A volcanic crater is an approximately circular depression in the ground caused by volcanic activity.[1] It is typically a bowl-shaped feature containing one or more vents. During volcanic eruptions, molten magma and volcanic gases rise from an underground magma chamber, through a conduit, until they reach the crater's vent, from where the gases escape into the atmosphere and the magma is erupted as lava. A volcanic crater can be of large dimensions, and sometimes of great depth. During certain types of explosive eruptions, a volcano's magma chamber may empty enough for an area above it to subside, forming a type of larger depression known as a caldera.
In most volcanoes, the crater is situated at the top of a mountain formed from the erupted volcanic deposits such as lava flows and tephra. Volcanoes that terminate in such a summit crater are usually of a conical form. Other volcanic craters may be found on the flanks of volcanoes, and these are commonly referred to as flank craters. Some volcanic craters may fill either fully or partially with rain and/or melted snow, forming a crater lake.[2]
A crater may be breached during an eruption, either by explosions or by lava, or through later erosion. Breached craters have a much lower rim on one side.
Some volcanoes, such as maars, consist of a crater alone, with scarcely any mountain at all. These volcanic explosion craters are formed when magma rises through water-saturated rocks, which causes a phreatic eruption. Volcanic craters from phreatic eruptions often occur on plains away from other obvious volcanoes. Not all volcanoes form craters.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Volcanic craters.
Caldera – Cauldron-like volcanic feature formed by the emptying of a magma chamber
Referencesedit
^"Glossary of Terms: C". physicalgeography.net. Retrieved 2008-04-12.
^"Volcanic Craters". US National Park Service. Retrieved 30 June 2023.
January 27, 2024
volcanic, crater, volcanic, crater, approximately, circular, depression, ground, caused, volcanic, activity, typically, bowl, shaped, feature, containing, more, vents, during, volcanic, eruptions, molten, magma, volcanic, gases, rise, from, underground, magma,. A volcanic crater is an approximately circular depression in the ground caused by volcanic activity 1 It is typically a bowl shaped feature containing one or more vents During volcanic eruptions molten magma and volcanic gases rise from an underground magma chamber through a conduit until they reach the crater s vent from where the gases escape into the atmosphere and the magma is erupted as lava A volcanic crater can be of large dimensions and sometimes of great depth During certain types of explosive eruptions a volcano s magma chamber may empty enough for an area above it to subside forming a type of larger depression known as a caldera Craters on Nemrut volcano Craters on Mount CameroonThe volcanic crater of a Tangkuban Parahu mount Bandung IndonesiaGeomorphology editIn most volcanoes the crater is situated at the top of a mountain formed from the erupted volcanic deposits such as lava flows and tephra Volcanoes that terminate in such a summit crater are usually of a conical form Other volcanic craters may be found on the flanks of volcanoes and these are commonly referred to as flank craters Some volcanic craters may fill either fully or partially with rain and or melted snow forming a crater lake 2 A crater may be breached during an eruption either by explosions or by lava or through later erosion Breached craters have a much lower rim on one side Some volcanoes such as maars consist of a crater alone with scarcely any mountain at all These volcanic explosion craters are formed when magma rises through water saturated rocks which causes a phreatic eruption Volcanic craters from phreatic eruptions often occur on plains away from other obvious volcanoes Not all volcanoes form craters nbsp Irazu Volcano Costa RicaSee also edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Volcanic craters Caldera Cauldron like volcanic feature formed by the emptying of a magma chamberReferences edit Glossary of Terms C physicalgeography net Retrieved 2008 04 12 Volcanic Craters US National Park Service Retrieved 30 June 2023 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Volcanic crater amp oldid 1176231220, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
