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Wikipedia

Bombardier Transportation

April 03, 2023

Bombardier Transportation was a Canadian-German rolling stock and rail transport manufacturer, headquartered in Berlin, Germany. It was one of the world's largest companies in the rail vehicle and equipment manufacturing and servicing industry. Bombardier Transportation had many regional offices, production and development facilities worldwide.[4][5] It produced a wide range of products including passenger rail vehicles, locomotives, bogies, propulsion and controls. In February 2020, the company had 36,000 employees, and 63 manufacturing and engineering locations around the world.[6] Formerly a division of Bombardier Inc., the company was acquired by French manufacturer Alstom on 29 January 2021.[2]

Bombardier Transportation
TypeSubsidiary
IndustryRail transportation
Founded1974; 49 years ago (1974)
Defunct29 January 2021; 2 years ago (29 January 2021)[1]
FateAcquired by Alstom[2]
HeadquartersBerlin, Germany
Area served
Worldwide
Products
RevenueUS$7.4 billion (2020)[3]
Number of employees
36,000 (2020)
ParentBombardier Inc.

History

20th century

1970s: Formation and first orders

Canadian company Bombardier Inc. entered the rail market in 1970 when it purchased Lohner-Rotax of Austria. While Lohner built trams, Bombardier was more interested in its Rotax business, which built engines for its Ski-Doo snowmobiles.[7] But Bombardier held onto the rolling stock business, and in 1974 secured an order from Société de transport de Montréal (STM) to build metro trains for the Montreal Metro.[8] The core of the transportation group was formed when Bombardier purchased the Montreal Locomotive Works (MLW) in 1975.[9] The purchase of MLW gave Bombardier a rail focused manufacuring facility, that had an established history building locomotives, freight railcars, and passenger railcars.

1980s: Expansion to the US and Europe

With the purchase of the MLW, Bombardier acquired the LRC (Light, Rapid, Comfortable) tilting train design which it heavily marketed to both Amtrak and Canada's Via Rail, however, the program was only modestly successful with Bombardier selling about 100 LRC coaches to Via. In 1987, Bombardier bought the assets of two major US railcar manufacturers, Budd and Pullman-Standard.[10] With these new assets, and no desire to remain in the business of building freight locomotives or freight cars, Bombardier sold off MLW to General Electric in 1988.

In the late 1980s Bombardier Transportation gained a manufacturing presence in Europe with the acquisition of a 45% share in BN Constructions Ferroviaires et Métalliques[8] (whose principal facility was in Bruges, Belgium) in 1986, and the acquisition of ANF Industrie (whose main plant was in Crespin, France) in 1989.[8]

1990s: Expansion to Mexico, Germany and the UK

Back home in Canada, 1991 brought a big expansion for Bombardier. The company was able to acquire the Urban Transportation Development Corporation (UTDC) from the Government of Ontario after its parent company Lavalin went bankrupt. In addition to the core UTDC assets, Bombardier also received the rail manufacturing division of Hawker Siddeley Canada which had been purchased by Lavalin and merged into UTDC. The Hawker Siddeley assets included a manufacturing plant in Thunder Bay, Ontario.

That same year in Europe, the company established its Bombardier Eurorail division consisting of ANF, BN, BWS (the former assets of Lohner), and the English bodyshell maker Prorail, which it had purchased in 1990.[8][11][12][13]

In 1992, the company acquired Mexico's largest railway rolling-stock manufacturer, Concarril, from the Mexican government.[14]

The late 1990s also saw an major expansion in European operations. The company purchased Waggonfabrik Talbot (whose factory was in Aachen, Germany) in 1995 and Deutsche Waggonbau (DW) in 1998, which added factories in Bautzen and Görlitz, Germany along with a plant in Villeneuve, Switzerland which DW had purchased the prior year from Ateliers de Constructions Mécaniques de Vevey.[15][8]

21st century

2000s: Western world's largest rail-equipment manufacturer

 
Bombardier's former Berlin headquarters in 2016

The company's biggest acquisition came just after the turn of the century when it purchased Adtranz from DaimlerChrysler. Adtranz was a sprawling multi-national company twice the size of Bombardier at the time, which had only become profitable in the months before the merger. The combination would make Bombardier the largest rail-equipment manufacturer.[16]

DaimlerChrysler agreed in August 2000 to sell Adtranz for US$711 million (equivalent to US$1.119 billion in 2021), a price considered to be low by industry analysts.[note 1][17][18] The sale was cleared by the European Union in April 2001 on the condition that Bombardier would license or sell the Adtranz regional train and tram products to Stadler Rail in the German market, due to the large market share of Bombardier and Adtranz in the country. The deal would make Stadler a viable independent company providing competition to Bombardier.[19][20] The takeover came into legal effect on 1 May 2001 with a final price of US$725 million.[21][22] After the purchase, Bombardier Transportation moved its head office to Europe, while keeping a few plants in the US and Canada for the smaller North American market.[23]

However, the merger was not smooth. Within weeks Bombardier said that it was misled about the financial situation of Adtranz, and the combination of the two companies took years to resolve.[24] One of the major issues was the sprawling footprint of the two companies in Europe. Even after closing some locations, in the early days after the merger Bombardier planned to operate 27 manufacturing sites across 14 countries. The number of sites meant that some would see the scope of their work decreased.[25][26]

In 2004, amid overcapacity in the European passenger train industry, Bombardier announced eight sites would close.[25][27] Later that year in September, DaimlerChrysler agreed to refund Bombardier US$209 million, making the final sale price for Adtranz just $516 million.[28][29][30]

2010s: Global operations and decline

The transportation division's financial woes continued into the 2010s, reflecting a broader trend within the company. Bombardier's aviation division racked up billions of dollars in debt developing the CSeries airliner and the Global 7000 business jet.

Between 2012 and 2015, the company announced the closure of several plants including the former Waggonfabrik Talbot plant in Germany,[31][32] and a factory in Australia, [33][34] and a facility in Hungary was nationalized.[35]

In the same period, Bombardier agreed to several potentally lucrative, but risky contracts to build R179 cars for the New York City Subway, the Fleet of the Future for San Francisco's Bay Area Rapid Transit, Flexity streetcars for Toronto, Aventra EMUs for the London Overground and Twindexx EMUs for Switzerland's SBB. Each of these contracts was valued between 600 million to 1.8 billion dollars, but each called for highly specialized, one-of-kind equipment, and many also included late-delivery penalties. Deliveries of each would be delayed, beset by software issues, and reliability problems once trains were placed in service.[36][37]

Under increasingly dire financial pressure, Bombardier Inc. announced in May 2015 that it planned to split or spin-off Bombardier Transportation as a separate publicly traded company, while retaining control as the majority owner.[38] The sale would generate money needed to continue the financing of the troubled CSeries jet,[39][40] and Transportation division managers said the independence would allow them to better compete with a growing Chinese presence in the European market.[41] An IPO was planned for late 2015.[42]

However, before the IPO could be floated, the Caisse de dépôt et placement du Québec (CDPQ) stepped in and agreed to give Bombardier a US$1.5 billion infusion of cash. In exchange CDPQ, a crown corporation which manages pension and insurance plans, would receive a 30% stake in the company. The deal was structured as a bond/equity hybrid, with shares returned to CDPQ dependent on the financial performance of the company.

