For a taxonomic synonym of a genus of plants, see Centaurea.
Cheirolepis (from Greek: χείρkheír, 'hand' and Greek: λεπίςlepis 'scale')[4] is an extinct genus of ray-finned fish that lived in the Devonian period of Europe and North America. It is the only genus yet known within the family Cheirolepidae and the order Cheirolepiformes. It was among the most basal of the Devonian actinopterygians and is considered the first to possess the "standard" dermal cranial bones seen in later actinopterygians.
Cheirolepis was a predatory freshwater and estuarine animal about 55 centimetres (22 in) long. It had a streamlined body with small, triangular ganoid scales similar to those of the Acanthodii. These scales had a basic structure typical of many early osteichthyans, with a superficial of ganoine overlying dentine, and a basal plate of bone.[5]Cheirolepis had well-developed fins which gave it speed and stability, and was probably an active predator. Based on the size of its eyes, it hunted by sight. Cheirolepis's jaws, lined with sharp teeth, could be opened very wide, allowing it to swallow prey two thirds of its own size.[6]
Speciesedit
Cheirolepis trailli fossil at the Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin
Six possible species of Cheirolepis are currently known. The type species, named in 1835, is C. trailli. Remains of this species have been found from Scotland and date back to the Eifelian and Givetian stages of the Middle Devonian. C. canadensis was described in 1881 from material found in Miguasha, Canada that dated back to the middle Frasnian stage of the Late Devonian. Two species, C. gracilis and C. gaugeri, have been found from Germany and Belarus in deposits that are of Givetian age. They were first described in 1973 from scale material that is now of questionable validity. Another species has been found from Belarus that lived during the Eifelian, and has been named C. sinualis. A new species has recently been described from a locality in Red Hill, Nevada deposited during the Mid-Late Devonian boundary. The specimen from which this species was named, consisting of scales and a lower jaw, was originally referred to C. canadensis. New, more complete specimens have shown it to be distinct from the type, although a species name is yet to be given for the remains.[7]
Cheirolepis canadensis on display at the Miguasha National Park.
^Arratia, Gloria & Cloutier, Richard: A new cheirolepidid fish from the Middle-Upper Devonian of Red Hill, Nevada, USA 2017-03-15 at the Wayback Machine (PDF)
^Roberts, George (1839). An etymological and explanatory dictionary of the terms and language of geology. London: Longman, Orme, Brown, Green, & Longmans. p. 29. Retrieved 29 December 2021.
^Zylberberg, L.; Meunier, F. J.; Laurin, M. (2016). "A microanatomical and histological study of the postcranial dermal skeleton of the Devonian actinopterygian Cheirolepis canadensis". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 61 (2): 363–376. doi:10.4202/app.00161.2015.
^Palmer, D., ed. (1999). The Marshall Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs and Prehistoric Animals. London: Marshall Editions. p. 34. ISBN1-84028-152-9.
^Arratia, G. and Cloutier, R. (2004). A new cheirolepidid fish from the Middle-Upper Devonian of Red Hill, Nevada, USA. In: Arratia, G., Wilson, M. V. H. and Cloutier, B., eds., Recent Advances in the Origin and Early Radiation of Vertebrates. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil. München, Germany. pp. 583-598. ISBN3-89937-052-X
cheirolepis, taxonomic, synonym, genus, plants, centaurea, from, greek, χείρ, kheír, hand, greek, λεπίς, lepis, scale, extinct, genus, finned, fish, that, lived, devonian, period, europe, north, america, only, genus, known, within, family, cheirolepidae, order. For a taxonomic synonym of a genus of plants see Centaurea Cheirolepis from Greek xeir kheir hand and Greek lepis lepis scale 4 is an extinct genus of ray finned fish that lived in the Devonian period of Europe and North America It is the only genus yet known within the family Cheirolepidae and the order Cheirolepiformes It was among the most basal of the Devonian actinopterygians and is considered the first to possess the standard dermal cranial bones seen in later actinopterygians CheirolepisTemporal range Middle Devonian Late Devonian PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class Actinopterygii Subclass Chondrostei Order CheirolepiformesKazantzeva Selezneva 1977 3 Family CheirolepidaePander 1860 1 Genus CheirolepisAgassiz 1835 Type species C trailliAgassiz 1835 Other species C canadensis Whiteaves 1881 C gaugeri Gross 1973 C gracilis Gross 1973 C macrocephalus M Coy 1848 C sinualis Karatajute Talimaa 2 Cheirolepis was a predatory freshwater and estuarine animal about 55 centimetres 22 in long It had a streamlined body with small triangular ganoid scales similar to those of the Acanthodii These scales had a basic structure typical of many early osteichthyans with a superficial of ganoine overlying dentine and a basal plate of bone 5 Cheirolepis had well developed fins which gave it speed and stability and was probably an active predator Based on the size of its eyes it hunted by sight Cheirolepis s jaws lined with sharp teeth could be opened very wide allowing it to swallow prey two thirds of its own size 6 Species edit nbsp Cheirolepis trailli fossil at the Museum fur Naturkunde Berlin Six possible species of Cheirolepis are currently known The type species named in 1835 is C trailli Remains of this species have been found from Scotland and date back to the Eifelian and Givetian stages of the Middle Devonian C canadensis was described in 1881 from material found in Miguasha Canada that dated back to the middle Frasnian stage of the Late Devonian Two species C gracilis and C gaugeri have been found from Germany and Belarus in deposits that are of Givetian age They were first described in 1973 from scale material that is now of questionable validity Another species has been found from Belarus that lived during the Eifelian and has been named C sinualis A new species has recently been described from a locality in Red Hill Nevada deposited during the Mid Late Devonian boundary The specimen from which this species was named consisting of scales and a lower jaw was originally referred to C canadensis New more complete specimens have shown it to be distinct from the type although a species name is yet to be given for the remains 7 nbsp Cheirolepis canadensis on display at the Miguasha National Park References edit Cheirolepidae fossiilid info in Finnish Arratia Gloria amp Cloutier Richard A new cheirolepidid fish from the Middle Upper Devonian of Red Hill Nevada USA Archived 2017 03 15 at the Wayback Machine PDF Cheirolepiformes fossiilid info in Finnish Roberts George 1839 An etymological and explanatory dictionary of the terms and language of geology London Longman Orme Brown Green amp Longmans p 29 Retrieved 29 December 2021 Zylberberg L Meunier F J Laurin M 2016 A microanatomical and histological study of the postcranial dermal skeleton of the Devonian actinopterygian Cheirolepis canadensis Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 61 2 363 376 doi 10 4202 app 00161 2015 Palmer D ed 1999 The Marshall Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs and Prehistoric Animals London Marshall Editions p 34 ISBN 1 84028 152 9 Arratia G and Cloutier R 2004 A new cheirolepidid fish from the Middle Upper Devonian of Red Hill Nevada USA In Arratia G Wilson M V H and Cloutier B eds Recent Advances in the Origin and Early Radiation of Vertebrates Verlag Dr Friedrich Pfeil Munchen Germany pp 583 598 ISBN 3 89937 052 XExternal links editCheirolepis at Palaeos nbsp Paleontology portal Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Cheirolepis amp oldid 1182860941, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
