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Wikipedia

Alcamo

April 11, 2023

For other uses, see Alcamo (disambiguation).

Alcamo (Italian pronunciation: [alˈkaːmo]; Sicilian: Àrcamu) is the fourth-largest town and commune of the Province of Trapani, Sicily, with a population of 44.925 inhabitants. It is on the borderline with the Metropolitan City of Palermo at a distance of about 50 kilometres from Palermo and Trapani.

Alcamo
Comune
Comune di Alcamo
Coat of arms
Location of Alcamo
Alcamo
Location of Alcamo in Italy
Alcamo
Alcamo (Sicily)
Coordinates: 37°58′40″N 12°57′50″E / 37.97778°N 12.96389°E / 37.97778; 12.96389Coordinates: 37°58′40″N 12°57′50″E / 37.97778°N 12.96389°E / 37.97778; 12.96389
CountryItaly
RegionSicily
ProvinceTrapani (TP)
FrazioniAlcamo Marina
Government
 • MayorDomenico Surdi
Area
[1]
 • Total130.79 km2 (50.50 sq mi)
Elevation
256 m (840 ft)
Population
 (31 October 2020)Data Table Istat
 • Total44,925
 • Density340/km2 (890/sq mi)
DemonymAlcamesi
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
91011
Dialing code0924
Patron saintMadonna of the Miracles
Saint day21 June
WebsiteOfficial website

Nowadays the town territory includes an area of 130,79 square kilometres and is the second municipality as for population density in the province of Trapani, after Erice.[2]

Alcamo is bounded by the Tyrrhenian Sea on the north, Balestrate and Partinico on the east, Camporeale on the south and Calatafimi-Segesta and Castellammare del Golfo on the west. Its most important hamlet is Alcamo Marina at about 6 kilometres from the town centre. Together with other municipalities it takes part in the Associazione Città del Vino, the movement Patto dei Sindaci, Progetto Città dei Bambini, Rete dei Comuni Solidali[3] and Patto Territoriale Golfo di Castellammare.[2]

Geography

Territory

Alcamo is situated in the middle of the Gulf of Castellammare, at 258 metres above the sea level and at the foot of Mount Bonifato, a calcareous complex 825 metres high. At the altitude of 500 metres (near the "Funtanazza") there is the Nature Reserve of Monte Bonifato.

The territory of Alcamo includes also Alcamo Marina, mainly used as a summer resort.

Climate

The climate is mild, with higher rainfall during winter than summer.[4]

The average annual temperature is 16.9 °C,[4] with higher temperatures in August (24.8 °C)[4] and lower temperatures in February (10.3 °C).[4]

The average annual rainfall is 558 mm.[4] Rainfall is particularly scarcer in July (4 mm)[4] and more abundant in December (83 mm).[4]

Climate data for Alcamo
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 13.1
(55.6) 		13.2
(55.8) 		14.8
(58.6) 		17.5
(63.5) 		21.5
(70.7) 		25.4
(77.7) 		28.5
(83.3) 		28.7
(83.7) 		25.9
(78.6) 		21.7
(71.1) 		17.7
(63.9) 		14.4
(57.9) 		20.2
(68.4)
Daily mean °C (°F) 10.4
(50.7) 		10.3
(50.5) 		11.7
(53.1) 		13.9
(57.0) 		17.6
(63.7) 		21.4
(70.5) 		24.5
(76.1) 		24.8
(76.6) 		22.4
(72.3) 		18.6
(65.5) 		14.8
(58.6) 		11.8
(53.2) 		16.9
(62.3)
Average low °C (°F) 7.7
(45.9) 		7.5
(45.5) 		8.6
(47.5) 		10.4
(50.7) 		13.8
(56.8) 		17.5
(63.5) 		20.5
(68.9) 		21.0
(69.8) 		18.9
(66.0) 		15.5
(59.9) 		12.0
(53.6) 		9.2
(48.6) 		13.6
(56.4)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 72
(2.8) 		60
(2.4) 		52
(2.0) 		48
(1.9) 		21
(0.8) 		9
(0.4) 		4
(0.2) 		14
(0.6) 		37
(1.5) 		78
(3.1) 		80
(3.1) 		83
(3.3) 		558
(22.1)
Source: Climate-Data.org[5]
 
Part of the beach of Alcamo Marina in summer
 
The countryside around Alcamo in spring
 
One of the rare snowfalls in Alcamo (8 January 1981)
  • Seismic classification: zone 2 (medium-high seismicity), Ordinance PCM 3274 (20 March 2003)
  • Climatic classification: zone B, 1140 degree day[6]
  • Köppen climatic classification: CSa[4]
  • Atmospheric diffusivity: low, Ibimet CNR 2002

History

Etymology

There are discordances about the etymology of the toponym "Alcamo": one of the hypothesis connects the present name to the Arab word al-qama, which would mean "muddy earth" or "rich soil",[7] another supposition is that it had been derived from the name of the Muslim leader who probably founded the town in 828 AD and whose name was al-Qāmūq (in Arabic: القاموق). According to some people this hypothesis was invented by Leo Africanus who had told this story without consulting any document on the subject.[8] Besides, according to some scholars, the name Alcamo would derive from caccamu, a dialectal word referring to the plant Citrullus colocynthis.[7]

Prehistory

Though there is little information about it, there are evidences that territory of Alcamo was inhabited even in prehistoric times; in one of the most ancient sites, near "contrada" Molinello (a country district), they discovered archaeological findings dating back to the Mesolithic, approximately 9,000–6,000 BC[9] and other very old ones dating back to the Neolithic during the archaeological excavations done by the archaeologist Paolo Orsi (1899) and the marquis Antonio De Gregorio (1917) near the river Fiume Freddo.[10] One of the most important finds is an axe from the Neolithic, kept at the Museo archeologico regionale Paolo Orsi of Syracuse.[9]

Longuro and Longarico

From the quotations by Lycophron we know that in old times there was an inhabited centre called "Longuro" on Mount Bonifato.[11] According to an old story, this settlement was founded by a Greek colony which had escaped from the destruction of the town of Troy.[12]

During the Roman period the inhabitants of Longuro moved to the foot of the mountain so they could practice agriculture in the surrounding lands.[11] The town was called Longaricum;[11] this name appears in the Itinerario di Antonino Pio (=Itinerary of Antoninus Pius, in the 3rd century AD)[11] and would coincide with the Latin name of Longuro.[13]

According to a supposition the two hillocks appearing on the gonfalon of Alcamo would represent both the towns of Longaricum and Longuro.

Origins

Alcamo was founded in 828 by the Muslim commander al-Kamuk (after whom it is probably named), though other sources date its origin to about 972.

The first document mentioning Alcamo is dating back to 1154, in a paper written by the Berber geographer Idrisi who was given this task by Roger II of Sicily[14] in order to get a collection of geographic maps. From a distance longer than an Arab mile, the writer describes the position of Alcamo viewed from the Castle of Calatubo (visible even today from the town territory) and defines it as a "manzil", that is a hamlet or a group of houses with rich soil and a flourishing market.[14] This hamlet was called "Alqamah" by Arabs.[15] In a diary of 1185 the Andalusian pilgrim Ibn Jubayr confirms the Arab origin of the town;[14] in fact during his travel from Palermo to Trapani he stopped at Alcamo and describes it as a beleda (town) with mosques and a market whose inhabitants were of Muslim religion.[14]

Medieval age

In the Middle Ages Alcamo was largely inhabited by Muslim people, whose numbers declined after the Norman conquest of Sicily, begun in 1060. Alcamo was divided into four hamlets named San Vito, San Leonardo, Sant'Ippolito and San Nicolò del Vauso.[16] but a series of Arab revolts between 1221 and 1243 led King Frederick II to move most of the Arab population[17] to a colony at Lucera, while Christians from Bonifato came to inhabit the town. In this period the poet Ciullo or Cielo d'Alcamo was born.

In 1340 Raimondo Peralta acquired the feud and barony of Alcamo from Peter II of Aragon.[15][18] Then the barony passed to his son Guglielmo Peralta Sclafani, called "Guglielmone".[18] and afterwards to the Ventimiglia family (up to 1397), Giaimo de Prades (1407), the Cabrera family, the Speciale family, Pietro Balsamo prince of Roccafiorita (1618) and finally to Giuseppe Alvarez (1777).[15]

In the 14th century Alcamo had several thousands of inhabitants[19] and hundreds of them had immigrated from different parts of Sicily and Italy (in particular: Pisa, Amalfi, Bologna, Calabria, Liguria), and some also from Spain.[19] During this period, Antonello da Messina moved to Alcamo for three years (around 1438–1441) in order to learn the tanning techniques from the tanner master Guglielmo Adragna di Alcamo,[19] in fact the town was an important pole of development for commerce and handicraft.[20] In particular, it had a massive exchange of wheat and wine with the nearby towns[20] and there were also expert artisans such as bakers, blacksmiths, tanners and weavers.[20] During this century Alcamo was an important centre for wheat storage and sorting.[20] In the same period the writer Giacomo Adragna transcribed the Commentarii in Persium and Pietro d'Alcamo many works from the library of San Martino.[21]

Modern age

 
Porta Palermo in a print of 1900

At about the year 1500, Alcamo was under the jurisdiction of the captain of justice Ferdinando Vega, who fought against the raiding Turkish pirates. The town was surrounded by defensive embattled walls provided with four gates:[22]

  • Porta Palermo (afterwards called Porta Saccari), at the end of the present via Rossotti;
  • Porta Corleone, at the end of the present via Commendatore Navarra;
  • Porta di Gesù, opposite the church of Saint Mary of Jesus, next to the Franciscan friary;
  • Porta Trapani (later called Porta del Collegio), at the beginning of via Commendatore Navarra.

During this period, the town was divided into four-quarters, each one associated with the name of the main church in that area:[23][24]

  • San Giacomo de la Spada
  • San Calogero
  • San Francesco d'Assisi (or "Terra nuova"[25])
  • Maggiore Chiesa.

The division between these quarters was coincident with the main streets of the town, that are the present Corso 6 Aprile and Via Rossotti and its continuation via dei Baroni Emanuele di San Giuseppe[23] (called incorrectly "Via Barone di San Giuseppe"[25]).

In 1535, in coincidence with the visit of the emperor Charles V, coming back from Tunisia, the old Porta Trapani was closed and four gates were opened:[22]

  • new Porta Trapani, near the beginning of the present Corso 6 Aprile (that was called "Corso Imperiale");
  • new Porta Palermo (initially called Porta San Francesco), at the end of today's Corso 6 Aprile;
  • Porta Stella, at the corner between Via Stella and Piazza Ciullo; this name derives from the name of the Church of Our Lady of the Star (in Italian "Madonna della Stella"), near there;
  • Porta Nuova, between the present Discesa al Santuario and Piazza della Libertà.

During the 16th century there was a development in education in Alcamo because of the construction of new schools and the activity of expert teachers, in particular the poet and scholar Sebastiano Bagolino (1562–1604).[21][24] In 1547 the Madonna appeared to some women of the people and an image of Madonna Fons Misericordiae was discovered and worshipped as "Our Lady of Miracles".[26]

In the late 16th century, the population was decimated by an infectious disease.[27] and the victims were buried in the cemetery of Saint Ippolito.[27]

In 1667 Mariano Ballo ordered the construction of a theatre, called "teatro Ferrigno", later demolished and rebuilt during the 1960s; after the reconstruction it was first called "cine-teatro Euro" and later "Teatro Cielo d'Alcamo".

 
Map of Alcamo in a painting of 1725

During the 18th century, pestilence and popular rebellions occurred in Alcamo again.[27] On the other hand, this age was important for art because of the construction of the Basilica of Our Lady of the Assumption (1699), designed by the architects Angelo Italia and Giuseppe Diamante.[15] Its interior was also decorated with 38 frescoes made by the Flemish painter Guglielmo Borremans between 1736 and 1737.[15] In the same period the Church of Saint Olivia was renovated, Saint Paul and Bartholomew's Church was rebuilt (1689),[27] and the Church of the Holy Crucifix (or saint Francis of Paola) was completed (1699)[28] together with the monumental church of College some decades later(1767).[28]

The population of the town, gradually recovered from the pestilence and increased to 13,000 in 1798.[27]

Contemporary age

At the beginning of the 19th century Alcamo's feudal status was abolished (1812)[15] and the town became a direct royal possession.[24]

The archpriests Stefano Triolo Galifi and Giuseppe Virgilio, together with the baron Felice Pastore were members of the Sicilian Parliament as representatives of Alcamo.[28] In 1820, during a revolt, there were different murders, sacks, release of criminals from prison and a fire in the municipal archives.[29] and in 1829 many people died of cholera.[29] In 1843 the construction of the present Town Hall started, on a land of the baron Felice Pastore.