Over the next few years, Bombardier worked to correct issues with the cars it agreed to build in the earlier half of the decade, and simplify production though more selective bidding, greater standardization and centralized procurement. It also planned to layoff thousands of workers in Germany.[43] However, the penalties the company was hit with for late deliveries wiped out many of the divisions profits. By 2018, Bombardier slipped to become the 3rd largest rail-equipment manufacturer in the Western World and fourth globally, eclipsed by CRRC, Siemens and Alstom.[44][45][46]

Between mid-2018 and late-2019, Bombardier started selling off many of its commercial aviation assets, notably selling the CSeries to Airbus. This left the company as a manufacturer of rail vehicles and business jets.

2021: Sale to Alstom

In February 2020, Alstom agreed to buy the Bombardier Transportation division and signed a memorandum of understanding to do so, for between €5.8 billion and €6.2 billion. The deal required approval by Alstom shareholders at a meeting held in October 2020, as well as approval by European regulators. Bombardier's major shareholder, Caisse de dépôt et placement du Québec, had already agreed to the sale.[47][48] In July 2020, the European Commission approved the sale.[49] Bombardier Inc. announced on 1 December 2020 that the transaction would be closed on 29 January 2021 for €4.4 billion.[50][51]

Products and services

Rapid transit rolling stock

 
MBTA Red Line train (Boston Subway)
 
Bucharest Metro second-generation trainset
 
Delhi Metro broad gauge train, manufactured by Bombardier
 
Toronto Rocket subway car
 
Regina train

Bombardier's standard metro vehicles are the mid-sized fully automated and driverless Innovia Metro with the option for linear induction motor propulsion or a conventional rotary motor, and the high-capacity customizable Movia platform, which is powered by conventional motors and can also be fully automated. In addition, Bombardier has produced many custom models not based on either model.

Monorails

The company's main product is the Innovia Monorail.

Note: Bombardier Transportation acquired Universal Mobility Incorporated's UM III technologies in 1989. UMI produced nine monorail systems from 1969 to 1984, which are included in the list above.[60]

Trams and light rail vehicles

Locomotives

 
LRC trainset

Bombardier's locomotives are mostly linked to their acquisition of Adtranz and Montreal Locomotive Works, as well as joint venture with Alstom.

 
TRAXX electric locomotive

Other than the LRC, all other locomotives were based on European designs.

Passenger cars

Regular-speed multiple-unit trains

High-speed trains

 
Acela train

People movers

Bombardier also supplies propulsion units, train-control systems, bogies, and other parts, and maintains train fleets.

Services

In addition to manufacturing a wide variety of passenger rail vehicles and locomotives, Bombardier Transportation provides services for commuter train providers.

Facilities

Bombardier Transportation has production facilities or product development in:

Legal issues

Deutsche Bahn

In early 2013, Deutsche Bahn announced that it was suing Bombardier for €350 million because of some serious defects in trains used on the suburban S-Bahn rail network in Berlin. This was in addition to the €160 million it was asking for from Bombardier because of problems with more than 200 regional trains operating in southern Germany and problems with the brakes in regional and local trains in Munich.[75] The matter was settled out of court in March 2015. Lutz Bertling, head of Bombardier's transportation division at the time, confirmed the two firms had come to an agreement, saying: "The settlement is a positive signal for our future cooperation."[76]

Everline

In January 2015, the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) reported[77][78][79] that South Korea's Special Investigation Unit for anti-corruption produced a report accusing Bombardier Transportation of corruption in the pursuit of the 2004 contract to build an 18 km (11 mi) elevated Light Rapid Transit (LRT) rail system called the Everline connecting the Giheung Station on the Bundang (Yellow Line) of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway system to a large amusement park named Everland, via Yongin, the 12th largest city in South Korea, about 30 km (19 mi) from central Seoul.

The investigation report alleges that Bombardier provided gifts and trips to Canada for civil servants and politicians involved in the contract decision, which was based on revenue expected from an inflated estimate of 180,000 passengers per day using the service. It also alleges that Bombardier created a $2-million slush fund for the Canadian citizen Kim Hak-Pil, a high-ranking Bombardier executive in South Korea. Bombardier has consistently denied the corruption allegations, stating that "They were not pleasure trips. There is a need to convince the people that our technology works well.... If it had been corruption, they would have charged us." The statute of limitations has now expired, due to lack of evidence according to Bombardier.

Everline operation has been financially troubled since construction was completed in 2010.[80] The system remained dormant until service began in 2013[81] while the line owner successfully negotiated with the city of Yongin a minimum revenue guarantee of 29.5 billion KRW[82] per year regardless of passenger load.[83] This is said to be a serious burden for the city because ridership is reported to have risen to only about 20,000 passengers per day on the 30 carriages, or about a quarter of the maximum possible capacity of the fleet in a 12-hour day. A reason suggested for this is the fare of 1100 KRW (about US$1 in 2015); it is impossible to pay for Everline trips via a transfer surcharge on a connecting subway ticket. A 2014 web page[84] of a Seoul tour service retailer makes no mention of the Everline among the suggested modes of bus transport between Seoul and Everland. A lawyer who filed legal action on behalf of the citizens of Yongin is reported to have provided details about Bombardier's pursuit of the contract. He said that "between 2003 and 2005, Bombardier funded three luxurious trips to Canada to each of 37 people" including 18 Yongin city councillors on so-called "LRT field trips".[77][78]

 
Toronto Flexity streetcars in December 2018

Toronto Transit Commission

On 16 October 2015, the Toronto Transit Commission (TTC) announced that it has asked its board to consider legal action against Bombardier. TTC staff is recommending that the TTC board "commence legal action, or make a claim allowed for already in the contract, of $50 million for late delivery" against Bombardier. Bombardier had committed to delivering 67 custom-built Flexity Outlook streetcars to the TTC by October 2015 for its streetcar system, but only 10 were in service at the time.[85][86]

On 28 October 2015, the TTC board voted in favour of a lawsuit against Bombardier "for at least $50 million to recoup lost costs", according to Chair Josh Colle, because of the company's failure to deliver the additional new streetcars.[87]

See also

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bombardier Transportation.

