depth of 8 bpc (24 bit/px or 16.7 million colors) is assumed for all formats in these tables. This is the standard color depth used on most computer displays. Note that some operating systems refer to this as "32-bit" color depth—this is the same as 24-bit color depth. The 8 extra bits are for alpha channel information, which is only present in software. At the transmission stage, this information has already been incorporated into the primary color channels, so the actual video data transmitted across the cable only contains 24 bits per pixel.

Limits for uncompressed RGB / Y′CBCR 4:4:4 video only
Video format Transmission mode / maximum data rate[a]
Shorthand Resolution Refresh
rate (Hz) 		Data rate
required[b]		 RBR HBR HBR2 HBR3 UHBR 10 UHBR 13.5 UHBR 20
5.184 Gbit/s 8.64 Gbit/s 17.28 Gbit/s 25.92 Gbit/s 38.69 Gbit/s 52.22 Gbit/s 77.37 Gbit/s
1080p 1920 × 1080 60 3.20 Gbit/s Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
85 4.59 Gbit/s Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
120 6.59 Gbit/s No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
144 8.00 Gbit/s No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
240 14.00 Gbit/s No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
1440p 2560 × 1440 30 2.78 Gbit/s Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
60 5.63 Gbit/s No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
85 8.07 Gbit/s No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
120 11.59 Gbit/s No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
144 14.08 Gbit/s No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
165 16.30 Gbit/s No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
240 24.62 Gbit/s No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes
4K 3840 × 2160 24 4.93 Gbit/s Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
30 6.18 Gbit/s No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
60 12.54 Gbit/s No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
75 15.79 Gbit/s No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
120 25.82 Gbit/s No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes
144 31.35 Gbit/s No No No No Yes Yes Yes
240 54.84 Gbit/s No No No No No Yes[c] Yes
5K 5120 × 2880 24 8.73 Gbit/s No Yes[c] Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
30 10.94 Gbit/s No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
60 22.18 Gbit/s No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes
120 45.66 Gbit/s No No No No No Yes Yes
144 55.44 Gbit/s No No No No No No Yes
180 70.54 Gbit/s No No No No No No Yes
240 96.98 Gbit/s No No No No No No No
8K 7680 × 4320 24 19.53 Gbit/s No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes
30 24.48 Gbit/s No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes
60 49.65 Gbit/s No No No No No Yes Yes
85 71.17 Gbit/s No No No No No No Yes
120 102.20 Gbit/s No No No No No No No
RBR HBR HBR2 HBR3 UHBR 10 UHBR 13.5 UHBR 20
Transmission mode
  1. ^ Only a portion of DisplayPort's bandwidth is used for carrying video data. DisplayPort versions 1.0–1.4a use 8b/10b encoding, which means that 80% of the bits transmitted across the link represent data, and the other 20% are used for encoding purposes. The maximum bandwidth of RBR, HBR, HBR2, and HBR3 (6.48, 10.8, 21.6, and 32.4 Gbit/s) therefore transport video data at rates of 5.184, 8.64, 17.28, and 25.92 Gbit/s. DisplayPort version 2.0 uses 128b/132b encoding, and therefore the maximum bandwidths of UHBR 10, 13.5, and 20 (40, 54, and 80 Gbit/s) transport data at rates of 38.69, 52.22, and 77.37 Gbit/s.
  2. ^ These data rates are for uncompressed 8 bpc (24 bit/px) color depth with RGB or YCBCR 4:4:4 color format and CVT-R2 timing. Uncompressed data rate for RGB video in bits per second is calculated as bits per pixel × pixels per frame × frames per second. Pixels per frame includes blanking intervals as defined by CVT-R2.
  3. ^ a b Although this format slightly exceeds the maximum data rate of this transmission mode with CVT-R2 timing, it is close enough to be achieved with non-standard timings
Limits including compression and chroma subsampling
Video format Transmission mode / maximum data rate[a]
Shorthand Resolution Refresh
rate (Hz) 		Data rate
required[b]		 RBR HBR HBR2 HBR3 UHBR 10 UHBR 13.5 UHBR 20
5.184 Gbit/s 8.64 Gbit/s 17.28 Gbit/s 25.92 Gbit/s 38.69 Gbit/s 52.22 Gbit/s 77.37 Gbit/s
1080p 1920 × 1080 60 3.20 Gbit/s Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
85 4.59 Gbit/s Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
120 6.59 Gbit/s DSC[c] or 4:2:2[d] Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
144 8.00 Gbit/s DSC or 4:2:0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
240 14.00 Gbit/s DSC DSC or 4:2:0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
1440p 2560 × 1440 30 2.78 Gbit/s Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
60 5.63 Gbit/s DSC or 4:2:2 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
85 8.07 Gbit/s DSC or 4:2:0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
120 11.59 Gbit/s DSC DSC or 4:2:2 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
144 14.08 Gbit/s DSC DSC or 4:2:0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
165 16.30 Gbit/s DSC + 4:2:2[e] DSC or 4:2:0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
240 24.62 Gbit/s DSC + 4:2:0 DSC DSC or 4:2:2 Yes Yes Yes Yes
4K 3840 × 2160 24 4.93 Gbit/s Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
30 6.18 Gbit/s DSC or 4:2:2 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
60 12.54 Gbit/s DSC DSC or 4:2:2 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
75 15.79 Gbit/s DSC DSC or 4:2:0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
120 25.82 Gbit/s DSC + 4:2:0 DSC DSC or 4:2:2 Yes Yes Yes Yes
144 31.35 Gbit/s DSC + 4:2:0 DSC + 4:2:2 DSC or 4:2:0 DSC or 4:2:2 Yes Yes Yes
240 54.84 Gbit/s No No DSC + 4:2:2 DSC DSC or 4:2:2 Yes[f] Yes
5K 5120 × 2880 24 8.73 Gbit/s DSC or 4:2:0 Yes[f] Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
30 10.94 Gbit/s DSC DSC or 4:2:2 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
60 22.18 Gbit/s DSC + 4:2:2 DSC DSC or 4:2:2 Yes Yes Yes Yes
120 45.66 Gbit/s No DSC + 4:2:0 DSC DSC or 4:2:0 DSC or 4:2:2 Yes Yes
144 55.44 Gbit/s No No DSC + 4:2:2 DSC DSC or 4:2:2 DSC or 4:2:2 Yes
180 70.54 Gbit/s No No DSC + 4:2:2 DSC DSC or 4:2:0 DSC or 4:2:2 Yes
240 96.98 Gbit/s No No DSC + 4:2:0 DSC + 4:2:2 DSC or 4:2:0 DSC or 4:2:0 DSC or 4:2:2
8K 7680 × 4320 24 19.53 Gbit/s DSC + 4:2:2 DSC DSC or 4:2:2 Yes Yes Yes Yes
30 24.48 Gbit/s DSC + 4:2:0 DSC DSC or 4:2:2 Yes Yes Yes Yes
60 49.65 Gbit/s No DSC + 4:2:0 DSC DSC or 4:2:0 DSC or 4:2:2 Yes Yes
85 71.17 Gbit/s No No DSC + 4:2:2 DSC DSC or 4:2:0 DSC or 4:2:2 Yes
120 102.20 Gbit/s No No DSC + 4:2:0 DSC + 4:2:2 DSC DSC or 4:2:0 DSC or 4:2:2
144 124.09 Gbit/s No No No DSC + 4:2:0 DSC + 4:2:2 DSC DSC or 4:2:0
240 217.10 Gbit/s No No No No DSC + 4:2:0 DSC + 4:2:2 DSC
RBR HBR HBR2 HBR3 UHBR 10 UHBR 13.5 UHBR 20
Transmission mode
  1. ^ Only a portion of DisplayPort's bandwidth is used for carrying video data. DisplayPort versions 1.0–1.4a use 8b/10b encoding, which means that 80% of the bits transmitted across the link represent data, and the other 20% are used for encoding purposes. The maximum bandwidth of RBR, HBR, HBR2, and HBR3 (6.48, 10.8, 21.6, and 32.4 Gbit/s) therefore transport video data at rates of 5.184, 8.64, 17.28, and 25.92 Gbit/s. DisplayPort version 2.0 uses 128b/132b encoding, and therefore the maximum bandwidths of UHBR 10, 13.5, and 20 (40, 54, and 80 Gbit/s) transport data at rates of 38.69, 52.22, and 77.37 Gbit/s.
  2. ^ These data rates are for uncompressed 8 bpc (24 bit/px) color depth with RGB or YCBCR 4:4:4 color format and CVT-R2 timing. Uncompressed data rate for RGB video in bits per second is calculated as bits per pixel × pixels per frame × frames per second. Pixels per frame includes blanking intervals as defined by CVT-R2.
  3. ^ This format can only be achieved with full RGB color if DSC (display stream compression) is used.
  4. ^ This format can only be achieved uncompressed if the YCBCR format with either 4:2:2 or 4:2:0 chroma subsampling (as noted) is used
  5. ^ This format can only be achieved if DSC is used together with either YCbCr 4:2:2 or 4:2:0 chroma subsampling (as noted)
  6. ^ a b Although this format slightly exceeds the maximum data rate of this transmission mode with CVT-R2 timing, it is close enough to be achieved with non-standard timings

Refresh frequency limits for HDR video

Color depth of 10 bpc (30 bit/px or 1.07 billion colors) is assumed for all formats in these tables. This color depth is a requirement for various common HDR standards, such as HDR10. It requires 25% more bandwidth than standard 8 bpc video.

HDR extensions were defined in version 1.4 of the DisplayPort standard. Some displays support these HDR extensions, but may only implement HBR2 transmission mode if the extra bandwidth of HBR3 is unnecessary (for example, on 4K 60 Hz HDR displays). Since there is no definition of what constitutes a "DisplayPort 1.4" device, some manufacturers may choose to label these as "DP 1.2" devices despite their support for DP 1.4 HDR extensions.[52] As a result, DisplayPort "version numbers" should not be used as an indicator of HDR support.

Limits for uncompressed RGB / Y′CBCR 4:4:4 video only
Video Format Transmission Mode / Maximum Data Rate[a]
Shorthand Resolution Refresh
Rate (Hz) 		Data Rate
Required[b]		 RBR HBR HBR2 HBR3 UHBR 10 UHBR 13.5 UHBR 20
5.184 Gbit/s 8.64 Gbit/s 17.28 Gbit/s 25.92 Gbit/s 38.69 Gbit/s 52.22 Gbit/s 77.37 Gbit/s
1080p 1920 × 1080 60 4.00 Gbit/s Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
100 6.80 Gbit/s No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
120 8.24 Gbit/s No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
144 10.00 Gbit/s No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
240 17.50 Gbit/s No No Yes[c] Yes Yes Yes Yes
1440p 2560 × 1440 30 3.47 Gbit/s Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
60 7.04 Gbit/s No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
75 8.86 Gbit/s No Yes[c] Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
120 14.49 Gbit/s No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
144 17.60 Gbit/s No No Yes[c] Yes Yes Yes Yes
200 25.12 Gbit/s No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes
240 30.77 Gbit/s No No No No Yes Yes Yes
4K 3840 × 2160 30 7.73 Gbit/s No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
60 15.68 Gbit/s No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
98 26.07 Gbit/s No No No Yes[c] Yes Yes Yes
120 32.27 Gbit/s No No No No Yes Yes Yes
144 39.19 Gbit/s No No No No Yes[c] Yes Yes
180 49.85 Gbit/s No No No No No Yes Yes
240 68.56 Gbit/s No No No No No No Yes
5K 5120 × 2880 30 13.67 Gbit/s No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
50 22.99 Gbit/s No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes
60 27.72 Gbit/s No No No No Yes Yes Yes
85 39.75 Gbit/s No No No No Yes[c] Yes Yes
100 47.10 Gbit/s No No No No No Yes Yes
120 57.08 Gbit/s No No No No No No Yes
144 69.30 Gbit/s No No No No No No Yes
8K 7680 × 4320 24 24.41 Gbit/s No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes
30 30.60 Gbit/s No No No No Yes Yes Yes
50 51.47 Gbit/s No No No No No Yes Yes
60 62.06 Gbit/s No No No No No No Yes
75 78.13 Gbit/s No No No No No No Yes[c]
RBR HBR HBR2 HBR3 UHBR 10 UHBR 13.5 UHBR 20
Transmission Mode
  1. ^ Only a portion of DisplayPort's bandwidth is used for carrying video data. DisplayPort versions 1.0–1.4a use 8b/10b encoding, which means that 80% of the bits transmitted across the link represent data, and the other 20% are used for encoding purposes. The maximum bandwidth of RBR, HBR, HBR2, and HBR3 (6.48, 10.8, 21.6, and 32.4 Gbit/s) therefore transport video data at rates of 5.184, 8.64, 17.28, and 25.92 Gbit/s. DisplayPort version 2.0 uses 128b/132b encoding, and therefore the maximum bandwidths of UHBR 10, 13.5, and 20 (40, 54, and 80 Gbit/s) transport data at rates of 38.69, 52.22, and 77.37 Gbit/s.
  2. ^ These data rates are for uncompressed 10 bpc (30 bit/px) color depth with RGB or YCBCR 4:4:4 color format and CVT-R2 timing. Uncompressed data rate for RGB video in bits per second is calculated as bits per pixel × pixels per frame × frames per second. Pixels per frame includes blanking intervals as defined by CVT-R2.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g Although this format slightly exceeds the maximum data rate of this transmission mode with CVT-R2 timing, it is close enough to be achieved with non-standard timings
Limits including compression and chroma subsampling
Video Format Transmission Mode / Maximum Data Rate[a]
Shorthand Resolution Refresh
Rate (Hz) 		Data Rate
Required[b]		 RBR HBR HBR2 HBR3 UHBR 10 UHBR 13.5 UHBR 20
5.184 Gbit/s 8.64 Gbit/s 17.28 Gbit/s 25.92 Gbit/s 38.69 Gbit/s 52.22 Gbit/s 77.37 Gbit/s
1080p 1920 × 1080 60 4.00 Gbit/s Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
100 6.80 Gbit/s DSC[c] or 4:2:2[d] Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
120 8.24 Gbit/s DSC or 4:2:0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
144 10.00 Gbit/s DSC or 4:2:0 DSC or 4:2:2 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
240 17.50 Gbit/s DSC + 4:2:2[e] DSC or 4:2:0 Yes[f] Yes Yes Yes Yes
1440p 2560 × 1440 30 3.47 Gbit/s Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
60 7.04 Gbit/s DSC or 4:2:2 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
75 8.86 Gbit/s DSC or 4:2:0 Yes[f] Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
120 14.49 Gbit/s DSC DSC or 4:2:0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
144 17.60 Gbit/s DSC + 4:2:2 DSC or 4:2:0 Yes[f] Yes Yes Yes Yes
200 25.12 Gbit/s DSC + 4:2:0 DSC DSC or 4:2:2 Yes Yes Yes Yes
240 30.77 Gbit/s DSC + 4:2:0 DSC + 4:2:2 DSC or 4:2:0 DSC or 4:2:2 Yes Yes Yes
4K 3840 × 2160 30 7.73 Gbit/s DSC or 4:2:2 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
60 15.68 Gbit/s DSC DSC or 4:2:0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
75 19.74 Gbit/s DSC + 4:2:2 DSC DSC or 4:2:2 Yes Yes Yes Yes
98 26.07 Gbit/s DSC + 4:2:0 DSC DSC or 4:2:2 Yes[f] Yes Yes Yes
120 32.27 Gbit/s No DSC + 4:2:2 DSC or 4:2:0 DSC or 4:2:2 Yes Yes Yes
144 39.19 Gbit/s No DSC + 4:2:2 DSC DSC or 4:2:2 Yes Yes Yes
180 49.85 Gbit/s No DSC + 4:2:0 DSC DSC or 4:2:0 DSC or 4:2:2 Yes Yes
240 68.56 Gbit/s No No DSC + 4:2:2 DSC DSC or 4:2:0 Yes Yes
5K 5120 × 2880 30 13.67 Gbit/s DSC DSC or 4:2:0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
50 22.99 Gbit/s DSC + 4:2:2 DSC DSC or 4:2:2 Yes Yes Yes Yes
60 27.72 Gbit/s DSC + 4:2:0 DSC + 4:2:2 DSC or 4:2:0 DSC or 4:2:2 Yes Yes Yes
100 47.10 Gbit/s No DSC + 4:2:0 DSC DSC or 4:2:0 DSC or 4:2:2 Yes Yes
120 57.08 Gbit/s No No DSC + 4:2:2 DSC DSC or 4:2:2 DSC or 4:2:2 Yes
144 69.30 Gbit/s No No DSC + 4:2:2 DSC DSC or 4:2:0 DSC or 4:2:2 Yes
240 121.23 Gbit/s No No No DSC + 4:2:0 DSC DSC DSC or 4:2:0
8K 7680 × 4320 24 24.41 Gbit/s DSC + 4:2:0 DSC DSC or 4:2:2 Yes Yes Yes Yes
30 30.60 Gbit/s DSC + 4:2:0 DSC + 4:2:2 DSC or 4:2:0 DSC or 4:2:2 Yes Yes Yes
50 51.47 Gbit/s No DSC + 4:2:0 DSC DSC or 4:2:0 DSC or 4:2:2 Yes Yes
60 62.06 Gbit/s No No DSC + 4:2:2 DSC DSC or 4:2:0 DSC or 4:2:2 Yes
75 78.13 Gbit/s No No DSC + 4:2:2 DSC DSC or 4:2:0 DSC or 4:2:2 Yes[f]
120 127.75 Gbit/s No No No DSC + 4:2:0 DSC + 4:2:2 DSC DSC or 4:2:0
144 155.11 Gbit/s No No No DSC + 4:2:0 DSC + 4:2:2 DSC DSC or 4:2:0
240 271.37 Gbit/s No No No No No DSC + 4:2:0 DSC + 4:2:2
RBR HBR HBR2 HBR3 UHBR 10 UHBR 13.5 UHBR 20
Transmission Mode
  1. ^ Only a portion of DisplayPort's bandwidth is used for carrying video data. DisplayPort versions 1.0–1.4a use 8b/10b encoding, which means that 80% of the bits transmitted across the link represent data, and the other 20% are used for encoding purposes. The maximum bandwidth of RBR, HBR, HBR2, and HBR3 (6.48, 10.8, 21.6, and 32.4 Gbit/s) therefore transport video data at rates of 5.184, 8.64, 17.28, and 25.92 Gbit/s. DisplayPort version 2.0 uses 128b/132b encoding, and therefore the maximum bandwidths of UHBR 10, 13.5, and 20 (40, 54, and 80 Gbit/s) transport data at rates of 38.69, 52.22, and 77.37 Gbit/s.
  2. ^ These data rates are for uncompressed 10 bpc (30 bit/px) color depth with RGB or YCBCR 4:4:4 color format and CVT-R2 timing. Uncompressed data rate for RGB video in bits per second is calculated as bits per pixel × pixels per frame × frames per second. Pixels per frame includes blanking intervals as defined by CVT-R2.
  3. ^ This format can only be achieved with full RGB color if DSC (display stream compression) is used.
  4. ^ This format can only be achieved uncompressed if the YCBCR format with either 4:2:2 or 4:2:0 chroma subsampling (as noted) is used
  5. ^ This format can only be achieved if DSC is used together with either YCbCr 4:2:2 or 4:2:0 chroma subsampling (as noted)
  6. ^ a b c d e Although this format slightly exceeds the maximum data rate of this transmission mode with CVT-R2 timing, it is close enough to be achieved with non-standard timings