On 6 April 1860, Stefano and Giuseppe Triolo let the Italian Tricolour wave on the town hall,[29] creating groups of volunteers in order to help Giuseppe Garibaldi in the battle of Calatafimi and from Alcamo some dictatorial edicts on Victor Emmanuel II's behalf were issued. Some time later Francesco Crispi prepared the Constitution for the lands set free. Further to this event, Corso Imperiale was named Corso 6 Aprile, in memory of 6 April, in which the volunteers started to be enlisted in Alcamo.[24]

During the Unification of Italy the brothers Triolo of Sant'Anna and Giuseppe Coppola of Monte San Giuliano enlisted many citizens to fight with the Garibaldians in 1860.[15]

 
The Great War Memorial (1915–1918), inaugurated in 1929.[30]

At the end of the 19th century, in 1897, public lighting was inaugurated in Alcamo during the traditional feast of Our Lady of Miracles. Among the most important people of this period we have to remind Don Giuseppe Rizzo, a priest who founded the bank called "Cassa Rurale e Artigiana Don Rizzo" (1902).[31]

At the beginning of the 20th century (1901–1911) the number of citizens in Alcamo diminished abruptly, partially because of the emigration of 36,718 Sicilians abroad and in particular to the United States,[32] but it is possible that the statistics about this year and the previous years were not reliable because the census was carried out without following certain criteria.[33] In the same period the cultivations in the territory of Alcamo were affected by phylloxera and two banks ("Cooperativa" and "Segestana") went bankrupt with subsequent economic difficulties for its citizens.[34]

There were also some events linked to the Mafia, such as the murder of Gaspare Cottone, a carter (1899)[31] and the death of the 19-years-old Benedetto Guastella during a fire conflict with carabinieri in 1900.[31] As the Mafia had taken power in the districts of Trapani and Alcamo,[31] the commissary Cesare Mori intervened with a series of arrests and charges against the material executors of the crimes occurred in the area[31] and finally they arrested Vincenzo and Michele Tedesco, brothers, and Baldassare Adragna, considered the heads of the gangs in Trapani's territory.[31]

 
Façade of the cinema-theatre Marconi; today a congress centre

During the First World War, four hundred citizens from Alcamo died[29] and the following period was characterized by poverty because of monetary inflation and banditry. In 1918 about five hundred people died because of Spanish flu[29] and in the Second World War 213 citizens from Alcamo died or were lost.[29]

 
The entrance to Società Generale Elettrica della Sicilia (SGES) in Alcamo (in the '40s)

The foundation of Società Elettrotecnica Palermitana,[35] whose name was changed into Società Generale Electrica della Sicilia (SGES) and which installed an important electric workroom in the district of Saint Augustine in Alcamo, dates back to the twenties.[35] The jobs inside this firm were very longed-for because it was the only firm in Trapani Province which had a Health insurance fund and granted holidays.[35] The electric workroom existed until 1963, when it was acquired by Enel and demolished.[35] During the years in which SGES operated, there was an improvement of the electric services in Alcamo's territory, owing also to the realization of several artificial lakes.[35]

During Fascism, the citizens asked the government to appoint Alcamo as the capital of the province (1930), but this request was not satisfied.[29]

 
The old theatre Ferrigno in Alcamo (early 20th century)

On 19 August 1937 the fascist leader Benito Mussolini visited the town, crossing Corso 6 Aprile by an open car and parading through the crowd of his supporters.[36] The visit was due to the inauguration of the railway line between Trapani and Alcamo, completed in the same year.[37] Some weeks later, prince Umberto visited Alcamo too.[36]

On 21 July 1943 the American troops entered Alcamo without any opposition,[29] freeing the town from Italian Fascism. On 18 December 1944, because of the economic and social discomfort, the citizens raised up, occupied the Town Hall and put its archives on fire.[29] Since 1960 the town planning system has been greatly expanding, particularly at the foot of Mount Bonifato with the construction of Viale Europa, which is one of the most important street in Alcamo.

At about the end of the 1980s and the beginning of the 1990s there was a bloody Mafia war between the clan Greco (related to the Rimi family) and the members of the emergent Mafia of Corleone, led by the boss Vincenzo Milazzo in the territory of Alcamo. Vincenzo Milazzo received orders from Totò Riina to eliminate members of the old Mafia (in particular the member of the clan Greco) and put in command only his trusted men. Just for this reason the Greco family represented an obstacle: the cause which roused the conflict was the approaching of some members of Cosa Nostra to the rival clan of Grecos. The war bathed the town in blood for about five years and provoked tens of victims. The new Corleone's Mafia prevailed, but the cost to be paid was very high, because a lot of members of this clan died. During the same period, in which there were armed clashes between the Mafia families, at contrada Virgini in Alcamo, they discovered the biggest heroin refinery in Sicily. (1985)[38] Tens of people died in five years, and at the end the Mafia of Corleone prevailed.

While the crimes of the Mafia went on and tens of people disappeared as victims of "lupara bianca",[39] there was a religious revival which led to the birth of several Catholic associations such as Rinnovamento nello Spirito Santo, Neocatechumenal Way and the movement of Comunione e Liberazione.[40] From the last one the parish community of the Church of Jesus Christ the Redeemer originated in the district of Sant'Anna (2006).[40] This religious revival was followed by a new interest into the town's old traditions, mentioned in the works of Roberto Calia and Carlo Cataldo, historians from Alcamo.[40] Carlo Cataldo has also been prized several times both for his historical works and for his dialectal poems which tell Alcamo's folklore.[40]

 
The Cuba delle rose after its restoration

In the 21st century there was a renovation of Alcamo's architectural context, thanks to the restoration of some important historical buildings such as the Castle of the Counts of Modica, the Theatre Cielo d'Alcamo, the Cine-Theatre Marconi, the Ex Jesuits' College, the Cuba delle rose (in 2013), the church of College (in 2014), the façade of Badia Nuova (in 2014) and the old Arab fountain (in 2016). Thanks also to the intervention of Fondo Ambiente Italiano, it is expected the restoration of the Castle of Calatubo; its chapel and the path leading to the castle have already been cleaned by the volunteers' association "Salviamo il Castello di Calatubo" (in 2015).[41]

Among the works of revaluation of the urban areas there are the restoration of Piazza Ciullo by the architect Gae Aulenti (1996)[42] and the realization of an underground car park in Piazza Bagolino, together with the creation of the near suburban park San Francesco. The interest in environment is also associated with that in the territory, in fact, after the adhesion to the initiative "Rifiuti Zero" (Zero Rubbish), Alcamo has been considered an example to be followed for the results got between 2010 and 2013 in the field of waste sorting (raccolta differenziata).[43]

Coat of arms

The Coat of arms of Alcamo used since the kingdom of Frederick II of Swabia is a black flying Eagle, crowned by Gold in a Silver range, with three hills below and two Golden Oaks.[44]

A sculpture of the coat of arms is put on a side wall of the Church of Saint Francis of Assisi, near Porta Palermo.

 
Stucco representing the coat of arms of Alcamo near Porta Palermo (1750).[45]

Main sights

Civil buildings

 
The tower of Palazzo De Ballis

There are several historical civil buildings in Alcamo:

  • House of Ciullo d'Alcamo (3, Piazzetta Leopardi, near the Church of Saint Francis of Assisi (Alcamo)
  • Palazzo De Ballis (in Via Mariano de Ballis): built in the 16th century, with a square tower with battlements, adorned with a round arch that contains two windows, a double lancet and one triple lancet;[46] it was probably designed in 1490 by Tommaso and Pietro Oddo[25]
  • Ex Loggia Comunale (1500): built after the design of the architect Domenico Vitale, it has a base made with travertine and the upper part in calcarenite. It was used as a loggia from 1525 to 1767; It is located at the corner between Corso 6 Aprile and via Barone di San Giuseppe.
  • Palazzo Aversa (in via Porta Stella n°48): it has balconies in carved stone and the coat of arms, with a red lion looking at a red comet.
  • Palazzo D'Angelo (between corso 6 Aprile and via Fratelli sant'Anna), built in 1768
  • Palazzo D'Angelo (Piazza Ciullo n°12): 19th century
  • Palazzo De Stefani (via Commendatore Navarra, opposite to Badia Nuova): in Liberty style, was built in the 19th century.
  • Palazzo Diana (or Termine): it is located at the corner between via Ignazio de Blasi and Corso 6 Aprile; there are two small columns at the corner, one double lancet window in via De Blasi, with the Diana's coat of arms and a cornice similar to Gothic style above the door
  • Palazzo Di Gregorio (in via Dante): built in about the 17th century;[46]
  • Palazzo Ferrando-Mistretta (between via Diaz and via Sant'Oliva)
  • Palazzo Ferrara (at the corner of via Francesco Crispi and via Ruggero Settimo): in classical style, built in 1909;[46]
  • Palazzo Fraccia (in via 11 Febbraio): in Baroque style, built in 1700 by the baron Agostino Fraccia;[46]
  • Palazzo Guarrasi (via 15 Maggio n°15): built in the early 18th century
  • Palazzo Mistretta Galati, earlier palazzo Fraccia (between Piazza Bagolino and corso 6 Aprile): in Liberty style
  • Palazzo Morfino (via Giuseppe Fazio n°17) built in the 18th century
  • Palazzo Palmerini: at the corner of via Madonna dell'Alto and via Buonarroti
  • Palazzo Pastore (in Corso 6 Aprile, near Piazza Ciullo): in neoclassic style, built at the end of the 18th century;[46] Some elements of the façade are similar to those of Basilica and Palazzo Di Gregorio in via Dante.
  • Palazzo Patti (Piazza Ciullo n°24): built in the 18th century;[46]
  • Palazzo Peria (corso 6 Aprile n°102, opposite Centro Congressi Marconi): built in 1700, it has two floors, restored with the system Livigny; in 1806 it was the seat of the municipality[46]
  • Palazzo Pia Opera Pastore, designed by the architect Giovan Battista Palazzotto in 1872;
  • Palazzo Polizzi (between corso 6 Aprile and Via Don Rizzo)
  • Palazzo Quattrocchi (built in the 18th century), at via 15 Maggio n°47
  • Palazzo Rocca, in Corso 6 Aprile: built in 1629. Inside it there is a garden.[46]
  • Palazzo Rossotti-Chiarelli (in via Rossotti): in baroque style, built in the 18th century; it has an artistic main door and some magnificent balconies with iron railings[46]
  • Palazzo Speciale (in corso 6 Aprile n°51, at the corner with via Mariano de Ballis): built at the end of the 18th centuries; its balconies have wrought iron railings.
  • Palazzo Triolo (between Corso 6 Aprile and via Fratelli Sant'Anna): built at the end of the 18th century, it belonged to the barons of Sant'Anna
  • Palazzo Velez (in Via Buonarroti, behind the Basilica of Our Lady of the Assumption): built between 1600 and 1700, it has an internal garden.
  • Palazzo Virgilio (between Corso 6 Aprile and via Stefano Polizzi): built at the end of the 18th century
  • Town Hall (in Piazza Ciullo): in Neoclassic style, built in 1843;[46]
  • Villa Luisa (between via Madonna Alto Mare, via Rossotti and via Federico II): built in 1903 in Liberty style with a Moorish trend, after a project of the architect Francesco Naselli.[46]

Religious buildings

14th century

 
The portal of the Church of Our Lady of the Star.

15th century

  • Church of Saint Thomas (Chiesa di San Tommaso): the date of its construction is uncertain, probably the first half of the 15th century.[53][54] It is faced by a great portal with geometrical decorations.
  • Church of Saint Mary of Jesus (Chiesa di Santa Maria di Gesù): built in the 15th century and enlarged in 1762.[55] It holds the body of the Blessed Arcangelo Placenza from Calatafimi.
  • ex Church of saint Maria del Soccorso (Ex Church of Our Lady of Rescue): built in the 15th century.[56]
  • Church of saint Vito (Chiesa di San Vito): it gave the name to the ancient district of San Vito and to the street where it is located. It was already existing in 1492 and, according to Ignazio de Blasi (a historian from Alcamo), it was founded by a member of the Confraternity of the Annunciation, together with a hospital for poor people next to it.[57] It was restored in 1922 and some decades ago; there is nothing old in it and today is used by Eastern Orthodox Church Christians for their rites.
  • Church of the Holy Spirit: quoted in a deed dated 1491, as it is affirmed by the historian Ignazio De Blasi. It is located next to the first cemetery, on the North side.
 
Portal of the Church of Saint Thomas.

16th century

 
The façade of Church of the Holy Saviour.

17th century

 
The façade of Basilica di Santa Maria Assunta in a photo of the early years of the 20th century.
  • Basilica of Our Lady of the Assumption was realized during the 14th century and rebuilt in 1669; the present façade was realized in 1786;[67] the portal and the bell tower are the only remains from the original church of the 14th century. It is located in the centre of the town, near piazza Ciullo. The interior is tripartite and contains frescoes by Guglielmo Borremans. In the apse and side chapels there are works by Antonello Gagini, called "Madonna with the Saints Philip and James", the "Crucifix" and the "Transit of the Virgin".[15] There are also other works made by his apprentices. In a chapel there is also "The Holy Thorn".[68] In 2010 the Sacred Art Museum was opened: it contains many works from other churches. On the right, in the first chapel, there is also a modern architectural work dedicated to Don Rizzo (founder of the homonymous bank), designed by the architect Paolo Portoghesi.
  • Church of Saint Francis from Assisi (Chiesa di San Francesco d'Assisi): built between the years 1224–1226, demolished and rebuilt between 1608 and 1648.[69] Inside it there are a marble ancon, probably by Domenico Gagini, and two sculptures reproducing the Maddalena and Saint Mark, both ascribed to Antonello Gagini.
  • Church of Saints Paul and Bartholomew (Chiesa dei Santissimi Paolo e Bartolomeo) built between 1615 and 1689,[70][71] has got characteristic baroque features and holds a very ancient and valuable picture, the Madonna del Miele (made about the year 1300).
  • Church of Santa Maria delle Grazie (Church of Our Lady of Graces)  : built in 1619 and enlarged between 1626 and 1636[72]
  • Church of Saint Anne (Chiesa di Sant'Anna (1630–1634)[73])
  • Church of Saint Peter (Ex Chiesa di San Pietro): Via Barone di san Giuseppe, 19. It was built in 1367 and reconstructed in the years 1645–1649, then enlarged in 1742 after the design of Giovanni Biagio Amico, an architect. The artistic portal(1649) is on the main door.); the roof fell down because of the 1968 Belice earthquake.
  • Church of the saint Guardian Angel or Sheltered People (Chiesa del S.Angelo Custode or Chiesa delle Riparate, 1647[74])
  • Church of the Holy Family, built in the 16th century; in Piazza Ciullo
  • ex Collegio dei Gesuiti (Ex Collegio dei Gesuiti): built in the 17th century, in the 18th century they added an arcade.
  • Church of the College of Jesuits or Church of Jesus (Chiesa del Collegio dei Gesuiti or Chiesa del Gesù): built between 1684 and 1767.[75][76]
  • Church of Our Lady with a Chain (Chiesa Maria della Catena): Built in 1661 it hosts a portrait of Our Lady with a Chain, ascribed to Giuseppe Renda (18th century).
  • Ex Church of Saint Catherine of Monte di Pietà (Ex Chiesa di Santa Caterina del Monte di Pietà): in corso 6 Aprile, at the corner of Via Barone di San Giuseppe. Its façade, with a simple portal, was made in 1608 and the painting of Saint Catherine of Alexandria (1621), realized by Giuseppe Carrera or Giacomo Lo Verde, is now kept at the Sacred Art Museum.