Notes

  1. ^ The price would be subject to the acquired company entering profitability in the following year – if not the sale price would be reduced.[17]

References

  • (PDF). Japan Railway & Transport Review (42): 17–25. December 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 June 2011. Retrieved 1 December 2009.

Footnotes

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  2. ^ a b "A transformational step for Alstom: completion of the acquisition of Bombardier Transportation". Alstom Press releases and news. 29 January 2021.
  3. ^ David Burroughs (15 February 2021). "Bombardier Transportation revenue drops in 2020". IRJ – International Railway Journal.
  4. ^ Bombardier Inc. "Bombardier Transportation Relocates Global Headquarters within Berlin". bombardier.com l. Retrieved 4 July 2017.
  5. ^ Bombardier Inc. "Bombardier Transportation | Phone 4930986070 | Berlin, Germany". 2findlocal.com. Retrieved 1 March 2017.
  6. ^ "About Transportation". Bombardier Inc. Retrieved 25 February 2020.
  7. ^ Van Praet, Nicolas (29 January 2021). "Alstom CEO says 'several years' needed to fix Bombardier's rail business, but no plans to shut Ontario, Quebec plants". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t JRTR 2005, n.42.
  9. ^ Bombardier takes over MLW Railway Gazette International February 1975 page 45
  10. ^ Bombardier buys Budd passenger car designs Railway Age October 1987 page 37
  11. ^ . investing.businessweek.com. Bloomberg. Archived from the original on 14 October 2012. Retrieved 29 June 2010.
  12. ^ . www.abvv-bombardier.dommel.be (in Dutch). ABVV (General Federation of Belgian Labour. Archived from the original on 6 July 2011. Retrieved 29 June 2011.
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  14. ^ "Company News: Mexican Unit To Bombardier". The New York Times. Associated Press. 10 April 1992. Retrieved 23 December 2013.
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  17. ^ a b . Railway Age. September 2000. Archived from the original on 29 March 2015.
  18. ^ "Bombardier agrees to buy Adtranz" Railway Gazette International September 2000 page 601
  19. ^ "Commission clears takeover of ADtranz by Bombardier, subject to commitments". europa.eu (Press release). Europa (web portal). 3 April 2001.
  20. ^ For Adtranz read Bombardier The Railway Magazine issue 1203 July 2001 page 10
  21. ^ "Bombardier's Acquisition of Adtranz Now Completed". www.allbusiness.com. Business Wire. 30 April 2001.
  22. ^ "DaimlerChrysler sells train division". cdnedge.bbc.co.uk. BBC News. 4 August 2000.
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  31. ^ , Bombardier, 7 November 2012, archived from the original on 15 May 2013
  32. ^ "Bombardier schließt Bahn-Fahrzeugwerk in Aachen", www.welt.de (in German), 18 October 2012
  33. ^ "Bombardier to downsize and close M'boro factory", www.frasercoastchronicle.com.au, 22 September 2014
  34. ^ Adcock, Francis (18 December 2015), "Maryborough train manufacturing base closes after nearly 40 years in operation, 19 finish up work", www.abc.net.au
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  36. ^ Briginshaw, David (18 February 2020). "Alstom Acquiring Bombardier Transportation". Railway Age. Retrieved 5 January 2023.
  37. ^ "What went wrong at Bombardier? Everything". montrealgazette. Retrieved 3 February 2021.
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  39. ^ "Caisse de dépôt buys US$1.5-billion stake in Bombardier rail division". Montreal Gazette. 19 November 2015.
  40. ^ Tomesco, Frederic; Deveau, Scott (19 November 2015), "Bombardier Gets $1.5 Billion Caisse Deal, Drops Rail IPO", www.bloomberg.com
  41. ^ Reguly, Eric (9 June 2015). "Chinese market drives Bombardier Transportation IPO". The Globe and Mail.
  42. ^ "Bombardier confirms plans for Transportation IPO", www.railwaygazette.com, 7 May 2015
  43. ^ Reuters (29 June 2017). "Bombardier confirms up to 2,200 job cuts in Germany – BNN Bloomberg". BNN. Retrieved 16 September 2019. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
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  45. ^ Loesche, Dyfed (26 September 2017). "Chinese Big in Rolling Stock". Statista.
  46. ^ "World's largest train maker China's CRRC on uphill climb post-merger". Nikkei Asian Review. Retrieved 17 September 2019.
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  48. ^ "Alstom to take over Bombardier". Rail Technology. 18 February 2020. Retrieved 18 February 2020.[permanent dead link]
  49. ^ Alstom's acquisition of Bombardier Transportation cleared by European Commission Railway Gazette International 1 August 2020
  50. ^ Bombardier and Alstom Confirm Receipt of All Necessary Regulatory Approvals to Complete Bombardier Transportation Sale to Alstom
  51. ^ "Alstom completes Bombardier rail purchase for 4.4 billion euros". Reuters. 29 January 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
  52. ^ Josh Richman (5 October 2012). "BART board approves contract for 410 new train cars". San Jose Mercury News.
  53. ^ Douglas John Bowen (11 May 2012). "BART taps Bombardier; U.S. content at issue". Railway Age.
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April 03, 2023
bombardier, transportation, canadian, german, rolling, stock, rail, transport, manufacturer, headquartered, berlin, germany, world, largest, companies, rail, vehicle, equipment, manufacturing, servicing, industry, many, regional, offices, production, developme. Bombardier Transportation was a Canadian German rolling stock and rail transport manufacturer headquartered in Berlin Germany It was one of the world s largest companies in the rail vehicle and equipment manufacturing and servicing industry Bombardier Transportation had many regional offices production and development facilities worldwide 4 5 It produced a wide range of products including passenger rail vehicles locomotives bogies propulsion and controls In February 2020 the company had 36 000 employees and 63 manufacturing and engineering locations around the world 6 Formerly a division of Bombardier Inc the company was acquired by French manufacturer Alstom on 29 January 2021 2 Bombardier TransportationTypeSubsidiaryIndustryRail transportationFounded1974 49 years ago 1974 Defunct29 January 2021 2 years ago 29 January 2021 1 FateAcquired by Alstom 2 HeadquartersBerlin GermanyArea servedWorldwideProductsLocomotivesPassenger railroad carsTramsPeople moversSignalling systemsRevenueUS 7 4 billion 2020 3 Number of employees36 000 2020 ParentBombardier Inc Contents 1 History 1 1 20th century 1 1 1 1970s Formation and first orders 1 1 2 1980s Expansion to the US and Europe 1 1 3 1990s Expansion to Mexico Germany and the UK 1 2 21st century 1 2 1 2000s Western world s largest rail equipment manufacturer 1 2 2 2010s Global operations and decline 1 2 3 2021 Sale to Alstom 2 Products and services 2 1 Rapid transit rolling stock 2 2 Monorails 2 3 Trams and light rail vehicles 2 4 Locomotives 2 5 Passenger cars 2 6 Regular speed multiple unit trains 2 7 High speed trains 2 8 People movers 3 Services 4 Facilities 5 Legal issues 5 1 Deutsche Bahn 5 2 Everline 5 3 Toronto Transit Commission 6 See also 