Features

  DisplayPort version
1.0 1.1–1.1a 1.2–1.2a 1.3 1.4–1.4a 2.0
Hot-pluggable Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Inline audio Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
DisplayPort content
protection (DPCP)		 DPCP 1.0[36]: §1.2.6  DPCP 1.0 DPCP 1.0 DPCP 1.0 DPCP 1.0 DPCP 1.0
High-bandwidth digital
content protection (HDCP)		 No HDCP 1.3[8]: §1.2.6  HDCP 1.3[37]: §1.2.6  HDCP 2.2[19] HDCP 2.2 HDCP 2.2
Dual-mode (DP++) No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Maximum DP++ bandwidth
(TMDS Clock)		 — 4.95 Gbit/s
(165 MHz)		 9.00 Gbit/s
(300 MHz)		 18.00 Gbit/s
(600 MHz)		 18.00 Gbit/s
(600 MHz)		 18.00 Gbit/s
(600 MHz)
Stereoscopic 3D video No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Multi-stream transport (MST) No No Yes Yes Yes Yes
High-dynamic-range video (HDR) No No No No Yes Yes
Display stream compression (DSC) No No No No DSC 1.2 (DP 1.4)
DSC 1.2a (DP 1.4a)		 DSC 1.2a
Panel replay No No No No No Yes[40]

DisplayPort dual-mode (DP++)

 
Dual-mode DisplayPort logo
Dual-mode pin mapping
DisplayPort pins DVI/HDMI mode
Main link lane 0 TMDS channel 2
Main link lane 1 TMDS channel 1
Main link lane 2 TMDS channel 0
Main link lane 3 TMDS clock
AUX CH+ DDC clock
AUX CH− DDC data
DP_PWR DP_PWR
Hot-plug detect Hot-plug detect
Config 1 Cable adapter detect
Config 2 CEC (HDMI only)

DisplayPort Dual-Mode (DP++), also called Dual-Mode DisplayPort, is a standard which allows DisplayPort sources to use simple passive adapters to connect to HDMI or DVI displays. Dual-mode is an optional feature, so not all DisplayPort sources necessarily support DVI/HDMI passive adapters, though in practice nearly all devices do. Officially, the "DP++" logo should be used to indicate a DP port that supports dual-mode, but most modern devices do not use the logo.

Devices which implement dual-mode will detect that a DVI or HDMI adapter is attached, and send DVI/HDMI TMDS signals instead of DisplayPort signals. The original DisplayPort Dual-Mode standard (version 1.0), used in DisplayPort 1.1 devices, only supported TMDS clock speeds of up to 165 MHz (4.95 Gbit/s bandwidth). This is equivalent to HDMI 1.2, and is sufficient for up to 1920 × 1200 at 60 Hz.

In 2013, VESA released the Dual-Mode 1.1 standard, which added support for up to a 300 MHz TMDS clock (9.00 Gbit/s bandwidth), and is used in newer DisplayPort 1.2 devices. This is slightly less than the 340 MHz maximum of HDMI 1.4, and is sufficient for up to 1920 × 1080 at 120 Hz, 2560 × 1440 at 60 Hz, or 3840 × 2160 at 30 Hz. Older adapters, which were only capable of the 165 MHz speed, were retroactively termed "Type 1" adapters, with the new 300 MHz adapters being called "Type 2".[53]

Dual-mode limitations

 
A DisplayPort to DVI adapter after removing its enclosure. The chip on the board converts the voltage levels generated by the dual-mode DisplayPort device to be compatible with a DVI monitor.
  • Limited adapter speed – Although the pinout and digital signal values transmitted by the DP port are identical to a native DVI/HDMI source, the signals are transmitted at DisplayPort's native voltage (3.3 V) instead of the 5 V used by DVI and HDMI. As a result, dual-mode adapters must contain a level-shifter circuit which changes the voltage. The presence of this circuit places a limit on how quickly the adapter can operate, and therefore newer adapters are required for each higher speed added to the standard.
  • Unidirectional – Although the dual-mode standard specifies a method for DisplayPort sources to output DVI/HDMI signals using simple passive adapters, there is no counterpart standard to give DisplayPort displays the ability to receive DVI/HDMI input signals through passive adapters. As a result, DisplayPort displays can only receive native DisplayPort signals; any DVI or HDMI input signals must be converted to the DisplayPort format with an active conversion device. DVI and HDMI sources cannot be connected to DisplayPort displays using passive adapters.
  • Single-link DVI only – Since DisplayPort dual-mode operates by using the pins of the DisplayPort connector to send DVI/HDMI signals, the 20-pin DisplayPort connector can only produce a single-link DVI signal (which uses 19 pins). A dual-link DVI signal uses 25 pins, and is therefore impossible to transmit natively from a DisplayPort connector through a passive adapter. Dual-link DVI signals can only be produced by converting from native DisplayPort output signals with an active conversion device.
  • Unavailable on USB-C – The DisplayPort Alternate Mode specification for sending DisplayPort signals over a USB-C cable does not include support for the dual-mode protocol. As a result, DP-to-DVI and DP-to-HDMI passive adapters do not function when chained from a USB-C to DP adapter.

Multi-Stream Transport (MST)

Multi-Stream Transport is a feature first introduced in the DisplayPort 1.2 standard. It allows multiple independent displays to be driven from a single DP port on the source devices by multiplexing several video streams into a single stream and sending it to a branch device, which demultiplexes the signal into the original streams. Branch devices are commonly found in the form of an MST hub, which plugs into a single DP input port and provides multiple outputs, but it can also be implemented on a display internally to provide a DP output port for daisy-chaining, effectively embedding a 2-port MST hub inside the display.[37]: Fig. 2-59 [54] Theoretically, up to 63 displays can be supported,[37]: 20  but the combined data rate requirements of all the displays cannot exceed the limits of a single DP port (17.28 Gbit/s for a DP 1.2 port, or 25.92 Gbit/s for a DP 1.3/1.4 port). In addition, the maximum number of links between the source and any device (i.e. the maximum length of a daisy-chain) is 7,[37]: §2.5.2  and the maximum number of physical output ports on each branch device (such as a hub) is 7.[37]: §2.5.1  With the release of MST, standard single-display operation has been retroactively named "SST" mode (Single-Stream Transport).

Daisy-chaining is a feature that must be specifically supported by each intermediary display; not all DisplayPort 1.2 devices support it. Daisy-chaining requires a dedicated DisplayPort output port on the display. Standard DisplayPort input ports found on most displays cannot be used as a daisy-chain output. Only the last display in the daisy-chain does not need to support the feature specifically or have a DP output port. DisplayPort 1.1 displays can also be connected to MST hubs, and can be part of a DisplayPort daisy-chain if it is the last display in the chain.[37]: §2.5.1 

The host system's software also needs to support MST for hubs or daisy-chains to work. While Microsoft Windows environments have full support for it, Apple operating systems currently do not support MST hubs or DisplayPort daisy-chaining as of macOS 10.15 ("Catalina").[55][56] DisplayPort-to-DVI and DisplayPort-to-HDMI adapters/cables may or may not function from an MST output port; support for this depends on the specific device.[citation needed]

MST is supported by USB Type-C DisplayPort Alternate Mode, so standard DisplayPort daisy-chains and MST hubs do function from Type-C sources with a simple Type-C to DisplayPort adapter.[57]

High dynamic range (HDR)

Main article: High-dynamic-range television

Support for HDR video was introduced in DisplayPort 1.4. It implements the CTA 861.3 standard for transport of static HDR metadata in EDID.[22]

Content protection

DisplayPort 1.0 includes optional DPCP (DisplayPort Content Protection) from Philips, which uses 128-bit AES encryption. It also features full authentication and session key establishment. Each encryption session is independent, and it has an independent revocation system. This portion of the standard is licensed separately. It also adds the ability to verify the proximity of the receiver and transmitter, a technique intended to ensure users are not bypassing the content protection system to send data out to distant, unauthorized users.[8]: §6 

DisplayPort 1.1 added optional implementation of industry-standard 56-bit HDCP (High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection) revision 1.3, which requires separate licensing from the Digital Content Protection LLC.[8]: §1.2.6 

DisplayPort 1.3 added support for HDCP 2.2, which is also used by HDMI 2.0.[19]

Cost

VESA, the creators of the DisplayPort standard, state that the standard is royalty-free to implement. However, in March 2015, MPEG LA issued a press release stating that a royalty rate of $0.20 per unit applies to DisplayPort products manufactured or sold in countries that are covered by one or more of the patents in the MPEG LA license pool, which includes patents from Hitachi Maxell, Philips, Lattice Semiconductor, Rambus, and Sony.[58][59] In response, VESA updated their DisplayPort FAQ page with the following statement:[60]

MPEG LA is making claims that DisplayPort implementation requires a license and a royalty payment. It is important to note that these are only CLAIMS. Whether these CLAIMS are relevant will likely be decided in a US court.

As of August 2019, VESA's official FAQ no longer contains a statement mentioning the MPEG LA royalty fees.

While VESA does not charge any per-device royalty fees, VESA requires membership for access to said standards.[61] The minimum cost is presently $5,000 (or $10,000 depending on Annual Corporate Sales Revenue) annually.[62]

Advantages over DVI, VGA and FPD-Link

In December 2010, several computer vendors and display makers including Intel, AMD, Dell, Lenovo, Samsung and LG announced they would begin phasing out FPD-Link, VGA, and DVI-I over the next few years, replacing them with DisplayPort and HDMI.[63][64][65]

DisplayPort has several advantages over VGA, DVI, and FPD-Link.[66]

  • Standard available to all VESA members[dubious – discuss] with an extensible standard to help broad adoption[67]
  • Fewer lanes with embedded self-clock, reduced EMI with data scrambling and spread spectrum mode
  • Based on a micro-packet protocol
    • Allows easy expansion of the standard with multiple data types
    • Flexible allocation of available bandwidth between audio and video
    • Multiple video streams over single physical connection (version 1.2)
    • Long-distance transmission over alternative physical media such as optical fiber (version 1.1a)
  • High-resolution displays and multiple displays with a single connection, via a hub or daisy-chaining[68]
    • HBR2 mode with 17.28 Gbit/s of effective video bandwidth allows four simultaneous 1080p60 displays (CEA-861 timings), two 2560 × 1600 × 30 bit @ 120 Hz (CVT-R timings), or 4K UHD @ 60 Hz[note 1]
    • HBR3 mode with 25.92 Gbit/s of effective video bandwidth, using CVT-R2 timings, allows eight simultaneous 1080p displays (1920 × 1080) @ 60 Hz, stereoscopic 4K UHD (3840 × 2160) @ 120 Hz, or 5120 × 2880 @ 60 Hz each using 24 bit RGB, and up to 8K UHD (7680 × 4320) @ 60 Hz using 4:2:0 subsampling[69]
  • Designed to work for internal chip-to-chip communication
    • Aimed at replacing internal FPD-Link links to display panels with a unified link interface
    • Compatible with low-voltage signaling used with sub-micron CMOS fabrication
    • Can drive display panels directly, eliminating scaling and control circuits and allowing for cheaper and slimmer displays
  • Link training with adjustable amplitude and preemphasis adapts to differing cable lengths and signal quality
    • Reduced bandwidth transmission for 15-metre (49 ft) cable, at least 1920 × 1080p @ 60 Hz at 24 bits per pixel
    • Full bandwidth transmission for 3 metres (9.8 ft)
  • High-speed auxiliary channel for DDC, EDID, MCCS, DPMS, HDCP, adapter identification etc. traffic
    • Can be used for transmitting bi-directional USB, touch-panel data, CEC, etc.
  • Self-latching connector

Comparison with HDMI

Although DisplayPort has much of the same functionality as HDMI, it is a complementary connection used in different scenarios.[70][71] A dual-mode DisplayPort port can emit an HDMI signal via a passive adapter.

  • As of 2008, HDMI Licensing, LLC charged an annual fee of US$10,000 to each high-volume manufacturer and a per-unit royalty rate of US$0.04 to US$0.15.[72][needs update] DisplayPort is royalty-free, but implementers thereof are not prevented from charging (royalty or otherwise) for that implementation.[73]
  • DisplayPort 1.2 has more bandwidth at 21.6 Gbit/s[74] (17.28 Gbit/s with overhead removed) as opposed to HDMI 2.0's 18 Gbit/s[75] (14.4 Gbit/s with overhead removed).
  • DisplayPort 1.3 raises that to 32.4 Gbit/s (25.92 Gbit/s with overhead removed), and HDMI 2.1 raises that up to 48 Gbit/s (42.67 Gbit/s with overhead removed), adding an additional TMDS link in place of clock lane. DisplayPort also has the ability to share this bandwidth with multiple streams of audio and video to separate devices.
  • DisplayPort has historically had higher bandwidth than the HDMI standard available at the same time. The only exception is from HDMI 2.1 (2017) having higher transmission bandwidth @48 Gbit/s than DisplayPort 1.3 (2014) @32.4 Gbit/s. DisplayPort 2.0 (2019) retook transmission bandwidth superiority @80.0 Gbit/s.
  • DisplayPort in native mode lacks some HDMI features such as Consumer Electronics Control (CEC) commands. The CEC bus allows linking multiple sources with a single display and controlling any of these devices from any remote.[8][76][77] DisplayPort 1.3 added the possibility of transmitting CEC commands over the AUX channel[78] From its very first version HDMI features CEC to support connecting multiple sources to a single display as is typical for a TV screen. The other way round, Multi-Stream Transport allows connecting multiple displays to a single computer source. This reflects the facts that HDMI originated from consumer electronics companies whereas DisplayPort is owned by VESA which started as an organization for computer standards.
  • HDMI can accept longer maximum cable length than DisplayPort (30 meters vs 15 meters).[79]
  • HDMI uses unique Vendor-Specific Block structure, which allows for features such as additional color spaces. However, these features can be defined by CEA EDID extensions.[80]
  • Both HDMI and DisplayPort have published specification for transmitting their signal over the USB-C connector. For more details, see USB-C § Alternate Mode partner specifications and List of devices with video output over USB-C.

