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Wikipedia

Barbus

January 10, 2024

Barbus is a genus of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae. The type species of Barbus is the common barbel, first described as Cyprinus barbus and now named Barbus barbus. Barbus is the namesake genus of the subfamily Barbinae, but given their relationships, that taxon is better included in the Cyprininae at least for the largest part (including the type species of Barbus).

Barbus
Barbus barbus
Barbus plebejus
Scientific classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Cypriniformes
Family: Cyprinidae
Subfamily: Barbinae
Genus: Barbus
Daudin, 1805[1][2]
Type species
Cyprinus barbus

Description and uses edit

Their common names – barbs and barbels – refer to the fact that most members of the genera have a pair of barbels on their mouths, which they can use to search for food at the bottom of the water.

Barbels are often fished for food; in some locations they are of commercial significance. The roe of barbels is poisonous, however. The large Barbus barbs are also often eaten in their native range.

The smaller barbs are in some cases traded as aquarium fish. Some are quite significant, but as a whole, the genus is not yet as well represented in aquaria as the Southeast Asian Puntius.[3]

Systematics and taxonomy edit

Barbus has a long history as a "wastebasket taxon". Historically, most fish commonly known as "barbs" were usually placed here by default. More recently, many "barbs" have been reclassified into genera such as Arabibarbus, Barbichthys, Barbodes, Barboides, Barbonymus, Barbopsis, Caecobarbus, Capoeta, Carasobarbus, Clypeobarbus, Enteromius, Hypselobarbus, Hypsibarbus, Labeobarbus, Leptobarbus, Luciobarbus, Mesopotamichthys, Poropuntius, Probarbus, Pseudobarbus, Puntioplites and Puntius.[4]

Thus, Barbus is for the time being restricted to the typical barbels and barbs', and only contains fishes from Africa and Europe, as well as adjacent Asia. However, the genus even in the reduced version is probably paraphyletic, and many African species (particularly the small ones) do not seem to belong here, either. Eventually, Barbus is likely to be restricted to the group around B. barbus – the large European to Ponto-Caspian species commonly known as "barbels". Luciobarbus and particularly Messinobarbus are highly similar and might better be included in Barbus again. They all seem to be close relatives – perhaps the closest living relatives – of Aulopyge huegelii. Carasobarbus and Labeobarbus are probably closely related to this group, too, and some large hexaploid barbs (e.g. L. reinii) may well belong in Labeobarbus.[citation needed]

The small barbs from Africa, by contrast, are quite distinct. They might even warrant establishment of a new subfamily – in particular if the Labeoninae are not included in the Cyprininae –, as they seem to be as distinct from barbels and typical carps, as these are from the garras (which are part of the disputed Labeoninae), rendering the old "Barbinae" paraphyletic. Within the small African barbs, several lineages can be recognized. These are mostly diploid; a tetraploid group largely restricted to southern Africa is very close to Pseudobarbus and might even be included therein. In particular, the group called "redfins" may well be monophyletic and belong in Pseudobarbus entirely, instead of being split between Pseudobarbus and Barbus.[citation needed]

Species edit

Fossil species edit

A fossil species (Barbus megacephalus Günther, 1876) is known from the Paleogene Sipang Fauna of Indonesia.,[6] but it probably should be placed in another genus.

See also edit

References edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Barbus.
  1. ^ Skelton, P. H., Swartz, E. R., & Vreven, E. J. (2018). The identity of Barbus capensis Smith, 1841 and the generic status of southern African tetraploid cyprinids (Teleostei, Cyprinidae). European Journal of Taxonomy, (410). https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2018.410
  2. ^ Englmaier GK, Tesfaye G, Bogutskaya NG (2020) A new species of Enteromius (Actinopterygii, Cyprinidae, Smiliogastrinae) from the Awash River, Ethiopia, and the re-establishment of E. akakianus. ZooKeys 902: 107-150. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.902.39606
  3. ^ Lambert, D.J. (1997): Freshwater Aquarium Fish. Chartwell Books, Edison, New Jersey, USA. ISBN 0-7858-0867-1
  4. ^ Banister, K.E. (1973): A revision of the large Barbus (Pisces, Cyprinidae) of East and Central Africa. Studies on African Cyprinidae. Part II. Bulletin of the British Museum, 26 (1): 3-148.
  5. ^ Antal, L., László, B., Kotlík, P., Mozsár, A., Czeglédi, I., Oldal, M., Kemenesi, G., Jakab, F. & Nagy, S.A. (2015): Phylogenetic evidence for a new species of Barbus in the Danube River basin. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 96: 187–194.
  6. ^ Woodward, A.S. (1901). Catalogue of the Fossil Fishes in the British Museum (Natural History). order of the Trustees. p. 302. barbus megacephalus.