7 Notes 8 ReferencesHistory Edit20th century Edit 1970s Formation and first orders Edit Canadian company Bombardier Inc entered the rail market in 1970 when it purchased Lohner Rotax of Austria While Lohner built trams Bombardier was more interested in its Rotax business which built engines for its Ski Doo snowmobiles 7 But Bombardier held onto the rolling stock business and in 1974 secured an order from Societe de transport de Montreal STM to build metro trains for the Montreal Metro 8 The core of the transportation group was formed when Bombardier purchased the Montreal Locomotive Works MLW in 1975 9 The purchase of MLW gave Bombardier a rail focused manufacuring facility that had an established history building locomotives freight railcars and passenger railcars 1980s Expansion to the US and Europe Edit With the purchase of the MLW Bombardier acquired the LRC Light Rapid Comfortable tilting train design which it heavily marketed to both Amtrak and Canada s Via Rail however the program was only modestly successful with Bombardier selling about 100 LRC coaches to Via In 1987 Bombardier bought the assets of two major US railcar manufacturers Budd and Pullman Standard 10 With these new assets and no desire to remain in the business of building freight locomotives or freight cars Bombardier sold off MLW to General Electric in 1988 In the late 1980s Bombardier Transportation gained a manufacturing presence in Europe with the acquisition of a 45 share in BN Constructions Ferroviaires et Metalliques 8 whose principal facility was in Bruges Belgium in 1986 and the acquisition of ANF Industrie whose main plant was in Crespin France in 1989 8 1990s Expansion to Mexico Germany and the UK Edit Back home in Canada 1991 brought a big expansion for Bombardier The company was able to acquire the Urban Transportation Development Corporation UTDC from the Government of Ontario after its parent company Lavalin went bankrupt In addition to the core UTDC assets Bombardier also received the rail manufacturing division of Hawker Siddeley Canada which had been purchased by Lavalin and merged into UTDC The Hawker Siddeley assets included a manufacturing plant in Thunder Bay Ontario That same year in Europe the company established its Bombardier Eurorail division consisting of ANF BN BWS the former assets of Lohner and the English bodyshell maker Prorail which it had purchased in 1990 8 11 12 13 In 1992 the company acquired Mexico s largest railway rolling stock manufacturer Concarril from the Mexican government 14 The late 1990s also saw an major expansion in European operations The company purchased Waggonfabrik Talbot whose factory was in Aachen Germany in 1995 and Deutsche Waggonbau DW in 1998 which added factories in Bautzen and Gorlitz Germany along with a plant in Villeneuve Switzerland which DW had purchased the prior year from Ateliers de Constructions Mecaniques de Vevey 15 8 21st century Edit 2000s Western world s largest rail equipment manufacturer Edit Bombardier s former Berlin headquarters in 2016The company s biggest acquisition came just after the turn of the century when it purchased Adtranz from DaimlerChrysler Adtranz was a sprawling multi national company twice the size of Bombardier at the time which had only become profitable in the months before the merger The combination would make Bombardier the largest rail equipment manufacturer 16 DaimlerChrysler agreed in August 2000 to sell Adtranz for US 711 million equivalent to US 1 119 billion in 2021 a price considered to be low by industry analysts note 1 17 18 The sale was cleared by the European Union in April 2001 on the condition that Bombardier would license or sell the Adtranz regional train and tram products to Stadler Rail in the German market due to the large market share of Bombardier and Adtranz in the country The deal would make Stadler a viable independent company providing competition to Bombardier 19 20 The takeover came into legal effect on 1 May 2001 with a final price of US 725 million 21 22 After the purchase Bombardier Transportation moved its head office to Europe while keeping a few plants in the US and Canada for the smaller North American market 23 However the merger was not smooth Within weeks Bombardier said that it was misled about the financial situation of Adtranz and the combination of the two companies took years to resolve 24 One of the major issues was the sprawling footprint of the two companies in Europe Even after closing some locations in the early days after the merger Bombardier planned to operate 27 manufacturing sites across 14 countries The number of sites meant that some would see the scope of their work decreased 25 26 In 2004 amid overcapacity in the European passenger train industry Bombardier announced eight sites would close 25 27 Later that year in September DaimlerChrysler agreed to refund Bombardier US 209 million making the final sale price for Adtranz just 516 million 28 29 30 2010s Global operations and decline Edit The transportation division s financial woes continued into the 2010s reflecting a broader trend within the company Bombardier s aviation division racked up billions of dollars in debt developing the CSeries airliner and the Global 7000 business jet Between 2012 and 2015 the company announced the closure of several plants including the former Waggonfabrik Talbot plant in Germany 31 32 and a factory in Australia 33 34 and a facility in Hungary was nationalized 35 In the same period Bombardier agreed to several potentally lucrative but risky contracts to build R179 cars for the New York City Subway the Fleet of the Future for San Francisco s Bay Area Rapid Transit Flexity streetcars for Toronto Aventra EMUs for the London Overground and Twindexx EMUs for Switzerland s SBB Each of these contracts was valued between 600 million to 1 8 billion dollars but each called for highly specialized one of kind equipment and many also included late delivery penalties Deliveries of each would be delayed beset by software issues and reliability problems once trains were placed in service 36 37 Under increasingly dire financial pressure Bombardier Inc announced in May 2015 that it planned to split or spin off Bombardier Transportation as a separate publicly traded company while retaining control as the majority owner 38 The sale would generate money needed to continue the financing of the troubled CSeries jet 39 40 and Transportation division managers said the independence would allow them to better compete with a growing Chinese presence in the European market 41 An IPO was planned for late 2015 42 However before the IPO could be floated the Caisse de depot et placement du Quebec CDPQ stepped in and agreed to give Bombardier a US 1 5 billion infusion of cash In exchange CDPQ a crown corporation which manages pension and insurance plans would receive a 30 stake in the company The deal was structured as a bond equity hybrid with shares returned to CDPQ dependent on the financial performance of the company Over the next few years Bombardier worked to correct issues with the cars it agreed to build in the earlier half of the decade and simplify production though more