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Wikipedia

Al-Shifa Hospital siege

April 29, 2024

Al-Shifa Hospital siege[3][4]
Part of the siege of Gaza City

The siege depicted on a map
Date
  • 11–24 November 2023 (1 week and 6 days)[5]
  • 18 March 2024–1 April 2024 (2 weeks)
Location
Al-Shifa Hospital, Gaza City
31°31′27.5″N 34°26′34″E / 31.524306°N 34.44278°E / 31.524306; 34.44278
Result
  • IDF raids the hospital on 15 November[6][7]
  • Israel withdraws from Al-Shifa on 24 November[8]
  • Israel raids the hospital again on 18 March 2024
  • Israel withdraws on 1 April after destroying most of the hospital[9]
Belligerents
 Israel

 Hamas [a]
Palestinian Islamic Jihad [a]

Palestinian Civil Police Force
Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades[2]
Commanders and leaders

Yaron Finkelman[10]

Itzik Cohen[11]

Raad Thabet †[12] (Per IDF)

Faiq al-Mabhouh †[13]
Units involved

 Israel Defense Forces

 Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades
Al-Quds Brigades
Strength
Unknown 1,000+ militants (Per IDF)[11]
Casualties and losses
2 killed (Per IDF)[17] 200+ militants killed, 500+ captured (Per IDF)[18]
400+ Palestinians killed (per the Gaza Health Ministry)[19]
21 patients killed (per WHO)[20]
409 bodies recovered by the Palestinian Civil Defence[21]

Al-Shifa Hospital, the largest medical complex in Gaza, was placed under siege by Israel in mid-November 2023 during the Israel–Hamas war, after saying it had contained a Hamas command and control center beneath it. The incident was followed by a second major raid by Israeli forces in March 2024.

On 11 November, the hospital was completely encircled, cutting it off from the rest of Gaza City. According to Gazan health officials, the hospital contained 1,500 patients, 1,500 medical workers and around 15,000 displaced people who were seeking shelter in the hospital.[22][23] Both Israel and the United States have said that Hamas maintained command centers or command "nodes" below the hospital. Both the hospital's administration and Hamas denied that,[24][25][26] with the former asking the international community to send security experts to verify the Israeli allegations.[27] There were over 100 dead bodies placed in the courtyard and later buried by medical staff in a mass grave due to the siege.[28][29][30][31] On 15 November, Israeli forces said they entered the hospital after killing militants outside, and that they had discovered a Hamas command centre, weaponry, and tactical gear.[32]

After a media tour, The Guardian and CNN reported that the Israeli army had rearranged or doubled weapons for the tour[24][33] and that an Israeli video showing the discoveries had been edited. NBC News said that Israel released several pieces of inaccurate or disputed information, which weakened Israel's credibility.[34] Al Jazeera said that "many experts" accused Israel of fabricating evidence.[35] On 22 November, Israel published video showing multiple tunnels beneath the hospital;[36] The Wall Street Journal and The Guardian reported that this fell short of the original command center claims.[37][38] Israel published surveillance footage taken by the hospital's cameras, appearing to show two hostages being taken into the hospital.[39] The Guardian reported that Hamas had previously publicized taking hostages to receive medical treatment.[40] On 21 December, The Washington Post published analysis concluding that the hospital buildings in question were not actually connected to the tunnels.[41] On 2 January 2024, the United States released newly declassified documents showing that its spy agencies continued to believe that the hospital had been used as a command and control centre,[42] and the following day Israel announced that it had dismantled a tunnel beneath the hospital.[43] News reports the next day said that that both Israeli and US statements are not considered as conclusive proof of Hamas use of al-Shifa.[44][45]

The raid on the hospital and Israel's limited findings of military infrastructure led to international criticism,[46][47][48][49] including by UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Volker Türk who called for an independent investigation.[50] International law prohibits the targeting of hospitals unless used for a military purpose that is "harmful to the enemy", as well as the use of human shields for combatants; both constitute war crimes.[51] Jeremy Scahil accused Israel of waging a propaganda war to detract from accusations that its actions at al-Shifa constitute violations of international law. Medical staff at al-Shifa have accused Israel of directly causing the deaths of civilians being treated at al-Shifa, including prematurely born babies.[52] The head of the World Health Organization said, "hospitals are not battlegrounds," and that Israel's action was "totally unacceptable."[53] On 18 March 2024, Israeli forces conducted an overnight raid on Al-Shifa hospital following intel that senior Hamas officials had regrouped and were using the hospital "to command attacks".[54][55] After a two week siege that ended on 1 April 2024, the Al-Shifa hospital was mostly destroyed,[56] and hundreds of dead Palestinians were found in and around the hospital, including in mass graves.[57]