January 10, 2024
barbus, genus, finned, fish, family, cyprinidae, type, species, common, barbel, first, described, cyprinus, barbus, named, barbus, namesake, genus, subfamily, barbinae, given, their, relationships, that, taxon, better, included, cyprininae, least, largest, par. Barbus is a genus of ray finned fish in the family Cyprinidae The type species of Barbus is the common barbel first described as Cyprinus barbus and now named Barbus barbus Barbus is the namesake genus of the subfamily Barbinae but given their relationships that taxon is better included in the Cyprininae at least for the largest part including the type species of Barbus BarbusBarbus barbusBarbus plebejusScientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass ActinopterygiiOrder CypriniformesFamily CyprinidaeSubfamily BarbinaeGenus BarbusDaudin 1805 1 2 Type speciesCyprinus barbusLinnaeus 1758 Contents 1 Description and uses 2 Systematics and taxonomy 3 Species 3 1 Fossil species 4 See also 5 ReferencesDescription and uses editTheir common names barbs and barbels refer to the fact that most members of the genera have a pair of barbels on their mouths which they can use to search for food at the bottom of the water Barbels are often fished for food in some locations they are of commercial significance The roe of barbels is poisonous however The large Barbus barbs are also often eaten in their native range The smaller barbs are in some cases traded as aquarium fish Some are quite significant but as a whole the genus is not yet as well represented in aquaria as the Southeast Asian Puntius 3 Systematics and taxonomy editBarbus has a long history as a wastebasket taxon Historically most fish commonly known as barbs were usually placed here by default More recently many barbs have been reclassified into genera such as Arabibarbus Barbichthys Barbodes Barboides Barbonymus Barbopsis Caecobarbus Capoeta Carasobarbus Clypeobarbus Enteromius Hypselobarbus Hypsibarbus Labeobarbus Leptobarbus Luciobarbus Mesopotamichthys Poropuntius Probarbus Pseudobarbus Puntioplites and Puntius 4 Thus Barbus is for the time being restricted to the typical barbels and barbs and only contains fishes from Africa and Europe as well as adjacent Asia However the genus even in the reduced version is probably paraphyletic and many African species particularly the small ones do not seem to belong here either Eventually Barbus is likely to be restricted to the group around B barbus the large European to Ponto Caspian species commonly known as barbels Luciobarbus and particularly Messinobarbus are highly similar and might better be included in Barbus again They all seem to be close relatives perhaps the closest living relatives of Aulopyge huegelii Carasobarbus and Labeobarbus are probably closely related to this group too and some large hexaploid barbs e g L reinii may well belong in Labeobarbus citation needed The small barbs from Africa by contrast are quite distinct They might even warrant establishment of a new subfamily in particular if the Labeoninae are not included in the Cyprininae as they seem to be as distinct from barbels and typical carps as these are from the garras which are part of the disputed Labeoninae rendering the old Barbinae paraphyletic Within the small African barbs several lineages can be recognized These are mostly diploid a tetraploid group largely restricted to southern Africa is very close to Pseudobarbus and might even be included therein In particular the group called redfins may well be monophyletic and belong in Pseudobarbus entirely instead of being split between Pseudobarbus and Barbus citation needed Species editBarbus balcanicus Kotlik Tsigenopoulos Rab amp Berrebi 2002 Danube barbel Barbus barbus Linnaeus 1758 Common barbel Barbus bergi Chichkoff 1935 Bulgarian barbel Barbus biharicus Antal Laszlo amp Kotlik 2016 Biharian barbel 5 Barbus borysthenicus Dybowski 1862 Barbus caninus Bonaparte 1839 brook barbel Barbus carottae Bianco 1998 Barbus carpathicus Kotlik Tsigenopoulos Rab amp Berrebi 2002 Carpathian barbel Barbus ciscaucasicus Kessler 1877 Terek barbel Barbus cyclolepis Heckel 1837 Barbus ercisianus M S Karaman sr 1971 Barbus euboicus Stephanidis 1950 Evia barbel Barbus goktschaicus Kessler 1877 Gokcha barbel Barbus haasi Mertens 1925 Barbus karunensis Khaefi Esmaeili Geiger amp Eagderi 2017 Barbus kubanicus L S Berg 1913 Kuban barbel Barbus lacerta Heckel 1843 Kura barbel Barbus lorteti Sauvage 1882 Barbus macedonicus S L Karaman 1928 Barbus meridionalis A Risso 1827 Mediterranean barbel Barbus niluferensis Turan Kottelat amp Ekmekci 2009 Barbus oligolepis Battalgil 1941 Barbus peloponnesius Valenciennes 1842 Barbus pergamonensis M S Karaman 1971 Anatolian barbel Barbus petenyi Heckel 1852 Romanian barbel Barbus plebejus Bonaparte 1839 Italian barbel Barbus prespensis S L Karaman 1924 Barbus rebeli Koller 1926 Western Balkan barbel Barbus sperchiensis Stephanidis 1950 Sperchios barbel Barbus strumicae S L Karaman 1955 Strumica barbel Barbus tauricus Kessler 1877 Crimean barbel Barbus thessalus Stephanidis 1971 Thessalian barbel Barbus tyberinus Bonaparte 1839 Horse barbel Barbus waleckii Rolik 1970 Vistula barbel Fossil species edit A fossil species Barbus megacephalus Gunther 1876 is known from the Paleogene Sipang Fauna of Indonesia 6 but it probably should be placed in another genus See also editDanioninsReferences edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Barbus Skelton P H Swartz E R amp Vreven E J 2018 The identity of Barbus capensis Smith 1841 and the generic status of southern African tetraploid cyprinids Teleostei Cyprinidae European Journal of Taxonomy 410 https doi org 10 5852 ejt 2018 410 Englmaier GK Tesfaye G Bogutskaya NG 2020 A new species of Enteromius Actinopterygii Cyprinidae Smiliogastrinae from the Awash River Ethiopia and the re establishment of E akakianus ZooKeys 902 107 150 https doi org 10 3897 zookeys 902 39606 Lambert D J 1997 Freshwater Aquarium Fish Chartwell Books Edison New Jersey USA ISBN 0 7858 0867 1 Banister K E 1973 A revision of the large Barbus Pisces Cyprinidae of East and Central Africa Studies on African Cyprinidae Part II Bulletin of the British Museum 26 1 3 148 Antal L Laszlo B Kotlik P Mozsar A Czegledi I Oldal M Kemenesi G Jakab F amp Nagy S A 2015 Phylogenetic evidence for a new species of Barbus in the Danube River basin Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 96 187 194 Woodward A S 1901 Catalogue of the Fossil Fishes in the British Museum Natural History order of the Trustees p 302 barbus megacephalus Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Barbus amp oldid 1192149961, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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