selective bidding greater standardization and centralized procurement It also planned to layoff thousands of workers in Germany 43 However the penalties the company was hit with for late deliveries wiped out many of the divisions profits By 2018 Bombardier slipped to become the 3rd largest rail equipment manufacturer in the Western World and fourth globally eclipsed by CRRC Siemens and Alstom 44 45 46 Between mid 2018 and late 2019 Bombardier started selling off many of its commercial aviation assets notably selling the CSeries to Airbus This left the company as a manufacturer of rail vehicles and business jets 2021 Sale to Alstom Edit In February 2020 Alstom agreed to buy the Bombardier Transportation division and signed a memorandum of understanding to do so for between 5 8 billion and 6 2 billion The deal required approval by Alstom shareholders at a meeting held in October 2020 as well as approval by European regulators Bombardier s major shareholder Caisse de depot et placement du Quebec had already agreed to the sale 47 48 In July 2020 the European Commission approved the sale 49 Bombardier Inc announced on 1 December 2020 that the transaction would be closed on 29 January 2021 for 4 4 billion 50 51 Products and services EditRapid transit rolling stock Edit New York City Subway R62A car MBTA Red Line train Boston Subway CTA 5000 in Chicago Bucharest Metro second generation trainset New York City Subway R142 car New York City Subway R179 car London Underground 2009 Stock Delhi Metro broad gauge train manufactured by Bombardier Toronto Rocket subway car Bombardier Innovia Metro 300 car at Vancouver Skytrain Regina train Bombardier s standard metro vehicles are the mid sized fully automated and driverless Innovia Metro with the option for linear induction motor propulsion or a conventional rotary motor and the high capacity customizable Movia platform which is powered by conventional motors and can also be fully automated In addition Bombardier has produced many custom models not based on either model AirTrain JFK Innovia ART 200 ART Mark II Ankara Metro Modified H 6 BART Fleet of the Future Type D and E cars 52 53 Beijing Subway QKZ5 cars for the Airport Express line Berlin U Bahn H amp HK train stocks Boston MBTA 3 Red Line cars 01800 series Bucharest Metro Movia 346 for lines 1 2 and 3 Chicago L 5000 series Delhi Metro Broad gauge Movia trainsets 54 55 Detroit People Mover Innovia ART 100 ART Mark I Docklands Light Railway all rolling stock Helsinki Metro M200 Hong Kong MTR A Stock Crossrail London Aventra Class 345 56 London Underground 2009 Stock Victoria line S Stock subsurface routes London Overground British Rail Class 378 in 2009 and British Rail Class 710 in 2019 Montreal Metro MR 73 MPM 10 Mexico City Metro NC 82 First Canadian Rolling Stock Based on Mexican NM79 Series NM 02 Co Built with CAF and Bombardier participated in the Refurbish and Rehabilitation Program for Alstom original MP68 rolling stock New York City Subway R62A R110B R142 and R179 Rapid KL Innovia ART 200 and 300 ART Mark II and Mark III cars for the Kelana Jaya Line Rotterdam Metro Series 5300 Series 5400 Series 5500 R Stock RSG3 and 5600 Series R Stock SG3 Shanghai Metro Movia 456 Singapore MRT Movia C951 for Downtown MRT Line in 2013 Movia R151 for North South and East West Lines Stockholm metro The new C30 stock cars being introduced in 2020 Taipei Rapid Transit System The extension line of Muzha Line system which entered official operation on 4 July 2009 Innovia APM 256 Toronto subway S series produced by the Urban Transportation Development Corporation T series and TR series based on Movia Vancouver Skytrain Innovia ART 100 200 and 300 ART Mark I Mark II and Mark III Monorails Edit The company s main product is the Innovia Monorail Cairo Monorail Two lines 42 km 26 mi October City to suburban Giza and 54 km 34 mi Nasr City to New Cairo Egypt under construction due to open between 2022 2023 57 58 Cal Expo monorail 1968 Carowinds Monorail 1973 system closed in 1994 and sold to Vidafel Mayan Palace Resort in Acapulco Mexico but still not in use 59 Hersheypark monorail 1968 now as BlueCross monorail and acquired additional cars from Six Flags Magic Mountain Jacksonville Skyway monorail 1997 system built by Bombardier King Abdullah Financial District in Riyadh Saudi Arabia 3 6 km 2 2 mi Bombardier Innovia Monorail 300 under construction King s Dominion 1975 dismantled in the 1990s when the Safari Village attraction was closed and sold to Jungle Jim s International Market Kings Island Action Zone monorail 1974 system removed in 1994 Las Vegas Monorail 1995 The Mark VI monorail still in operation today Line 15 Silver 2014 Sao Paulo Brazil 24 km 15 mi line INNOVIA Monorail 300 Minnesota Zoo s Northern Trail monorail 1979 Six Flags Magic Mountain Metro 1971 closed 2001 with cars sold to Hersheypark and system dismantled in 2011 Tampa International Airport monorail 1991 system built by Bombardier Walt Disney World Resort 1989 The Mark VI monorail still in operation today Miami MetroZoo 1984 system and cars acquired from 1984 Louisiana World ExpositionNote Bombardier Transportation acquired Universal Mobility Incorporated s UM III technologies in 1989 UMI produced nine monorail systems from 1969 to 1984 which are included in the list above 60 Trams and light rail vehicles Edit Cobra Eurotram Flexity Family Flexity Outlook Cityrunner Flexity Outlook Toronto streetcar Flexity Freedom Toronto Eglinton Crosstown LRT Waterloo Ion LRT and Edmonton Valley Line LRT Flexity Classic Flexity Swift Flexity Link tram train BOCLF70 BerlinFlexity Berlin Flexity 2 Bombardier Flexity Melbourne Incentro Max Light Rail Type 1 LRV in Portland Oregon 1984 1986 Variotram unit used on Helsinki tram network only the Variotram brand has since to Stadler Rail Locomotives Edit LRC trainset Bombardier s locomotives are mostly linked to their acquisition of Adtranz and Montreal Locomotive Works as well as joint venture with Alstom TRAXX electric locomotive ALP 46 electric locomotive ALP 45DP dual mode locomotive EP10 electric locomotive LRC diesel locomotive Bombardier Alstom HHP 8 electric locomotive Iore electric locomotive TRAXX electric and diesel electric locomotives FS Class E 464 electric locomotiveOther than the LRC all other locomotives were based on European designs Passenger cars Edit Multi Level car BiLevel Coach commuter rail MultiLevel Coach commuter rail Double deck Coach now renamed Twindexx Comet coaches commuter rail Horizon coaches intercity rail Shoreliner coaches commuter rail LRC coaches Superliner II intercity railRegular speed multiple unit trains Edit Gautrain Bombardier Electrostar Aventra EMU successor for the Electrostar Adelaide Metro A City 4000 Class AGC Autorail a grande capacite Dual mode or electric MU regional train Electrostar EMU see also British Rail Classes 357 375 376 377 378 379 and 387 Highliner Double deck EMU commuter trains for Metra IC3 EMU or DMU CP2000 Portuguese Railways Class 3400 61 EA202 series KRL i9000 In cooperation with INKA Industri Kereta Api for KA Commuter Jabodetabek M7 EMU commuter train for the Long Island Rail Road and Metro North Railroad MR 90 EMU