Background

Since 2007, the Gaza Strip has been under blockade by Israel and Egypt.[29][58] On 7 October 2023, Hamas attacked Israeli civilian communities and military bases, killing around 1,200 Israelis, the majority of whom were civilians, and taking about 250 hostages into Gaza.[59][60] Israel conducted a counterattack.[29] Israel also imposed a total blockade on Gaza,[61][62] invaded the Gaza Strip on 27 October,[63] and surrounded Gaza City on 2 November.[64]

Al-Shifa is the largest hospital in the Gaza Strip; it was originally a British army barracks but was converted into a hospital in 1946.[65]

Hamas's presence in the hospital during the 2014 Gaza War is disputed. Israel has stated that the hospital was a Hamas control and command centre,[66] and The Washington Post reported it had "become a de facto headquarters for Hamas leaders, who can be seen in the hallways and offices."[67][68] By contrast, doctors Erik Fosse and Mads Gilbert, who were working at the hospital, stated that they did not see any evidence of military activity at the hospital during the war.[69][70] Professor Sara Roy stated that military use of the hospital was "highly improbable".[70] Amnesty International reported in 2015 that Hamas had used abandoned areas of the hospital to "detain, interrogate, torture and otherwise ill-treat suspects" while the hospital was operational.[71][72]

The Israeli military had ordered all civilians in the region to evacuate on 13 October.[73] The IDF reported that Hamas was preventing the evacuation of civilians from the area and particularly from Al Shifa hospital, with the IDF stating that Hamas was using civilians as human shields.[74]

The IDF again requested all civilians in Northern Gaza and specifically Al-Shifa hospital to evacuate on 9 November.[75] Thousands of displaced civilians were sheltering in the hospital at the time of the attacks on 11 November.[76]

Legal status

 
Wounded child at al-Shifa Hospital, October 2023

Under the laws of war, hospitals normally enjoy protected status, making it forbidden to turn them into a conflict zone. That status is lost if there is evidence that the hospital is being used to make an "effective contribution to military action"; examples provided by Israel in its 2006 Rules of Warfare manual where a protected civilian structure loses its status include an anti-aircraft battery on the roof of a school, or a sniper in a mosque.[77] According to the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), this rule "has few exceptions".[78][79] The exceptions include "carrying or using of individual light weapon in self-defense or defense of wounded and sick; armed guarding of a medical facility; or the presence in a medical facility of sick or wounded combatants no longer taking part in hostilities", which do not negate protected status as a medical facility.[78][80][81]

According to Israel and the United States, conclusive evidence exists that Hamas used the building for military purposes; Hamas denies this.[26][25] According to the ICRC, if there is doubt about whether a hospital is being used for military purposes, it should be presumed not to be being used militarily.[78][79]

It does not negate protected status if a hospital has "small arms and ammunition taken from the wounded and sick and not yet handed to the proper service", and there is also a narrow exception for the use of small firearms by medical facilities in war zones if "they use the arms in their own defence, or in that of the wounded and sick in their charge".[81][78]

Even if there is strong evidence of military activity at the hospital that substantially exceeds these exemptions, strict rules that limit how force can be used still apply; civilians must be given the chance to evacuate, and civilians who remain in the building are still protected and cannot be targeted directly.[79] Prior to the raid, Israel called for the evacuation of the hospital, but on 13 November doctors refused to do so, saying that they had to remain in order to tend to over 700 at risk patients. According to Hamas, civilians were unable to evacuate due to sniper fire and drone attacks.[82][83][84]

Initial clashes and siege

 
Map released by Israel alleging military use of the al-Shifa hospital compound

On 3 November, an Israeli airstrike targeted an ambulance convoy leaving the hospital. The attack killed 15 and wounded 60. Israel stated that Hamas was using the ambulances.[66][85] Neither the Washington Post nor the Human Rights Watch found anything to evidence the Israeli statements.[86][87] The Palestine Red Crescent Society (PRCS) stated that Israel had targeted Al-Shifa ambulances 7 times prior and had killed 4 of their personnel.[88] On 6 November, Israeli forces struck and destroyed the solar panels atop the hospital, leaving it fully reliant on back-up generators powered by rapidly dwindling fuel supplies.[89]

On 10 November, at least four strikes hit various areas of the hospital with various projectiles.[90][61] Israel stated that at least one projectile was a misfired militant rocket, but did not elaborate further.[91] The Gaza Health Ministry (GHM) stated that there were at least 5 strikes damaging parts of the hospital complex,- two, at 2 and 8 am., hitting the maternity ward located on the upper floors,-[failed verification][90] stating that 14 people had been killed.[92] Later a Palestinian doctor stated that 7 people had died following the strikes.[90] On the same day, it was reported that Israeli forces were at the gates of the hospital.[76] According to a follow-up investigation commissioned by the New York Times from experts who examined videos and remnants of the munitions, three of the projectiles fired at the hospital were Israeli.[90]