Market share

Figures from IDC show that 5.1% of commercial desktops and 2.1% of commercial notebooks released in 2009 featured DisplayPort.[63] The main factor behind this was the phase-out of VGA, and that both Intel and AMD planned to stop building products with FPD-Link by 2013. Nearly 70% of LCD monitors sold in August 2014 in the US, UK, Germany, Japan, and China were equipped with HDMI/DisplayPort technology, up 7.5% on the year, according to Digitimes Research.[81] IHS Markit, an analytics firm, forecast that DisplayPort would surpass HDMI in 2019.[82]

Companion standards

Mini DisplayPort

Main article: Mini DisplayPort

Mini DisplayPort (mDP) is a standard announced by Apple in the fourth quarter of 2008. Shortly after announcing Mini DisplayPort, Apple announced that it would license the connector technology with no fee. The following year, in early 2009, VESA announced that Mini DisplayPort would be included in the upcoming DisplayPort 1.2 specification. On 24 February 2011, Apple and Intel announced Thunderbolt, a successor to Mini DisplayPort which adds support for PCI Express data connections while maintaining backwards compatibility with Mini DisplayPort based peripherals.[83]

Micro DisplayPort

Micro DisplayPort would have targeted systems that need ultra-compact connectors, such as phones, tablets and ultra-portable notebook computers. This standard would have been physically smaller than the currently available Mini DisplayPort connectors. The standard was expected to be released by Q2 2014.[84]

DDM

Direct Drive Monitor (DDM) 1.0 standard was approved in December 2008. It allows for controller-less monitors where the display panel is directly driven by the DisplayPort signal, although the available resolutions and color depth are limited to two-lane operation.

Display Stream Compression

Main article: Display Stream Compression

Display Stream Compression (DSC) is a VESA-developed video compression algorithm designed to enable increased display resolutions and frame rates over existing physical interfaces, and make devices smaller and lighter, with longer battery life.[85]

eDP

Embedded DisplayPort (eDP) is a display panel interface standard for portable and embedded devices. It defines the signaling interface between graphics cards and integrated displays. The various revisions of eDP are based on existing DisplayPort standards. However, version numbers between the two standards are not interchangeable. For instance, eDP version 1.4 is based on DisplayPort 1.2, while eDP version 1.4a is based on DisplayPort 1.3. In practice, embedded DisplayPort has displaced LVDS as the predominant panel interface in modern laptops and modern smartphones.

eDP 1.0 was adopted in December 2008.[86] It included advanced power-saving features such as seamless refresh rate switching. Version 1.1 was approved in October 2009 followed by version 1.1a in November 2009. Version 1.2 was approved in May 2010 and includes DisplayPort 1.2 HBR2 data rates, 120 Hz sequential color monitors, and a new display panel control protocol that works through the AUX channel.[12] Version 1.3 was published in February 2011; it includes a new optional Panel Self-Refresh (PSR) feature developed to save system power and further extend battery life in portable PC systems.[87] PSR mode allows the GPU to enter a power saving state in between frame updates by including framebuffer memory in the display panel controller.[12] Version 1.4 was released in February 2013; it reduces power consumption through partial-frame updates in PSR mode, regional backlight control, lower interface voltages, and additional link rates; the auxiliary channel supports multi-touch panel data to accommodate different form factors.[88] Version 1.4a was published in February 2015; the underlying DisplayPort version was updated to 1.3 in order to support HBR3 data rates, Display Stream Compression 1.1, Segmented Panel Displays, and partial updates for Panel Self-Refresh.[89] Version 1.4b was published in October 2015; its protocol refinements and clarifications are intended to enable adoption of eDP 1.4b in devices by mid-2016.[90] Version 1.5 was published in October 2021; adds new features and protocols, including enhanced support for Adaptive-Sync, that provide additional power savings and improved gaming and media playback performance.[91]

iDP

Internal DisplayPort (iDP) 1.0 was approved in April 2010. The iDP standard defines an internal link between a digital TV system on a chip controller and the display panel's timing controller. It aims to replace currently used internal FPD-Link lanes with a DisplayPort connection.[92] iDP features a unique physical interface and protocols, which are not directly compatible with DisplayPort and are not applicable to external connection, however they enable very high resolution and refresh rates while providing simplicity and extensibility.[12] iDP features a non-variable 2.7 GHz clock and is nominally rated at 3.24 Gbit/s per lane, with up to sixteen lanes in a bank, resulting in a six-fold decrease in wiring requirements over FPD-Link for a 1080p24 signal; other data rates are also possible. iDP was built with simplicity in mind so doesn't have an AUX channel, content protection, or multiple streams; it does however have frame sequential and line interleaved stereo 3D.[12]

PDMI

Portable Digital Media Interface (PDMI) is an interconnection between docking stations/display devices and portable media players, which includes 2-lane DisplayPort v1.1a connection. It has been ratified in February 2010 as ANSI/CEA-2017-A.

wDP

Wireless DisplayPort (wDP) enables the bandwidth and feature set of DisplayPort 1.2 for cable-free applications operating in the 60 GHz radio band. It was announced in November 2010 by WiGig Alliance and VESA as a cooperative effort.[93]

SlimPort

 
A SlimPort-to-HDMI adapter, made by Analogix

SlimPort, a brand of Analogix products,[94] complies with Mobility DisplayPort, also known as MyDP, which is an industry standard for a mobile audio/video Interface, providing connectivity from mobile devices to external displays and HDTVs. SlimPort implements the transmission of video up to 4K-UltraHD and up to eight channels of audio over the micro-USB connector to an external converter accessory or display device. SlimPort products support seamless connectivity to DisplayPort, HDMI and VGA displays.[95] The MyDP standard was released in June 2012,[96] and the first product to use SlimPort was Google's Nexus 4 smartphone.[97] Some LG smartphones in LG G series also adopted SlimPort.

SlimPort is an alternative to Mobile High-Definition Link (MHL).[98][99]

DisplayID

Main article: DisplayID

DisplayID is designed to replace the E-EDID standard. DisplayID features variable-length structures which encompass all existing EDID extensions as well as new extensions for 3D displays and embedded displays.

The latest version 1.3 (announced on 23 September 2013) adds enhanced support for tiled display topologies; it allows better identification of multiple video streams, and reports bezel size and locations.[100] As of December 2013, many current 4K displays use a tiled topology, but lack a standard way to report to the video source which tile is left and which is right. These early 4K displays, for manufacturing reasons, typically use two 1920×2160 panels laminated together and are currently generally treated as multiple-monitor setups.[101] DisplayID 1.3 also allows 8K display discovery, and has applications in stereo 3D, where multiple video streams are used.

DockPort

Main article: DockPort

DockPort, formerly known as Lightning Bolt, is an extension to DisplayPort to include USB 3.0 data as well as power for charging portable devices from attached external displays. Originally developed by AMD and Texas Instruments, it has been announced as a VESA specification in 2014.[102]

USB-C

Main article: USB-C

On 22 September 2014, VESA published the DisplayPort Alternate Mode on USB Type-C Connector Standard, a specification on how to send DisplayPort signals over the newly released USB-C connector. One, two or all four of the differential pairs that USB uses for the SuperSpeed bus can be configured dynamically to be used for DisplayPort lanes. In the first two cases, the connector still can carry a full SuperSpeed signal; in the latter case, at least a non-SuperSpeed signal is available. The DisplayPort AUX channel is also supported over the two sideband signals over the same connection; furthermore, USB Power Delivery according to the newly expanded USB-PD 2.0 specification is possible at the same time. This makes the Type-C connector a strict superset of the use-cases envisioned for DockPort, SlimPort, Mini and Micro DisplayPort.[103]

VirtualLink

Main article: VirtualLink

VirtualLink is a proposal that allows the power, video, and data required to drive virtual reality headsets to be delivered over a single USB-C cable.

Products

 
A Dual-mode DisplayPort connector

Since its introduction in 2006, DisplayPort has gained popularity within the computer industry and is featured on many graphic cards, displays, and notebook computers. Dell was the first company to introduce a consumer product with a DisplayPort connector, the Dell UltraSharp 3008WFP, which was released in January 2008.[104] Soon after, AMD and Nvidia released products to support the technology. AMD included support in the Radeon HD 3000 series of graphics cards, while Nvidia first introduced support in the GeForce 9 series starting with the GeForce 9600 GT.[105][106]

 
A Mini DisplayPort connector

Later the same year, Apple introduced several products featuring a Mini DisplayPort.[107] The new connector – proprietary at the time – eventually became part of the DisplayPort standard, however Apple reserves the right to void the license should the licensee "commence an action for patent infringement against Apple".[108] In 2009, AMD followed suit with their Radeon HD 5000 Series of graphics cards, which featured the Mini DisplayPort on the Eyefinity versions in the series.[109]

Nvidia launched NVS 810 with 8 Mini DisplayPort outputs on a single card on 4 November 2015.[110]

Nvidia revealed the GeForce GTX 1080, the world's first graphics card with DisplayPort 1.4 support on 6 May 2016.[111] AMD followed with the Radeon RX 480 to support DisplayPort 1.3/1.4 on 29 June 2016.[112] The Radeon RX 400 Series will support DisplayPort 1.3 HBR and HDR10, dropping the DVI connector(s) in the reference board design.

In February 2017, VESA and Qualcomm announced that DisplayPort Alt Mode video transport will be integrated into the Snapdragon 835 mobile chipset, which powers smartphones, VR/AR head-mounted displays, IP cameras, tablets and mobile PCs.[113]

Support for DisplayPort Alternate Mode over USB-C

See also: USB-C § Hardware support
 
A Samsung Galaxy S8 plugged into a DeX docking station: The monitor is displaying the PowerPoint and Word Android applications.

Currently, DisplayPort is the most widely implemented alternate mode, and is used to provide video output on devices that do not have standard-size DisplayPort or HDMI ports, such as smartphones, tablets, and laptops. A USB-C multiport adapter converts the device's native video stream to DisplayPort/HDMI/VGA, allowing it to be displayed on an external display, such as a television set or computer monitor.

Examples of devices that support DisplayPort Alternate Mode over USB-C include: MacBook, Chromebook Pixel, Surface Book 2, Samsung Galaxy Tab S4, iPad Pro (3rd generation), HTC 10/U Ultra/U11/U12+, Huawei Mate 10/20/30, LG V20/V30/V40*/V50, OnePlus 7 and newer, ROG Phone, Samsung Galaxy S8 and newer, Sony Xperia 1/5 etc.[114][115]

Participating companies

The following companies have participated in preparing the drafts of DisplayPort, eDP, iDP, DDM or DSC standards:

The following companies have additionally announced their intention to implement DisplayPort, eDP or iDP:

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Dual-link DVI is limited in resolution and speed by the quality and therefore the bandwidth of the DVI cable, the quality of the transmitter, and the quality of the receiver; can only drive one monitor at a time; and cannot send audio data. HDMI 1.3 and 1.4 are limited to effectively 8.16 Gbit/s or 340 MHz (though actual devices are limited to 225–300 MHz[citation needed]), and can only drive one monitor at a time. VGA connectors have no defined maximum resolution or speed, but their analog nature limits their bandwidth, though can provide long cabling only limited by appropriate shielding.

