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Complex volcano

A complex volcano, also called a compound volcano or a volcanic complex, is a mixed landform consisting of related volcanic centers and their associated lava flows and pyroclastic rock.[1] They may form due to changes in eruptive habit or in the location of the principal vent area on a particular volcano.[2] Stratovolcanoes can also form a large caldera that gets filled in by a lava dome, or else multiple small cinder cones, lava domes and craters may develop on the caldera's rim.[2][3]

Homa Mountain, Kenya in 1994
An eruption of Pacaya, Guatemala in 1976
Mount Banahaw, Luzon, the Philippines in 1989
Kelimutu, Flores, Indonesia

Although a comparatively unusual type of volcano, they are widespread in the world and in geologic history. Metamorphosed ash flow tuffs are widespread in the Precambrian rocks of northern New Mexico, which indicates that caldera complexes have been important for much of Earth's history. Yellowstone National Park is on three partly covered caldera complexes. The Long Valley Caldera in eastern California is also a complex volcano; the San Juan Mountains in southwestern Colorado are formed on a group of Neogene-age caldera complexes, and most of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic rocks of Nevada, Idaho, and eastern California are also caldera complexes and their erupted ash flow tuffs. The Bennett Lake Caldera in British Columbia and the Yukon Territory is another example of a Cenozoic (Eocene) caldera complex.

Examples Edit

See also Edit

  • Volcanic field – Area of Earth's crust prone to localized volcanic activity
  • Volcanic group – Collection of related volcanoes or volcanic landforms

References Edit

  1. ^ "Dieng Volcanic Complex – Volcano World – Oregon State University". volcano.oregonstate.edu. Oregon State University. 29 September 2010. Retrieved 2016-03-21.
  2. ^ a b c Rafferty, John P., ed. (2010). Plate Tectonics, Volcanoes, and Earthquakes. New York: Rosen Publishing. p. 174. ISBN 9781615301065.
  3. ^ Decker, Robert; Decker, Barbara (2006). Volcanoes (4th ed.). New York: W. H. Freeman and Company. p. 170. ISBN 9780716789291.
  4. ^ Teide Volcano. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-25893-0.

complex, volcano, volcano, complex, volcanic, complex, redirect, here, group, related, volcanos, volcanic, group, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, . Volcano complex and Volcanic complex redirect here For a group of related volcanos see Volcanic group This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Complex volcano news newspapers books scholar JSTOR March 2016 Learn how and when to remove this template message A complex volcano also called a compound volcano or a volcanic complex is a mixed landform consisting of related volcanic centers and their associated lava flows and pyroclastic rock 1 They may form due to changes in eruptive habit or in the location of the principal vent area on a particular volcano 2 Stratovolcanoes can also form a large caldera that gets filled in by a lava dome or else multiple small cinder cones lava domes and craters may develop on the caldera s rim 2 3 Homa Mountain Kenya in 1994An eruption of Pacaya Guatemala in 1976Mount Banahaw Luzon the Philippines in 1989Kelimutu Flores IndonesiaAlthough a comparatively unusual type of volcano they are widespread in the world and in geologic history Metamorphosed ash flow tuffs are widespread in the Precambrian rocks of northern New Mexico which indicates that caldera complexes have been important for much of Earth s history Yellowstone National Park is on three partly covered caldera complexes The Long Valley Caldera in eastern California is also a complex volcano the San Juan Mountains in southwestern Colorado are formed on a group of Neogene age caldera complexes and most of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic rocks of Nevada Idaho and eastern California are also caldera complexes and their erupted ash flow tuffs The Bennett Lake Caldera in British Columbia and the Yukon Territory is another example of a Cenozoic Eocene caldera complex Examples EditAkita Yake Yama Honshu Japan Asacha Kamchatka Peninsula Russia Asama Honshu Japan Kusatsu Shirane Kusatsu Gunma Japan Banahaw Luzon Philippines Bennett Lake Caldera British Columbia Yukon Canada Cumbre Vieja Canary Islands Spain Mount Edziza volcanic complex British Columbia Canada Galeras Colombia South America Grozny Group Kuril Islands Russia Hakone Japan Homa Mountain Kenya Irazu Volcano Costa Rica Ischia Italy Kelimutu Flores Indonesia Las Pilas Nicaragua Long Valley Caldera California United States Mount Mazama Oregon United States McDonald Islands Indian Ocean Australia Mount Meager massif British Columbia Canada Morne Trois Pitons Dominica Moutohora Island New Zealand Mundua New Britain Papua New Guinea Pacaya Guatemala Puyehue Cordon Caulle Chile Rincon de la Vieja Volcano Costa Rica Silverthrone Caldera British Columbia Canada St Andrew Strait Admiralty Islands Papua New Guinea Taal Volcano Batangas Philippines Mount Talinis Negros Oriental Philippines Taupo Volcano Taupo New Zealand Teide Volcano Canary Islands 4 Three Sisters Oregon Oregon United States 2 Te Tatua a Riukiuta Auckland New Zealand Tongariro New Zealand Vesuvius Italy Valles Caldera New Mexico United States Yellowstone Caldera Wyoming United States See also Edit nbsp Volcanoes portalVolcanic field Area of Earth s crust prone to localized volcanic activity Volcanic group Collection of related volcanoes or volcanic landformsReferences Edit Dieng Volcanic Complex Volcano World Oregon State University volcano oregonstate edu Oregon State University 29 September 2010 Retrieved 2016 03 21 a b c Rafferty John P ed 2010 Plate Tectonics Volcanoes and Earthquakes New York Rosen Publishing p 174 ISBN 9781615301065 Decker Robert Decker Barbara 2006 Volcanoes 4th ed New York W H Freeman and Company p 170 ISBN 9780716789291 Teide Volcano doi 10 1007 978 3 642 25893 0 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Complex volcano amp oldid 1166462302, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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