18th century

20th–21st centuries

Military buildings

Military buildings in Alcamo include:

 
The Calatubo Castle by night.
  • The Castle of the Counts of Modica (or "Castle of Alcamo"): probably built in the 14th or 15th century by the Peralta family and then completed by the feudatories Enrico and Federico Chiaromonte. In 1535 the emperor Charles V lodged there. It was a possession of the Cabreras and then of the Counts of Modica, until 1812. Later, during the Reign of Italy and until 1960, it was used as a prison. It has a rhomboidal shape, with four towers: two quadrangular at the corners and the other two are connected by curtains and are cylindrical. In each tower there were a torture room for prisoners, rooms for sentinels and for passing guest sovereigns. One of the particular characteristics of the castle is given by the thick walls which bound it and that in old times defended it from the enemies' attacks extremely well.
  • Castle of Ventimiglia: situated on the top of Mount Bonifato. It is a medieval castle and today there are only some parts of the walls, the primary tower and the dungeons. It took the name from Enrico Ventimiglia, who declared he had built it just for defence, though according to some interpretations, it would date back to a previous period.[89]
  • The Calatubo Castle, outside the town but inside its territory and on the road leading to Palermo, is a fortress built in the early Middle Ages. The homonymous village of Calatubo stood nearby and its commerce was based on the exportation of cereals and millstones.[90] In the same place there is an old necropolis dating back to the 6th century BC.[91]
  • The watchtower located in the town centre, in Corso 6 Aprile, next to the Church of Saint Maria del Soccorso, opposite the Mother Church. Its construction dates back to 980 A.D. and is the oldest architectural work existing in Alcamo, in perfect preservation conditions.[92] Later the tower was bought by the diocese (1400) and used as a bell tower for the near Mother Church which, at the time, didn't have one.[92] They put then two bells on its top, the remaining one is on the west, while the smaller one on the north side was dismounted at about 1950 for safety reasons.[92] Inside the building you can see a stone winding staircase with 84 steps, 50 of them are original ones.[92]

Archaeological sites

 
The interior of Funtanazza, on Mount Bonifato.

In the territory of Alcamo there are several and interesting archaeological sites:

 
The beach of Alcamo Marina.

Natural areas

See also: Alcamo Marina and Nature Reserve Bosco di Alcamo

Among the areas of naturalistic interest near Alcamo there are the beaches of Alcamo Marina, the Nature Reserve Bosco di Alcamo on Mount Bonifato and the Segestan thermal baths. The hot springs are produced by the reclimbing of water of meteoric origin which meets the water of Fiume Caldo.[96] They are seven kilometres far from Alcamo and next to the boundary with the territory of Castellammare del Golfo, a small town which shares this naturalistic attraction with Alcamo. According to the narration given by Diodorus Siculus, they were created by the nymphs to favour Eracle's rest during his trip from Piloro to Erice.[46]

Hinterland

The surrounding areas include interesting touristic and historical locations like Segesta and Gibellina. The old fishing village of Scopello, 20 kilometres (12 mi) from Alcamo, has been referred to as having a remarkable seaside. Another small town considered worth visiting is Castellammare del Golfo which is between these two places.

Society

Demographical evolution

Historical population
YearPop.±%
1861 19,531—    
187120,934+7.2%
188137,497+79.1%
190151,798+38.1%
191132,211−37.8%
192163,765+98.0%
193151,687−18.9%
193638,396−25.7%
195141,815+8.9%
196143,097+3.1%
197141,596−3.5%
198142,339+1.8%
199142,621+0.7%
200143,890+3.0%
201145,314+3.2%
Source: Statistiche I.Stat ISTAT  URL consultato in data 28 December 2012.

Ethnic groups and foreign minorities

According to the ISTAT data of 1 January 2013, the foreign people resident in Alcamo were 1,258 people corresponding to the 2.58% of the residing population.[97] The most represented nationalities, according to the percentage on the total residing population, were:[97]

Culture

 
Presumed house of Cielo d'Alcamo

The poet Cielo d'Alcamo (known also as "Ciullo d'Alcamo") was the author of the contrasto "Rosa fresca aulentissima".[24] He wrote in vernacular in the 12th century and was from Alcamo. Many important places of the town, such as the main square, the theatre and the Classical Lyceum founded in 1862, have been named after the famous poet.

 
Puppet theatre of Alcamo

From the cultural point of view, in the following centuries Alcamo saw the rise of activities connected with arts such as the construction of churches and buildings, first in the baroque and then Renaissance style, with the coming of several artists of international level: painters (like Guglielmo Borremans and the very talented Pietro Novelli from Monreale), sculptors (Antonello Gagini and Giacomo Serpotta) and other various artists who embellished the town's image.

Inside the Castle of the Counts of Modica there is a puppet theatre: it has born again thanks to the engagement of Salvatore Oliveri, the grandson of the puppet master Gaspare Canino, who worked in Alcamo for about 50 years, continuing the work of Luigi, his father. They often give performances inside the castles or in the square.

It is also noteworthy the activity of Compagnia Piccolo Teatro, a theatre company founded in 1976, which has seen the rise (and success) of some actors and theatre directors.

During the feasts in Alcamo there are often streets entertainers and pedlars selling sweets, dried fruit and different objects in their stands called "baracchelle".

Museums

Inside Alcamo churches there are several artistic works. Apart from foreign artists, there were painters Giuseppe Renda and Gino Patti; among the living artists Turi Simeti, Vito Bongiorno and Gisella Giovenco; sculptors were Giuseppe Bambina, Pietro Montana and Nicola Rubino.

Media

There is a local radio, Radio Alcamo Centrale, which operates in the territory since 1976.[99]

The oldest periodical in Alcamo is "Il Bonifato".[100]

The networks in Alcamo are Alpa Uno (since 1976) and Video Sicilia (since 1987).

Music

 
Exhibition of the Choir "Mater Dei" inside the garden of Palazzo Rocca

There are various musical associations in Alcamo:

  • the Premiato Complesso Bandistico "Città di Alcamo", which is the oldest band in the province of Trapani, was founded in 1880 .[101] In the first years it was led by the baron Giuseppe Triolo di Sant'Anna.[101] In 1892, during a contest with the other Sicilian musical bands (and under the direction of the Maestro Raffaele Caravaglios), it won the honour Diploma and the golden Medal, that is why it is named premiato(=prized).[101]
  • The Brass Group, has been the promoter of the "Summertime Blues Festival", which was held for various consecutive years in Piazza Ciullo and where blues singers and musicians from different parts of the world took part.[102]
  • The Associazione Amici della Musica (Association of Friends of Music), founded in 1986, organizes an annual season of classical and contemporary music concerts held in Alcamo and surrounding localities. Since 1998 it has run an annual singing competition open to young opera singers of all nationalities. In 2001 the association also established the international cultural prize known as "Vissi d'Arte-Città di Alcamo". An annual prize, the "Vissi d'Arte" is awarded to individuals who have made exceptional contributions to art and society.[103]
  • The Associazione Jacopone da Todi, is a chorus founded in 1989: it has the objective of spreading the knowledge of holy art, in its different expressions; the director is Gaetano Stellino, a school teacher.
  • The Coro Mater Dei is a musical association born in 1998 and made up of about 30 members; it has held various concerts (especially during the Christmas holidays) in Alcamo and in the province of Trapani. The chorus master is Baldo Barone.
  • The Coro Francesca Adragna was founded in 2008 under the direction of the chorus master Maria Messana. It has a very varied repertory: arias from operettas, opera melodies, church music, Sicilian popular tunes and Neapolitan songs.
 
A live concert during XXI edition of the Summertime Blues Festival, in piazza Ciullo.

Dance

There are different school dances in Alcamo, such as:

  • Whisky a Gogò: it has organized for 20 years the Concorso Nazionale coreografico Danzalcamo: Sara Renda, the ètoile at the Opéra National de Bordeaux, started his career as a dancer in this school.

Religious traditions and folklore

 
The simulacrum of Madonna of the Miracles during a traditional procession.
  • 19 March: celebration in honour of Saint Joseph (novena and procession)
  • Good Friday: procession of the Dead Jesus and Our Lady of Sorrow.
  • First Sunday after Easter: Feast of Jesus Christ the Redeemer (cultural and religious event).
  • Second Sunday after Easter: celebration in honour of Saint Francis of Paola (cultural and religious event).
  • Third Sunday after Easter: Feast of Patrocinio in honour of the Holy Family (procession and lunch with the Holy Family).
  • 1 May: celebration in honour of Saint Joseph the Worker (novena and procession)
  • 13 June: celebration in honour of Saint Anthony of Padua (novena and procession)
  • 19–21 June: Celebration in honour of Maria Santissima dei Miracoli (Saint Mary of Miracles, the patron saint of Alcamo): cultural and religious events. During the feast there are a solemn procession of the Madonna's simulacrum, fireworks from the "bastione" in Piazza Bagolino and the descent of civil and political authorities to the Sanctuary of Madonna of Miracles. In the past (until 8–10 years ago) there were horse races along Corso 6 Aprile; the last two times they took place in Viale Italia.
  • End of July: Saint Anne's feast with novena, procession and cultural-recreational activities.
  • 8 September (Nativity of Mary): celebrations at the Sanctuary of Most Holy Mary of the Height (Madonna dell'Alto) on the top of Mount Bonifato with dialect poems recitation and procession.
  • 7–8 December: celebration in honour of Immacolata Concezione (the Immaculate Conception): novena, pastoral melodies and procession.
  • Alcamo Christmas (concerts, outdoor performances, preparation of traditional Christmas cribs and pipers' passing).

Recreational activities

  • July–August: Alcamo Estate ("sagras" or festivals, "Calici di Stelle", "Blues Festival", "Festival di Nuove Impressioni")
  • July–August: Concorso Nazionale Coreografico Danzalcamo
  • Second half of August: "Alcart – legalità e cultura" (Legality and Culture) a series of events (exhibitions, seminars, music, theatre etc.).
  • October: Concorso Internazionale per Cantanti Lirici “Città di Alcamo”, organized since 1998 by the Associazione Amici della Musica of Alcamo.
  • Second or third week-end of December: Cortiamo – International Contest of short films organized since 2006 by "Segni Nuovi" (a club of cinematographic culture within the Church of the Saints Paul and Bartholomew).

Sport events

  • 2–6 January: International Costa Gaia Trophy (youth soccer tournament).
  • European lightweight title (professional boxing) was contested in Alcamo on 14 August 1991. Defending champion Antonio Renzo (from Calabria) stopped British challenger Paul Charters in the 11th round.

Local market

The local market in Alcamo (called "mercatino") takes place every Wednesday morning in Via Tre Santi, near Viale Italia.[104][105]

 
"Mustazzola" (in front) and "cuddureddi" (behind).

Cuisine

Some specialities of cuisine of Alcamo are:

  • Handmade maccheroni
  • Pasta with "finocchi and sarde" (wild small fennels and sardines)
  • Sausages with "cavuliceddi" (a typical Alcamo vegetable)
  • Dried filled tomatoes[106]
  • Cuddureddi (Christmas handmade fig sweets)
  • Tetù (mixed and coloured biscuits)
  • Sciù (cream sweets)
  • Muffulette (fresh cooked roll bread with ricotta or other fillings)

People

 
Marble bust of Cielo d'Alcamo inside Villa Giulia.
 
A bust of Don Giuseppe Rizzo, kept inside the Civic Library of Alcamo.
 
An oil mill in Alcamo (Antico Frantoio Vallone).
 
The stone quarry in Piano Santa Maria (1953).

Economy

Alcamo is one of the most important centres in Sicily for wine production, especially Bianco Alcamo D.O.C.,[109] made from vineyards with espalier or "tendone" structures and using white common or bright catarratto vines, eventually associated with damaschino, grecanico and trebbiano.[46]

Besides the wine activity there are cattle and sheep breeding, olive growing (for the extraction of extra virgin olive oil),[46] cereals (particularly wheat) and the typical oval melon, with a green wrinkled peel, locally called "miluni purceddu",[46] which has the peculiarity that can be kept longer than other kinds of melon.[46]

In the primary sector it is also significant quarrying (of different marbles and mostly travertino), though the tertiary sector (more or less advanced) has however got the majority of employed people.

Transports and infrastructures

 
Railway route between Alcamo and Trapani.

There are two motorway junctions from A29 motorway Palermo-Mazara del Vallo: Alcamo Est and Alcamo Ovest, apart the junction of Castellammare del Golfo which links up with the north entrance to Alcamo. Another motorway junction is from Alcamo Ovest (A29 motorway, diramazione Alcamo-Trapani). Alcamo is crossed by two National Roads: strada statale 113, connecting Trapani with Messina, and strada statale 119, connecting Alcamo with Castelvetrano. The Railway line doesn't pass through the town centre but along the coast, then inland on the west side. The railway station of Alcamo Diramazione is located near the motorway junction of Alcamo Ovest and the station of Castellammare del Golfo is situated in the territory of Alcamo, precisely at Alcamo Marina.

These State Highways (or National Roads) pass through Alcamo:

These Regional Roads (SR) of Sicily:

  • SR 2 Parti Piccolo-Quaranta Salme-Croce di Fratacchia;
  • SR 3 Alcamo-Giardinaccio-Rocche Cadute-San Nicola;
  • SR 5 Bivio Quaranta Salme-Bivio Sant'Anna;
  • SR 6 of Calatubo;
  • SR 8 Amburgio-Morfino-Rincione-Coda di Volpe.