References

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External links

  • DisplayPort   – the official site operated by VESA

March 07, 2023
displayport, digital, display, interface, developed, consortium, chip, manufacturers, standardized, video, electronics, standards, association, vesa, primarily, used, connect, video, source, display, device, such, computer, monitor, also, carry, audio, other, . DisplayPort DP is a digital display interface developed by a consortium of PC and chip manufacturers and standardized by the Video Electronics Standards Association VESA It is primarily used to connect a video source to a display device such as a computer monitor It can also carry audio USB and other forms of data 1 DisplayPortTypeDigital audio video connectorProduction historyDesignerVESADesignedMay 2006ManufacturerVariousProduced2008 presentSupersededDVI VGA SCART RGB ComponentSuperseded byNoneGeneral specificationsLengthVariousHot pluggableYesExternalYesAudio signalOptional 1 8 channels 16 or 24 bit linear PCM 32 192 kHz sampling rate maximum bitrate 36 864 kbit s 4 608 kB s Video signalOptional maximum resolution limited by available bandwidthPins20 pins for external connectors on desktops notebooks graphics cards monitors etc and 30 20 pins for internal connections between graphics engines and built in flat panels ElectricalSignal 3 3 VMax voltage16 0 VMax current0 5 ADataData signalYesBitrate1 62 2 7 5 4 8 1 or 20 Gbit s data rate per lane 1 2 or 4 lanes effective total 5 184 8 64 17 28 25 92 or 77 37 Gbit s for 4 lane link 2 or 720 Mbit s effectively 1 or 576 Mbit s for the auxiliary channel ProtocolMicro packetPinoutExternal connector source side on PCBPin 1ML Lane 0 p a Lane 0 Pin 2GNDGroundPin 3ML Lane 0 n a Lane 0 Pin 4ML Lane 1 p a Lane 1 Pin 5GNDGroundPin 6ML Lane 1 n a Lane 1 Pin 7ML Lane 2 p a Lane 2 Pin 8GNDGroundPin 9ML Lane 2 n a Lane 2 Pin 10ML Lane 3 p a Lane 3 Pin 11GNDGroundPin 12ML Lane 3 n a Lane 3 Pin 13CONFIG1Connected to ground b Pin 14CONFIG2Connected to ground b Pin 15AUX CH p Auxiliary channel Pin 16GNDGroundPin 17AUX CH n Auxiliary channel Pin 18Hot plugHot plug detectPin 19ReturnReturn for powerPin 20DP PWRPower for connector 3 3 V 500 mA a b c d e f g h This is the pinout for source side connector the sink side connector pinout will have lanes 0 3 reversed in order i e lane 3 will be on pin 1 n and 3 p while lane 0 will be on pin 10 n and 12 p a b Pins 13 and 14 may either be directly connected to ground or connected to ground through a pulldown device DisplayPort connector A DisplayPort port top right near an Ethernet port and a USB port DisplayPort was designed to replace VGA FPD Link and Digital Visual Interface DVI It is backward compatible with other interfaces such as HDMI and DVI through the use of either active or passive adapters 2 It is the first display interface to rely on packetized data transmission a form of digital communication found in technologies such as Ethernet USB and PCI Express It permits the use of internal and external display connections Unlike legacy standards that transmit a clock signal with each output its protocol is based on small data packets known as micro packets which can embed the clock signal in the data stream allowing higher resolution using fewer pins 3 The use of data packets also makes it extensible meaning more features can be added over time without significant changes to the physical interface 4 DisplayPort can be used to transmit audio and video simultaneously although each can be transmitted without the other The video signal path can range from six to sixteen bits per color channel and the audio path can have up to eight channels of 24 bit 192 kHz uncompressed PCM audio 1 A bidirectional half duplex auxiliary channel carries device management and device control data for the Main Link such as VESA EDID MCCS and DPMS standards The interface is also capable of carrying bidirectional USB signals 5 The interface uses a differential signal that is not compatible with DVI or HDMI However dual mode DisplayPort ports are designed to transmit a single link DVI or HDMI protocol TMDS across the interface through the use of an external passive adapter enabling compatibility mode and converting the signal from 3 3 to 5 volts For analog VGA YPbPr and dual link DVI a powered active adapter is required for compatibility and does not rely on dual mode Active VGA adapters are powered directly by the DisplayPort connector while active dual link DVI adapters typically rely on an external power source such as USB Contents 1 Versions 1 1 1 0 to 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 3 1 2a 1 4 1 3 1 5 1 4 1 6 1 4a 1 7 2 0 1 7 1 DP 2 0 configuration examples 1 8 2 1 2 Specifications 2 1 Main specifications 2 1 1 Main link 2 1 2 Auxiliary channel 3 Cables and connectors 3 1 Cables 3 1 1 Compatibility and feature support 3 1 2 Cable bandwidth and certifications 3 1 3 Cable length 3 2 Connectors and pin configuration 3 2 1 Full size DisplayPort connector 3 2 2 Mini DisplayPort connector 3 2 3 DP PWR pin 20 4 Resolution and refresh frequency limits 4 1 Refresh frequency limits for common resolutions 4 2 Refresh frequency limits for standard video 4 3 Refresh frequency limits for HDR video 5 Features 5 1 DisplayPort dual mode DP 5 1 1 Dual mode limitations 5 2 Multi Stream Transport MST 5 3 High dynamic range HDR 5 4 Content protection 6 Cost 7 Advantages over DVI VGA and FPD Link 8 Comparison with HDMI 9 Market share 10 Companion standards 10 1 Mini DisplayPort 10 2 Micro DisplayPort 10 3 DDM 10 4 Display Stream Compression 10 5 eDP 10 6 iDP 10 7 PDMI 10 8 wDP 10 9 SlimPort 10 10 DisplayID 10 11 DockPort 10 12 USB C 10 13 VirtualLink 11 Products 11 1 Support for DisplayPort Alternate Mode over USB C 12 Participating companies 13 See also 14 Notes 15 References 16 External linksVersions Edit1 0 to 1 1 Edit The first version 1 0 was approved by VESA on 3 May 2006 6 Version 1 1 was ratified on 2 April 2007 7 and version 1 1a was ratified on 11 January 2008 8 DisplayPort 1 0 1 1a allow a maximum bandwidth of 10 8 Gbit s 8 64 Gbit s data rate over a standard 4 lane main link DisplayPort cables up to 2 meters in length are required to support the full 10 8 Gbit s bandwidth 8 DisplayPort 1 1 allows devices to implement alternative link layers such as fiber optic allowing a much longer reach between source and display without signal degradation 9 although alternative implementations are not standardized It also includes HDCP in addition to DisplayPort Content Protection DPCP The DisplayPort 1 1a standard can be downloaded for free from the VESA website 10 1 2 Edit DisplayPort version 1 2 was introduced on 7 January 2010 11 The most significant improvement of this version is the doubling of the data rate to 17 28 Gbit s in High Bit Rate 2 HBR2 mode which allows increased resolutions higher refresh rates and greater color depth such as 3840 2160 at 60 Hz 10 bpc RGB Other improvements include multiple independent video streams daisy chain connection with multiple monitors called Multi Stream Transport MST facilities for stereoscopic 3D increased AUX channel bandwidth from 1 Mbit s to 720 Mbit s more color spaces including xvYCC scRGB and Adobe RGB 1998 and Global Time Code GTC for sub 1 ms audio video synchronisation Also Apple Inc s Mini DisplayPort connector which is much smaller and designed for laptop computers and other small devices is compatible with the new standard 1 12 13 14 1 2a Edit DisplayPort version 1 2a was released in January 2013 15 and may optionally include VESA s Adaptive Sync 16 AMD s FreeSync uses the DisplayPort Adaptive Sync feature for operation FreeSync was first demonstrated at CES 2014 on a Toshiba Satellite laptop by making use of the Panel Self Refresh PSR feature from the Embedded DisplayPort standard 17 and after a proposal from AMD VESA later adapted the Panel Self Refresh feature for use in standalone displays and added it as an optional feature of the main DisplayPort standard under the name Adaptive Sync in version 1 2a 18 As it is an optional feature support for Adaptive Sync is not required for a display to be DisplayPort 1 2a compliant 1 3 Edit DisplayPort version 1 3 was approved on 15 September 2014 19 This standard increases overall transmission bandwidth to 32 4 Gbit s with the new HBR3 mode featuring 8 1 Gbit s per lane up from 5 4 Gbit s with HBR2 in version 1 2 for a total data throughput of 25 92 Gbit s after factoring in 8b 10b encoding overhead This bandwidth is enough for a 4K UHD display 3840 2160 at 120 Hz with 24 bit px RGB color a 5K display 5120 2880 at 60 Hz with 30 bit px RGB color or an 8K UHD display 7680 4320 at 30 Hz with 24 bit px RGB color Using Multi Stream Transport MST a DisplayPort port can drive two 4K UHD 3840 2160 displays at 60 Hz or up to four WQXGA 2560 1600 displays at 60 Hz with 24 bit px RGB color The new standard includes mandatory Dual mode for DVI and HDMI adapters implementing the HDMI 2 0 standard and HDCP 2 2 content protection 20 The Thunderbolt 3 connection standard was originally to include DisplayPort 1 3 capability but the final release ended up with only version 1 2 The VESA s Adaptive Sync feature in DisplayPort version 1 3 remains an optional part of the specification 21 1 4 Edit DisplayPort version 1 4 was published 1 March 2016 22 No new transmission modes are defined so HBR3 32 4 Gbit s as introduced in version 1 3 still remains as the highest available mode DisplayPort 1 4 adds support for Display Stream Compression 1 2 DSC Forward Error Correction HDR10 metadata defined in CTA 861 3 including static and dynamic metadata and the Rec 2020 color space for HDMI interoperability 23 and extends the maximum number of inline audio channels to 32 24 1 4a Edit DisplayPort version 1 4a was published in April 2018 25 VESA made no official press release for this version It updated DisplayPort s DSC implementation from DSC 1 2 to 1 2a 26 2 0 Edit On 26 June 2019 VESA formally released the DisplayPort 2 0 standard VESA stated that version 2 0 is the first major update to the DisplayPort standard since March 2016 and provides up to a 3 improvement in data rate from 25 92 to 77 37 Gbit s compared to the previous version of DisplayPort 1 4a as well as new capabilities to address the future performance requirements of traditional displays These include beyond 8K resolutions higher refresh rates and high dynamic range HDR support at higher resolutions improved support for multiple display configurations as well as improved user experience with augmented virtual reality AR VR displays including support for 4K and beyond VR resolutions Products incorporating DisplayPort 2 0 are not projected by VESA to appear on the market until later in 2021 27 28 According to a roadmap published by VESA in September 2016 a new version of DisplayPort was intended to be launched in early 2017 It would have improved the link rate from 8 1 to 10 0 Gbit s a 23 increase 29 30 This would have increased the total bandwidth from 32 4 Gbit s to 40 0 Gbit s However no new version was released in 2017 likely delayed to make further improvements after the HDMI Forum announced in January 2017 that their next standard HDMI 2 1 would offer up to 48 Gbit s of bandwidth According to a press release on 3 January 2018 VESA is also currently engaged with its members in the development of the next DisplayPort standard generation with plans to increase the data rate enabled by DisplayPort by two fold and beyond VESA plans to publish this update within the next 18 months 31 At CES 2019 VESA announced that the new version would support 8K 60 Hz without compression and was expected to be released in the first half of 2019 32 DP 2 0 configuration examples Edit With the increased bandwidth enabled by DisplayPort 2 0 VESA offers a high degree of versatility and configurations for higher display resolutions and refresh rates In addition to the above mentioned 8K resolution at 60 Hz with HDR support UHBR20 through USB C as DisplayPort Alt Mode enables a variety of high performance configurations Single display resolutions One 16K 15360 8640 display 60 Hz with 10 bpc 30 bit px HDR RGB Y CBCR 4 4 4 color with DSC One 10K 10240 4320 display 60 Hz and 8 bpc 24 bit px SDR RGB Y CBCR 4 4 4 color uncompressed Dual display resolutions Two 8K 7680 4320 displays 120 Hz and 10 bpc 30 bit px HDR RGB Y CBCR 4 4 4 color with DSC Two 4K 3840 2160 displays 144 Hz and 8 bpc 24 bit px SDR RGB Y CBCR 4 4 4 color uncompressed Triple display resolutions Three 10K 10240 4320 displays 60 Hz and 10 bpc 30 bit px HDR RGB Y CBCR 4 4 4 color with DSC Three 4K 3840 2160 displays 90 Hz and 10 bpc 30 bit px HDR RGB Y CBCR 4 4 4 color uncompressed When using only two lanes on the USB C connector via DP Alt Mode to allow for simultaneous SuperSpeed USB data and video DP 2 0 can enable such configurations as 28 Three 4K 3840 2160 displays 144 Hz and 10 bpc 30 bit px HDR RGB Y CBCR 4 4 4 color with DSC Two 4K 4K 4096 4096 displays for AR VR headsets 120 Hz and 10 bpc 30 bit px HDR RGB Y CBCR 4 4 4 color with DSC Three QHD 2560 1440 120 Hz and 8 bpc 24 bit px SDR RGB Y CBCR 4 4 4 color uncompressed One 8K 7680 4320 display 30 Hz and 10 bpc 30 bit px HDR RGB Y CBCR 4 4 4 color uncompressed 2 1 Edit VESA announced version 2 1 of the DisplayPort standard on 17 October 2022 33 This version incorporates the new DP40 and DP80 cable certifications which test DisplayPort cables for proper operation at the UHBR10 40 Gbit s and UHBR20 80 Gbit s speeds introduced in version 2 0 Additionally it revises some of the electrical requirements for DisplayPort devices in order to improve integration with USB4 In VESA s words DisplayPort 2 1 has tightened its alignment with the USB Type C specification as well as the USB4 PHY specification to facilitate a common PHY servicing both DisplayPort and USB4 In addition DisplayPort 2 1 has added a new DisplayPort bandwidth management feature to enable DisplayPort tunneling to coexist with other I O data traffic more efficiently over the USB4 link Specifications EditMain specifications Edit DisplayPort version1 0 1 1a 1 2 1 2a 1 3 1 4 1 4a 2 0 2 1Release date May 2006 1 0 34 Mar 2007 1 1 35 Jan 2008 1 1a 8 Jan 2010 1 2 11 May 2012 1 2a 35 Sep 2014 19 Mar 2016 1 4 22 Apr 2018 1 4a 25 Jun 2019 2 0 28 Oct 2022 2 1 33 Main linkTransmission modes RBR 1 62 Gbit s per lane Yes 36 1 6 1 Yes Yes Yes YesHBR 2 70 Gbit s per lane Yes 36 1 6 1 Yes Yes Yes YesHBR2 5 40 Gbit s per lane No Yes 37 2 1 1 Yes Yes YesHBR3 8 10 Gbit s per lane No No Yes 19 Yes YesUHBR 10 10 0 Gbit s per lane No No No No YesUHBR 13 5 13 5 Gbit s per lane No No No No YesUHBR 20 20 0 Gbit s per lane No No No No YesNumber of lanes 8 1 7 1 4 4 4 4 4Maximum total bandwidth a 10 80 Gbit s 21 60 Gbit s 32 40 Gbit s 32 40 Gbit s 80 00 Gbit sMaximum total data rate b 8 64 Gbit s 17 28 Gbit s 25 92 Gbit s 25 92 Gbit s 77 37 Gbit sEncoding scheme c 8 1 7 1 8b 10b 8b 10b 8b 10b 8b 10b 128b 132bCompression optional DSC 1 2 DP 1 4 DSC 1 2a DP 1 4a DSC 1 2aAuxiliary channelMaximum bandwidth 8 Fig 3 3 2 Mbit s 37 3 4 720 Mbit s 2 Mbit s 2 Mbit s 2 Mbit sMaximum data rate 8 3 4 1 Mbit s 37 3 4 576 Mbit s 1 Mbit s 1 Mbit s 1 Mbit sEncoding scheme 8 1 7 2 Manchester II 37 3 4 8b 10b Manchester II Manchester II Manchester IIColor format supportRGB Yes 36 1 6 1 Yes Yes Yes YesY CBCR 4 4 4 Yes 36 1 6 1 Yes Yes Yes YesY CBCR 4 2 2 Yes 36 1 6 1 Yes Yes Yes YesY CBCR 4 2 0 No No Yes Yes YesY only monochrome No Yes 37 2 2 4 3 Yes Yes YesColor depth support0 6 bpc 18 bit px Yes 36 1 6 1 Yes Yes Yes Yes0 8 bpc 24 bit px Yes 36 1 6 1 Yes Yes Yes Yes10 bpc 30 bit px Yes 36 1 6 1 Yes Yes Yes Yes12 bpc 36 bit px Yes 36 1 6 1 Yes Yes Yes Yes16 bpc 48 bit px Yes 36 1 6 1 Yes Yes Yes YesColor space supportITU R BT 601 Yes 8 2 2 4 Yes Yes Yes YesITU R BT 709 Yes 8 2 2 4 Yes Yes Yes YessRGB No d Yes 37 2 2 4 3 Yes Yes YesscRGB No Yes 37 2 2 4 3 Yes Yes YesxvYCC No Yes 37 2 2 4 3 Yes Yes YesAdobe RGB 1998 No Yes 37 2 2 4 3 Yes Yes YesDCI P3 No Yes 37 2 2 4 3 Yes Yes YesSimplified color profile No Yes 37 2 2 4 3 Yes Yes YesITU R BT 2020 No No Yes 38 4 Yes YesAudio specificationsMax sample rate 8 1 2 5 192 kHz 37 2 2 5 3 768 kHz 768 kHz 22 1536 kHz Max sample size 8 1 2 5 24 bits 24 bits 24 bits 24 bits Maximum audio channels 8 1 2 5 8 8 8 32 1 0 1 1a 1 2 1 2a 1 3 1 4 1 4a 2 0 2 1DisplayPort version Total bandwidth the number of binary digits transmitted per second is equal to the bandwidth per lane of the highest supported transmission mode multiplied by the number of lanes While the total bandwidth represents the number of physical bits transmitted across the interface not all of the bits represent video data Some of the transmitted bits are used for encoding purposes so the rate at which video data can be transmitted across the DisplayPort interface is only a portion of the total bandwidth The 8b 10b encoding scheme uses 10 bits of bandwidth to send 8 bits of data so only 80 of the bandwidth is available for data throughput The extra 2 bits are used for DC balancing ensuring a roughly equal number of 1s and 0s They consume bandwidth but do not represent any data In DisplayPort 1 0 1 1a RGB images are simply sent without any specific colorimetry information Main