On 11 November, the GHM stated that an evacuation was underway, that 50,000–60,000 people were sheltering in the hospital before, and that fewer than 3,000 people remained.[93] Later that day, the PRCS stated that Israeli tanks were 20 meters away from the hospital. Doctors Without Borders (DWB) and the World Health Organization (WHO) stated that Israeli troops were shooting at those trying to exit the hospital,[94][95] which Israel denied. Israel stated that they were letting people leave the hospital, which DWB denied.[96] By this time, Al-Shifa ran out of fuel and had suspended some operations. As a result, 2 babies in incubators and two other patients died.[97] The hospital director said that the hospital had electricity until the morning of 12 November, meaning that 37 babies in incubators are at risk of dying.[98]

In a series of comments with Al Jazeera, Muhammad Abu Salmiya, the director of the hospital, said that the hospital was cut off from the rest of the city, trapping a reported 15,000 people inside. He also added that "patients were dying by the minute, victims and wounded were also dying, even babies in incubators."[99]

The Israeli military denied it had placed the Al-Shifa hospital under siege, stating that there wasn't any shooting or siege, and that the east side remained open.[100] On the same day, the WHO reported that it had lost contact with the hospital.[94] The hospital director said that premature babies were in a 'precarious situation' and that they were transferred to an 'unhealthy location'. At this time, power was completely cut off in the hospital.[101] Minister of Health Mai Al-Kalia stated that over 100 bodies were in the courtyard and that the medical teams were unable to make a mass grave in the courtyard due to the 'seriousness of the field situation.' She also added that 39 babies were at risk of death and that one baby died that morning due to lack of fuel.[28] Stray dogs had also begun to "snap" and eat the corpses.[28][102] Doctors in Al-Shifa Hospital reported snipers at the outskirts of the complex were firing at "any moving person".[103]

Hamas officials had reported to Agence France-Presse that the cardiac ward was struck by Israeli air strikes, which was confirmed by witnesses but not by AFP.[104]

On 12 November, Israel attempted to provide 300 litres of fuel to the hospital, which they say was blocked by Hamas.[105][106] In response, a spokesperson for the health ministry stated that Al-Shifa needed 8000-12000 litres of fuel to run for a day, and that 300 litres would keep the hospital running for half an hour.[107] Additionally, hospital staff noted there was no way to receive this fuel, as no ambulances were arriving at Al-Shifa and risk getting caught in crossfire, urging that the only way to safely access the fuel was with a pause in fighting.[107]

On 13 November, about 50 people tried to evacuate from the hospital, but they said that Israeli forces fired at them, wounding one man.[108]

On 14 November, a Gaza health official said that medical staff had buried 179 dead patients in a mass grave in the hospital's courtyard as the bodies had begun to decompose after the hospital's mortuary lost electricity.[30][31] A witness reported "wild dogs" had been eating the unburied dead bodies.[109]

15 November raid

Just after midnight on 15 November, Israeli forces informed officials that they would shortly be raiding the hospital. Hospital staff reported sounds of clashes from outside the grounds, and Israel reported killing several Hamas militants outside of the grounds.[110][111]

Following the raid, Israel stated that they had delivered supplies to the hospital, including battery-powered incubators,[112] medical supplies and baby food. Reuters verified that a photo of boxes labelled as medical supplies and baby food was taken inside the hospital. Israel also reported finding weapons and other "terror infrastructure" within the hospital; "concrete evidence", they said, of Hamas using the hospital as a "terror headquarter".[113][114][115][116] According to the BBC, an Israeli official said that Israel had found weapons and terror infrastructure but did not immediately provide evidence.[117]

According to a journalist inside the hospital, Israel was interrogating people within the hospital on Wednesday morning, including doctors and patients. According to a witness, Israeli forces fired a smoke bomb into the hospital that "caused people to suffocate", while a spokesperson for the Gaza Health Ministry said "The occupation army is now in the basement and searching the basement. They are inside the complex, shooting and carrying out bombings."[110] Munir al-Bursh, the general director of Gaza hospitals, told Al Jazeera, "Patients, women and children are terrified."[118]

16 and 17 November

Netanyahu stated in an interview with CBS that the Israeli government had "strong indications" that hostages were in al-Shifa, which was one of the reasons they entered the hospital, adding that "I think the less I say about it, the better."[119] On 16 November, the IDF reported that the body of Yehudit Weiss, a 65-year old woman who was captured from Be'eri kibbutz, had been located in a structure nearby to the hospital.[120][121] On 17 November, the IDF had discovered the body of 19-year-old Cpl Noa Marciano in a building next to the hospital.[122]

Evacuation

On 19 November, the World Health Organization evacuated 31 premature babies while more than 250 critically ill or wounded patients remain trapped at the hospital.[123] Doctors Without Borders said Israeli forces had on 18 November fired "deliberately" on a clearly marked convoy carrying 140 of the organization's employees and family members. More than 2,500 people were also evacuated.[124]