And also these Provincial Roads (SP) of the province of Trapani pass through Alcamo:

In the area of Alcamo there are also the following draining roads of the province of Trapani:

  • SB 21 Bisurdo-Stracciabisacce;
  • SB 22 Case di Piraino;
  • SB 23 Maruggi-Montelongo.

Along the National Road Palermo-Sciacca (SS 624) there is the exit "Alcamo" in both directions and is about 30 km from on the south-west side of the town. This exit, wholly located in the territory of Poggioreale, connects with the National Road of Gibellina (SS 119) near the ex railway station and motorway junction of Gallitello through the Provincial road SP9 (of the series n.182 Macchia-Sella-Bonfalco) and the SB0 (a local link road of Gibellina), to the border between the territories of Poggioreale and Monreale.

Alcamo is about 40 km from the airport "Falcone-Borsellino Airport" of Palermo-Punta Raisi and about 50 km from the "Vincenzo Florio Airport" of Trapani-Birgi.

Administration

Twin towns

Sport

See also: Basket Alcamo
 
Alcamo football team during a match in 1928.

The most popular and practised sport in Alcamo, as in most Italian towns, has always been soccer; the greatest team is the Alcamo team, which was in the past a protagonist in some football seasons in League C (Italian Serie C), for its victories against Bari and Crotone, and in League D. Apart various regional trophies, it has won the Coppa Italia Dilettanti in 1996 and the subsequent Supercoppa Italiana Dilettanti. Together with the golden period in League C, these were the most notable pages of the football history in Alcamo.[citation needed] A recent[when?] society crisis has caused bankruptcy and the team which played in League D had to restart from the First Category League. Today it competes in the regional Eccellenza championship following the 2010 refoundation. The activity of juvenile soccer is very active, and the Adelkam football school emerges among the various youth teams because it has launched different football players and has won a lot of national and international competitions. Alcamo is also the principal centre of the Costa Gaia International Trophy, a youth football kermess in which a lot of titled teams take part and where many great players of the bigger championships have been the protagonists.

 
Basket Alcamo against CUS Cagliari Pallacanestro.

Basketball is also popular, today with better results than football anyway.[citation needed] The female team Basket Alcamo (Gea Magazzini) which has obtained important results in its history (a long participation in A1 League and the final match in the Ronchetti Cup), has played in the A2 League for eleven years, and has regained the major league in the season 2011–2012. The male team has also obtained good results, but not at the same levels.

The local handball team, Pallamano Alcamo plays its home matches at the Palasport Enzo D'Angelo.

Sport facilities

The town has got several sport facilities, the most important are the stadium Lelio Catella (with a capacity of about 10,000 people) for football and athletics, the Palazzetto dello Sport (sports hall) Tre Santi for Basket and the Palasport Enzo D'Angelo (an indoor stadium) for handball.

There is a private swimpool open to public use (La Fenice) where young boys (who have won National prizes) train regularly. In the same facility there is an ice-skating rink. When Alcamo football team played in League C, the home matches were played at stadium Don Rizzo, which together with Sant'Ippolito stadium, is now used by juvenile and minor teams.

Sports personalities

See also

Other projects

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Alcamo.

Notes

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  6. ^ Comuni-Italiani.it, "Alcamo: Clima e Dati Geografici"
  7. ^ a b Regina 1972, p. 16.
  8. ^ Regina 1972, p. 20.
  9. ^ a b c AlqamaH – Historia Alcami: Reperti archeologici. Piccole tracce della storia di Alcamo
  10. ^ a b Gruppo Archeologico Drepanon 2014, pp. 17–18.
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  12. ^ Orlandi 1770, p. 204.
  13. ^ Nuove effemeridi siciliane
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  15. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Alcamo", Enciclopedia Italiana (1929)
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  18. ^ a b San Martino De Spucches & Gregorio 2013, p. 50.
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  21. ^ a b Calia, Craparo & Baldassano Cataldo 1991, p. 14.
  22. ^ a b Calia, Craparo & Baldassano Cataldo 1991, p. 10.
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  42. ^ AlqamaH, "Muore Gae Aulenti, aveva riqualificato Piazza Ciullo"
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Sources

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  • Le guide oro – Sicilia. Firenze: Casa editrice Bonechi. 1992.
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  • Chiarelli, Andrea; Cocchiara, Dario (2005). Alcamo nel XX secolo, Volume I: 1900–1943 (in Italian). Campo Edizioni.
  • Chiarelli, Andrea; Cocchiara, Dario (2009). Alcamo nel XX secolo, Volume II: 1944–1999 (in Italian). Campo Edizioni.
  • Orlandi, Cesare (1770). Delle location d'Italia e sue isole adjacenti compendiose notizie (in Italian).
  • San Martino De Spucches, Francesco; Gregorio, Mario (2013). La storia dei feudi e di titoli nobiliari della Sicilia dalla loro origini ai nostri giorni (in Italian). Lulu.com. ISBN 978-1-300-84355-9.
  • Gruppo Archeologico Drepanon (2014). Bonifato – La montagna ritrovata (in Italian). Trapani: Il Sole editrice. ISBN 978-88-905457-3-3.
  • Bembina, G. B.; Mirabella, Francesco Maria; Pietro Maria, Rocca (1956). Alcamo sacra (in Italian). Alcamo: Tipografia Cartografica.
  • Malanima, Paolo (2009). Pre-Modern European Economy: One Thousand Years (10th–19th Centuries). BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-17822-9.
  • Marsala, M. T. (1980). Atlante di Storia Urbanistica Siciliana "Alcamo". Palermo: Flaccovio S.F.
  • Mirabella, Gaspare (1981). Alcamo quello che resta... Alcamo: Sarograf.
  • Mirabella, Francesco Maria (1980). Alcamensia noterelle storiche con appendici di documenti inediti. Alcamo: Sarograf.
  • Calia, Roberto (1991). Una città da scoprire: Alcamo. Alcamo: Edizioni Blu Imaging & ADV.
  • Calia, Roberto (1992). Lo Stemma della Città di Alcamo (attraverso i secoli). Alcamo: Sarograf.
  • Regina, Vincenzo (1975). Storia società e cultura dal cinque al settecento. Alcamo: Edizioni Accademia di studi "Cielo D'Alcamo".
  • Calia, Roberto (1997). I palazzi dell'aristocrazia e della borghesia alcamese. Alcamo: Carrubba.
  • Regina, Vincenzo (1977). Ottocento alcamese storia e arte. Alcamo: Edizioni Accademia di studi "Cielo D'Alcamo".
  • Regina, Vincenzo (1956). Brevi note su Alcamo del 1700. Alcamo: Edizioni Accademia di studi "Cielo D'Alcamo".
  • Regina, Vincenzo (1992). Alcamo una città della Sicilia. Palermo: Aracne.
  • Mirabella, Francesco Maria (1919). Sull'origine della città di Alcamo. Acireale: Popolare.
  • Di Giovanni, V. (1876). Notizie storiche della città di Alcamo. Palermo: Amenta M.
  • Rocca, Pietro Maria (1894). Delle muraglie e porte della città di Alcamo. Palermo: Lo Statuto.
  • Regina, Vincenzo (1982). Bonifato Terra Sicana Elima da Lungaro a Longarico. Alcamo: Cartograf.
  • Di Graziano, A. A. (1981). Note e documenti per la storia di Alcamo nei secoli XIII e XIV. Roma: Centro Ricerca.
  • Regina, Vincenzo (1986). Alcamo, paesaggio urbano e rurale. Alcamo: Edizioni Leopardi.
  • Bembina, G. B. (1979). Storia ragionata della città di Alcamo. Alcamo: Editrice Zulemia.
  • De Blasi, Ignazio (1880). Della opulenta città di Alcamo. Discorso storico. Alcamo.
  • Trasselli, C. (1971). Alcamo un comune feudale del trecento. Trapani: Corrao G.
  • Regina, Vincenzo (1979). Alcamo dalla prima guerra mondiale ai giorni nostri. Alcamo: Edizioni di Studi "Cielo D'Alcamo".
  • Mirabella, Francesco Maria; Rocca, Pietro Maria (1884). Guida artistica della città di Alcamo. Alcamo: Bagolino.
  • Polizzi, G. (1879). I monumenti di antichità e d'arte della provincia di Trapani. Trapani.
  • Maniaci, G.; Di Bernardo, R. (1974). Espansione e problema ecologico nel comprensorio di Alcamo. Alcamo: Damiano Campo.
  • Città di Alcamo – Assessorato al Turismo (2002). Alcamo – un itinerario guidato per una città tutta da scoprire...
  • Cataldo, Carlo (2001). La conchiglia di S. Giacomo. Alcamo: Edizioni Campo.
  • Cataldo, Carlo (1982). Guida storico-artistica dei beni culturali di Alcamo, Calatafimi, Castellammare del golfo, Salemi, Vita. Alcamo: Sarograf.
  • Regina, Vincenzo (2002). Cavalieri ospedalieri e pellegrini per le antiche vie della provincia di Trapani.
  • Longo, Ignazio (2013). Terra Alcami. Imago Urbis. Rappresentazioni iconografiche e cartografiche antiche. Rome: Aracne editrice. ISBN 978-88-548-6350-7.

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Alcamo.
 
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Alcamo.
  • "Comune di Alcamo, Official Site". Retrieved 26 March 2020.
  • "Alcamo Information". Retrieved 26 March 2020.
  • "Alcamo, Cuore del Golfo". Retrieved 26 March 2020.
  • "Alcamo Cuore del Golfo al TG regione". Retrieved 26 March 2020.