link Edit The DisplayPort main link is used for transmission of video and audio The main link consists of a number of unidirectional serial data channels which operate concurrently called lanes A standard DisplayPort connection has 4 lanes though some applications of DisplayPort implement more such as the Thunderbolt 3 interface which implements up to 8 lanes of DisplayPort 39 4 In a standard DisplayPort connection each lane has a dedicated set of twisted pair wires and transmits data across it using differential signaling This is a self clocking system so no dedicated clock signal channel is necessary 8 1 7 1 Unlike DVI and HDMI which vary their transmission speed to the exact rate required for the specific video format DisplayPort only operates at a few specific speeds any excess bits in the transmission are filled with stuffing symbols 8 2 2 1 4 In DisplayPort versions 1 0 1 4a the data is encoded using ANSI 8b 10b encoding prior to transmission With this scheme only 8 out of every 10 transmitted bits represent data the extra bits are used for DC balancing ensuring a roughly equal number of 1s and 0s As a result the rate at which data can be transmitted is only 80 of the physical bitrate The transmission speeds are also sometimes expressed in terms of the Link Symbol Rate which is the rate at which these 8b 10b encoded symbols are transmitted i e the rate at which groups of 10 bits are transmitted 8 of which represent data The following transmission modes are defined in version 1 0 1 4a RBR Reduced Bit Rate 1 62 Gbit s bandwidth per lane 162 MHz link symbol rate HBR High Bit Rate 2 70 Gbit s bandwidth per lane 270 MHz link symbol rate HBR2 High Bit Rate 2 5 40 Gbit s bandwidth per lane 540 MHz link symbol rate introduced in DP 1 2 HBR3 High Bit Rate 3 8 10 Gbit s bandwidth per lane 810 MHz link symbol rate introduced in DP 1 3DisplayPort 2 0 uses 128b 132b encoding each group of 132 transmitted bits represents 128 bits of data This scheme has an efficiency of 96 96 40 In addition a small amount of overhead is added for the link layer control packet and other miscellaneous operations resulting in an overall efficiency of 96 7 41 3 5 2 18 The following transmission modes are added in DP 2 0 UHBR 10 Ultra High Bit Rate 10 10 0 Gbit s bandwidth per lane UHBR 13 5 Ultra High Bit Rate 13 5 13 5 Gbit s bandwidth per lane UHBR 20 Ultra High Bit Rate 20 20 0 Gbit s bandwidth per laneThe total bandwidth of the main link in a standard 4 lane connection is the aggregate of all lanes RBR 0 4 1 62 Gbit s 0 6 48 Gbit s bandwidth data rate of 5 184 Gbit s or 648 MB s with 8b 10b encoding HBR 0 4 2 70 Gbit s 10 80 Gbit s bandwidth data rate of 8 64 Gbit s or 1 08 GB s HBR2 4 5 40 Gbit s 21 60 Gbit s bandwidth data rate of 17 28 Gbit s or 2 16 GB s HBR3 4 8 10 Gbit s 32 40 Gbit s bandwidth data rate of 25 92 Gbit s or 3 24 GB s UHBR 10 4 10 0 Gbit s 40 00 Gbit s bandwidth data rate of 38 69 Gbit s or 4 84 GB s with 128b 132b encoding and FEC UHBR 13 5 4 13 5 Gbit s 54 00 Gbit s bandwidth data rate of 52 22 Gbit s or 6 52 GB s UHBR 20 4 20 0 Gbit s 80 00 Gbit s bandwidth data rate of 77 37 Gbit s or 9 69 GB s The transmission mode used by the DisplayPort main link is negotiated by the source and sink device when a connection is made through a process called Link Training This process determines the maximum possible speed of the connection If the quality of the DisplayPort cable is insufficient to reliably handle HBR2 speeds for example the DisplayPort devices will detect this and switch down to a lower mode to maintain a stable connection 8 2 1 1 The link can be re negotiated at any time if a loss of synchronization is detected 8 1 7 3 Audio data is transmitted across the main link during the video blanking intervals short pauses between each line and frame of video data 8 2 2 5 3 Auxiliary channel Edit The DisplayPort AUX channel is a half duplex bidirectional data channel used for miscellaneous additional data beyond video and audio such as EDID I2C or CEC commands 8 2 4 This bidirectional data channel is required since the video lane signals are unidirectional from source to display AUX signals are transmitted across a dedicated set of twisted pair wires DisplayPort 1 0 specified Manchester encoding with a 2 Mbaud signal rate 1 Mbit s data rate 8 3 4 Version 1 2 of the DisplayPort standard introduced a second transmission mode called FAUX Fast AUX which operated at 720 Mbaud with 8b 10b encoding 576 Mbit s data rate 37 3 4 but it was deprecated in version 1 3 Cables and connectors EditCables Edit Compatibility and feature support Edit All DisplayPort cables are compatible with all DisplayPort devices regardless of the version of each device or the cable certification level 42 All features of DisplayPort will function across any DisplayPort cable DisplayPort does not have multiple cable designs all DP cables have the same basic layout and wiring and will support any feature including audio daisy chaining G Sync FreeSync HDR and DSC DisplayPort cables differ in their transmission speed support DisplayPort specifies seven different transmission modes RBR HBR HBR2 HBR3 UHBR 10 UHBR 13 5 and UHBR 20 which support progressively higher bandwidths Not all DisplayPort cables are capable of all seven transmission modes VESA offers certifications for various levels of bandwidth These certifications are optional and not all DisplayPort cables are certified by VESA Cables with limited transmission speed are still compatible with all DisplayPort devices but may place limits on the maximum resolution or refresh rate available DisplayPort cables are not classified by version Although cables are commonly labeled with version numbers with HBR2 cables advertised as DisplayPort 1 2 cables for example this notation is not permitted by VESA 42 The use of version numbers with cables can falsely imply that a DisplayPort 1 4 display requires a DisplayPort 1 4 cable or that features introduced in version 1 4 such as HDR or DSC will not function with older DP 1 2 cables DisplayPort cables are classified only by their bandwidth certification level RBR HBR HBR2 HBR3 etc if they have been certified at all Cable bandwidth and certifications Edit Not all DisplayPort cables are capable of functioning at the highest levels of bandwidth Cables may be submitted to VESA for an optional certification at various bandwidth levels VESA offers four levels of cable certification Standard DP8K DP40 and DP80 41 4 1 These certify DisplayPort cables for proper operation at the following speeds DisplayPort cable certifications Transmission mode Transmissionbit rate Minimum required cable certificationRBR Reduced Bit Rate 6 48 Gbit s Standard VESA certified DisplayPort cableHBR High Bit Rate 10 80 Gbit sHBR2 High Bit Rate 2 21 60 Gbit sHBR3 High Bit Rate 3 32 40 Gbit s DP8K DisplayPort cableUHBR10 Ultra High Bit Rate 10 40 00 Gbit s DP40 cableUHBR13 5 Ultra High Bit Rate 13 5 54 00 Gbit s DP80 cableUHBR20 Ultra High Bit Rate 20 80 00 Gbit sIn April 2013 VESA published an article stating that the DisplayPort cable certification did not have distinct tiers for HBR and HBR2 bandwidth and that any certified standard DisplayPort cable including those certified under DisplayPort 1 1 would be able to handle the 21 6 Gbit s bandwidth of HBR2 that was introduced with the DisplayPort 1 2 standard 42 The DisplayPort 1 2 standard defines only a single specification for High Bit Rate cable assemblies which is used for both HBR and HBR2 speeds although the DP cable certification process is governed by the DisplayPort PHY Compliance Test Standard CTS and not the DisplayPort standard itself 37 5 7 1 4 1 The DP8K certification was announced by VESA in January 2018 and certifies cables for proper operation at HBR3 speeds 8 1 Gbit s per lane 32 4 Gbit s total 43 In June 2019 with the release of version 2 0 of the DisplayPort Standard VESA announced that the DP8K certification was also sufficient for the new UHBR10 transmission mode No new certifications were announced for the UHBR13 5 and UHBR20 modes VESA is encouraging displays to use tethered cables for these speeds rather than releasing standalone cables onto the market 40 It should also be noted that the use of Display Stream Compression DSC introduced in DisplayPort 1 4 greatly reduces the bandwidth requirements for the cable Formats which would normally be beyond the limits of DisplayPort 1 4 such as 4K 3840 2160 at 144 Hz 8 bpc RGB Y CBCR 4 4 4 31 4 Gbit s data rate when uncompressed can only be implemented by using DSC This would reduce the physical bandwidth requirements by 2 3 placing it well within the capabilities of an HBR2 rated cable This exemplifies why DisplayPort cables are not classified by version although DSC was introduced in version 1 4 this does not mean it needs a so called DP 1 4 cable an HBR3 rated cable to function HBR3 cables are only required for applications which exceed HBR2 level bandwidth not simply any application involving DisplayPort 1 4 If DSC is used to reduce the bandwidth requirements to HBR2 levels then an HBR2 rated cable will be sufficient In version 2 1 VESA introduced the DP40 and DP80 cable certification tiers which validate cables for UHBR10 and UHBR20 speeds respectively Cable length Edit The DisplayPort standard does not specify any maximum length for cables though the DisplayPort 1 2 standard does set a minimum requirement that all cables up to 2 meters in length must support HBR2 speeds 21 6 Gbit s and all cables of any length must support RBR speeds 6 48 Gbit s 37 5 7 1 4 1 Cables longer than 2 meters may or may not support HBR HBR2 speeds and cables of any length may or may not support HBR3 speeds or above Connectors and pin configuration Edit DisplayPort output on a computer DisplayPort cables and ports may have either a full size connector or a mini connector These connectors differ only in physical shape the capabilities of DisplayPort are the same regardless of which connector is used Using a Mini DisplayPort connector does not affect performance or feature support of the connection Full size DisplayPort connector Edit The standard DisplayPort connector now referred to as a full size connector to distinguish it from the mini connector 37 4 1 1 was the sole connector type introduced in DisplayPort 1 0 It is a 20 pin single orientation connector with a friction lock and an optional mechanical latch The standard DisplayPort receptacle has dimensions of 16 10 mm width 4 76 mm height 8 88 mm depth 8 4 2 1 7 p201 The standard DisplayPort connector pin allocation is as follows 8 4 2 1 12 pins for the main link the main link consists of four shielded twisted pairs Each pair requires 3 pins one for each of the two wires and a third for the shield 8 4 1 2 p183 pins 1 12 2 additional ground pins pins 13 and 14 3 pins for the auxiliary channel the auxiliary channel uses another 3 pin shielded twisted pair pins 15 17 1 pin for HPD hot plug detection pin 18 2 pins for power 3 3 V power and return line pins 19 and 20 Mini DisplayPort connector Edit Mini DisplayPort plug The Mini DisplayPort connector was developed by Apple for use in their computer products It was first announced in October 2008 for use in the new MacBooks and Cinema Display In 2009 VESA adopted it as an official standard and in 2010 the specification was merged into the main DisplayPort standard with the release of DisplayPort 1 2 Apple freely licenses the specification to VESA The Mini DisplayPort mDP connector is a 20 pin single orientation connector with a friction lock Unlike the full size connector it does not have an option for a mechanical latch The mDP receptacle has dimensions of 7 50 mm width 4 60 mm height 4 99 mm depth 44 2 1 3 6 pp27 31 The mDP pin assignments are the same as the full size DisplayPort connector 44 2 1 3 DP PWR pin 20 Edit Pin 20 on the DisplayPort connector called DP PWR provides 3 3 V 10 DC power at up to 500 mA minimum power delivery of 1 5 W 8 3 2 This power is available from all DisplayPort receptacles on both source and display devices DP PWR is intended to provide power for adapters amplified cables and similar devices so that a separate power cable is not necessary Standard DisplayPort cable connections do not use the DP PWR pin Connecting the DP PWR pins of two devices directly together through a cable can create a short circuit which can potentially damage devices since the DP PWR pins on two devices are unlikely to have exactly the same voltage especially with a 10 tolerance 45 For this reason the DisplayPort 1 1 and later standards specify that passive DisplayPort to DisplayPort cables must leave pin 20 unconnected 8 3 2 2 However in 2013 VESA announced that after investigating reports of malfunctioning DisplayPort devices it had discovered that a large number of non certified vendors were manufacturing their DisplayPort cables with the DP PWR pin connected Recently VESA has experienced quite a few complaints regarding troublesome DisplayPort operation that ended up being caused by improperly made DisplayPort cables These bad DisplayPort cables are generally limited to non DisplayPort certified cables or off brand cables To further investigate this trend in the DisplayPort cable market VESA purchased a number of non certified off brand cables and found that an alarmingly high number of these were configured improperly and would likely not support all system configurations None of these cables would have passed the DisplayPort certification test moreover some of these cables could potentially damage a PC laptop or monitor The stipulation that the DP PWR wire be omitted from standard DisplayPort cables was not present in the DisplayPort 1 0 standard However DisplayPort products and cables did not begin to appear on the market until 2008 long after version 1 0 had been replaced by version 1 1 The DisplayPort 1 0 standard was never implemented in commercial products 46 Resolution and refresh frequency limits EditThe tables below describe the refresh frequencies that can be achieved with each transmission mode In general maximum refresh frequency is determined by the transmission mode RBR HBR HBR2 HBR3 UHBR 10 UHBR 13 5 or UHBR 20 These transmission modes were introduced to the DisplayPort standard as follows RBR and HBR were defined in the initial release of the DisplayPort standard version 1 0 HBR2 was introduced in version 1 2 HBR3 was introduced in version 1 3 UHBR 10 UHBR 13 5 and UHBR 20 were introduced in version 2 0However transmission mode support is not necessarily dictated by a device s claimed DisplayPort version number For example older versions of the DisplayPort Marketing Guidelines allowed a device to be labeled as DisplayPort 1 2 if it supported the MST feature even if it didn t support the HBR2 transmission mode 47 9 Newer versions of the guidelines have removed this clause and currently as of the June 2018 revision there are no guidelines on the usage of DisplayPort version numbers in products 48 DisplayPort version numbers are therefore not a reliable indication of what transmission speeds a device can support In addition individual devices may have their own arbitrary limitations beyond transmission speed For example NVIDIA Kepler GK104 GPUs such as the GeForce GTX 680 and 770 support DisplayPort 1 2 with the HBR2 transmission mode but are limited to 540 Mpx s only 3 4 of the maximum possible with HBR2 49 Consequently certain devices may have limitations that differ from those listed in the following tables To support a particular format the source and display devices must both support the required transmission mode and the DisplayPort cable must also be capable of handling the required bandwidth of that transmission mode See Cables and connectors Refresh frequency limits for common resolutions Edit The maximum limits for the RBR and HBR modes are calculated using standard data rate calculations 50 For UHBR modes the limits are based on the data efficiency calculations provided by the DisplayPort standard 51 3 5 2 18 All calculations assume uncompressed RGB video with CVT RB v2 timing Maximum limits may differ if compression i e DSC or Y CBCR 4 2 2 or 4 2 0 chroma subsampling are used Display manufacturers may also use non standard blanking intervals rather than CVT RB v2 to achieve even higher frequencies when bandwidth is a constraint The refresh frequencies in the below table do not represent the absolute maximum limit of each interface but rather an estimate based on a modern standardized timing formula The minimum blanking intervals and therefore the exact maximum frequency that can be achieved will depend on the display and how many secondary data packets it requires and therefore will differ from model to model Video format Transmission mode Maximum data rateShort hand Resolution Colordepth bpc RBR HBR HBR2 HBR3 UHBR 10 UHBR 13 5 UHBR 205 184 Gbit s 8 64 Gbit s 17 28 Gbit s 25 92 Gbit s 38 68 Gbit s 52 22 Gbit s 77 37 Gbit sMaximum refresh frequency with CVT RB v2 timing uncompressed Hz 1080p 1920 1080 8 95 154 288 406 555 688 88410 77 125 237 337 468 587 7701440p 2560 1440 8 55 90 174 251 354 452 60910 44 73 141 205 293 378 516UWQHD 3440 1440 8 41 68 133 193 277 358 49110 33 55 107 157 227 296 4124K 3840 2160 8 41 81 120 174 