Alleged military use

See also: Use of human shields by Hamas and Alleged military use of al-Shifa hospital

There have been allegations that Hamas has been using the Al-Shifa Hospital for military purposes. Izzat al-Risheq, a Hamas official, denied allegations that the group was using Shifa Hospital as a shield for its underground military structures, saying there was no truth to the statements.[125][126]

On 14 November 2023, the U.S. National Security Council spokesperson, John Kirby, said that the United States had its own intelligence sources indicating that Al Shifa hospital was being used by Hamas to run military operations and store weapons, which constitutes a war crime.[26] The intelligence included communication intercepts of Hamas fighters inside the hospital complex.[127]

Al-Shifa staff had appealed to the international community to send international delegations to the hospital to see that no military actions were taking place in the hospital.[27][128][129]

IDF release of photos

The IDF released photos showing "Military uniforms, 11 guns, three military vests, one with a Hamas logo, nine grenades, two Qurans, a string of prayer beads, a box of dates" that they said was found in the hospital. Former US State Department legal advisor Brian Finucane said "These arms by themselves hardly seem to justify the military fixation on al-Shifa, even setting the law aside".[71]

Following the release of the Israeli photos, Al Jazeera senior political analyst Marwan Bishara was skeptical, since Hamas left the guns and nothing else.[130] Bishara added that Israel doesn't have any evidence that justifies "the genocide that they've carried out against Gaza and the bombings of the hospitals and other facilities and for the collective punishments."[130]

Mouin Rabbani, a Middle East analyst, stated to Al Jazeera, "Israeli forces have invaded Shifa Hospital and been inside it for 12 full hours – having refused any independent party to accompany them – and now we're supposed to believe that there were Hamas militants in there being pursued by the Israeli military but they somehow left their weapons behind?"[131]

Israeli forces continued to search the facility for a second day, unearthing what they described as a tunnel entrance on the perimeter of the hospital complex. New York Times journalists visited the site and verified that a concrete shaft descending into the earth existed, and that electrical wiring and a ladder was visible, although they were not able to determine how deep the shaft was or where it led.[132] Investigative journalist Jeremy Scahill stated that the "Israelis have a multidecade track record of lying, of promoting false information, releasing doctored videos". He then stated regarding the evidence that he had seen more guns in the homes of Americans than in this purported Hamas Pentagon under al-Shifa Hospital.[133]

Jeremy Bowen, BBC News' international editor, noted that there is no independent scrutiny inside the hospital, since journalists are working under the supervision of the Israeli military.[134] He also stated that the evidence that was produced wasn't convincing enough to prove that "this was a nerve centre for the Hamas operation".[134] On 17 November 2023, journalists for The Independent stated that "Israel has not presented evidence that shows a large-scale headquarters under the hospital".[135]

IDF release of tunnel shaft footage

On 19 November the IDF released footage down the tunnel shaft of what it stated to be a Hamas tunnel network. The footage showed a tunnel shaft, which contains a winding staircase approximately three meters deep and it continues for seven meters down until it reaches part of a tunnel network. The tunnel continues for five meters before turning right and continuing for another 50 meters. At the end, there is a blast door and what the IDF says is a gunhole.[136][dubious – discuss][better source needed] Mounir El Barsh, the Gaza health ministry director, stated the Israeli tunnel statement was a "pure lie" and that the IDF had already been on the al-Shifa complex for eight days.[137] Later that day, the IDF also published surveillance footage taken by the hospital's cameras, showing a group of men forcibly bringing two hostages into the hospital. The hostages were identified as two foreign hostages captured during the 7 October attack. Hamas didn't respond, but in the past they stated that they have taken hostages to hospitals for treatment.[138][139][140]

On the same day, CNN visited the tunnel shaft and confirmed that a tunnel existed near the hospital, describing a substantial shaft descending 10 metres into earth that included a central column that looked like a hub for a spiral staircase; according to a video shown by the IDF, deeper in the shaft such a spiral staircase did exist. Both Hamas and health officials had denied that a tunnel network existed beneath the hospital.[141] After inspecting the tunnel network, Haaretz reported that "The question of whether Al-Shifa's managers knew about the tunnels, the munitions and the military headquarters is answered the moment you go down into the tunnel with the IDF – one stretch is 170 meters long. There is no way the hospital administrators didn't know what was happening…The tunnels lead to well-lit, air-conditioned rooms that contain tables and beds. It's not clear if these rooms were prepared to receive hostages, but there is no doubt they were used by Hamas company, battalion and brigade commanders, and that fighting was directed from there in recent rounds, if not in the current war as well."[142]

