This article is about trams sharing tracks with main-line railways. "Tram-train" can also refer to a train of two or more coupled trams operating on a regular tramway.
"Train-tram" redirects here. For the Siemens-Duewag train-tram, see RegioSprinter.
A tram-train is a type of light rail vehicle that both meets the standards of a light rail system, and also national mainline standards. Tramcars are adapted to be capable of running on streets like an urban tramway but also be permitted operation alongside mainline trains. This allows services that can utilise both existing urban light rail systems and mainline railway networks and stations. It combines the urban accessibility of a tram or light rail with a mainline train's greater speed in the suburbs.[1]
The tram-train often is a type of interurban[3] — that is, they link separate towns or cities, according to George W. Hilton and John F. Due's definition.[4]
Tram-train vehicles are dual-equipped to suit the needs of both tram and train operating modes, with support for multiple electrification voltages if required and safety equipment such as train stops and other railway signalling equipment. The Karlsruhe and Saarbrücken systems use "PZB" or "Indusi" automatic train protection, so that if the driver passes a signal at stop the emergency brakes are applied.
Historyedit
The idea is not new; in the early 20th century, interurban streetcar lines often operated on dedicated rights-of-way between towns, while running on street trackage in town. The first interurban to emerge in the United States was the Newark and Granville Street Railway in Ohio, which opened in 1889. In 1924, in Hobart, Australia, sharing of tracks between trams and trains was proposed.[5]
The difference between modern tram-trains and the older interurban and radial railways is that tram-trains are built to meet mainline railway standards, rather than ignoring them. An exception is the United States' River Line in New Jersey, which runs along freight tracks with time separation; passenger trains run by day, and freight by night.
Erlangen, Germany – an extension of Straßenbahn Nürnberg not initially planned to use mainline rail tracks but proposed to do so in the future. The planned line to Herzogenaurach replicates a former mainline rail line
Metro de Sevilla. Seville has one metro line and one tram line that are not connected, but the long-term intention is to link the metro and tram systems.
Oradea, Romania - The first romanian tram-train will be in Oradea, featuring several lines, and connecting the city to the villages near, like Bors, Băile Felix or Sântandrei. The tram-train in Oradea is in planning phase, some parts of the project already accepted by the local government.
Szeged, Hungary. Two other destinations are being considered as of January 2022 besides the Szeged - Hódmezővásárhely line, which entered operation in November 2021. The Szeged - Subotica (Serbia) line is in early planning phase.[14] A preparatory study was also completed for the Szeged - Makó line,[15] but the estimated costs were high, and it is also dependent on a new road-rail bridge over the river Tisa only in planning phase as of now.
^Hilton, George Woodman; Due, John Fitzgerald (2000) [1960]. The Electric Interurban Railways in America. Stanford University Press. Original preface, 1960 page ix.
^"TRAMS AND TRAINS". The Mercury. Hobart, Tasmania. 12 February 1924. p. 6. Retrieved 21 April 2012 – via National Library of Australia.
^"Tram-trains may also run between Debrecen and Oradea in the future". www.debrecen.hu. Retrieved 2024-03-03.
^Place North West (7 January 2019). "Metrolink heads to Stalybridge and Middleton in 2040 expansion". from the original on 1 March 2021. Retrieved 30 September 2021.
^"El tren tranvía ya tiene la firma para arrancar - Cali - Colombia - ELTIEMPO.COM".