229 32310 33 65 97 142 187 2675K 5120 2880 8 47 69 102 136 19510 37 56 82 110 1598K 7680 4320 8 31 47 63 9210 37 50 74 Below 30 Hz 0 30 60 Hz 0 60 120 Hz 120 240 Hz Above 240 Hz Refresh frequency limits for standard video Edit Color depth of 8 bpc 24 bit px or 16 7 million colors is assumed for all formats in these tables This is the standard color depth used on most computer displays Note that some operating systems refer to this as 32 bit color depth this is the same as 24 bit color depth The 8 extra bits are for alpha channel information which is only present in software At the transmission stage this information has already been incorporated into the primary color channels so the actual video data transmitted across the cable only contains 24 bits per pixel Limits for uncompressed RGB Y CBCR 4 4 4 video onlyVideo format Transmission mode maximum data rate a Shorthand Resolution Refreshrate Hz Data raterequired b RBR HBR HBR2 HBR3 UHBR 10 UHBR 13 5 UHBR 205 184 Gbit s 8 64 Gbit s 17 28 Gbit s 25 92 Gbit s 38 69 Gbit s 52 22 Gbit s 77 37 Gbit s1080p 1920 1080 60 3 20 Gbit s Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes85 4 59 Gbit s Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes120 6 59 Gbit s No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes144 8 00 Gbit s No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes240 14 00 Gbit s No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes1440p 2560 1440 30 2 78 Gbit s Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes60 5 63 Gbit s No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes85 8 07 Gbit s No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes120 11 59 Gbit s No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes144 14 08 Gbit s No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes165 16 30 Gbit s No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes240 24 62 Gbit s No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes4K 3840 2160 24 4 93 Gbit s Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes30 6 18 Gbit s No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes60 12 54 Gbit s No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes75 15 79 Gbit s No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes120 25 82 Gbit s No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes144 31 35 Gbit s No No No No Yes Yes Yes240 54 84 Gbit s No No No No No Yes c Yes5K 5120 2880 24 8 73 Gbit s No Yes c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes30 10 94 Gbit s No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes60 22 18 Gbit s No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes120 45 66 Gbit s No No No No No Yes Yes144 55 44 Gbit s No No No No No No Yes180 70 54 Gbit s No No No No No No Yes240 96 98 Gbit s No No No No No No No8K 7680 4320 24 19 53 Gbit s No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes30 24 48 Gbit s No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes60 49 65 Gbit s No No No No No Yes Yes85 71 17 Gbit s No No No No No No Yes120 102 20 Gbit s No No No No No No NoRBR HBR HBR2 HBR3 UHBR 10 UHBR 13 5 UHBR 20Transmission mode Only a portion of DisplayPort s bandwidth is used for carrying video data DisplayPort versions 1 0 1 4a use 8b 10b encoding which means that 80 of the bits transmitted across the link represent data and the other 20 are used for encoding purposes The maximum bandwidth of RBR HBR HBR2 and HBR3 6 48 10 8 21 6 and 32 4 Gbit s therefore transport video data at rates of 5 184 8 64 17 28 and 25 92 Gbit s DisplayPort version 2 0 uses 128b 132b encoding and therefore the maximum bandwidths of UHBR 10 13 5 and 20 40 54 and 80 Gbit s transport data at rates of 38 69 52 22 and 77 37 Gbit s These data rates are for uncompressed 8 bpc 24 bit px color depth with RGB or YCBCR 4 4 4 color format and CVT R2 timing Uncompressed data rate for RGB video in bits per second is calculated as bits per pixel pixels per frame frames per second Pixels per frame includes blanking intervals as defined by CVT R2 a b Although this format slightly exceeds the maximum data rate of this transmission mode with CVT R2 timing it is close enough to be achieved with non standard timings Limits including compression and chroma subsamplingVideo format Transmission mode maximum data rate a Shorthand Resolution Refreshrate Hz Data raterequired b RBR HBR HBR2 HBR3 UHBR 10 UHBR 13 5 UHBR 205 184 Gbit s 8 64 Gbit s 17 28 Gbit s 25 92 Gbit s 38 69 Gbit s 52 22 Gbit s 77 37 Gbit s1080p 1920 1080 60 3 20 Gbit s Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes85 4 59 Gbit s Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes120 6 59 Gbit s DSC c or 4 2 2 d Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes144 8 00 Gbit s DSC or 4 2 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes240 14 00 Gbit s DSC DSC or 4 2 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes1440p 2560 1440 30 2 78 Gbit s Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes60 5 63 Gbit s DSC or 4 2 2 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes85 8 07 Gbit s DSC or 4 2 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes120 11 59 Gbit s DSC DSC or 4 2 2 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes144 14 08 Gbit s DSC DSC or 4 2 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes165 16 30 Gbit s DSC 4 2 2 e DSC or 4 2 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes240 24 62 Gbit s DSC 4 2 0 DSC DSC or 4 2 2 Yes Yes Yes Yes4K 3840 2160 24 4 93 Gbit s Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes30 6 18 Gbit s DSC or 4 2 2 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes60 12 54 Gbit s DSC DSC or 4 2 2 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes75 15 79 Gbit s DSC DSC or 4 2 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes120 25 82 Gbit s DSC 4 2 0 DSC DSC or 4 2 2 Yes Yes Yes Yes144 31 35 Gbit s DSC 4 2 0 DSC 4 2 2 DSC or 4 2 0 DSC or 4 2 2 Yes Yes Yes240 54 84 Gbit s No No DSC 4 2 2 DSC DSC or 4 2 2 Yes f Yes5K 5120 2880 24 8 73 Gbit s DSC or 4 2 0 Yes f Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes30 10 94 Gbit s DSC DSC or 4 2 2 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes60 22 18 Gbit s DSC 4 2 2 DSC DSC or 4 2 2 Yes Yes Yes Yes120 45 66 Gbit s No DSC 4 2 0 DSC DSC or 4 2 0 DSC or 4 2 2 Yes Yes144 55 44 Gbit s No No DSC 4 2 2 DSC DSC or 4 2 2 DSC or 4 2 2 Yes180 70 54 Gbit s No No DSC 4 2 2 DSC DSC or 4 2 0 DSC or 4 2 2 Yes240 96 98 Gbit s No No DSC 4 2 0 DSC 4 2 2 DSC or 4 2 0 DSC or 4 2 0 DSC or 4 2 28K 7680 4320 24 19 53 Gbit s DSC 4 2 2 DSC DSC or 4 2 2 Yes Yes Yes Yes30 24 48 Gbit s DSC 4 2 0 DSC DSC or 4 2 2 Yes Yes Yes Yes60 49 65 Gbit s No DSC 4 2 0 DSC DSC or 4 2 0 DSC or 4 2 2 Yes Yes85 71 17 Gbit s No No DSC 4 2 2 DSC DSC or 4 2 0 DSC or 4 2 2 Yes120 102 20 Gbit s No No DSC 4 2 0 DSC 4 2 2 DSC DSC or 4 2 0 DSC or 4 2 2144 124 09 Gbit s No No No DSC 4 2 0 DSC 4 2 2 DSC DSC or 4 2 0240 217 10 Gbit s No No No No DSC 4 2 0 DSC 4 2 2 DSCRBR HBR HBR2 HBR3 UHBR 10 UHBR 13 5 UHBR 20Transmission mode Only a portion of DisplayPort s bandwidth is used for carrying video data DisplayPort versions 1 0 1 4a use 8b 10b encoding which means that 80 of the bits transmitted across the link represent data and the other 20 are used for encoding purposes The maximum bandwidth of RBR HBR HBR2 and HBR3 6 48 10 8 21 6 and 32 4 Gbit s therefore transport video data at rates of 5 184 8 64 17 28 and 25 92 Gbit s DisplayPort version 2 0 uses 128b 132b encoding and therefore the maximum bandwidths of UHBR 10 13 5 and 20 40 54 and 80 Gbit s transport data at rates of 38 69 52 22 and 77 37 Gbit s These data rates are for uncompressed 8 bpc 24 bit px color depth with RGB or YCBCR 4 4 4 color format and CVT R2 timing Uncompressed data rate for RGB video in bits per second is calculated as bits per pixel pixels per frame frames per second Pixels per frame includes blanking intervals as defined by CVT R2 This format can only be achieved with full RGB color if DSC display stream compression is used This format can only be achieved uncompressed if the YCBCR format with either 4 2 2 or 4 2 0 chroma subsampling as noted is used This format can only be achieved if DSC is used together with either YCbCr 4 2 2 or 4 2 0 chroma subsampling as noted a b Although this format slightly exceeds the maximum data rate of this transmission mode with CVT R2 timing it is close enough to be achieved with non standard timings Refresh frequency limits for HDR video Edit Color depth of 10 bpc 30 bit px or 1 07 billion colors is assumed for all formats in these tables This color depth is a requirement for various common HDR standards such as HDR10 It requires 25 more bandwidth than standard 8 bpc video HDR extensions were defined in version 1 4 of the DisplayPort standard Some displays support these HDR extensions but may only implement HBR2 transmission mode if the extra bandwidth of HBR3 is unnecessary for example on 4K 60 Hz HDR displays Since there is no definition of what constitutes a DisplayPort 1 4 device some manufacturers may choose to label these as DP 1 2 devices despite their support for DP 1 4 HDR extensions 52 As a result DisplayPort version numbers should not be used as an indicator of HDR support Limits for uncompressed RGB Y CBCR 4 4 4 video onlyVideo Format Transmission Mode Maximum Data Rate a Shorthand Resolution RefreshRate Hz Data RateRequired b RBR HBR HBR2 HBR3 UHBR 10 UHBR 13 5 UHBR 205 184 Gbit s 8 64 Gbit s 17 28 Gbit s 25 92 Gbit s 38 69 Gbit s 52 22 Gbit s 77 37 Gbit s1080p 1920 1080 60 4 00 Gbit s Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes100 6 80 Gbit s No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes120 8 24 Gbit s No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes144 10 00 Gbit s No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes240 17 50 Gbit s No No Yes c Yes Yes Yes Yes1440p 2560 1440 30 3 47 Gbit s Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes60 7 04 Gbit s No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes75 8 86 Gbit s No Yes c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes120 14 49 Gbit s No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes144 17 60 Gbit s No No Yes c Yes Yes Yes Yes200 25 12 Gbit s No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes240 30 77 Gbit s No No No No Yes Yes Yes4K 3840 2160 30 7 73 Gbit s No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes60 15 68 Gbit s No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes98 26 07 Gbit s No No No Yes c Yes Yes Yes120 32 27 Gbit s No No No No Yes Yes Yes144 39 19 Gbit s No No No No Yes c Yes Yes180 49 85 Gbit s No No No No No Yes Yes240 68 56 Gbit s No No No No No No Yes5K 5120 2880 30 13 67 Gbit s No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes50 22 99 Gbit s No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes60 27 72 Gbit s No No No No Yes Yes Yes85 39 75 Gbit s No No No No Yes c Yes Yes100 47 10 Gbit s No No No No No Yes Yes120 57 08 Gbit s No No No No No No Yes144 69 30 Gbit s No No No No No No Yes8K 7680 4320 24 24 41 Gbit s No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes30 30 60 Gbit s No No No No Yes Yes Yes50 51 47 Gbit s No No No No No Yes Yes60 62 06 Gbit s No No No No No No Yes75 78 13 Gbit s No No No No No No Yes c RBR HBR HBR2 HBR3 UHBR 10 UHBR 13 5 UHBR 20Transmission Mode Only a portion of DisplayPort s bandwidth is used for carrying video data DisplayPort versions 1 0 1 4a use 8b 10b encoding which means that 80 of the bits transmitted across the link represent data and the other 20 are used for encoding purposes The maximum bandwidth of RBR HBR HBR2 and HBR3 6 48 10 8 21 6 and 32 4 Gbit s therefore transport video data at rates of 5 184 8 64 17 28 and 25 92 Gbit s DisplayPort version 2 0 uses 128b 132b encoding and therefore the maximum bandwidths of UHBR 10 13 5 and 20 40 54 and 80 Gbit s transport data at rates of 38 69 52 22 and 77 37 Gbit s These data rates are for uncompressed 10 bpc 30 bit px color depth with RGB or YCBCR 4 4 4 color format and CVT R2 timing Uncompressed data rate for RGB video in bits per second is calculated as bits per pixel pixels per frame frames per second Pixels per frame includes blanking intervals as defined by CVT R2 a b c d e f g Although this format slightly exceeds the maximum data rate of this transmission mode with CVT R2 timing it is close enough to be achieved with non standard timings Limits including compression and chroma subsamplingVideo Format Transmission Mode Maximum Data Rate a Shorthand Resolution RefreshRate Hz Data RateRequired b RBR HBR HBR2 HBR3 UHBR 10 UHBR 13 5 UHBR 205 184 Gbit s 8 64 Gbit s 17 28 Gbit s 25 92 Gbit s 38 69 Gbit s 52 22 Gbit s 77 37 Gbit s1080p 1920 1080 60 4 00 Gbit s Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes100 6 80 Gbit s DSC c or 4 2 2 d Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes120 8 24 Gbit s DSC or 4 2 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes144 10 00 Gbit s DSC or 4 2 0 DSC or 4 2 2 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes240 17 50 Gbit s DSC 4 2 2 e DSC or 4 2 0 Yes f Yes Yes Yes Yes1440p 2560 1440 30 3 47 Gbit s Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes60 7 04 Gbit s DSC or 4 2 2 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes75 8 86 Gbit s DSC or 4 2 0 Yes f Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes120 14 49 Gbit s DSC DSC or 4 2 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes144 17 60 Gbit s DSC 4 2 2 DSC or 4 2 0 Yes f Yes Yes Yes Yes200 25 12 Gbit s DSC 4 2 0 DSC DSC or 4 2 2 Yes Yes Yes Yes240 30 77 Gbit s DSC 4 2 0 DSC 4 2 2 DSC or 4 2 0 DSC or 4 2 2 Yes Yes Yes4K 3840 2160 30 7 73 Gbit s DSC or 4 2 2 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes60 15 68 Gbit s DSC DSC or 4 2 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes75 19 74 Gbit s DSC 4 2 2 DSC DSC or 4 2 2 Yes Yes Yes Yes98 26 07 Gbit s DSC 4 2 0 DSC DSC or 4 2 2 Yes f Yes Yes Yes120 32 27 Gbit s No DSC 4 2 2 DSC or 4 2 0 DSC or 4 2 2 Yes Yes Yes144 39 19 Gbit s No DSC 4 2 2 DSC DSC or 4 2 2 Yes Yes Yes180 49 85 Gbit s No DSC 4 2 0 DSC DSC or 4 2 0 DSC or 4 2 2 Yes Yes240 68 56 Gbit s No No DSC 4 2 2 DSC DSC or 4 2 0 Yes Yes5K 5120 2880 30 13 67 Gbit s DSC DSC or 4 2 0 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes50 22 99 Gbit s DSC 4 2 2 DSC DSC or 4 2 2 Yes Yes Yes Yes60 27 72 Gbit s DSC 4 2 0 DSC 4 2 2 DSC or 4 2 0 DSC or 4 2 2 Yes Yes Yes100 47 10 Gbit s No DSC 4 2 0 DSC DSC or 4 2 0 DSC or 4 2 2 Yes Yes120 57 08 Gbit s No No DSC 4 2 2 DSC DSC or 4 2 2 DSC or 4 2 2 Yes144 69 30 Gbit s No No DSC 4 2 2 DSC DSC or 4 2 0 DSC or 4 2 2 Yes240 121 23 Gbit s No No No DSC 4 2 0 DSC DSC DSC or 4 2 08K 7680 4320 24 24 41 Gbit s DSC 4 2 0 DSC DSC or 4 2 2 Yes Yes Yes Yes30 30 60 Gbit s DSC 4 2 0 DSC 4 2 2 DSC or 4 2 0 DSC or 4 2 2 Yes Yes Yes50 51 47 Gbit s No DSC 4 2 0 DSC DSC or 4 2 0 DSC or 4 2 2 Yes Yes60 62 06 Gbit s No No DSC 4 2 2 DSC DSC or 4 2 0 DSC or 4 2 2 Yes75 78 13 Gbit s No No DSC 4 2 2 DSC DSC or 4 2 0 DSC or 4 2 2 Yes f 120 127 75 Gbit s No No No DSC 4 2 0 DSC 4 2 2 DSC DSC or 4 2 0144 155 11 Gbit s No No No DSC 4 2 0 DSC 4 2 2 DSC DSC or 4 2 0240 271 37 Gbit s No No No No No DSC 4 2 0 DSC 4 2 2RBR HBR HBR2 HBR3 UHBR 10 UHBR 13 5 UHBR 20Transmission Mode Only a portion of DisplayPort s bandwidth is used for carrying video data DisplayPort versions 1 0 1 4a use 8b 10b encoding which means that 80 of the bits transmitted across the link represent data and the other 20 are used for encoding purposes The maximum bandwidth of RBR HBR HBR2 and HBR3 6 48 10 8 21 6 and 32 4 Gbit s therefore transport video data at rates of 5 184 8 64 17 28 and 25 92 Gbit s DisplayPort version 2 0 uses 128b 132b encoding and therefore the maximum bandwidths of UHBR 10 13 5 and 20 40 54 and 80 Gbit s transport data at rates of 38 69 52 22 and 77 37 Gbit s These data rates are for uncompressed 10 bpc 30 bit px color depth with RGB or YCBCR 4 4 4 color format and CVT R2 timing Uncompressed data rate for RGB video in bits per second is calculated as bits per pixel pixels per frame frames per second Pixels per frame includes blanking intervals as defined by CVT R2 This format can only be achieved with full RGB color if DSC display stream compression is used This format can only be achieved uncompressed if the YCBCR format with either 4 2 2 or 4 2 0 chroma subsampling as noted is used This format can only be achieved if DSC is used together with either YCbCr 4 2 2 or 4 2 0 chroma subsampling as noted a b c d e Although this format slightly exceeds the maximum data rate of this transmission mode with CVT R2 timing it is close enough to be achieved with non standard timingsFeatures Edit DisplayPort version1 0 1 1 1 1a 1 2 1 2a 1 3 1 4 1 4a 2 0Hot pluggable Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes YesInline audio Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes YesDisplayPort contentprotection DPCP DPCP 1 0 36 1 2 6 DPCP 1 0 DPCP 1 0 DPCP 1 0 DPCP 1 0 DPCP 1 0High bandwidth digitalcontent protection HDCP No HDCP 1 3 8 1 2 6 HDCP 1 3 37 1 2 6 HDCP 2 2 19 HDCP 2 2 HDCP 2 2Dual mode DP No Yes Yes Yes Yes YesMaximum DP bandwidth TMDS Clock 4 95 Gbit s 165 MHz 9 00 Gbit s 300 MHz 18 00 Gbit s 600 MHz 18 00 Gbit s 600 MHz 