commuter train for the Reseau de transport metropolitain Deux Montagnes line Interurban Multiple Unit 160 series Suburban Multiple Unit 260 series amp New Generation Rollingstock EMU s for Brisbane and South East Queensland RegioSwinger tilting DMU Talent DMU or EMU regional train Talent 2 EMU regional train Talent 3 EMU regional train Business to be transferred to CAF in 2022 Turbostar DMU counterpart to the Electrostar see also British Rail Classes 168 170 171 and 172 VLocity DMU trains for V Line Spacium Le Francilien EMU commuter train for the Transilien H K J L and P lines Sprinter Lighttrain 4 car EMU regional rail trainset for Nederlandse Spoorwegen Omneo EMU for French operator SNCF Twindexx EMU variation of the former German double deck coach cars EA203 series Airport train operated by Railink They use Bombardier MITRAC engines Body made by PT INKAHigh speed trains Edit Acela train Acela leader of a project in which Alstom is a participant Intercity Express participant in a Siemens led project JetTrain experimental Regina Voyager Super Voyager and Meridian diesel electric multiple units Zefiro trainsets built for the Chinese market which have a maximum speed of 380 kilometres per hour 240 mph 62 Business to be transferred to Hitachi Rail in 2022 63 AVE S 102 Talgo 350 and Alvia S 130 Talgo 250 with Talgo People movers Edit Guided Light Transit GLT Bombardier InnoviaBombardier also supplies propulsion units train control systems bogies and other parts and maintains train fleets Services EditIn addition to manufacturing a wide variety of passenger rail vehicles and locomotives Bombardier Transportation provides services for commuter train providers Maintenance Bombardier Transportation has several maintenance contracts for the servicing of commuter trains This includes fuelling storage train washing and upkeep Some of its key clients are GO Transit MARC Train Reseau de transport metropolitain FrontRunner and Metrolink NCTD Coaster Phase II livery Bombardier BiLevel Coach cab car at the San Diego Santa Fe Depot Train operation Bombardier Transportation operates a number of commuter and light rail systems under contract with various transit agencies It has been the operator for six of the seven GO Transit commuter train lines in Ontario since 2008 As of February 2015 It now operates all GO Transit rail train lines In 2015 it also began the operation of the Union Pearson Express airport link in Toronto Other systems operated by Bombardier include SunRail in central Florida MARC Train s Brunswick and Camden Lines in Washington and Maryland the Sprinter and Coaster lines in the San Diego area and the River Line in New Jersey 64 The company also operates a number of airport people mover systems typically systems it built such as the AirTrain JFK and AirTrain Newark in New York City under contract with the Port Authority of New York amp New Jersey From 2012 2013 the Savli factory India is also planned to assemble Electro Motive Diesel products for Asian customers 65 In November 2016 Bombardier Transportation signed an eight year contract worth of 331 million to supply operating and maintaining services with Reseau de transport metropolitain s six commuter rail lines in Montreal 66 Facilities EditBombardier Transportation has production facilities or product development in Africa South Africa Traction converter equipment factory at Isando opened 2016 67 Asia China Joint ventures with native companies Bombardier Sifang Qingdao Transportation Ltd CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles CRRC Puzhen Bombardier Transportation Systems Limited Bombardier NUG Propulsion and Signaling Systems Shentong Bombardier Shanghai Rail Transit Vehicle Maintenance Company 8 68 69 Together these joint ventures have produced over 4 700 railway passenger cars 580 electric locomotives and 3 000 metro cars Monorail APM and trams for China s growing rail transit market 70 India Movia car manufacturing and electrical component manufacture in Vadodara Gujarat 71 Europe Austria Sites include Bombardier Wien Schienenfahrzeuge former Lohner Werke Belgium Passenger vehicles 8 at former BN Constructions Ferroviaries et Metalliques plant Czech Republic freight rolling stock 8 Denmark Continues production of IC3 flexiliner passenger multiple units 8 France Regional and suburban trains metros 8 at former ANF Industrie plant in Crespin north of France Germany Major facilities for production of mass transit regional and high speed passenger trains Control systems 8 Diesel and electric locomotive manufacture Sites include Former LEW Hennigsdorf nr Berlin Former Henschel amp Son locomotive works in Kassel Former ABB Werk Sued Mannheim rail vehicle drive and control systems passenger and signalling systems inductive charging PRIMOVE as well as project management sales and fleet management 72 and others Former Waggonbau Gorlitz plant producing Double deck Coaches Greece From 1999 to 2009 he manufactured train parts for the then OSE SA which were assembled by the Hellenic Shipyards Skaramaga with other companies Hungary Italy Production site for FS Class E 464 at former Tecnomasio plant in Vado Ligure Norway Servicing of Adtranz products NSB Class 73 and GMB Class 71 built at former Adtranz factory in Strommen 8 see Strommens Vaerksted also manufactures NSB Class 93 8 Poland Bombardier Transportation Polska includes manufacturing site in Wroclaw former Pafawag factory Katowice Lodz and Warsaw 8 73 Romania Underground trains in Bucharest mass transport Spain Trapagaran 8 Sweden Production engineering development 8 Also manufactures Regina EMUs Switzerland Research and design propulsion and bogies also manufacture of high capacity double decker passenger vehicles 8 Sites include former Ateliers de Constructions Mecaniques de Vevey in Villeneuve United Kingdom Derby Litchurch Lane Works Manufacturing Turbostar Electrostar and Aventra passenger multiple units and London Underground Stock Such as the S stock 2009 Stock North America Canada Engineering facilities in Saint Bruno Quebec and Millhaven Ontario former Urban Transportation Development Corporation facility manufacturing facilities in Thunder Bay Ontario former Canadian Car amp Foundry Can Car Rail plant and La Pocatiere Quebec former Moto Ski plant 74 Mexico Ciudad Sahagun former Concarril factory engineering and production site 8 United States Plattsburgh New York West Mifflin Pennsylvania originally Westinghouse Electric and ADtranz 8 Pittsburg California originally AnsaldoBreda leased from Hitachi Rail Oceania Australia Bombardier Transportation Australia Ltd Dandenong Victoria and Milton Queensland South America Brazil Monorail manufacturing facility in Hortolandia Sao Paulo state 8 Legal issues EditDeutsche Bahn Edit In early 2013 Deutsche Bahn announced that it was suing Bombardier for 350 million because of some serious defects in trains used on the suburban S Bahn rail network in Berlin This was in addition to the 160 million it was asking for from Bombardier because of problems with more than 200 regional trains operating in southern Germany and problems with the brakes in regional and local trains in Munich 75 The matter