On 20 November, former Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Barak, referring to Israeli built bunkers from decades ago, told CNN "It's already [been] known for many years that they [Hamas] have the bunkers that originally [were] built by Israeli constructors underneath Shifa [which] were used as a command post of Hamas. And, a kind of junction of several tunnels are part of this system."[143] According to Israeli officials, Hamas subsequently dug out the original basement, later adding new floors and connecting it as a hub within their existing tunnel system. A France24 investigation concluded that the images and videos of the tunnels published by the IDF were consistent with Hamas built tunnels. They also note that the tunnels were found under the Qatari building, which was built after Israel withdrew from Gaza.[144]

The Washington Post analyzed the publicly released material by Israel, along with satellite imagery and other publicly available material, and concluded that the rooms that were connected to a tunnel network did not show any immediate evidence of being used by Hamas, and that each of the buildings that the IDF spokesman Daniel Hagari had identified as being "directly involved" in Hamas's military activity did not appear to be connected to any tunnel network, and that there had been no evidence released that showed that a tunnel network could be accessed from within the hospital's wards.[41] The France 24 Observer analysis team was "unable to verify Israeli claims that the passage leads to a larger network of tunnels."[145]

Impact and casualties

The situation at al-Shifa Hospital is part of a serious healthcare crisis in Gaza. The hospital is rapidly running out of electricity, food and medical supplies. The last generator ran out of fuel, killing three premature babies and four other patients.[146][unreliable source?] By 19 November, the hospital had no antibiotics or painkillers to treat its patients.[147]

By 12 November, two critically ill patients in the ICU had died because of a lack of electricity and oxygen.[148]

According to a doctor at the hospital quoted in a 15 November BBC article, six premature infants had died, as had a critically ill adult burn victim. The doctor attributes these deaths to a lack of fuel for incubators, oxygen, and other essential medical equipment.[149] Another doctor at the hospital, Ahmed Mokhallalati, said that 43 of the hospital's 63 intensive care patients had died because the intensive care unit ran out of oxygen.[150]

The blockade has resulted in a humanitarian disaster, with numerous Palestinians seeking refuge in medical facilities.[151] The toll on civilians, particularly children, has been extensive, with almost half of Gaza's hospitals shutting down due to acute fuel scarcity. The hospital has had to provide makeshift housing, and the absence of clean water and sanitation services is exacerbating the transmission of infectious diseases.

Amidst the siege, Hamas suspended hostage negotiations due to Israel's takeover of al-Shifa Hospital and heavy fire as Israeli forces approached the facility.[152]

Gaza officials said an airstrike destroyed the hospital's cardiac ward, while a power cut shut down the neonatal unit's incubators where around 40 children were hosted and ventilators for others receiving urgent care.[148]

On 19 November, the 31 remaining premature babies receiving care at al-Shifa Hospital were transferred to Emirati Hospital in Rafah, escorted by the Palestinian Red Crescent and other health organizations. 28 of the babies were evacuated to Egypt on 20 November.[153][154][155]

Israeli media campaign

Further information: Hasbara

Before and after the siege, the Israeli government engaged in a public relations campaign aimed at justifying its siege and takeover of the hospital. On 11 November, the Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs tweeted a video purportedly of a nurse at al-Shifa who backs up Israeli statements regarding Hamas usage of the hospital. The Nation described the campaign as propaganda, and stated that the video was widely mocked, with many Arabs questioning its authenticity, and the ministry deleting the tweet in a day.[156] The Daily Beast, remarking on the video, said "Everything about it smacked of high school theater—from the botched accent that sounded like it was straight out of an Israeli soap opera to the perfectly scripted IDF talking points rolling off her tongue."[157] France 24 found the video to likely be staged.[158] Subsequently, France 24, citing three experts, Michael Milshtein of Tel-Aviv University, Scott Savitz, an Engineer, and Daphne Richmond-Barak of Reichman University in Israel, found the Israeli-released footage of tunnels beneath Shifa hospital "do indicate that these tunnels have all the characteristics of tunnels that belong to the Hamas terrorist group."[159]

Some experts have said that questionable evidence such as stating that an Arabic calendar was a Hamas shift schedule, and displaying curtains as evidence that hostage videos were filmed has weakened Israel's credibility, with H. A. Hellyer stating “The irony is they might find something and nobody is going to believe them, at this point their credibility is shot." Adding "We don’t take seriously what a terror group says, but we do take seriously what an army says, especially one that’s an ally of ours,” he said. “So we naturally hold it to a higher standard.”[160] Muhammad Shehada, Euro-Mediterranean Human Rights Monitor Chief of Programmes and Communications, said of the requirements that Israel imposed on media outlets on their supervised tours of al-Shifa that the outlets have essentially agreed to broadcast propaganda, saying of the outlets "You are not allowed to speak to any Palestinian or Gazan to challenge what the IDF is spoon-feeding you. You are not allowed to go beyond the tour that the IDF has staged, so you stick to what the IDF wants to show you and where they take you. And you have to review the material with them before you publish, so that the result of that is not journalism. It’s propaganda."[161]