18 00 Gbit s 600 MHz Stereoscopic 3D video No Yes Yes Yes Yes YesMulti stream transport MST No No Yes Yes Yes YesHigh dynamic range video HDR No No No No Yes YesDisplay stream compression DSC No No No No DSC 1 2 DP 1 4 DSC 1 2a DP 1 4a DSC 1 2aPanel replay No No No No No Yes 40 DisplayPort dual mode DP Edit This section needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources DisplayPort news newspapers books scholar JSTOR April 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message Dual mode DisplayPort logo Dual mode pin mapping DisplayPort pins DVI HDMI modeMain link lane 0 TMDS channel 2Main link lane 1 TMDS channel 1Main link lane 2 TMDS channel 0Main link lane 3 TMDS clockAUX CH DDC clockAUX CH DDC dataDP PWR DP PWRHot plug detect Hot plug detectConfig 1 Cable adapter detectConfig 2 CEC HDMI only DisplayPort Dual Mode DP also called Dual Mode DisplayPort is a standard which allows DisplayPort sources to use simple passive adapters to connect to HDMI or DVI displays Dual mode is an optional feature so not all DisplayPort sources necessarily support DVI HDMI passive adapters though in practice nearly all devices do Officially the DP logo should be used to indicate a DP port that supports dual mode but most modern devices do not use the logo Devices which implement dual mode will detect that a DVI or HDMI adapter is attached and send DVI HDMI TMDS signals instead of DisplayPort signals The original DisplayPort Dual Mode standard version 1 0 used in DisplayPort 1 1 devices only supported TMDS clock speeds of up to 165 MHz 4 95 Gbit s bandwidth This is equivalent to HDMI 1 2 and is sufficient for up to 1920 1200 at 60 Hz In 2013 VESA released the Dual Mode 1 1 standard which added support for up to a 300 MHz TMDS clock 9 00 Gbit s bandwidth and is used in newer DisplayPort 1 2 devices This is slightly less than the 340 MHz maximum of HDMI 1 4 and is sufficient for up to 1920 1080 at 120 Hz 2560 1440 at 60 Hz or 3840 2160 at 30 Hz Older adapters which were only capable of the 165 MHz speed were retroactively termed Type 1 adapters with the new 300 MHz adapters being called Type 2 53 Dual mode limitations Edit A DisplayPort to DVI adapter after removing its enclosure The chip on the board converts the voltage levels generated by the dual mode DisplayPort device to be compatible with a DVI monitor Limited adapter speed Although the pinout and digital signal values transmitted by the DP port are identical to a native DVI HDMI source the signals are transmitted at DisplayPort s native voltage 3 3 V instead of the 5 V used by DVI and HDMI As a result dual mode adapters must contain a level shifter circuit which changes the voltage The presence of this circuit places a limit on how quickly the adapter can operate and therefore newer adapters are required for each higher speed added to the standard Unidirectional Although the dual mode standard specifies a method for DisplayPort sources to output DVI HDMI signals using simple passive adapters there is no counterpart standard to give DisplayPort displays the ability to receive DVI HDMI input signals through passive adapters As a result DisplayPort displays can only receive native DisplayPort signals any DVI or HDMI input signals must be converted to the DisplayPort format with an active conversion device DVI and HDMI sources cannot be connected to DisplayPort displays using passive adapters Single link DVI only Since DisplayPort dual mode operates by using the pins of the DisplayPort connector to send DVI HDMI signals the 20 pin DisplayPort connector can only produce a single link DVI signal which uses 19 pins A dual link DVI signal uses 25 pins and is therefore impossible to transmit natively from a DisplayPort connector through a passive adapter Dual link DVI signals can only be produced by converting from native DisplayPort output signals with an active conversion device Unavailable on USB C The DisplayPort Alternate Mode specification for sending DisplayPort signals over a USB C cable does not include support for the dual mode protocol As a result DP to DVI and DP to HDMI passive adapters do not function when chained from a USB C to DP adapter Multi Stream Transport MST Edit Multi Stream Transport is a feature first introduced in the DisplayPort 1 2 standard It allows multiple independent displays to be driven from a single DP port on the source devices by multiplexing several video streams into a single stream and sending it to a branch device which demultiplexes the signal into the original streams Branch devices are commonly found in the form of an MST hub which plugs into a single DP input port and provides multiple outputs but it can also be implemented on a display internally to provide a DP output port for daisy chaining effectively embedding a 2 port MST hub inside the display 37 Fig 2 59 54 Theoretically up to 63 displays can be supported 37 20 but the combined data rate requirements of all the displays cannot exceed the limits of a single DP port 17 28 Gbit s for a DP 1 2 port or 25 92 Gbit s for a DP 1 3 1 4 port In addition the maximum number of links between the source and any device i e the maximum length of a daisy chain is 7 37 2 5 2 and the maximum number of physical output ports on each branch device such as a hub is 7 37 2 5 1 With the release of MST standard single display operation has been retroactively named SST mode Single Stream Transport Daisy chaining is a feature that must be specifically supported by each intermediary display not all DisplayPort 1 2 devices support it Daisy chaining requires a dedicated DisplayPort output port on the display Standard DisplayPort input ports found on most displays cannot be used as a daisy chain output Only the last display in the daisy chain does not need to support the feature specifically or have a DP output port DisplayPort 1 1 displays can also be connected to MST hubs and can be part of a DisplayPort daisy chain if it is the last display in the chain 37 2 5 1 The host system s software also needs to support MST for hubs or daisy chains to work While Microsoft Windows environments have full support for it Apple operating systems currently do not support MST hubs or DisplayPort daisy chaining as of macOS 10 15 Catalina 55 56 DisplayPort to DVI and DisplayPort to HDMI adapters cables may or may not function from an MST output port support for this depends on the specific device citation needed MST is supported by USB Type C DisplayPort Alternate Mode so standard DisplayPort daisy chains and MST hubs do function from Type C sources with a simple Type C to DisplayPort adapter 57 High dynamic range HDR Edit Main article High dynamic range television Support for HDR video was introduced in DisplayPort 1 4 It implements the CTA 861 3 standard for transport of static HDR metadata in EDID 22 Content protection Edit DisplayPort 1 0 includes optional DPCP DisplayPort Content Protection from Philips which uses 128 bit AES encryption It also features full authentication and session key establishment Each encryption session is independent and it has an independent revocation system This portion of the standard is licensed separately It also adds the ability to verify the proximity of the receiver and transmitter a technique intended to ensure users are not bypassing the content protection system to send data out to distant unauthorized users 8 6 DisplayPort 1 1 added optional implementation of industry standard 56 bit HDCP High bandwidth Digital Content Protection revision 1 3 which requires separate licensing from the Digital Content Protection LLC 8 1 2 6 DisplayPort 1 3 added support for HDCP 2 2 which is also used by HDMI 2 0 19 Cost EditVESA the creators of the DisplayPort standard state that the standard is royalty free to implement However in March 2015 MPEG LA issued a press release stating that a royalty rate of 0 20 per unit applies to DisplayPort products manufactured or sold in countries that are covered by one or more of the patents in the MPEG LA license pool which includes patents from Hitachi Maxell Philips Lattice Semiconductor Rambus and Sony 58 59 In response VESA updated their DisplayPort FAQ page with the following statement 60 MPEG LA is making claims that DisplayPort implementation requires a license and a royalty payment It is important to note that these are only CLAIMS Whether these CLAIMS are relevant will likely be decided in a US court As of August 2019 VESA s official FAQ no longer contains a statement mentioning the MPEG LA royalty fees While VESA does not charge any per device royalty fees VESA requires membership for access to said standards 61 The minimum cost is presently 5 000 or 10 000 depending on Annual Corporate Sales Revenue annually 62 Advantages over DVI VGA and FPD Link EditThis article contains embedded lists that may be poorly defined unverified or indiscriminate Please help to clean it up to meet Wikipedia s quality standards Where appropriate incorporate items into the main body of the article November 2010 In December 2010 several computer vendors and display makers including Intel AMD Dell Lenovo Samsung and LG announced they would begin phasing out FPD Link VGA and DVI I over the next few years replacing them with DisplayPort and HDMI 63 64 65 DisplayPort has several advantages over VGA DVI and FPD Link 66 Standard available to all VESA members dubious discuss with an extensible standard to help broad adoption 67 Fewer lanes with embedded self clock reduced EMI with data scrambling and spread spectrum mode Based on a micro packet protocol Allows easy expansion of the standard with multiple data types Flexible allocation of available bandwidth between audio and video Multiple video streams over single physical connection version 1 2 Long distance transmission over alternative physical media such as optical fiber version 1 1a High resolution displays and multiple displays with a single connection via a hub or daisy chaining 68 HBR2 mode with 17 28 Gbit s of effective video bandwidth allows four simultaneous 1080p60 displays CEA 861 timings two 2560 1600 30 bit 120 Hz CVT R timings or 4K UHD 60 Hz note 1 HBR3 mode with 25 92 Gbit s of effective video bandwidth using CVT R2 timings allows eight simultaneous 1080p displays 1920 1080 60 Hz stereoscopic 4K UHD 3840 2160 120 Hz or 5120 2880 60 Hz each using 24 bit RGB and up to 8K UHD 7680 4320 60 Hz using 4 2 0 subsampling 69 Designed to work for internal chip to chip communication Aimed at replacing internal FPD Link links to display panels with a unified link interface Compatible with low voltage signaling used with sub micron CMOS fabrication Can drive display panels directly eliminating scaling and control circuits and allowing for cheaper and slimmer displays Link training with adjustable amplitude and preemphasis adapts to differing cable lengths and signal quality Reduced bandwidth transmission for 15 metre 49 ft cable at least 1920 1080p 60 Hz at 24 bits per pixel Full bandwidth transmission for 3 metres 9 8 ft High speed auxiliary channel for DDC EDID MCCS DPMS HDCP adapter identification etc traffic Can be used for transmitting bi directional USB touch panel data CEC etc Self latching connectorComparison with HDMI EditAlthough DisplayPort has much of the same functionality as HDMI it is a complementary connection used in different scenarios 70 71 A dual mode DisplayPort port can emit an HDMI signal via a passive adapter As of 2008 HDMI Licensing LLC charged an annual fee of US 10 000 to each high volume manufacturer and a per unit royalty rate of US 0 04 to US 0 15 72 needs update DisplayPort is royalty free but implementers thereof are not prevented from charging royalty or otherwise for that implementation 73 DisplayPort 1 2 has more bandwidth at 21 6 Gbit s 74 17 28 Gbit s with overhead removed as opposed to HDMI 2 0 s 18 Gbit s 75 14 4 Gbit s with overhead removed DisplayPort 1 3 raises that to 32 4 Gbit s 25 92 Gbit s with overhead removed and HDMI 2 1 raises that up to 48 Gbit s 42 67 Gbit s with overhead removed adding an additional TMDS link in place of clock lane DisplayPort also has the ability to share this bandwidth with multiple streams of audio and video to separate devices DisplayPort has historically had higher bandwidth than the HDMI standard available at the same time The only exception is from HDMI 2 1 2017 having higher transmission bandwidth 48 Gbit s than DisplayPort 1 3 2014 32 4 Gbit s DisplayPort 2 0 2019 retook transmission bandwidth superiority 80 0 Gbit s DisplayPort in native mode lacks some HDMI features such as Consumer Electronics Control CEC commands The CEC bus allows linking multiple sources with a single display and controlling any of these devices from any remote 8 76 77 DisplayPort 1 3 added the possibility of transmitting CEC commands over the AUX channel 78 From its very first version HDMI features CEC to support connecting multiple sources to a single display as is typical for a TV screen The other way round Multi Stream Transport allows connecting multiple displays to a single computer source This reflects the facts that HDMI originated from consumer electronics companies whereas DisplayPort is owned by VESA which started as an organization for computer standards HDMI can accept longer maximum cable length than DisplayPort 30 meters vs 15 meters 79 HDMI uses unique Vendor Specific Block structure which allows for features such as additional color spaces However these features can be defined by CEA EDID extensions 80 Both HDMI and DisplayPort have published specification for transmitting their signal over the USB C connector For more details see USB C Alternate Mode partner specifications and List of devices with video output over USB C Market share EditFigures from IDC show that 5 1 of commercial desktops and 2 1 of commercial notebooks released in 2009 featured DisplayPort 63 The main factor behind this was the phase out of VGA and that both Intel and AMD planned to stop building products with FPD Link by 2013 Nearly 70 of LCD monitors sold in August 2014 in the US UK Germany Japan and China were equipped with HDMI DisplayPort technology up 7 5 on the year according to Digitimes Research 81 IHS Markit an analytics firm forecast that DisplayPort would surpass HDMI in 2019 82 Companion standards EditMini DisplayPort Edit Main article Mini DisplayPort Mini DisplayPort mDP is a standard announced by Apple in the fourth quarter of 2008 Shortly after announcing Mini DisplayPort Apple announced that it would license the connector technology with no fee The following year in early 2009 VESA announced that Mini DisplayPort would be included in the upcoming DisplayPort 1 2 specification On 24 February 2011 Apple and Intel announced Thunderbolt a successor to Mini DisplayPort which adds support for PCI Express data connections while maintaining backwards compatibility with Mini DisplayPort based peripherals 83 Micro DisplayPort Edit Micro DisplayPort would have targeted systems that need ultra compact connectors such as phones tablets and ultra portable notebook computers This standard would have been physically smaller than the currently available Mini DisplayPort connectors The standard was expected to be released by Q2 2014 84 DDM Edit Direct Drive Monitor DDM 1 0 standard was approved in December 2008 It allows for controller less monitors where the display panel is directly driven by the DisplayPort signal although the available resolutions and color depth are limited to two lane operation Display Stream Compression Edit Main article Display Stream Compression Display Stream Compression DSC is a VESA developed video compression algorithm designed to enable increased display resolutions and frame rates over existing physical interfaces and make devices smaller and lighter with longer battery life 85 eDP Edit Embedded DisplayPort eDP is a display panel interface standard for portable and embedded devices It defines the signaling interface between graphics cards and integrated displays The various revisions of eDP are based on existing DisplayPort standards However version numbers between the two standards are not interchangeable For instance eDP version 1 4 is based on DisplayPort 1 2 while eDP version 1 4a is based on DisplayPort 1 3 In practice embedded DisplayPort has displaced LVDS as the predominant panel interface in modern laptops and modern smartphones eDP 1 0 was adopted in December 2008 86 It included advanced power saving features such as seamless refresh rate switching Version 1 1 was approved in October 2009 followed by version 1 1a in November 2009 Version 1 2 was approved in May 2010 and includes DisplayPort 1 2 HBR2 data rates 120 Hz sequential color monitors and a new display panel control protocol that works through the AUX channel 12 Version 1 3 was published in February 2011 it includes a new optional Panel Self Refresh PSR feature developed to save system power and further extend battery life in portable PC systems 87 PSR mode allows the GPU to enter a power saving state in between frame updates by including framebuffer memory in the display panel controller 12 Version 1 4 was released in February 2013 it reduces power consumption through partial frame updates in PSR mode regional backlight control