April 11, 2023
alcamo, other, uses, disambiguation, italian, pronunciation, alˈkaːmo, sicilian, Àrcamu, fourth, largest, town, commune, province, trapani, sicily, with, population, inhabitants, borderline, with, metropolitan, city, palermo, distance, about, kilometres, from,. For other uses see Alcamo disambiguation Alcamo Italian pronunciation alˈkaːmo Sicilian Arcamu is the fourth largest town and commune of the Province of Trapani Sicily with a population of 44 925 inhabitants It is on the borderline with the Metropolitan City of Palermo at a distance of about 50 kilometres from Palermo and Trapani AlcamoComuneComune di AlcamoCoat of armsLocation of AlcamoAlcamoLocation of Alcamo in ItalyShow map of ItalyAlcamoAlcamo Sicily Show map of SicilyCoordinates 37 58 40 N 12 57 50 E 37 97778 N 12 96389 E 37 97778 12 96389 Coordinates 37 58 40 N 12 57 50 E 37 97778 N 12 96389 E 37 97778 12 96389CountryItalyRegionSicilyProvinceTrapani TP FrazioniAlcamo MarinaGovernment MayorDomenico SurdiArea 1 Total130 79 km2 50 50 sq mi Elevation256 m 840 ft Population 31 October 2020 Data Table Istat Total44 925 Density340 km2 890 sq mi DemonymAlcamesiTime zoneUTC 1 CET Summer DST UTC 2 CEST Postal code91011Dialing code0924Patron saintMadonna of the MiraclesSaint day21 JuneWebsiteOfficial websiteNowadays the town territory includes an area of 130 79 square kilometres and is the second municipality as for population density in the province of Trapani after Erice 2 Alcamo is bounded by the Tyrrhenian Sea on the north Balestrate and Partinico on the east Camporeale on the south and Calatafimi Segesta and Castellammare del Golfo on the west Its most important hamlet is Alcamo Marina at about 6 kilometres from the town centre Together with other municipalities it takes part in the Associazione Citta del Vino the movement Patto dei Sindaci Progetto Citta dei Bambini Rete dei Comuni Solidali 3 and Patto Territoriale Golfo di Castellammare 2 Contents 1 Geography 1 1 Territory 1 2 Climate 2 History 2 1 Etymology 2 2 Prehistory 2 3 Longuro and Longarico 2 4 Origins 2 5 Medieval age 2 6 Modern age 2 7 Contemporary age 3 Coat of arms 4 Main sights 4 1 Civil buildings 4 2 Religious buildings 4 2 1 14th century 4 2 2 15th century 4 2 3 16th century 4 2 4 17th century 4 2 5 18th century 4 2 6 20th 21st centuries 4 3 Military buildings 4 4 Archaeological sites 4 5 Natural areas 4 6 Hinterland 5 Society 5 1 Demographical evolution 5 2 Ethnic groups and foreign minorities 6 Culture 6 1 Museums 6 2 Media 6 3 Music 6 4 Dance 6 5 Religious traditions and folklore 6 6 Recreational activities 6 7 Sport events 6 8 Local market 7 Cuisine 8 People 9 Economy 10 Transports and infrastructures 11 Administration 11 1 Twin towns 12 Sport 12 1 Sport facilities 12 2 Sports personalities 13 See also 14 Other projects 15 Notes 16 Sources 17 External linksGeography EditTerritory Edit Alcamo is situated in the middle of the Gulf of Castellammare at 258 metres above the sea level and at the foot of Mount Bonifato a calcareous complex 825 metres high At the altitude of 500 metres near the Funtanazza there is the Nature Reserve of Monte Bonifato The territory of Alcamo includes also Alcamo Marina mainly used as a summer resort Climate Edit The climate is mild with higher rainfall during winter than summer 4 The average annual temperature is 16 9 C 4 with higher temperatures in August 24 8 C 4 and lower temperatures in February 10 3 C 4 The average annual rainfall is 558 mm 4 Rainfall is particularly scarcer in July 4 mm 4 and more abundant in December 83 mm 4 Climate data for AlcamoMonth Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec YearAverage high C F 13 1 55 6 13 2 55 8 14 8 58 6 17 5 63 5 21 5 70 7 25 4 77 7 28 5 83 3 28 7 83 7 25 9 78 6 21 7 71 1 17 7 63 9 14 4 57 9 20 2 68 4 Daily mean C F 10 4 50 7 10 3 50 5 11 7 53 1 13 9 57 0 17 6 63 7 21 4 70 5 24 5 76 1 24 8 76 6 22 4 72 3 18 6 65 5 14 8 58 6 11 8 53 2 16 9 62 3 Average low C F 7 7 45 9 7 5 45 5 8 6 47 5 10 4 50 7 13 8 56 8 17 5 63 5 20 5 68 9 21 0 69 8 18 9 66 0 15 5 59 9 12 0 53 6 9 2 48 6 13 6 56 4 Average precipitation mm inches 72 2 8 60 2 4 52 2 0 48 1 9 21 0 8 9 0 4 4 0 2 14 0 6 37 1 5 78 3 1 80 3 1 83 3 3 558 22 1 Source Climate Data org 5 Part of the beach of Alcamo Marina in summer The countryside around Alcamo in spring One of the rare snowfalls in Alcamo 8 January 1981 Seismic classification zone 2 medium high seismicity Ordinance PCM 3274 20 March 2003 Climatic classification zone B 1140 degree day 6 Koppen climatic classification CSa 4 Atmospheric diffusivity low Ibimet CNR 2002History EditEtymology Edit There are discordances about the etymology of the toponym Alcamo one of the hypothesis connects the present name to the Arab word al qama which would mean muddy earth or rich soil 7 another supposition is that it had been derived from the name of the Muslim leader who probably founded the town in 828 AD and whose name was al Qamuq in Arabic القاموق According to some people this hypothesis was invented by Leo Africanus who had told this story without consulting any document on the subject 8 Besides according to some scholars the name Alcamo would derive from caccamu a dialectal word referring to the plant Citrullus colocynthis 7 Prehistory Edit Though there is little information about it there are evidences that territory of Alcamo was inhabited even in prehistoric times in one of the most ancient sites near contrada Molinello a country district they discovered archaeological findings dating back to the Mesolithic approximately 9 000 6 000 BC 9 and other very old ones dating back to the Neolithic during the archaeological excavations done by the archaeologist Paolo Orsi 1899 and the marquis Antonio De Gregorio 1917 near the river Fiume Freddo 10 One of the most important finds is an axe from the Neolithic kept at the Museo archeologico regionale Paolo Orsi of Syracuse 9 Longuro and Longarico Edit From the quotations by Lycophron we know that in old times there was an inhabited centre called Longuro on Mount Bonifato 11 According to an old story this settlement was founded by a Greek colony which had escaped from the destruction of the town of Troy 12 During the Roman period the inhabitants of Longuro moved to the foot of the mountain so they could practice agriculture in the surrounding lands 11 The town was called Longaricum 11 this name appears in the Itinerario di Antonino Pio Itinerary of Antoninus Pius in the 3rd century AD 11 and would coincide with the Latin name of Longuro 13 According to a supposition the two hillocks appearing on the gonfalon of Alcamo would represent both the towns of Longaricum and Longuro Origins Edit Alcamo was founded in 828 by the Muslim commander al Kamuk after whom it is probably named though other sources date its origin to about 972 The first document mentioning Alcamo is dating back to 1154 in a paper written by the Berber geographer Idrisi who was given this task by Roger II of Sicily 14 in order to get a collection of geographic maps From a distance longer than an Arab mile the writer describes the position of Alcamo viewed from the Castle of Calatubo visible even today from the town territory and defines it as a manzil that is a hamlet or a group of houses with rich soil and a flourishing market 14 This hamlet was called Alqamah by Arabs 15 In a diary of 1185 the Andalusian pilgrim Ibn Jubayr confirms the Arab origin of the town 14 in fact during his travel from Palermo to Trapani he stopped at Alcamo and describes it as a beleda town with mosques and a market whose inhabitants were of Muslim religion 14 Medieval age Edit Arab fountain of Alcamo In the Middle Ages Alcamo was largely inhabited by Muslim people whose numbers declined after the Norman conquest of Sicily begun in 1060 Alcamo was divided into four hamlets named San Vito San Leonardo Sant Ippolito and San Nicolo del Vauso 16 but a series of Arab revolts between 1221 and 1243 led King Frederick II to move most of the Arab population 17 to a colony at Lucera while Christians from Bonifato came to inhabit the town In this period the poet Ciullo or Cielo d Alcamo was born In 1340 Raimondo Peralta acquired the feud and barony of Alcamo from Peter II of Aragon 15 18 Then the barony passed to his son Guglielmo Peralta Sclafani called Guglielmone 18 and afterwards to the Ventimiglia family up to 1397 Giaimo de Prades 1407 the Cabrera family the Speciale family Pietro Balsamo prince of Roccafiorita 1618 and finally to Giuseppe Alvarez 1777 15 In the 14th century Alcamo had several thousands of inhabitants 19 and hundreds of them had immigrated from different parts of Sicily and Italy in particular Pisa Amalfi Bologna Calabria Liguria and some also from Spain 19 During this period Antonello da Messina moved to Alcamo for three years around 1438 1441 in order to learn the tanning techniques from the tanner master Guglielmo Adragna di Alcamo 19 in fact the town was an important pole of development for commerce and handicraft 20 In particular it had a massive exchange of wheat and wine with the nearby towns 20 and there were also expert artisans such as bakers blacksmiths tanners and weavers 20 During this century Alcamo was an important centre for wheat storage and sorting 20 In the same period the writer Giacomo Adragna transcribed the Commentarii in Persium and Pietro d Alcamo many works from the library of San Martino 21 Modern age Edit Porta Palermo in a print of 1900 At about the year 1500 Alcamo was under the jurisdiction of the captain of justice Ferdinando Vega who fought against the raiding Turkish pirates The town was surrounded by defensive embattled walls provided with four gates 22 Porta Palermo afterwards called Porta Saccari at the end of the present via Rossotti Porta Corleone at the end of the present via Commendatore Navarra Porta di Gesu opposite the church of Saint Mary of Jesus next to the Franciscan friary Porta Trapani later called Porta del Collegio at the beginning of via Commendatore Navarra During this period the town was divided into four quarters each one associated with the name of the main church in that area 23 24 San Giacomo de la Spada San Calogero San Francesco d Assisi or Terra nuova 25 Maggiore Chiesa The division between these quarters was coincident with the main streets of the town that are the present Corso 6 Aprile and Via Rossotti and its continuation via dei Baroni Emanuele di San Giuseppe 23 called incorrectly Via Barone di San Giuseppe 25 In 1535 in coincidence with the visit of the emperor Charles V coming back from Tunisia the old Porta Trapani was closed and four gates were opened 22 new Porta Trapani near the beginning of the present Corso 6 Aprile that was called Corso Imperiale new Porta Palermo initially called Porta San Francesco at the end of today s Corso 6 Aprile Porta Stella at the corner between Via Stella and Piazza Ciullo this name derives from the name of the Church of Our Lady of the Star in Italian Madonna della Stella near there Porta Nuova between the present Discesa al Santuario and Piazza della Liberta The Sanctuary of Madonna of Miracles During the 16th century there was a development in education in Alcamo because of the construction of new schools and the activity of expert teachers in particular the poet and scholar Sebastiano Bagolino 1562 1604 21 24 In 1547 the Madonna appeared to some women of the people and an image of Madonna Fons Misericordiae was discovered and worshipped as Our Lady of Miracles 26 In the late 16th century the population was decimated by an infectious disease 27 and the victims were buried in the cemetery of Saint Ippolito 27 In 1667 Mariano Ballo ordered the construction of a theatre called teatro Ferrigno later demolished and rebuilt during the 1960s after the reconstruction it was first called cine teatro Euro and later Teatro Cielo d Alcamo Map of Alcamo in a painting of 1725 During the 18th century pestilence and popular rebellions occurred in Alcamo again 27 On the other hand this age was important for art because of the construction of the Basilica of Our Lady of the Assumption 1699 designed by the architects Angelo Italia and Giuseppe Diamante 15 Its interior was also decorated with 38 frescoes made by the Flemish painter Guglielmo Borremans between 1736 and 1737 15 In the same period the Church of Saint Olivia was renovated Saint Paul and Bartholomew s Church was rebuilt 1689 27 and the Church of the Holy Crucifix or saint Francis of Paola was completed 1699 28 together with the monumental church of College some decades later 1767 28 The population of the town gradually recovered from the pestilence and increased to 13 000 in 1798 27 Contemporary age Edit At the beginning of the 19th century Alcamo s feudal status was abolished 1812 15 and the town became a direct royal possession 24 The archpriests Stefano Triolo Galifi and Giuseppe Virgilio together with the baron Felice Pastore were members of the Sicilian Parliament as representatives of Alcamo 28 In 1820 during a revolt there were different murders sacks release of criminals from prison and a fire in the municipal archives 29 and in 1829 many people died of cholera 29 In 1843 the construction of the present Town Hall started on a land of the baron Felice Pastore On 6 April 1860 Stefano and Giuseppe Triolo let the Italian Tricolour wave on the town hall 29 creating groups of volunteers in order to help Giuseppe Garibaldi in the battle of Calatafimi and from Alcamo some dictatorial edicts on Victor Emmanuel II s behalf were issued Some time later Francesco Crispi prepared the Constitution for the lands set free Further to this event Corso Imperiale was named Corso 6 Aprile in memory of 6 April in which the volunteers started to be enlisted in Alcamo 24 During the Unification of Italy the brothers Triolo of Sant Anna and Giuseppe Coppola of Monte San Giuliano enlisted many citizens to fight with the Garibaldians in 1860 15 The Great War Memorial 1915 1918 inaugurated in 1929 30 At the end of the 19th century in 1897 public lighting was inaugurated in Alcamo during the traditional feast of Our Lady of Miracles Among the most important people of this period we have to remind Don Giuseppe Rizzo a priest who founded the bank called Cassa Rurale e Artigiana Don Rizzo 1902 31 At the beginning of the 20th century 1901 1911 the number of citizens in Alcamo diminished abruptly partially because of the emigration of 36 718 Sicilians abroad and in particular to the United States 32 but it is possible that the statistics about this year and the previous years were not reliable because the census was carried out without following certain criteria 33 In the same period the cultivations in the territory of Alcamo were affected by phylloxera and two banks Cooperativa and Segestana went bankrupt with subsequent economic difficulties for its citizens 34 There were also some events linked to the Mafia such as the murder of Gaspare Cottone a carter 1899 31 and the death of the 19 years old Benedetto Guastella during a fire conflict with carabinieri in 1900 31 As the Mafia had taken power in the districts of Trapani and Alcamo 31 the commissary Cesare Mori intervened with a series of arrests and charges against the material executors of the crimes occurred in the area 31 and finally they arrested Vincenzo and Michele Tedesco brothers and Baldassare Adragna considered the heads of the gangs in Trapani s territory 31 Facade of the cinema theatre Marconi today a congress centre During the First World War four hundred citizens from Alcamo died 29 and the following period was characterized by poverty because of monetary inflation and banditry In 1918 about five hundred people died because of Spanish flu 29 and in the Second World War 213 citizens