The New Arab, describing the ongoing propaganda campaign and how it has backfired with people questioning Israel's credibility, wrote that Israel had "resorted to fake audio, baseless claims and doctored imagery to whitewash its attack in Gaza." They discussed how the failure of the incubators in the Neonatal intensive care unit of al-Shifa caused by the denial of fuel deliveries by Israel and the cutting of electricity was responsible for the deaths of three prematurely born babies. Israel, while it had caused the fuel shortage and failure of the existing incubators, made a show of delivering new incubators to the hospital. However, the issue was not with the incubators, it was with the lack of fuel, an issue that was not addressed.[162]

CNN reported on 20 November that video footage "suggests weaponry at Al-Shifa may have been rearranged", citing a 15 November video by the IDF showing only one AK-47 gun behind an MRI machine in the hospital, compared to later videos by Fox News and BBC showing two AK-47 guns at the same place; the IDF responded that the difference was because "more weaponry and terrorist assets were discovered throughout the day ... Suggestions that the IDF is manipulating the media are incorrect".[163] The BBC also concluded that the number of guns behind that MRI machine had doubled in the separate videos, and additionally found that the IDF's video was edited, despite the IDF's claim that it was unedited.[24]

Following Israel's release of video evidence on 22 November, the Associated Press, the New York Times, the Wall Street Journal, the Guardian, Sky News and Amnesty International all concluded that this did not constitute sufficient evidence to demonstrate the use by Hamas of a command center.[164][165][166][167][168][169][170] Haaretz reported that "Hamas tunnels passing through the heart of the compound" prove that Hamas did use the hospital for military purposes.[171]

March 2024 siege

18 March

On Monday 18 March 2024 at 2:30 a.m.,[172] Israeli forces began what they said was a "precise operation in the area of the Shifa hospital to thwart Hamas activity."[173] The Gaza Health Ministry said the Israeli raid was a "massacre against the sick, the wounded, the displaced, and the medical staff inside al-Shifa Hospital".[174] A survivor of the subsequent siege reported that hundreds of members of the non-military wings of Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ) who were employed in the hospital had gathered there inside to receive their salaries. He said they included members of Gaza's civil defense crews, police force, and internal security services. In a Mondoweiss report after the siege, the survivor stated, "There was a room in the specialized surgeries building that served as an office for the [Hamas] government branches that operated aboveground” and “another building that was an office for the [PIJ] movement, and the men employed by the movement would go there to collect their salaries.”[175]

The 18 March reports indicated the presence of tanks at the facility, and witnesses said there were substantial exchanges of fire around the area.[54] Financial Times reported “gun battles” around the facility where thousands of people were sheltering as Israeli forces aimed to prevent Hamas fighters from regrouping in Gaza’s north.[173] The Health Ministry stated 30,000 displaced people were sheltering inside the hospital at the start of the raid and that anyone "who tries to move is targeted by sniper bullets and quadcopter".[176][177] Footage from Sky News showed people around the hospital in distress following the raid.[178]

Initially, IDF spokesman Daniel Hagari stated patients were under "no obligation" to evacuate.[179] Later, Israel dropped leaflets ordering the hospital to evacuate.[180][181] At the start of the raid, Wadea Abu Alsoud, a Palestinian journalist on the scene, stated the situation was "catastrophic" as the hospital came under heavy Israeli gunfire.[182] Al Jazeera Arabic journalists stated Israeli forces opened fire in the hospital.[183] Israeli military stated they were fired upon entering the compound and released drone footage it said showed its troops being fired at. A fire broke out in one of the buildings.[184] Within minutes of their arrival, an IDF representative stated "they have conquered al-Shifa and everyone is under arrest."[185]

Ismail al-Ghoul, an Al-Jazeera journalist at Al-Shifa during the raid, stated journalists were stripped naked, forced to lie on their stomachs, blindfolded, and interrogated after twelve hours.[186] Witnesses reported journalists were beaten before being taken to an undisclosed location.[187] Video from Israel's raid showed Israeli forces operating an armored bulldozer in the vicinity of the hospital, and the hospital's courtyard was bulldozed.[188][189]

The raid caused the forced displacement of families from Rimal toward the central Gaza Strip.[190] Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus stated the World Health Organization was "terribly worried" about the raid and stated "hospitals should never be battlegrounds".[191] Israeli airstrikes around the hospital left residents searching for survivors with their bare hands, with a young boy stating to journalists, "For God's sake, I have nowhere to go… all my family were killed".[192]