was settled out of court in March 2015 Lutz Bertling head of Bombardier s transportation division at the time confirmed the two firms had come to an agreement saying The settlement is a positive signal for our future cooperation 76 Everline Edit In January 2015 the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation CBC reported 77 78 79 that South Korea s Special Investigation Unit for anti corruption produced a report accusing Bombardier Transportation of corruption in the pursuit of the 2004 contract to build an 18 km 11 mi elevated Light Rapid Transit LRT rail system called the Everline connecting the Giheung Station on the Bundang Yellow Line of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway system to a large amusement park named Everland via Yongin the 12th largest city in South Korea about 30 km 19 mi from central Seoul The investigation report alleges that Bombardier provided gifts and trips to Canada for civil servants and politicians involved in the contract decision which was based on revenue expected from an inflated estimate of 180 000 passengers per day using the service It also alleges that Bombardier created a 2 million slush fund for the Canadian citizen Kim Hak Pil a high ranking Bombardier executive in South Korea Bombardier has consistently denied the corruption allegations stating that They were not pleasure trips There is a need to convince the people that our technology works well If it had been corruption they would have charged us The statute of limitations has now expired due to lack of evidence according to Bombardier Everline operation has been financially troubled since construction was completed in 2010 80 The system remained dormant until service began in 2013 81 while the line owner successfully negotiated with the city of Yongin a minimum revenue guarantee of 29 5 billion KRW 82 per year regardless of passenger load 83 This is said to be a serious burden for the city because ridership is reported to have risen to only about 20 000 passengers per day on the 30 carriages or about a quarter of the maximum possible capacity of the fleet in a 12 hour day A reason suggested for this is the fare of 1100 KRW about US 1 in 2015 it is impossible to pay for Everline trips via a transfer surcharge on a connecting subway ticket A 2014 web page 84 of a Seoul tour service retailer makes no mention of the Everline among the suggested modes of bus transport between Seoul and Everland A lawyer who filed legal action on behalf of the citizens of Yongin is reported to have provided details about Bombardier s pursuit of the contract He said that between 2003 and 2005 Bombardier funded three luxurious trips to Canada to each of 37 people including 18 Yongin city councillors on so called LRT field trips 77 78 Toronto Flexity streetcars in December 2018 Toronto Transit Commission Edit On 16 October 2015 the Toronto Transit Commission TTC announced that it has asked its board to consider legal action against Bombardier TTC staff is recommending that the TTC board commence legal action or make a claim allowed for already in the contract of 50 million for late delivery against Bombardier Bombardier had committed to delivering 67 custom built Flexity Outlook streetcars to the TTC by October 2015 for its streetcar system but only 10 were in service at the time 85 86 On 28 October 2015 the TTC board voted in favour of a lawsuit against Bombardier for at least 50 million to recoup lost costs according to Chair Josh Colle because of the company s failure to deliver the additional new streetcars 87 See also Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bombardier Transportation Germany portal Companies portal Trains portal Transport portalHyundai Rotem Kawasaki Heavy Industries Rolling Stock Company Nippon SharyoNotes Edit The price would be subject to the acquired company entering profitability in the following year if not the sale price would be reduced 17 References Edit Bombardier Transportation A Global Transportation Leader PDF Japan Railway amp Transport Review 42 17 25 December 2005 Archived from the original PDF on 13 June 2011 Retrieved 1 December 2009 Footnotes Bombardier Closes Sale of its Transportation business to Alstom Bombardier 29 January 2021 a b A transformational step for Alstom completion of the acquisition of Bombardier Transportation Alstom Press releases and news 29 January 2021 David Burroughs 15 February 2021 Bombardier Transportation revenue drops in 2020 IRJ International Railway Journal Bombardier Inc Bombardier Transportation Relocates Global Headquarters within Berlin bombardier com l Retrieved 4 July 2017 Bombardier Inc Bombardier Transportation Phone 4930986070 Berlin Germany 2findlocal com Retrieved 1 March 2017 About Transportation Bombardier Inc Retrieved 25 February 2020 Van Praet Nicolas 29 January 2021 Alstom CEO says several years needed to fix Bombardier s rail business but no plans to shut Ontario Quebec plants The Globe and Mail Retrieved 30 January 2021 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t JRTR 2005 n 42 Bombardier takes over MLW Railway Gazette International February 1975 page 45 Bombardier buys Budd passenger car designs Railway Age October 1987 page 37 Bombardier Prorail Limited investing businessweek com Bloomberg Archived from the original on 14 October 2012 Retrieved 29 June 2010 Geschiedenis 1855 www abvv bombardier dommel be in Dutch ABVV General Federation of Belgian Labour Archived from the original on 6 July 2011 Retrieved 29 June 2011 Miville Tremblay 1994 Le sang jaune de Bombardier la gestion de Laurent Beaudoin in French PUQ p 56 ISBN 9782760520974 Company News Mexican Unit To Bombardier The New York Times Associated Press 10 April 1992 Retrieved 23 December 2013 History Bombardier transportation ch Archived from the original on 26 June 2015 Retrieved 1 March 2017 Commission clears takeover of ADtranz by Bombardier subject to commitments PDF European Commission 3 April 2001 Retrieved 28 January 2023 a b Bombardier gets Adtranz for a bargain Railway Age September 2000 Archived from the original on 29 March 2015 Bombardier agrees to buy Adtranz Railway Gazette International September 2000 page 601 Commission clears takeover of ADtranz by Bombardier subject to commitments europa eu Press release Europa web portal 3 April 2001 For Adtranz read Bombardier The Railway Magazine issue 1203 July 2001 page 10 Bombardier s Acquisition of Adtranz Now Completed www allbusiness com Business Wire 30 April 2001 DaimlerChrysler sells train division cdnedge bbc co uk BBC News 4 August 2000 Not in service Inside Bombardier s delayed TTC streetcar deliveries thestar com Retrieved 9 October 2017 Tomesco Frederic 18 February 2020 It s the end of the line for Bombardier Transportation as Alstom buys train making business The Gazette Montreal Retrieved 22 March 2021 a b Bombardier Sets Course for the Future With New European Passenger Vehicle Manufacturing Network Strategy www thefreelibrary com Business Wire 13 November 2001 The Passenger Vehicle Manufacturing Network Strategy in Europe PDF 2 bombardier com Bombardier Transportation 13 November 2001 archived from the original PDF on 14 