from Alcamo died or were lost 29 The entrance to Societa Generale Elettrica della Sicilia SGES in Alcamo in the 40s The foundation of Societa Elettrotecnica Palermitana 35 whose name was changed into Societa Generale Electrica della Sicilia SGES and which installed an important electric workroom in the district of Saint Augustine in Alcamo dates back to the twenties 35 The jobs inside this firm were very longed for because it was the only firm in Trapani Province which had a Health insurance fund and granted holidays 35 The electric workroom existed until 1963 when it was acquired by Enel and demolished 35 During the years in which SGES operated there was an improvement of the electric services in Alcamo s territory owing also to the realization of several artificial lakes 35 During Fascism the citizens asked the government to appoint Alcamo as the capital of the province 1930 but this request was not satisfied 29 The old theatre Ferrigno in Alcamo early 20th century On 19 August 1937 the fascist leader Benito Mussolini visited the town crossing Corso 6 Aprile by an open car and parading through the crowd of his supporters 36 The visit was due to the inauguration of the railway line between Trapani and Alcamo completed in the same year 37 Some weeks later prince Umberto visited Alcamo too 36 On 21 July 1943 the American troops entered Alcamo without any opposition 29 freeing the town from Italian Fascism On 18 December 1944 because of the economic and social discomfort the citizens raised up occupied the Town Hall and put its archives on fire 29 Since 1960 the town planning system has been greatly expanding particularly at the foot of Mount Bonifato with the construction of Viale Europa which is one of the most important street in Alcamo At about the end of the 1980s and the beginning of the 1990s there was a bloody Mafia war between the clan Greco related to the Rimi family and the members of the emergent Mafia of Corleone led by the boss Vincenzo Milazzo in the territory of Alcamo Vincenzo Milazzo received orders from Toto Riina to eliminate members of the old Mafia in particular the member of the clan Greco and put in command only his trusted men Just for this reason the Greco family represented an obstacle the cause which roused the conflict was the approaching of some members of Cosa Nostra to the rival clan of Grecos The war bathed the town in blood for about five years and provoked tens of victims The new Corleone s Mafia prevailed but the cost to be paid was very high because a lot of members of this clan died During the same period in which there were armed clashes between the Mafia families at contrada Virgini in Alcamo they discovered the biggest heroin refinery in Sicily 1985 38 Tens of people died in five years and at the end the Mafia of Corleone prevailed The Church of Jesus Christ the Redeemer While the crimes of the Mafia went on and tens of people disappeared as victims of lupara bianca 39 there was a religious revival which led to the birth of several Catholic associations such as Rinnovamento nello Spirito Santo Neocatechumenal Way and the movement of Comunione e Liberazione 40 From the last one the parish community of the Church of Jesus Christ the Redeemer originated in the district of Sant Anna 2006 40 This religious revival was followed by a new interest into the town s old traditions mentioned in the works of Roberto Calia and Carlo Cataldo historians from Alcamo 40 Carlo Cataldo has also been prized several times both for his historical works and for his dialectal poems which tell Alcamo s folklore 40 The Cuba delle rose after its restoration In the 21st century there was a renovation of Alcamo s architectural context thanks to the restoration of some important historical buildings such as the Castle of the Counts of Modica the Theatre Cielo d Alcamo the Cine Theatre Marconi the Ex Jesuits College the Cuba delle rose in 2013 the church of College in 2014 the facade of Badia Nuova in 2014 and the old Arab fountain in 2016 Thanks also to the intervention of Fondo Ambiente Italiano it is expected the restoration of the Castle of Calatubo its chapel and the path leading to the castle have already been cleaned by the volunteers association Salviamo il Castello di Calatubo in 2015 41 Among the works of revaluation of the urban areas there are the restoration of Piazza Ciullo by the architect Gae Aulenti 1996 42 and the realization of an underground car park in Piazza Bagolino together with the creation of the near suburban park San Francesco The interest in environment is also associated with that in the territory in fact after the adhesion to the initiative Rifiuti Zero Zero Rubbish Alcamo has been considered an example to be followed for the results got between 2010 and 2013 in the field of waste sorting raccolta differenziata 43 Coat of arms EditThe Coat of arms of Alcamo used since the kingdom of Frederick II of Swabia is a black flying Eagle crowned by Gold in a Silver range with three hills below and two Golden Oaks 44 A sculpture of the coat of arms is put on a side wall of the Church of Saint Francis of Assisi near Porta Palermo Stucco representing the coat of arms of Alcamo near Porta Palermo 1750 45 Main sights EditCivil buildings Edit The tower of Palazzo De Ballis There are several historical civil buildings in Alcamo House of Ciullo d Alcamo 3 Piazzetta Leopardi near the Church of Saint Francis of Assisi Alcamo Palazzo De Ballis in Via Mariano de Ballis built in the 16th century with a square tower with battlements adorned with a round arch that contains two windows a double lancet and one triple lancet 46 it was probably designed in 1490 by Tommaso and Pietro Oddo 25 Ex Loggia Comunale 1500 built after the design of the architect Domenico Vitale it has a base made with travertine and the upper part in calcarenite It was used as a loggia from 1525 to 1767 It is located at the corner between Corso 6 Aprile and via Barone di San Giuseppe Palazzo Aversa in via Porta Stella n 48 it has balconies in carved stone and the coat of arms with a red lion looking at a red comet Palazzo D Angelo between corso 6 Aprile and via Fratelli sant Anna built in 1768 Palazzo D Angelo Piazza Ciullo n 12 19th century Palazzo De Stefani via Commendatore Navarra opposite to Badia Nuova in Liberty style was built in the 19th century Palazzo Diana or Termine it is located at the corner between via Ignazio de Blasi and Corso 6 Aprile there are two small columns at the corner one double lancet window in via De Blasi with the Diana s coat of arms and a cornice similar to Gothic style above the door Palazzo Di Gregorio in via Dante built in about the 17th century 46 Palazzo Ferrando Mistretta between via Diaz and via Sant Oliva Palazzo Ferrara at the corner of via Francesco Crispi and via Ruggero Settimo in classical style built in 1909 46 Palazzo Fraccia in via 11 Febbraio in Baroque style built in 1700 by the baron Agostino Fraccia 46 Palazzo Guarrasi via 15 Maggio n 15 built in the early 18th century Palazzo Mistretta Galati earlier palazzo Fraccia between Piazza Bagolino and corso 6 Aprile in Liberty style Palazzo Morfino via Giuseppe Fazio n 17 built in the 18th century Palazzo Palmerini at the corner of via Madonna dell Alto and via Buonarroti Palazzo Pastore in Corso 6 Aprile near Piazza Ciullo in neoclassic style built at the end of the 18th century 46 Some elements of the facade are similar to those of Basilica and Palazzo Di Gregorio in via Dante Palazzo Patti Piazza Ciullo n 24 built in the 18th century 46 Palazzo Peria corso 6 Aprile n 102 opposite Centro Congressi Marconi built in 1700 it has two floors restored with the system Livigny in 1806 it was the seat of the municipality 46 Palazzo Pia Opera Pastore designed by the architect Giovan Battista Palazzotto in 1872 Palazzo Polizzi between corso 6 Aprile and Via Don Rizzo Palazzo Quattrocchi built in the 18th century at via 15 Maggio n 47 Palazzo Rocca in Corso 6 Aprile built in 1629 Inside it there is a garden 46 Palazzo Rossotti Chiarelli in via Rossotti in baroque style built in the 18th century it has an artistic main door and some magnificent balconies with iron railings 46 Palazzo Speciale in corso 6 Aprile n 51 at the corner with via Mariano de Ballis built at the end of the 18th centuries its balconies have wrought iron railings Palazzo Triolo between Corso 6 Aprile and via Fratelli Sant Anna built at the end of the 18th century it belonged to the barons of Sant Anna Palazzo Velez in Via Buonarroti behind the Basilica of Our Lady of the Assumption built between 1600 and 1700 it has an internal garden Palazzo Virgilio between Corso 6 Aprile and via Stefano Polizzi built at the end of the 18th century Town Hall in Piazza Ciullo in Neoclassic style built in 1843 46 Villa Luisa between via Madonna Alto Mare via Rossotti and via Federico II built in 1903 in Liberty style with a Moorish trend after a project of the architect Francesco Naselli 46 Religious buildings Edit 14th century Edit The portal of the Church of Our Lady of the Star The portal of the Ex Church of Saint James of the Sword The Church of our Lady of the Star Chiesa di Santa Maria della Stella which is abandoned now was the first Mother Church of Alcamo since 1313 47 It was located in the old district of San Vito 48 and inside it there was the painting of Our Lady of Honey Madonna del Miele dated 1300 and later moved into the Saints Paul and Bartholomew s Church 49 they believe this painting is the oldest one in Alcamo 50 51 Ex Church of Saint James of the Sword Ex Chiesa di San Giacomo de Spada built before 1529 it was enlarged between 1625 and 1636 52 15th century Edit Church of Saint Thomas Chiesa di San Tommaso the date of its construction is uncertain probably the first half of the 15th century 53 54 It is faced by a great portal with geometrical decorations Church of Saint Mary of Jesus Chiesa di Santa Maria di Gesu built in the 15th century and enlarged in 1762 55 It holds the body of the Blessed Arcangelo Placenza from Calatafimi ex Church of saint Maria del Soccorso Ex Church of Our Lady of Rescue built in the 15th century 56 Church of saint Vito Chiesa di San Vito it gave the name to the ancient district of San Vito and to the street where it is located It was already existing in 1492 and according to Ignazio de Blasi a historian from Alcamo it was founded by a member of the Confraternity of the Annunciation together with a hospital for poor people next to it 57 It was restored in 1922 and some decades ago there is nothing old in it and today is used by Eastern Orthodox Church Christians for their rites Church of the Holy Spirit quoted in a deed dated 1491 as it is affirmed by the historian Ignazio De Blasi It is located next to the first cemetery on the North side Portal of the Church of Saint Thomas 16th century Edit The facade of Church of the Holy Saviour Church of the Holy Saviour Alcamo Chiesa del Santissimo Salvatore or Badia Grande is very important from the artistic point of view it was built in the 14th century baroque style and rebuilt around the middle of the 15th century and between 1690 and 1697 58 Inside it there are pictures by Novelli dating back to the mid of the 17th century Church of Saint Olivia Chiesa di Sant Oliva was built in 1533 and renovated in 1724 59 60 Inside there are a picture by Pietro Novelli on the main altar Sacrificio della Messa dated 1639 15 and works by the Gagini Sanctuary of Madonna of Miracles Santuario di Maria Santissima dei Miracoli built in 1547 61 62 Church of the Holy Crucifix or saint Francis of Paola Chiesa del Santissimo Crocifisso built in 1550 63 Now it is the parish of Saint Francis of Paola Church of the Annunciation Chiesa dell Annunziata o del Carmine built in the 14th century it was rebuilt in 16th and 17th centuries but collapsed in 1866 64 65 ex Church of Saint Nicholas from Bari Ex Chiesa di San Nicolo di Bari built in 1430 demolished and rebuilt in 1558 66 Church of saint Augustine Alcamo 1589 17th century Edit The facade of Basilica di Santa Maria Assunta in a photo of the early years of the 20th century Basilica of Our Lady of the Assumption was realized during the 14th century and rebuilt in 1669 the present facade was realized in 1786 67 the portal and the bell tower are the only remains from the original church of the 14th century It is located in the centre of the town near piazza Ciullo The interior is tripartite and contains frescoes by Guglielmo Borremans In the apse and side chapels there are works by Antonello Gagini called Madonna with the Saints Philip and James the Crucifix and the Transit of the Virgin 15 There are also other works made by his apprentices In a chapel there is also The Holy Thorn 68 In 2010 the Sacred Art Museum was opened it contains many works from other churches On the right in the first chapel there is also a modern architectural work dedicated to Don Rizzo founder of the homonymous bank designed by the architect Paolo Portoghesi Church of Saint Francis from Assisi Chiesa di San Francesco d Assisi built between the years 1224 1226 demolished and rebuilt between 1608 and 1648 69 Inside it there are a marble ancon probably by Domenico Gagini and two sculptures reproducing the Maddalena and Saint Mark both ascribed to Antonello Gagini Church of Saints Paul and Bartholomew Chiesa dei Santissimi Paolo e Bartolomeo built between 1615 and 1689 70 71 has got characteristic baroque features and holds a very ancient and valuable picture the Madonna del Miele made about the year 1300 Church of Santa Maria delle Grazie Church of Our Lady of Graces built in 1619 and enlarged between 1626 and 1636 72 Church of Saint Anne Chiesa di Sant Anna 1630 1634 73 Church of Saint Peter Ex Chiesa di San Pietro Via Barone di san Giuseppe 19 It was built in 1367 and reconstructed in the years 1645 1649 then enlarged in 1742 after the design of Giovanni Biagio Amico an architect The artistic portal 1649 is on the main door the roof fell down because of the 1968 Belice earthquake Church of the saint Guardian Angel or Sheltered People Chiesa del S Angelo Custode or Chiesa delle Riparate 1647 74 Church of the Holy Family built in the 16th century in Piazza Ciullo ex Collegio dei Gesuiti Ex Collegio dei Gesuiti built in the 17th century in the 18th century they added an arcade Church of the College of Jesuits or Church of Jesus Chiesa del Collegio dei Gesuiti or Chiesa del Gesu built between 1684 and 1767 75 76 Church of Our Lady with a Chain Chiesa Maria della Catena Built in 1661 it hosts a portrait of Our Lady with a Chain ascribed to Giuseppe Renda 18th century Ex Church of Saint Catherine of Monte di Pieta Ex Chiesa di Santa Caterina del Monte di Pieta in corso 6 Aprile at the corner of Via Barone di San Giuseppe Its facade with a simple portal was made in 1608 and the painting of Saint Catherine of Alexandria 1621 realized by Giuseppe Carrera or Giacomo Lo Verde is now kept at the Sacred Art Museum 18th century Edit The facade of the Church of the Most Holy Trinity Alcamo Saints Cosma and Damiano s Church Chiesa dei Santi Cosma e Damiano or Santa Chiara built in 1500 and rebuilt between 1721 and 1725 77 78 It has a baroque style and inside it there are two sculptures by Serpotta 79 Badia Nuova or Monastero di San Francesco di Paola not to be confused with the homonymous Church was built in 1531 demolished in 1699 and rebuilt in the first half of the 18th century 80 81 There are a picture by Pietro Novelli and some allegorical representations by Giacomo Serpotta 15 Church of the Most Holy Trinity Chiesa della Santissima Trinita 1746 1757 82 Ex Church of Ecce Homo Ex Chiesa dell Ecce Homo 1750 83 Church of Our Lady of the Rosary Chiesa di Santa Maria del Rosario built in 