The plant is an herb or subshrub up to 160 cm (63 in) tall, usually monoecious, but rarely dioecious. Leaves are usually opposite, though occasionally alternate, and the inflorescence is a spike with a tuft of small bracts at the apex.[1][3]
B. cylindrica is a deciduous and occasionally dioecious growing plant. The plant grows to be 0.5 to 1.0 m (1 ft 8 in to 3 ft 3 in) in height with opposite leaf arrangement. Spike-like hairs are in the leaf axils. Leaves are ovate in shape and 6–8 cm (2.4–3.1 in) in length and 3–4 cm (1.2–1.6 in) in width. Flowers are green or greenish white in color and the flowers appear from the axils of the upper leaves. Small, oval-shaped seeds are covered in small, hook-like hairs. Once mature, the seeds are dark brown.[4] The inflorescences resemble spikes and can be from 1–3 cm (0.39–1.18 in) in length. Male and female flowers typically grow on separate plants. Male flowers are more prominently distributed among the spikes in bunches. The female flowers are less continuously distributed along the spikes.[5]
Taxonomyedit
Some of the synonyms and intraspecific taxa are: Boehmeria austrina Small, Boehmeria cylindrica (L.) Sw. var. drummondiana (Weddell) Weddell,[6] and Boehmeria cylindrica (L.) Sw. var. scabra Porter.[7]
Distributionedit
B. cylindrica can be found across the North American continent into Central and South America. It is native to northeastern Canada through the majority of the United States from Maine to Florida and stretching towards South Dakota to California.
Habitatedit
B. cylindrica can be found in wet to mesic deciduous woodland habitats. The plant flourishes the most in floodplain and bottomland areas.[5]
Ecologyedit
B. cylindrica is wind pollinated,[4] so plants are fertilized by pollen carried by the wind. Thus, the flowers do not attract many insects. Larvae of the fly Neolasioptera boehmeriae, form small galls in the shape of spindles.[5] Flowering season for B. cylindrica is during the summer to fall.[1] During flowering season, pollen acts as an allergen to some.[8] It is a larval host to the eastern comma, the question mark, and the red admiral.[9]
Etymologyedit
The generic name Boehmeria honors the German botanist, Georg Rudolf Boehmer (1723-1803).[10] The specific name cylindrica is based on its generally cylindrical spikes located in the leaf axils.[7]
Referencesedit
^ abcdBoufford, David E. (1997). "Boehmeria cylindrica". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). Vol. 3. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
^"Search results for "Boehmeria cylindrica"". The Plant List. Retrieved 2016-12-08.
^ abUSDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Boehmeria cylindrica". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 2016-12-08.
boehmeria, cylindrica, with, common, names, false, nettle, hemp, herb, family, urticaceae, widespread, eastern, north, america, great, plains, from, brunswick, florida, texas, nebraska, with, scattered, reports, isolated, populations, mexico, arizona, utah, we. Boehmeria cylindrica with common names false nettle and bog hemp 2 is an herb in the family Urticaceae It is widespread in eastern North America and the Great Plains from New Brunswick to Florida to Texas to Nebraska with scattered reports of isolated populations in New Mexico Arizona and Utah as well as in Bermuda Mexico Central America the West Indies and South America 1 3 False nettleScientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade AngiospermsClade EudicotsClade RosidsOrder RosalesFamily UrticaceaeGenus BoehmeriaSpecies B cylindricaBinomial nameBoehmeria cylindrica L SwartzSynonyms 1 Urtica cylindrica L Boehmeria drummondiana Wedd Boehmeria scabra Porter SmallThe plant is an herb or subshrub up to 160 cm 63 in tall usually monoecious but rarely dioecious Leaves are usually opposite though occasionally alternate and the inflorescence is a spike with a tuft of small bracts at the apex 1 3 Contents 1 Description 2 Taxonomy 3 Distribution 3 1 Habitat 4 Ecology 5 Etymology 6 ReferencesDescription editB cylindrica is a deciduous and occasionally dioecious growing plant The plant grows to be 0 5 to 1 0 m 1 ft 8 in to 3 ft 3 in in height with opposite leaf arrangement Spike like hairs are in the leaf axils Leaves are ovate in shape and 6 8 cm 2 4 3 1 in in length and 3 4 cm 1 2 1 6 in in width Flowers are green or greenish white in color and the flowers appear from the axils of the upper leaves Small oval shaped seeds are covered in small hook like hairs Once mature the seeds are dark brown 4 The inflorescences resemble spikes and can be from 1 3 cm 0 39 1 18 in in length Male and female flowers typically grow on separate plants Male flowers are more prominently distributed among the spikes in bunches The female flowers are less continuously distributed along the spikes 5 Taxonomy editSome of the synonyms and intraspecific taxa are Boehmeria austrina Small Boehmeria cylindrica L Sw var drummondiana Weddell Weddell 6 and Boehmeria cylindrica L Sw var scabra Porter 7 Distribution editB cylindrica can be found across the North American continent into Central and South America It is native to northeastern Canada through the majority of the United States from Maine to Florida and stretching towards South Dakota to California Habitat edit B cylindrica can be found in wet to mesic deciduous woodland habitats The plant flourishes the most in floodplain and bottomland areas 5 Ecology editB cylindrica is wind pollinated 4 so plants are fertilized by pollen carried by the wind Thus the flowers do not attract many insects Larvae of the fly Neolasioptera boehmeriae form small galls in the shape of spindles 5 Flowering season for B cylindrica is during the summer to fall 1 During flowering season pollen acts as an allergen to some 8 It is a larval host to the eastern comma the question mark and the red admiral 9 Etymology editThe generic name Boehmeria honors the German botanist Georg Rudolf Boehmer 1723 1803 10 The specific name cylindrica is based on its generally cylindrical spikes located in the leaf axils 7 References edit a b c d Boufford David E 1997 Boehmeria cylindrica In Flora of North America Editorial Committee ed Flora of North America North of Mexico FNA Vol 3 New York and Oxford Oxford University Press via eFloras org Missouri Botanical Garden St Louis MO amp Harvard University Herbaria Cambridge MA Boehmeria cylindrica Germplasm Resources Information Network Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Retrieved 8 January 2017 a b Boufford D 1992 Urticaceae Nettle Family Journal of the Arizona Nevada Academy of Science 26 42 49 a b Chayka Katy Dziuk Peter 2016 Boehmeria cylindrica Small spike False Nettle Minnesota Wildflowers Retrieved 2016 12 08 a b c Hilty John 2020 False Nettle Boehmeria cylindrica Illinois Wildflowers Retrieved 2016 12 08 Search results for Boehmeria cylindrica The Plant List Retrieved 2016 12 08 a b USDA NRCS n d Boehmeria cylindrica The PLANTS Database plants usda gov Greensboro North Carolina National Plant Data Team Retrieved 2016 12 08 Longo Loredana Rizzi Sauli Marialuisa Pizzulin Ganis Paola 2004 Aerobiology of Urticaceae pollen in Trieste NE Italy Aerobiologia 20 1 53 61 doi 10 1023 B AERO 0000022982 22908 27 ISSN 0393 5965 S2CID 189906608 The Xerces Society 2016 Gardening for Butterflies How You Can Attract and Protect Beautiful Beneficial Insects Timber Press Boehmeria cylindrica Flora of Wisconsin Wisconsin State Herbarium University of Wisconsin Madison Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Boehmeria cylindrica amp oldid 1176069574, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