October 2013 David Briginshaw June 2004 Bombardier addresses overcapacity findarticles com Railway Age Bombardier to sue DaimlerChrysler International Railway Journal March 2002 Archived from the original on 29 March 2015 Industry giants in legal battle news bbc co uk BBC News 14 February 2002 Bombardier Reaches a Settlement Agreement With DaimlerChrysler www allbusiness com Business Wire 28 September 2004 Bombardier Announces Financial Results for the Third Quarter Ended September 30 2012 Press release Bombardier 7 November 2012 archived from the original on 15 May 2013 Bombardier schliesst Bahn Fahrzeugwerk in Aachen www welt de in German 18 October 2012 Bombardier to downsize and close M boro factory www frasercoastchronicle com au 22 September 2014 Adcock Francis 18 December 2015 Maryborough train manufacturing base closes after nearly 40 years in operation 19 finish up work www abc net au Joo Ference 8 January 2014 Hungary nationalises Bombardier plant www railjournal com Briginshaw David 18 February 2020 Alstom Acquiring Bombardier Transportation Railway Age Retrieved 5 January 2023 What went wrong at Bombardier Everything montrealgazette Retrieved 3 February 2021 The Canadian Press 7 May 2015 Bombardier to spin out rail unit in IPO but maintain control CBC Caisse de depot buys US 1 5 billion stake in Bombardier rail division Montreal Gazette 19 November 2015 Tomesco Frederic Deveau Scott 19 November 2015 Bombardier Gets 1 5 Billion Caisse Deal Drops Rail IPO www bloomberg com Reguly Eric 9 June 2015 Chinese market drives Bombardier Transportation IPO The Globe and Mail Bombardier confirms plans for Transportation IPO www railwaygazette com 7 May 2015 Reuters 29 June 2017 Bombardier confirms up to 2 200 job cuts in Germany BNN Bloomberg BNN Retrieved 16 September 2019 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a last has generic name help ALSTOM SIEMENS EU TO BLOCK THE DEAL ON ANTITRUST CONCERNS Bocconi Students Capital Markets Retrieved 17 September 2019 Loesche Dyfed 26 September 2017 Chinese Big in Rolling Stock Statista World s largest train maker China s CRRC on uphill climb post merger Nikkei Asian Review Retrieved 17 September 2019 Bombardier sells train making division to French multinational Alstom CBC News 17 February 2020 Retrieved 18 February 2020 Alstom to take over Bombardier Rail Technology 18 February 2020 Retrieved 18 February 2020 permanent dead link Alstom s acquisition of Bombardier Transportation cleared by European Commission Railway Gazette International 1 August 2020 Bombardier and Alstom Confirm Receipt of All Necessary Regulatory Approvals to Complete Bombardier Transportation Sale to Alstom Alstom completes Bombardier rail purchase for 4 4 billion euros Reuters 29 January 2021 Retrieved 22 June 2021 Josh Richman 5 October 2012 BART board approves contract for 410 new train cars San Jose Mercury News Douglas John Bowen 11 May 2012 BART taps Bombardier U S content at issue Railway Age Bombardier set to deliver 162 coaches to DMRC The Hindu BusinessLine 22 September 2016 Bombardier Wins Contract to Provide 162 MOVIA Vehicles to India s Delhi Metro Over 200 metres long providing space for up to 1 500 passengers Archived from the original on 11 September 2015 Retrieved 19 October 2018 Tawfeek Farah 21 December 2017 Egypt to build country s first ever monorail in Cairo www egyptindependent com Retrieved 29 May 2019 Cairo monorail trains to be built in UK BBC News 28 May 2019 Retrieved 29 May 2019 Carowinds The Early Years Carowindsearlyyears com Retrieved 1 March 2017 Transportation Group Buys S L Firm s Assets Deseret News 29 September 1989 Retrieved 4 February 2017 The assets of Universal Mobility Inc of Salt Lake City have been purchased by The Transportation Group Inc Orlando Fla a transit systems subsidiary of Bombardier Inc one of the work s largest rail transit vehicle manufacturers Home Bombardier com Archived from the original on 9 March 2012 Retrieved 1 March 2017 ZEFIRO High Speed Trains Bombardier Transportation websiwe Zefiro bombardier com Retrieved 1 March 2017 Alstom SA Alstom to transfer Bombardier Transportation s contribution to the V300 ZEFIRO very high speed train to Hitachi Rail December 2021 Wins New Operations and Maintenance Contract in New Jersey Bombardier com 1 October 2014 Retrieved 1 March 2017 Bombardier to assemble EMD locomotives for southeast Asia Railway Gazette International Retrieved 24 September 2012 Bombardier signs with AMT for new eight year 331 million contract Montrealgazette com Bombardier opens South African factory www railwaygazette com 25 August 2016 Bombardier Transportation Facilities in China Three Manufacturing Joint Ventures PDF Bombardier Transportation 2009 Bombardier China china bombardier com Retrieved 30 January 2021 Bombardier s Chinese JV to supply 16 new high speed train CR400AF cars Global Railway Review Retrieved 30 January 2021 Investing in India PDF Bombardier com Bombardier p 3 archived from the original PDF on 30 April 2014 retrieved 1 March 2017 Sybille Maas Muller 12 March 2015 SITE FACT SHEET Mannheim Germany PDF Bombardier Archived from the original PDF on 5 April 2016 Retrieved 12 March 2015 Bombardier Transportation in Poland PDF www bombardier com Bombardier Archived from the original PDF on 4 February 2013 Bombardier in Canada PDF archived from the original PDF on 13 March 2012 German railway files new suit against Bombardier www globalpost com 4 March 2013 archived from the original on 14 October 2013 UPDATE 1 Deutsche Bahn says has settled disputes with Bombardier Reuters 20 March 2015 Retrieved 17 June 2016 a b Marie Maude Denis and Martyne Bourdeau 28 January 2015 Bombardier Transportation accused of corruption in South Korea CBC Retrieved 2 February 2015 a b Marie Maude Denis and Martyne Bourdeau 28 January 2015 Allegations de corruption contre Bombardier en Coree du Sud in French Radio Canada Retrieved 2 February 2015 Marie Maude Denis with Chantal Cauchy 29 January 2015 Un Train Nomme Delire Television production Enquete in French Canada Radio Canada Retrieved 2 February 2015 YongIn Everline Yongin s White Elephant Kojects com 20 November 2011 Retrieved 1 March 2017 No Passengers on Yongin s Everline Kojects Kojects com 2 June 2013 Retrieved 1 March 2017 YongIn Everline to Finally Open For real this time Kojects Kojects com 20 November 2011 Retrieved 1 March 2017 Kwon Sang soo 1 June 2013 Yongin EverLine New train few passengers Korea JoongAng Daily JoongAng Ilbo Retrieved 2 February 2015 How to get to Everland from Seoul Transportation guide and discount ticket info Funtastic Korea Blog Funtastickorea com Archived from the original on 17 March 2016 Retrieved 1 March 2017 TTC asks its board to consider legal action against Bombardier CP24 16 October 2015 TTC considers suing Bombardier after new streetcar delay The Toronto Star 16 October 2015 TTC board votes to sue Bombardier over streetcars Citynews ca 28 October 2015 Retrieved 1 March 2017 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Bombardier Transportation amp oldid 1147935540, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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