1660 and reconstructed in 1761 84 20th 21st centuries Edit Sanctuary of Most Holy Mary of the Height Santuario di Maria Santissima dell Alto built in 929 and reconstructed in the 20th century 85 Sanctuary of Maria Santissima del Fiume on the Trunk Road 113 strada Statale 113 just after the Autostrada A29 junction Alcamo Ovest Built in the 1920s it is frequented by believers in May The small Church of the Most Holy Saviour already known in 1379 lately restored in 1942 Its facade was rebuilt in gothic style The small Church of Madonna del Riposo built in 1656 and restored in 1939 it is located at the end of the homonymous street Church of Saint Joseph the Worker Chiesa di San Giuseppe Lavoratore built in 1947 Church of the Holy Souls in Purgatory Chiesa delle Anime Sante del Purgatorio built in 1813 demolished and rebuilt in 1958 86 Church of the Holy Heart Alcamo Chiesa del Sacro Cuore built in 1967 87 Church of Jesus Christ the Redeemer Chiesa Gesu Cristo Redentore 88 built in 2006 Church of Madonna of the Good ThiefMilitary buildings Edit Military buildings in Alcamo include The Calatubo Castle by night The Castle of the Counts of Modica or Castle of Alcamo probably built in the 14th or 15th century by the Peralta family and then completed by the feudatories Enrico and Federico Chiaromonte In 1535 the emperor Charles V lodged there It was a possession of the Cabreras and then of the Counts of Modica until 1812 Later during the Reign of Italy and until 1960 it was used as a prison It has a rhomboidal shape with four towers two quadrangular at the corners and the other two are connected by curtains and are cylindrical In each tower there were a torture room for prisoners rooms for sentinels and for passing guest sovereigns One of the particular characteristics of the castle is given by the thick walls which bound it and that in old times defended it from the enemies attacks extremely well Castle of Ventimiglia situated on the top of Mount Bonifato It is a medieval castle and today there are only some parts of the walls the primary tower and the dungeons It took the name from Enrico Ventimiglia who declared he had built it just for defence though according to some interpretations it would date back to a previous period 89 The Calatubo Castle outside the town but inside its territory and on the road leading to Palermo is a fortress built in the early Middle Ages The homonymous village of Calatubo stood nearby and its commerce was based on the exportation of cereals and millstones 90 In the same place there is an old necropolis dating back to the 6th century BC 91 The watchtower located in the town centre in Corso 6 Aprile next to the Church of Saint Maria del Soccorso opposite the Mother Church Its construction dates back to 980 A D and is the oldest architectural work existing in Alcamo in perfect preservation conditions 92 Later the tower was bought by the diocese 1400 and used as a bell tower for the near Mother Church which at the time didn t have one 92 They put then two bells on its top the remaining one is on the west while the smaller one on the north side was dismounted at about 1950 for safety reasons 92 Inside the building you can see a stone winding staircase with 84 steps 50 of them are original ones 92 Archaeological sites Edit The interior of Funtanazza on Mount Bonifato In the territory of Alcamo there are several and interesting archaeological sites the ruins on Mount Bonifato 11 include Funtanazza probably used as a water reservoir Porta Regina the Castle of Ventimiglia the snowfields and the remains of the ancient village of Bonifato the ruins in the area of Calatubo which include the Castle of Calatubo the necropolis near it and the ruins of the surrounding village 91 The Cuba delle Rose an ancien Arab cistern near the Castle of Calatubo the ruins of the ancient Roman furnaces at Alcamo Marina used to produce tiles and bricks 93 the archaeological site in Contrada Mulinello where they have discovered finds dating back to the Mesolithic period 9 the area near Fiume Freddo where archaeological finds from the Neolithic have been found 10 The Geosite Travertino della Cava Cappuccini dating back to Pleistocene 94 they discovered here the fossilized shell of a turtle Geochelone sp 95 the Skeleton of a dwarf elephant dating back to 260 000 years ago 95 and two specimens of the giant edible dormouse red deer and wild boar kept at the Civic Museum of Ligny Tower of Trapani The beach of Alcamo Marina Natural areas Edit See also Alcamo Marina and Nature Reserve Bosco di Alcamo Among the areas of naturalistic interest near Alcamo there are the beaches of Alcamo Marina the Nature Reserve Bosco di Alcamo on Mount Bonifato and the Segestan thermal baths The hot springs are produced by the reclimbing of water of meteoric origin which meets the water of Fiume Caldo 96 They are seven kilometres far from Alcamo and next to the boundary with the territory of Castellammare del Golfo a small town which shares this naturalistic attraction with Alcamo According to the narration given by Diodorus Siculus they were created by the nymphs to favour Eracle s rest during his trip from Piloro to Erice 46 Hinterland Edit The surrounding areas include interesting touristic and historical locations like Segesta and Gibellina The old fishing village of Scopello 20 kilometres 12 mi from Alcamo has been referred to as having a remarkable seaside Another small town considered worth visiting is Castellammare del Golfo which is between these two places Society EditDemographical evolution Edit This section is empty You can help by adding to it February 2015 Historical populationYearPop 186119 531 187120 934 7 2 188137 497 79 1 190151 798 38 1 191132 211 37 8 192163 765 98 0 193151 687 18 9 193638 396 25 7 195141 815 8 9 196143 097 3 1 197141 596 3 5 198142 339 1 8 199142 621 0 7 200143 890 3 0 201145 314 3 2 Source Statistiche I Stat ISTAT URL consultato in data 28 December 2012 Ethnic groups and foreign minorities Edit According to the ISTAT data of 1 January 2013 the foreign people resident in Alcamo were 1 258 people corresponding to the 2 58 of the residing population 97 The most represented nationalities according to the percentage on the total residing population were 97 Romania 727 1 62 Morocco 155 0 34 Tunisia 118 0 26 Albania 60 0 13 China 31 0 07 Poland 22 0 05 Serbia 15 0 03 Culture Edit Presumed house of Cielo d Alcamo The poet Cielo d Alcamo known also as Ciullo d Alcamo was the author of the contrasto Rosa fresca aulentissima 24 He wrote in vernacular in the 12th century and was from Alcamo Many important places of the town such as the main square the theatre and the Classical Lyceum founded in 1862 have been named after the famous poet Puppet theatre of Alcamo From the cultural point of view in the following centuries Alcamo saw the rise of activities connected with arts such as the construction of churches and buildings first in the baroque and then Renaissance style with the coming of several artists of international level painters like Guglielmo Borremans and the very talented Pietro Novelli from Monreale sculptors Antonello Gagini and Giacomo Serpotta and other various artists who embellished the town s image Inside the Castle of the Counts of Modica there is a puppet theatre it has born again thanks to the engagement of Salvatore Oliveri the grandson of the puppet master Gaspare Canino who worked in Alcamo for about 50 years continuing the work of Luigi his father They often give performances inside the castles or in the square It is also noteworthy the activity of Compagnia Piccolo Teatro a theatre company founded in 1976 which has seen the rise and success of some actors and theatre directors During the feasts in Alcamo there are often streets entertainers and pedlars selling sweets dried fruit and different objects in their stands called baracchelle Museums Edit Inside Alcamo churches there are several artistic works Apart from foreign artists there were painters Giuseppe Renda and Gino Patti among the living artists Turi Simeti Vito Bongiorno and Gisella Giovenco sculptors were Giuseppe Bambina Pietro Montana and Nicola Rubino Museum of Contemporary Art located inside the Ex Jesuits College in Piazza Ciullo Museum of Multiethnic Musical Instruments Fausto Cannone it is located inside the Ex Church of Saint James of the Sword near the Castle of the Counts of Modica and Piazza della Repubblica It hosts a collection of 202 multiethnic instruments collected by Professor Fausto Cannone in different parts of the world such as rebab sarinda gansira swarpeti bansuri takita marambao vojnica e iakir what language is this Sacred Art Museum inside the Basilica of Our Lady of the Assumption 98 There are many paintings sculptures and other works coming from the town churches dating from the 13th century to the 20th Regional Vinotek of Western Sicily located inside the Castle of the Counts of Modica Media Edit There is a local radio Radio Alcamo Centrale which operates in the territory since 1976 99 The oldest periodical in Alcamo is Il Bonifato 100 The networks in Alcamo are Alpa Uno since 1976 and Video Sicilia since 1987 Music Edit Exhibition of the Choir Mater Dei inside the garden of Palazzo Rocca There are various musical associations in Alcamo the Premiato Complesso Bandistico Citta di Alcamo which is the oldest band in the province of Trapani was founded in 1880 101 In the first years it was led by the baron Giuseppe Triolo di Sant Anna 101 In 1892 during a contest with the other Sicilian musical bands and under the direction of the Maestro Raffaele Caravaglios it won the honour Diploma and the golden Medal that is why it is named premiato prized 101 The Brass Group has been the promoter of the Summertime Blues Festival which was held for various consecutive years in Piazza Ciullo and where blues singers and musicians from different parts of the world took part 102 The Associazione Amici della Musica Association of Friends of Music founded in 1986 organizes an annual season of classical and contemporary music concerts held in Alcamo and surrounding localities Since 1998 it has run an annual singing competition open to young opera singers of all nationalities In 2001 the association also established the international cultural prize known as Vissi d Arte Citta di Alcamo An annual prize the Vissi d Arte is awarded to individuals who have made exceptional contributions to art and society 103 The Associazione Jacopone da Todi is a chorus founded in 1989 it has the objective of spreading the knowledge of holy art in its different expressions the director is Gaetano Stellino a school teacher The Coro Mater Dei is a musical association born in 1998 and made up of about 30 members it has held various concerts especially during the Christmas holidays in Alcamo and in the province of Trapani The chorus master is Baldo Barone The Coro Francesca Adragna was founded in 2008 under the direction of the chorus master Maria Messana It has a very varied repertory arias from operettas opera melodies church music Sicilian popular tunes and Neapolitan songs A live concert during XXI edition of the Summertime Blues Festival in piazza Ciullo Dance Edit There are different school dances in Alcamo such as Whisky a Gogo it has organized for 20 years the Concorso Nazionale coreografico Danzalcamo Sara Renda the etoile at the Opera National de Bordeaux started his career as a dancer in this school Religious traditions and folklore Edit The simulacrum of Madonna of the Miracles during a traditional procession 19 March celebration in honour of Saint Joseph novena and procession Good Friday procession of the Dead Jesus and Our Lady of Sorrow First Sunday after Easter Feast of Jesus Christ the Redeemer cultural and religious event Second Sunday after Easter celebration in honour of Saint Francis of Paola cultural and religious event Third Sunday after Easter Feast of Patrocinio in honour of the Holy Family procession and lunch with the Holy Family 1 May celebration in honour of Saint Joseph the Worker novena and procession 13 June celebration in honour of Saint Anthony of Padua novena and procession 19 21 June Celebration in honour of Maria Santissima dei Miracoli Saint Mary of Miracles the patron saint of Alcamo cultural and religious events During the feast there are a solemn procession of the Madonna s simulacrum fireworks from the bastione in Piazza Bagolino and the descent of civil and political authorities to the Sanctuary of Madonna of Miracles In the past until 8 10 years ago there were horse races along Corso 6 Aprile the last two times they took place in Viale Italia End of July Saint Anne s feast with novena procession and cultural recreational activities 8 September Nativity of Mary celebrations at the Sanctuary of Most Holy Mary of the Height Madonna dell Alto on the top of Mount Bonifato with dialect poems recitation and procession 7 8 December celebration in honour of Immacolata Concezione the Immaculate Conception novena pastoral melodies and procession Alcamo Christmas concerts outdoor performances preparation of traditional Christmas cribs and pipers passing Recreational activities Edit July August Alcamo Estate sagras or festivals Calici di Stelle Blues Festival Festival di Nuove Impressioni July August Concorso Nazionale Coreografico Danzalcamo Second half of August Alcart legalita e cultura Legality and Culture a series of events exhibitions seminars music theatre etc October Concorso Internazionale per Cantanti Lirici Citta di Alcamo organized since 1998 by the Associazione Amici della Musica of Alcamo Second or third week end of December Cortiamo International Contest of short films organized since 2006 by Segni Nuovi a club of cinematographic culture within the Church of the Saints Paul and Bartholomew Sport events Edit 2 6 January International Costa Gaia Trophy youth soccer tournament European lightweight title professional boxing was contested in Alcamo on 14 August 1991 Defending champion Antonio Renzo from Calabria stopped British challenger Paul Charters in the 11th round Local market Edit The local market in Alcamo called mercatino takes place every Wednesday morning in Via Tre Santi near Viale Italia 104 105 Mustazzola in front and cuddureddi behind Cuisine EditSome specialities of cuisine of Alcamo are Handmade maccheroni Pasta with finocchi and sarde wild small fennels and sardines Sausages with cavuliceddi a typical Alcamo vegetable Dried filled tomatoes 106 Cuddureddi Christmas handmade fig sweets Tetu mixed and coloured biscuits Sciu cream sweets Muffulette fresh cooked roll bread with ricotta or other fillings People Edit Marble bust of Cielo d Alcamo inside Villa Giulia A bust of Don Giuseppe Rizzo kept inside the Civic Library of Alcamo Cielo d Alcamo 13th century poet Arcangelo Placenza from Calatafimi 1390 1460 presbyter and Franciscan friar 107 Sebastiano Bagolino 1560 1604 poet and painter 24 Guglielmo Borremans 1672 1744 Flemish painter Ignazio De Blasi 1717 1783 historian 24 Giuseppe Renda 1772 1805 painter 24 Felice Pastore Cambon 1786 1862 baron of Rincione politician and benefactor Franco Alesi Grand Parent s of Former Formula 1 Driver Jean Alesi Girolamo Caruso 1842 1923 agronomist and teacher at university Pietro Maria Rocca 1847 1918 historian Francesco Maria Mirabella 1850 1931 historian school teacher poet Giuseppe Rizzo 1863 1912 presbyter founder of the homonymous Cassa Rurale ed Artigiana 108 Nino Navarra poet 1885 1917 poet writer gold medal for his military value Vito Fazio Allmayer 1885 1958 philosopher pedagogist and university teacher Pietro Montana 1890 1978 sculptor painter and teacher Peter H Ruvolo 1895 1943 lawyer and politician Gaspare Canino 1900 1977 