The IDF said that during the operation Faiq al-Mabhouh, “head of the operations directorate of Hamas' internal security service”, was among those killed. Hamas’ media office said Faiq al-Mabhouh was leading the coordination deliveries to northern Gaza with the UN and local clans.[54] Two Israeli soldiers were also killed during the operation, and Daniel Hagari stated the Israeli forces had arrested 200 people during the 18 March raid.[193][194]

19 March

The New York Times reported that the 18 March operation set off a battle, with both Hamas and Israel reporting casualties. The operation drew condemnation from Gaza's health officials and questions about Israeli's state of control over north Gaza.[195] The Associated Press reported heavy fighting around the hospital between Hamas fighters and Israeli troops in nearby districts, with explosions shaking the hospital and the surrounding neighborhoods.[196]

20 March

The raid was still continuing by 20 March, with Israeli forces encircled around the facility, preventing people from evacuating.[197] The official Israeli and Palestinian narratives on 20 March differed drastically. The Israeli military stated that it had killed 90 gunmen. The Gaza Media Office stated all of the people Israel killed were wounded patients and displaced people, and that thirteen patients had died due a lack of medicine, oxygen, and food.[198][199] Reuters stated they were unable to verify either account.[198]

The bodies of people killed while attempting to flee the hospital remained on the street as gunfire continued.[200] Extensive searches by Israeli troops were conducted in and around the hospital.[201] Al Jazeera journalist Mahmoud Eliwa was arrested by Israeli soldiers at the hospital.[202] According to Mads Gilbert, medical staff were detained, kept in the cold for hours, subjected to "humiliating investigations", and one doctor was shot in the chest while attempting to comply with Israeli forces' orders.[203] A displaced person at the hospital stated, "The soldiers fired at the building where we are. They asked us to take off our clothes and go down to the hospital yard".[204] CNN reported that witnesses saw Palestinian journalists and health workers blindfolded, handcuffed and stripped down to their underwear.[205] The World Health Organization head stated, "Accessing al-Shifa is now impossible and there are reports of medical staff being detained".[185] Ambulances were prevented from reaching the hospital.[206]

The Gaza Civil Defense stated they were unable to reach wounded patients.[207] Survivors of the raid stated they were stripped naked, detained for hours, and shot at despite carrying white flags.[208] Footage of four-year-old Saja Junaid went viral, showing the severely burned girl forced to flee the hospital to Deir el-Balah, with journalists stating she hadn't eaten in three days.[209]

21 March

Al-Shifa's head of surgery stated that after being stripped, doctors had their faces scanned by the Israeli army and then were taken in one at a time for a "humiliating investigation".[205] A man living near the hospital stated, "We are hearing the constant sounds of clashes, gunshots, shelling, bombing, quadcopters and planes all day and all night."[210] The IDF said it evacuated 220 patients and emergency room equipment to another building, that "terrorists" had blocked themselves off near the emergency room, and that there was fighting.[211]

Hani Mahmoud, a journalist on the ground, stated, "The Israeli military is now ordering everyone inside the hospital, including medical staff and patients, to evacuate immediately. Otherwise, the entire facility will be blown up."[212][213] Local media reported that Israeli forces had blown up a specialist care building in the medical complex.[214] Israel stated they had made 600 arrests, including dozens of top Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad commanders.[215]

22 March

Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, the head of the World Health Organization, stated the situation at Al-Shifa was "utterly inhumane" with nearly 200 staff and patients kept in a building with limited access to food and water, and critically wounded patients lying on the floor.[216] The Committee to Protect Journalists stated it was "gravely concerned" about journalists arrested by Israel and stated the IDF "need to be fully transparent about journalists who have been detained and refrain from any attempts to block the work of journalists at al-Shifa Hospital and all of Gaza".[217][218]

The Israeli army ordered the surrender of all people remaining in the besieged hospital.[219] Verified footage showed Israeli bulldozers "wreaking havoc" on the hospital complex. Al Jazeera reported that "intense battles" had been "ongoing for days" in and around the hospital.[220] The Gaza Health Ministry stated that Israel had bombed several hospital buildings and burned down its vascular department.[221] After an elderly patient told the Agence France-Presse that he witnessed Israeli soldiers "beat all the young men and arrested them", the IDF stated it would "identify unusual cases that deviate from what is expected of IDF (army) soldiers".[222]

23 March

On 23 March, Hamas and the Palestinian Islamic Jihad said they were engaged in battles with the IDF outside of Al-Shifa Hospital and in the surrounding area. Hamas denied any presence inside the hospital. Reuters reported Israeli troops still searching the complex, with Israeli military saying that the hospital is linked to a network of tunnels used as a Palestinian militant base.[223] As of 23 March, Israel stated they killed over 170 gunmen inside the hospital grounds. Hamas said that all those killed were either patients or displaced individuals.[224] The Gaza Health Ministry stated that five wounded patients were trapped in the hospital and had gone six days without water, food, or medicine.[225]