External linksedit
TramTrain - the 2nd generation: Searching for the 'ideal' TramTrain-city
(English/German)
(English/German)
Leeds City Region proposal
(Jane's) Urban Transit Systems
January 01, 1970
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This article is about trams sharing tracks with main line railways Tram train can also refer to a train of two or more coupled trams operating on a regular tramway Train tram redirects here For the Siemens Duewag train tram see RegioSprinter A tram train is a type of light rail vehicle that both meets the standards of a light rail system and also national mainline standards Tramcars are adapted to be capable of running on streets like an urban tramway but also be permitted operation alongside mainline trains This allows services that can utilise both existing urban light rail systems and mainline railway networks and stations It combines the urban accessibility of a tram or light rail with a mainline train s greater speed in the suburbs 1 Stadtbahn street running in HeilbronnStadtbahn on main line railway Kassel RegioTram dual voltage DC AC Alstom RegioCitadis next to a KVG Bombardier Flexity Classic tram at KonigsplatzKassel RegioTram dual mode diesel electric Alstom RegioCitadis approaching Wolfhagen using diesel power on main line railway A DUO Combino on the Nordhausen urban tramway where it is electrically powered via overhead wires A DUO Combino at Ilfeld station on the HSB rural railway where it is powered by an onboard diesel engine The modern tram train concept was pioneered by the German city of Karlsruhe in the late 1980s 2 resulting in the creation of the Karlsruhe Stadtbahn This concept is often referred to as the Karlsruhe model 1 and it has since been adopted in other cities such as Mulhouse in France 1 and in Kassel Nordhausen and Saarbrucken in Germany 2 An inversion of the concept is a train tram a mainline train adapted to run on street in an urban tramway also known as the Zwickau Model Contents 1 Technology 2 History 3 Existing systems 3 1 Asia 3 1 1 Japan 3 2 Europe 3 2 1 Austria 3 2 2 Denmark 3 2 3 France 3 2 4 Germany 3 2 5 Hungary 3 2 6 Italy 3 2 7 Netherlands 3 2 8 Portugal 3 2 9 Spain 3 2 10 United Kingdom 3 3 North America 4 Proposed systems 4 1 Africa 4 2 Asia 4 3 Europe 4 4 Oceania 4 5 South America 5 Vehicles 6 Train tram 6 1 Europe 6 2 North America 7 See also 8 References 9 External linksTechnology editThe tram train often is a type of interurban 3 that is they link separate towns or cities according to George W Hilton and John F Due s definition 4 Most tram trains are standard gauge which facilitates sharing track with main line trains Exceptions include Alicante Tram and Nordhausen which are metre gauge Tram train vehicles are dual equipped to suit the needs of both tram and train operating modes with support for multiple electrification voltages if required and safety equipment such as train stops and other railway signalling equipment The Karlsruhe and Saarbrucken systems use PZB or Indusi automatic train protection so that if the driver passes a signal at stop the emergency brakes are applied History editThe idea is not new in the early 20th century interurban streetcar lines often operated on dedicated rights of way between towns while running on street trackage in town The first interurban to emerge in the United States was the Newark and Granville Street Railway in Ohio which opened in 1889 In 1924 in Hobart Australia sharing of tracks between trams and trains was proposed 5 The difference between modern tram trains and the older interurban and radial railways is that tram trains are built to meet mainline railway standards rather than ignoring them An exception is the United States River Line in New Jersey which runs along freight tracks with time separation passenger trains run by day and freight by night Existing systems editAsia edit Japan edit Fukui Fukui Fukubu Line Europe edit Austria edit Gmunden Traunsee Tram 2018 6 Vienna Badner Bahn Denmark edit Aarhus Letbane 7 France edit Lyon Rhonexpress 2010 Lyon Tram train de l ouest lyonnais Mulhouse Mulhouse tramway 8 Nantes Nantes tram train 2011 Ile de France Paris region Tramway Line 4 2006 Tramway Line 11 Express 2017 Tramway Line 12 Express 2023 Tramway Line 13 Express 2022 Germany edit Chemnitz Chemnitz Tramway Karlsruhe Stadtbahn Karlsruhe Kassel Kassel RegioTram 2006 Nordhausen Trams in Nordhausen Saarbrucken Saarbahn Hungary edit Szeged Hodmezovasarhely tram train 2021 Italy edit Sassari Metrosassari Netherlands edit The Hague Rotterdam RandstadRail Portugal edit Porto Porto Metro Line B Bx opening 2005 Porto Metro Line C opening 2005 Spain edit Alicante Alicante Tram 2007 Mallorca Mallorca rail network Cadiz Cadiz Bay tram train 2022 United Kingdom edit Sheffield Rotherham Sheffield Supertram 2018 Cardiff South Wales Metro 2024 North America edit New Jersey River Line diesel multiple units using main line tracks between Trenton New Jersey and Camden New Jersey in a time sharing agreement with the freight companies Puebla Mexico Puebla Cholula Tourist Train 2017 2021 trains now sold to Tren Interoceanico San Diego California San Diego TrolleyProposed systems editAfrica edit The October 6th Tram system The O6T Cairo Egypt