puppeteer Nicola Rubino 1905 1984 sculptor and painter Vincenzo Regina 1910 2009 historian presbyter Salvatore Asta 1915 2004 Catholic archbishop and diplomat Gino Patti 1925 1993 painter Ludovico Corrao 1927 2011 politician and senator Turi Simeti 1929 painter Carlo Cataldo 1933 historian and poet Vincenza Bono Parrino 1942 Minister of Cultural and Environmental Heritage in De Mita s government and teacher Giacomo Romano Davare 1945 writer stage director and teacher Gisella Giovenco Ferrara 1946 painter stylist and publicist Franca Viola 1947 the first Italian woman who refused the repairing wedding Antonino Raspanti 1959 Catholic bishop Benedetto Lo Monaco 1960 actor Vito Bongiorno 1963 painter Calandra amp Calandra Maurizio 1960 Giuseppe 1969 Folk singers Christian Rocca 1968 journalist and writer Stefano La Colla tenor Domenico Picciche 1970 pianist and teacher Ignazio Corrao 1984 politician and eurosceptic eurodeputy Sara Renda 1991 singer at the Opera National de Bordeaux An oil mill in Alcamo Antico Frantoio Vallone The stone quarry in Piano Santa Maria 1953 Economy EditAlcamo is one of the most important centres in Sicily for wine production especially Bianco Alcamo D O C 109 made from vineyards with espalier or tendone structures and using white common or bright catarratto vines eventually associated with damaschino grecanico and trebbiano 46 Besides the wine activity there are cattle and sheep breeding olive growing for the extraction of extra virgin olive oil 46 cereals particularly wheat and the typical oval melon with a green wrinkled peel locally called miluni purceddu 46 which has the peculiarity that can be kept longer than other kinds of melon 46 In the primary sector it is also significant quarrying of different marbles and mostly travertino though the tertiary sector more or less advanced has however got the majority of employed people Transports and infrastructures Edit Railway route between Alcamo and Trapani There are two motorway junctions from A29 motorway Palermo Mazara del Vallo Alcamo Est and Alcamo Ovest apart the junction of Castellammare del Golfo which links up with the north entrance to Alcamo Another motorway junction is from Alcamo Ovest A29 motorway diramazione Alcamo Trapani Alcamo is crossed by two National Roads strada statale 113 connecting Trapani with Messina and strada statale 119 connecting Alcamo with Castelvetrano The Railway line doesn t pass through the town centre but along the coast then inland on the west side The railway station of Alcamo Diramazione is located near the motorway junction of Alcamo Ovest and the station of Castellammare del Golfo is situated in the territory of Alcamo precisely at Alcamo Marina These State Highways or National Roads pass through Alcamo SS 113 Settentrionale Sicula SS 119 of Gibellina SS 187 of Castellammare del Golfo SS 731 Link Road Bretella of Castellammare del Golfo SS 732 Link Road Bretella of Alcamo Est SS 733 Link Road Bretella of Alcamo Ovest These Regional Roads SR of Sicily SR 2 Parti Piccolo Quaranta Salme Croce di Fratacchia SR 3 Alcamo Giardinaccio Rocche Cadute San Nicola SR 5 Bivio Quaranta Salme Bivio Sant Anna SR 6 of Calatubo SR 8 Amburgio Morfino Rincione Coda di Volpe And also these Provincial Roads SP of the province of Trapani pass through Alcamo SP 10 for Camporeale SP 33 of Fiumefreddo SP 47 for Alcamo Station of Castellammare del Golfo SP 49 for Passofondo SP 55 Alcamo Alcamo Marina SP 64 Quattrovie In the area of Alcamo there are also the following draining roads of the province of Trapani SB 21 Bisurdo Stracciabisacce SB 22 Case di Piraino SB 23 Maruggi Montelongo Along the National Road Palermo Sciacca SS 624 there is the exit Alcamo in both directions and is about 30 km from on the south west side of the town This exit wholly located in the territory of Poggioreale connects with the National Road of Gibellina SS 119 near the ex railway station and motorway junction of Gallitello through the Provincial road SP9 of the series n 182 Macchia Sella Bonfalco and the SB0 a local link road of Gibellina to the border between the territories of Poggioreale and Monreale Alcamo is about 40 km from the airport Falcone Borsellino Airport of Palermo Punta Raisi and about 50 km from the Vincenzo Florio Airport of Trapani Birgi Administration EditTwin towns Edit Jelgava Latvia Aqaba Jordan Khouribga MoroccoSport EditSee also Basket Alcamo Alcamo football team during a match in 1928 The most popular and practised sport in Alcamo as in most Italian towns has always been soccer the greatest team is the Alcamo team which was in the past a protagonist in some football seasons in League C Italian Serie C for its victories against Bari and Crotone and in League D Apart various regional trophies it has won the Coppa Italia Dilettanti in 1996 and the subsequent Supercoppa Italiana Dilettanti Together with the golden period in League C these were the most notable pages of the football history in Alcamo citation needed A recent when society crisis has caused bankruptcy and the team which played in League D had to restart from the First Category League Today it competes in the regional Eccellenza championship following the 2010 refoundation The activity of juvenile soccer is very active and the Adelkam football school emerges among the various youth teams because it has launched different football players and has won a lot of national and international competitions Alcamo is also the principal centre of the Costa Gaia International Trophy a youth football kermess in which a lot of titled teams take part and where many great players of the bigger championships have been the protagonists Basket Alcamo against CUS Cagliari Pallacanestro Basketball is also popular today with better results than football anyway citation needed The female team Basket Alcamo Gea Magazzini which has obtained important results in its history a long participation in A1 League and the final match in the Ronchetti Cup has played in the A2 League for eleven years and has regained the major league in the season 2011 2012 The male team has also obtained good results but not at the same levels The local handball team Pallamano Alcamo plays its home matches at the Palasport Enzo D Angelo Sport facilities Edit The town has got several sport facilities the most important are the stadium Lelio Catella with a capacity of about 10 000 people for football and athletics the Palazzetto dello Sport sports hall Tre Santi for Basket and the Palasport Enzo D Angelo an indoor stadium for handball There is a private swimpool open to public use La Fenice where young boys who have won National prizes train regularly In the same facility there is an ice skating rink When Alcamo football team played in League C the home matches were played at stadium Don Rizzo which together with Sant Ippolito stadium is now used by juvenile and minor teams Sports personalities Edit Gino Colaussi 1914 1991 national football player and trainer for Alcamo team Charley Fusari 1924 1985 US boxer Cynthia Cooper 1963 ex player for Basket Alcamo Jean Alesi 1964 ex French car racer Antonino Asta 1970 ex football player and trainer Lisa Leslie 1972 ex player for Basket Alcamo Giuseppe Scurto 1984 ex football player and trainer Giacomo Di Donato 1988 ex football playerSee also EditAlcamo MarinaOther projects Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Alcamo Notes Edit Superficie di Comuni Province e Regioni italiane al 9 ottobre 2011 Italian National Institute of Statistics Retrieved 16 March 2019 a b Comuni Italiani it tuttitalia it Alcamo a b c d e f g h climate data org Climate Alcamo Climate Data org Retrieved 19 May 2016 Comuni Italiani it Alcamo Clima e Dati Geografici a b Regina 1972 p 16 Regina 1972 p 20 a b c AlqamaH Historia Alcami Reperti archeologici Piccole tracce della storia di Alcamo a b Gruppo Archeologico Drepanon 2014 pp 17 18 a b c d e Alcamo e le origini da Longuro Longarico Archived from the original on 4 January 2015 Retrieved 14 February 2015 Orlandi 1770 p 204 Nuove effemeridi siciliane a b c d Regina 1972 p 15 a b c d e f g h i j Alcamo Enciclopedia Italiana 1929 Calia Craparo amp Baldassano Cataldo 1991 p 4 Orlandi 1770 pp 204 205 a b San Martino De Spucches amp Gregorio 2013 p 50 a b c Calia Craparo amp Baldassano Cataldo 1991 p 6 a b c d Calia Craparo amp Baldassano Cataldo 1991 p 8 a b Calia Craparo amp Baldassano Cataldo 1991 p 14 a b Calia Craparo amp Baldassano Cataldo 1991 p 10 a b Calia Craparo amp Baldassano Cataldo 1991 p 12 a b c d e f g h Comune di Alcamo Storia e tradizioni Archived from the original on 26 December 2014 Retrieved 14 February 2015 a b c Historia Alcami I Palazzi storici Intervista al Prof Roberto Calia storico Calia Craparo amp Baldassano Cataldo 1991 p 15 a b c d e Calia Craparo amp Baldassano Cataldo 1991 p 16 a b c Calia Craparo amp Baldassano Cataldo 1991 p 18 a b c d e f g h i Calia Craparo amp Baldassano Cataldo 1991 p 20 Chiarelli amp Cocchiara 2005 p 96 a b c d e f Chiarelli Andrea Cocchiara Dario 2005 Alcamo nel XX secolo Volume I 1900 1943 in Italian Campo Edizioni Chiarelli amp Cocchiara 2005 p 42 Chiarelli amp Cocchiara 2005 p 61 Chiarelli amp Cocchiara 2005 p 43 a b c d e La storia della prima Officina Elettrica di Alcamo 17 August 2015 a b Chiarelli amp Cocchiara 2005 p 120 Chiarelli amp Cocchiara 2005 p 143 la Repubblica it Un colpo all eroina SpA Chiarelli amp Cocchiara 2005 p 297 a b c d Chiarelli amp Cocchiara 2005 pp 299 300 AlpaUno Alcamo Castello Calatubo volontari ripuliscono la cappella AlqamaH Muore Gae Aulenti aveva riqualificato Piazza Ciullo Raccolta differenziata al 50 per cento Alcamo nel club dei Comuni virtuosi Orlandi 1770 p 207 Trapani Nostra Accanto alle Aquile di Carlo Cataldo a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Comune di Alcamo Alcamo PDF Archived from the original PDF on 4 March 2016 Retrieved 15 February 2015 Regina 1972 p 52 Regina 1972 p 51 in Italian TP24 it Luigi Culmone La storia della prima Chiesa Madre di Alcamo in Italian I monumenti di Alcamo Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine in Italian Sicilie it Alcamo Chiesa Santissimi Paolo e Bartolomeo trapaniplus Ex chiesa San Giacomo de Espada Archived from the original on 23 January 2015 Retrieved 17 February 2015 Comune di Alcamo Chiesa di San Tommaso Archived from the original on 23 January 2015 Retrieved 16 February 2015 trapaniplus Chiesa di San Tommaso Archived from the original on 23 January 2015 Retrieved 16 February 2015 trapaniplus Chiesa di Santa Maria del Gesu Alcamo Archived from the original on 23 January 2015 Retrieved 17 February 2015 trapaniplus Ex chiesa S Maria del Soccorso Archived from the original on 23 January 2015 Retrieved 17 February 2015 Cataldo Carlo 1982 Guida storico artistica dei beni culturali di Alcamo Calatafimi Castellammare del golfo Salemi Vita Alcamo Sarograf trapaniplus Chiesa del monastero del SS Salvatore Archived from the original on 23 January 2015 Retrieved 16 February 2015 Chiesa di Sant Oliva Archived from the original on 23 January 2015 Retrieved 16 February 2015 trapaniplus Chiesa di Sant Oliva Archived from the original on 23 January 2015 Retrieved 16 February 2015 Comune di Alcamo Santuario di Maria Santissima dei Miracoli Archived from the original on 23 January 2015 Retrieved 17 February 2015 trapaniplus Santuario Maria SS dei Miracoli Archived from the original on 23 January 2015 Retrieved 17 February 2015 Comune di Alcamo Chiese e monumenti Archived from the original on 23 January 2015 Retrieved 17 February 2015 Comune di Alcamo Chiesa dell Annunziata Archived from the original on 23 September 2015 Retrieved 17 February 2015 trapaniplus Chiesa di Maria SS Annunziata Archived from the original on 23 January 2015 Retrieved 17 February 2015 trapaniplus Ex chiesa di San Nicolo di Bari Archived from the original 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chiesa di S Maria del Rosario Archived from the original on 23 January 2015 Retrieved 17 February 2015 trapaniplus Chiesa di Maria SS Dell Alto Archived from the original on 23 January 2015 Retrieved 17 February 2015 Chiesa Parrocchiale delle Anime Sante trapaniplus Chiesa Parrocchiale delle Anime Sante Archived from the original on 23 January 2015 Retrieved 17 February 2015 Parrocchia Sacro Cuore di Gesu Alcamo Archived from the original on 23 January 2015 Retrieved 17 February 2015 La Chiesa del Redentore Alcamo Archived from the original on 16 February 2015 Retrieved 17 February 2015 Mariangela Ettari Il Castello di monte Bonifato Malanima 2009 p 75 a b iCastelli it Castello Di Calatubo Archived from the original on 28 December 2014 Retrieved 17 February 2015 a b c d ideazionenews it Alcamo il piu antico edificio ancora integro e del 980 Istituzioni e storici pero non ne parlano Archived from the original on 14 December 2015 Retrieved 9 June 2016 Comune di Alcamo Alcamo Marina Archived from the original on 3 April 2015 Retrieved 17 February 2015 Gruppo Archeologico Drepanon Bonifato La montagna ritrovata Trapani Il Sole editrice 2014 ISBN 978 88 905457 3 3 a b La tesi di Laurea Terme Libere di Segesta a b tuttitalia it Cittadini stranieri Alcamo 2013 Copia archiviata Archived from the original on 5 March 2016 Retrieved 15 September 2016 Radio Alcamo Centrale Storia Archived from the original on 4 February 2015 Retrieved 18 February 2015 Una universita ad Alcamo Archived from the original on 17 February 2015 Retrieved 18 February 2015 a b c BandaMusicale it Premiato Complesso Bandistico Citta di Alcamo Io amo la Sicilia Summer Blues Festival 2013 Winter Edition Associazione Amici della Musica Chi Siamo VirgilioCitta Alcamo Mercato Rionale Archived from the original on 16 February 2015 Retrieved 18 February 2015 Comune di Alcamo Calendario anno 2013 delle giornate lavorative presso il mercatino settimanale del mercoledi PDF Archived from the original PDF on 16 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e XIV Roma Centro Ricerca Regina Vincenzo 1986 Alcamo paesaggio urbano e rurale Alcamo Edizioni Leopardi Bembina G B 1979 Storia ragionata della citta di Alcamo Alcamo Editrice Zulemia De Blasi Ignazio 1880 Della opulenta citta di Alcamo Discorso storico Alcamo Trasselli C 1971 Alcamo un comune feudale del trecento Trapani Corrao G Regina Vincenzo 1979 Alcamo dalla prima guerra mondiale ai giorni nostri Alcamo Edizioni di Studi Cielo D Alcamo Mirabella Francesco Maria Rocca Pietro Maria 1884 Guida artistica della citta di Alcamo Alcamo Bagolino Polizzi G 1879 I monumenti di antichita e d arte della provincia di Trapani Trapani Maniaci G Di Bernardo R 1974 Espansione e problema ecologico nel comprensorio di Alcamo Alcamo Damiano Campo Citta di Alcamo Assessorato al Turismo 2002 Alcamo un itinerario guidato per una citta tutta da scoprire Cataldo Carlo 2001 La conchiglia di S Giacomo Alcamo Edizioni Campo Cataldo Carlo 1982 Guida storico artistica dei beni culturali di Alcamo Calatafimi Castellammare del golfo Salemi Vita Alcamo Sarograf Regina Vincenzo 2002 Cavalieri ospedalieri e pellegrini per le antiche vie della provincia di Trapani Longo Ignazio 2013 Terra Alcami Imago Urbis Rappresentazioni iconografiche e cartografiche antiche Rome Aracne editrice ISBN 978 88 548 6350 7 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Alcamo Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Alcamo Comune di Alcamo Official Site Retrieved 26 March 2020 Alcamo Information Retrieved 26 March 2020 Alcamo Cuore del Golfo Retrieved 26 March 2020 Alcamo Cuore del Golfo al TG regione Retrieved 26 March 2020 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Alcamo amp oldid 1145200770, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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