lower interface voltages and additional link rates the auxiliary channel supports multi touch panel data to accommodate different form factors 88 Version 1 4a was published in February 2015 the underlying DisplayPort version was updated to 1 3 in order to support HBR3 data rates Display Stream Compression 1 1 Segmented Panel Displays and partial updates for Panel Self Refresh 89 Version 1 4b was published in October 2015 its protocol refinements and clarifications are intended to enable adoption of eDP 1 4b in devices by mid 2016 90 Version 1 5 was published in October 2021 adds new features and protocols including enhanced support for Adaptive Sync that provide additional power savings and improved gaming and media playback performance 91 iDP Edit Internal DisplayPort iDP 1 0 was approved in April 2010 The iDP standard defines an internal link between a digital TV system on a chip controller and the display panel s timing controller It aims to replace currently used internal FPD Link lanes with a DisplayPort connection 92 iDP features a unique physical interface and protocols which are not directly compatible with DisplayPort and are not applicable to external connection however they enable very high resolution and refresh rates while providing simplicity and extensibility 12 iDP features a non variable 2 7 GHz clock and is nominally rated at 3 24 Gbit s per lane with up to sixteen lanes in a bank resulting in a six fold decrease in wiring requirements over FPD Link for a 1080p24 signal other data rates are also possible iDP was built with simplicity in mind so doesn t have an AUX channel content protection or multiple streams it does however have frame sequential and line interleaved stereo 3D 12 PDMI Edit Portable Digital Media Interface PDMI is an interconnection between docking stations display devices and portable media players which includes 2 lane DisplayPort v1 1a connection It has been ratified in February 2010 as ANSI CEA 2017 A wDP Edit Wireless DisplayPort wDP enables the bandwidth and feature set of DisplayPort 1 2 for cable free applications operating in the 60 GHz radio band It was announced in November 2010 by WiGig Alliance and VESA as a cooperative effort 93 SlimPort Edit A SlimPort to HDMI adapter made by Analogix SlimPort a brand of Analogix products 94 complies with Mobility DisplayPort also known as MyDP which is an industry standard for a mobile audio video Interface providing connectivity from mobile devices to external displays and HDTVs SlimPort implements the transmission of video up to 4K UltraHD and up to eight channels of audio over the micro USB connector to an external converter accessory or display device SlimPort products support seamless connectivity to DisplayPort HDMI and VGA displays 95 The MyDP standard was released in June 2012 96 and the first product to use SlimPort was Google s Nexus 4 smartphone 97 Some LG smartphones in LG G series also adopted SlimPort SlimPort is an alternative to Mobile High Definition Link MHL 98 99 DisplayID Edit Main article DisplayID DisplayID is designed to replace the E EDID standard DisplayID features variable length structures which encompass all existing EDID extensions as well as new extensions for 3D displays and embedded displays The latest version 1 3 announced on 23 September 2013 adds enhanced support for tiled display topologies it allows better identification of multiple video streams and reports bezel size and locations 100 As of December 2013 many current 4K displays use a tiled topology but lack a standard way to report to the video source which tile is left and which is right These early 4K displays for manufacturing reasons typically use two 1920 2160 panels laminated together and are currently generally treated as multiple monitor setups 101 DisplayID 1 3 also allows 8K display discovery and has applications in stereo 3D where multiple video streams are used DockPort Edit Main article DockPort DockPort formerly known as Lightning Bolt is an extension to DisplayPort to include USB 3 0 data as well as power for charging portable devices from attached external displays Originally developed by AMD and Texas Instruments it has been announced as a VESA specification in 2014 102 USB C Edit Main article USB C On 22 September 2014 VESA published the DisplayPort Alternate Mode on USB Type C Connector Standard a specification on how to send DisplayPort signals over the newly released USB C connector One two or all four of the differential pairs that USB uses for the SuperSpeed bus can be configured dynamically to be used for DisplayPort lanes In the first two cases the connector still can carry a full SuperSpeed signal in the latter case at least a non SuperSpeed signal is available The DisplayPort AUX channel is also supported over the two sideband signals over the same connection furthermore USB Power Delivery according to the newly expanded USB PD 2 0 specification is possible at the same time This makes the Type C connector a strict superset of the use cases envisioned for DockPort SlimPort Mini and Micro DisplayPort 103 VirtualLink Edit Main article VirtualLink VirtualLink is a proposal that allows the power video and data required to drive virtual reality headsets to be delivered over a single USB C cable Products Edit A Dual mode DisplayPort connector Since its introduction in 2006 DisplayPort has gained popularity within the computer industry and is featured on many graphic cards displays and notebook computers Dell was the first company to introduce a consumer product with a DisplayPort connector the Dell UltraSharp 3008WFP which was released in January 2008 104 Soon after AMD and Nvidia released products to support the technology AMD included support in the Radeon HD 3000 series of graphics cards while Nvidia first introduced support in the GeForce 9 series starting with the GeForce 9600 GT 105 106 A Mini DisplayPort connector Later the same year Apple introduced several products featuring a Mini DisplayPort 107 The new connector proprietary at the time eventually became part of the DisplayPort standard however Apple reserves the right to void the license should the licensee commence an action for patent infringement against Apple 108 In 2009 AMD followed suit with their Radeon HD 5000 Series of graphics cards which featured the Mini DisplayPort on the Eyefinity versions in the series 109 Nvidia launched NVS 810 with 8 Mini DisplayPort outputs on a single card on 4 November 2015 110 Nvidia revealed the GeForce GTX 1080 the world s first graphics card with DisplayPort 1 4 support on 6 May 2016 111 AMD followed with the Radeon RX 480 to support DisplayPort 1 3 1 4 on 29 June 2016 112 The Radeon RX 400 Series will support DisplayPort 1 3 HBR and HDR10 dropping the DVI connector s in the reference board design In February 2017 VESA and Qualcomm announced that DisplayPort Alt Mode video transport will be integrated into the Snapdragon 835 mobile chipset which powers smartphones VR AR head mounted displays IP cameras tablets and mobile PCs 113 Support for DisplayPort Alternate Mode over USB C Edit See also USB C Hardware support A Samsung Galaxy S8 plugged into a DeX docking station The monitor is displaying the PowerPoint and Word Android applications Currently DisplayPort is the most widely implemented alternate mode and is used to provide video output on devices that do not have standard size DisplayPort or HDMI ports such as smartphones tablets and laptops A USB C multiport adapter converts the device s native video stream to DisplayPort HDMI VGA allowing it to be displayed on an external display such as a television set or computer monitor Examples of devices that support DisplayPort Alternate Mode over USB C include MacBook Chromebook Pixel Surface Book 2 Samsung Galaxy Tab S4 iPad Pro 3rd generation HTC 10 U Ultra U11 U12 Huawei Mate 10 20 30 LG V20 V30 V40 V50 OnePlus 7 and newer ROG Phone Samsung Galaxy S8 and newer Sony Xperia 1 5 etc 114 115 Participating companies EditThe following companies have participated in preparing the drafts of DisplayPort eDP iDP DDM or DSC standards Agilent Altera AMD Graphics Product Group Analogix 116 Apple Astrodesign BenQ Broadcom Corporation Chi Mei Optoelectronics Chrontel 117 Dell Display Labs Foxconn Electronics FuturePlus Systems Genesis Microchip 118 Gigabyte Technology Hardent Hewlett Packard Hosiden Hirose Electric Group Intel intoPIX I PEX Integrated Device Technology JAE Electronics Kawasaki Microelectronics K Micro Keysight Technologies Lenovo LG Display Luxtera Molex NEC NVIDIA NXP Semiconductors Xi3 Corporation Parade Technologies Realtek Semiconductor Samsung 119 SMK STMicroelectronics Synaptics Inc SyntheSys Research Inc Teledyne LeCroy QuantumData Tektronix Texas Instruments TLi Tyco Electronics ViewSonic VTM The following companies have additionally announced their intention to implement DisplayPort eDP or iDP Acer ASRock 120 Biostar Chroma BlackBerry Circuit Assembly DataPro 121 Eizo Fujitsu Hall Research Technologies ITE Tech Matrox Graphics Micro Star International 122 MStar Semiconductor Novatek Microelectronics Corp Palit Microsystems Ltd Pioneer Corporation S3 Graphics Toshiba Philips Quantum Data Sparkle Computer Unigraf XitrixSee also EditHDBaseT HDMI List of video connectors Thunderbolt interface Notes Edit Dual link DVI is limited in resolution and speed by the quality and therefore the bandwidth of the DVI cable the quality of the transmitter and the quality of the receiver can only drive one monitor at a time and cannot send audio data HDMI 1 3 and 1 4 are limited to effectively 8 16 Gbit s or 340 MHz though actual devices are limited to 225 300 MHz citation needed and can only drive one monitor at a time VGA connectors have no defined maximum resolution or speed but their analog nature limits their bandwidth though can provide long cabling only limited by appropriate shielding References Edit a b c DisplayPort Technical Overview PDF VESA org 10 January 2011 Retrieved 23 January 2012 DisplayPort the End of an Era but Beginning of a New Age Hope Industrial Systems 27 April 2011 Retrieved 9 March 2012 AMD s Eyefinity Technology Explained Tom s Hardware 28 February 2010 Retrieved 23 January 2012 An Inside Look at DisplayPort v1 2 ExtremeTech 4 February 2011 Retrieved 28 July 2011 The Case For DisplayPort Continued And Bezels Tom s Hardware 15 April 2010 Retrieved 28 July 2011 New DisplayPort TM Interface Standard for PCs Monitors TV Displays and Projectors Released by the Video Electronics Standards Association Video Electronics Standards Association VESA 3 May 2006 Archived from the original on 14 February 2009 Hodgin Rick 30 July 2007 DisplayPort The new video interconnect standard geek com Archived from the original on 16 October 2012 Retrieved 21 July 2011 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac VESA DisplayPort Standard Version 1 Revision 1a PDF Video Electronics Standards Association VESA 11 January 2008 Archived from the original PDF on 8 April 2016 Video Electronics 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Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help Broekhuijsen Niels 30 December 2013 EVGA s DisplayPort Hub Available Now Tom s Hardware Retrieved 7 March 2014 Moritz Forster 16 September 2014 VESA veroffentlicht DisplayPort 1 3 heise online Retrieved 27 January 2016 FAQ Archive DisplayPort VESA Retrieved 22 August 2012 The Truth About DisplayPort vs HDMI dell com Retrieved 27 January 2016 HDMI Adopter Terms hdmi org HDMI Licensing Archived from the original on 18 December 2008 Retrieved 23 June 2008 Interview with Steve Venuti from HDMI Licensing PDF hdmi org HDMI Licensing Archived from the original PDF on 21 June 2010 Retrieved 27 January 2016 Zotac releases DisplayPort to dual HDMI adapter Anandtech 2 August 2011 Retrieved 23 January 2012 FAQ for HDMI 2 0 HDMI Archived from the original on 5 January 2019 Retrieved 29 November 2013 HDMI Specification 1 3a PDF HDMI Licensing LLC 10 November 2006 Archived from the original PDF on 5 March 2016 Retrieved 1 April 2016 Designing CEC into your next HDMI Product PDF QuantumData com 2008 Hans Verkuil 20 November 2017 Linux drm add support for DisplayPort CEC Tunneling over AUX Cisco Retrieved 3 January 2018 DisplayPort FAQ Archive displayport org Understanding EDID Extended Display Identification Data extron com Digitimes Research Proportion of HDMI DisplayPort technology in LCD monitors increases 7 5pp in August DIGITIMES DisplayPort expected to surpass HDMI in 2019 IHS Technology technology ihs com Thunderbolt Technology The Fastest Data Connection to Your PC Just Arrived Press release Intel 24 February 2011 Retrieved 24 February 2011 VESA Begins Development of Micro DisplayPort Connector Standard DisplayPort 23 October 2013 Retrieved 7 March 2014 VESA Finalizes Requirements for Display Stream Compression Standard Press release VESA 24 January 2013 Archived from the original on 21 March 2018 Retrieved 20 March 2018 Embedded DisplayPort Standard Ready from VESA PDF VESA 23 February 2009 Archived from the original PDF on 7 July 2012 VESA Issues Updated Embedded DisplayPort Standard Business Wire 7 February 2011 Retrieved 27 January 2016 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help Mobile Battery Life and Display Performance Improves with Upcoming Release of eDP 1 4 VESA 10 September 2012 Retrieved 10 November 2013 VESA Publishes Embedded DisplayPort eDP Standard Version 1 4a VESA 9 February 2015 Retrieved 27 January 2016 VESA Rolls Out Production Ready Embedded DisplayPort Standard 1 4 for Mobile Personal Computing Devices VESA 27 October 2015 Retrieved 28 October 2015 VESA Publishes Embedded DisplayPort Standard Version 1 5 27 October 2021 Retrieved 28 October 2021 VESA Issues Internal DisplayPort Standard for Flat Panel TVs PDF VESA 10 May 2010 Archived from the original PDF on 26 July 2011 WiGig Alliance and VESA to Collaborate on Next Generation Wireless DisplayPort Wireless Gigabit Alliance a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help VESA Experiences Acceleration of MyDP Standard Adoption in Mobile Devices Archived from the original on 22 March 2016 Retrieved 10 March 2014 Support Slimport Us slimportconnect com 18 July 2013 Retrieved 11 March 2014 Releases MyDP Standard VESA 27 June 2012 Archived from the original on 17 March 2016 Retrieved 10 November 2013 Experiences Acceleration of MyDP Standard Adoption in Mobile Devices VESA 9 November 2012 Retrieved 10 November 2013 Hands on with the Analogix SlimPort microUSB to HDMI and VGA adapters AnandTech Retrieved 31 December 2013 SlimPort Retrieved 31 December 2013 VESA Refreshes DisplayID Standard to Support Higher Resolutions and Tiled Displays vesa org 23 September 2013 Archived from the original on 8 February 2015 Retrieved 24 December 2013 Gaming At 3840x2160 Is Your PC Ready For A 4K Display tomshardware com 19 September 2013 Retrieved 26 December 2013 MD TI s DockPort Adopted As Official Extension to DisplayPort Standard anandtech com Retrieved 12 January 2014 DisplayPort Alternate Mode for USB Type C Announced Video Power amp Data All Over Type D anandtech com Retrieved 14 October 2014 Dell UltraSharp 3008WFP 30 Inch LCD Monitor The Washington Post Retrieved 25 June 2008 AMD Receives First Ever DisplayPort Certification for PC Graphics AMD 19 March 2008 Retrieved 23 January 2012 Kirsch Nathan 21 February 2008 EVGA Palit and XFX GeForce 9600 GT Video Card Review Legit Reviews Retrieved 2 April 2013 Software Licensing and Trademark Agreement Mini DisplayPort Apple Mini DisplayPort Connector Implementation License Checklist PDF Apple Retrieved 4 December 2008 ATI Radeon HD 5870 1GB Graphics Card and AMD Eyefinity Review PC Perspective 23 September 2009 Archived from the original on 27 September 2009 Retrieved 23 September 2009 Signs of the Times Massive Digital Signage Displays Powered by Diminutive Graphics Card The Official NVIDIA Blog Retrieved 27 January 2016 NVIDIA GeForce 10 Series Graphics Cards NVIDIA Radeon RX 480 Grafikkarten AMD www amd com VESA Highlights Growing DisplayPort Alt Mode Adoption and Latest DisplayPort Developments at Mobile World Congress VESA Interface Standards for The Display Industry 15 February 2017 Search Device Specs PhoneDB The Largest Phone Specs Database phonedb net SlimPort www slimportconnect com Analogix announces DisplayPort transmitter 26 August 2006 Archived from the original on 24 June 2013 Retrieved 10 August 2009 Chrontel Genesis Microchip GNSS Q4 2006 Earnings Conference Call Seeking Alpha 2 May 2006 Retrieved 16 July 2007 Samsung touts development of first DisplayPort desktop LCD TG Daily 25 July 2006 Archived from the original on 26 September 2007 Retrieved 25 July 2007 Worldwide First DisplayPort MB 25 March 2008 Archived from the original on 15 January 2009 Retrieved 10 August 2009 DataPro DisplayPort Cables MSI announces video adaptor with DisplayPort 17 January 2008 Archived from the original on 19 December 2013 Retrieved 10 August 2009 External links EditDisplayPort the official site operated by VESA Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title DisplayPort amp oldid 1142758233, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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