Asia edit Haifa Nazareth Israel 9 Keelung Light Rail Transit Nangang Keelung Taiwan citation needed Europe edit Braunschweig Germany Bratislava Slovakia Cardiff United Kingdom Wales amp Borders franchise South Wales Valley Lines 2022 2023 rolling stock currently under construction Debrecen Hungary 10 Erlangen Germany an extension of Strassenbahn Nurnberg not initially planned to use mainline rail tracks but proposed to do so in the future The planned line to Herzogenaurach replicates a former mainline rail line Gorzow Wielkopolski Poland Greater Manchester United Kingdom Proposed extensions to the Manchester Metrolink network 1 11 Grenoble France Groningen Netherlands Kiel Germany Kyiv Ukraine Kosice Slovakia 12 in planning phase Leon Spain Liberec Jablonec nad Nisou Czech Republic Linkoping Sweden Manresa Spain Metro Mondego Coimbra Portugal RijnGouweLijn Netherlands Metro de Sevilla Seville has one metro line and one tram line that are not connected but the long term intention is to link the metro and tram systems Oradea Romania The first romanian tram train will be in Oradea featuring several lines and connecting the city to the villages near like Bors Băile Felix or Santandrei The tram train in Oradea is in planning phase some parts of the project already accepted by the local government Sevastopol 13 Strasbourg France Szeged Hungary Two other destinations are being considered as of January 2022 besides the Szeged Hodmezovasarhely line which entered operation in November 2021 The Szeged Subotica Serbia line is in early planning phase 14 A preparatory study was also completed for the Szeged Mako line 15 but the estimated costs were high and it is also dependent on a new road rail bridge over the river Tisa only in planning phase as of now TramCamp Camp de Tarragona Catalonia Spain Wroclaw Poland 2005 600 V DC 3 kV DC Riga Latvia Turku Finland West Midlands conurbation United Kingdom Proposed extensions to the West Midlands Metro Oceania edit Adelaide South Australia On June 5 2008 the Government of South Australia announced plans for train tram operation on the Adelaide Metro s Outer Harbor Grange train lines and City West Glenelg tramline extension as part of a 10 year A 2 billion public transport upgrade 16 South America edit Bogota Commuter Rail RegioTram Colombia Cali Colombia 17 Vehicles editModels of tram designed for tram train operation include Alstom s RegioCitadis and Citadis Dualis derived from the Citadis Bombardier Flexity Link and Bombardier Flexity Swift Siemens S70 Stadler CitylinkTrain tram edit nbsp The Zwickau Model has main line lightweight diesel tram trains running through urban streets Europe edit Zwickau Trams in Zwickau on board diesel generator light weight RegioSprinter diesel railbuses that also operate on street tramway North America edit Austin Texas Capital MetroRail commuter rail that shares more commonality with train tram operation with downtown street running and usage of mainline track Uses diesel multiple units See also editGrooved rail Light rail StadtbahnReferences edit a b c d Tram train Making new connections tautonline com Tramways amp Urban Transit Retrieved 28 January 2022 a b Uk tram train Learning lessons tautonline com Tramways amp Urban Transit Retrieved 28 January 2022 UrbanRail Net gt Europe gt Germany gt Hessen gt Kassel Tram Strassenbahn Hilton George Woodman Due John Fitzgerald 2000 1960 The Electric Interurban Railways in America Stanford University Press Original preface 1960 page ix TRAMS AND TRAINS The Mercury Hobart Tasmania 12 February 1924 p 6 Retrieved 21 April 2012 via National Library of Australia TRAUNSEETRAM Stern amp Hafferl Verkehr Aarhus tram train project gets the go ahead Railway Gazette International 10 May 2012 Haydock David April 2011 France s first real tram train Today s Railways Platform 5 Publishing Ltd pp 37 40 Tram Train for Haifa Nazareth Transit News Archived from the original on 2014 06 29 Tram trains may also run between Debrecen and Oradea in the future www debrecen hu Retrieved 2024 03 03 Place North West 7 January 2019 Metrolink heads to Stalybridge and Middleton in 2040 expansion Archived from the original on 1 March 2021 Retrieved 30 September 2021 Planovane modernizacie elektrickovych trati MET a Integrovany dopravny system IDS PDF Agency Strategic Initiative PDF Johet a Szeged Szabadka tram train megjelent a tender Szegedi hirek Szeged365 in Hungarian 2021 12 02 Retrieved 2022 01 04 Szeged Mako elovarosi kozossegi kozlekedes vizsgalata Donteselokeszito Tanulmany Kozlekedes Pro Urbe V Plan Uvaterv Unitef Archived from the original on 2016 03 05 Retrieved 2012 12 22 Adelaidemetro com au Archived July 21 2008 at the Wayback Machine El tren tranvia ya tiene la firma para arrancar Cali Colombia ELTIEMPO COM External links editTramTrain the 2nd generation Searching for the ideal TramTrain city New TramTrain for Mulhouse Reportage and images English German Construction of the TramTrain system in Mulhouse with images English German tram train of Karlsruhe transformed in a subway in the center Leeds City Region proposal Jane s Urban Transit Systems Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Tram train amp oldid 1220789024, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