24 March

The IDF stated it had killed 170 people and arrested more than 800 in total.[226] The IDF said that intelligence forces had started interrogation of some of the detainees and that those not found to have militant group affiliations were released.[227] Doctors Without Borders staff stated that "heavy air strikes by Israeli forces and fierce fighting" were "endangering patients, medical staff and people trapped inside".[228] Gaza’s government media office stated five medical staff were killed by Israeli soldiers.[229]

25 March

Jameel al-Ayoubi, a displaced person sheltering at the hospital, told the Associated Press he had seen Israeli tanks drive over the bodies of four people killed in the raid.[230] IDF Spokesman Daniel Hagari stated that Hamas had fired mortars from Shifa's emergency room and maternity ward, as well as thrown explosives from the burn ward.[231]

26 March

The Gaza Health Ministry stated that people in the hospital's Human Resources Department had been arrested.[232]

27 March

A resident living 1 km from the hospital stated, "Explosions never stop, we see lines of smoke coming from inside, no one moves even in streets that are hundreds of metres away because of Israeli snipers on rooftops of buildings."[233] Verified footage showed a family evacuated from near al-Shifa stating, "We raised the white flag as the tank was next to our house and they started shelling at us".[234] Moath al-Kahlout, a journalist in northern Gaza, stated, "Patients and medical staff are stuck in a small room inside the human resources development building, which is not at all equipped to provide medical care."[235]

28 March

The Gaza media office stated that preliminary information suggested Israeli forces had killed 200 displaced people inside the hospital.[236] The Gaza Civil Defence stated 65 of its staff had been killed in the vicinity of al-Shifa.[237] Hani Mahmoud, a journalist in Gaza, stated, "An entire residential neighbourhood near the hospital... has been destroyed, rendered beyond recognition."[238] Local media reported that journalist Muhammad Abu Sakhil was killed by Israeli forces in al-Shifa.[239]

30 March

Gaza's media office stated 400 people had been killed by Israeli forces during the raids, calling the attack a war crime.[240] The World Health Organization stated it needed to postpone a joint mission to al-Shifa, after Israel denied three previous missions to the hospital.[241] Gaza’s health ministry stated Israel was preventing patient evacuations.[242]

31 March

The World Health Organization stated 21 patients had died since the start of Israel's raid.[243] The IDF said that it had found weapons hidden in patients' pillows and beds in Al-Shifa’s maternity ward, as well as in the hospital’s ceilings and walls.[244][245][246]

1 April

Israeli forces withdrew from the hospital, leaving it with blown out windows and blackened concrete walls.[247] Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades said it had targeted Israel's forces with artillery during the Israeli military operation and withdrawal.[248] An Israeli official said that militants did not come in through tunnels, which had been mostly destroyed in 2023, but had traveled in with civilians, collecting guns that were concealed around the hospital or from private homes.[172]

Aftermath

On 2 April 2024, a World Health Organization spokesman stated that they had contact with Al-Shifa’s staff and that, "The directors told us that Al Shifa Hospital is gone. It's no longer able to function in any shape or form as a hospital".[249] On 3 April, an UNOCHA flash update cited WHO, stating, "Al Shifa Hospital is now in ruins and no longer able to function as a hospital".[250] On 5 April 2024, a WHO-led mission visited Al-Shifa to perform an initial evaluation of the extent of destruction and to determine needs to guide efforts to restore the facility in the future. The team found most of the buildings largely damaged or destroyed and most of the equipment unusable or burned to ashes. They found explosives and fire had significantly damaged the emergency department, surgical, and maternity ward buildings. The mission said that the destruction had left the facility non-functional; short-term restoration of minimal functionality seemed implausible and would require efforts to evaluate and clear the grounds for unexploded military devices.[251]

On 6 April 2024, a report by NPR found: "Bodies lay decomposing in the hospital's dirt courtyard, which was laden with unexploded ordnance. Other people were shot and left to die in its hallways, maimed and crushed by tanks outside its gates, decomposing on side streets and in buildings.” NPR stated there was “no clarity” on how many of the dead were civilians or fighters.[252] Doctors Without Borders stated, "Gaza’s largest hospital is now out of service. Given the extent of the destruction, people in the north are left with even fewer healthcare options."[253] According to Wafa, hundreds of dead civilians were found at al-Shifa.[254] A nurse at the hospital stated, "The smell of corpses filled the place. What happened to us is indescribable."[255] Mondoweiss reported that "the Israeli army shot patients in their beds" as well as doctors and "hundreds of civil government employees".[256]

Moath al-Kahlout, an official of Gaza’s Civil Defence, stated that buildings and medical machines had been "totally destroyed".[257] Al Jazeera Arabic reported, "Buildings in all departments have been burned, and the structure of the complex has been damaged from the inside".[258] The hospital director stated, "All the buildings of al-Shifa medical complex were completely destroyed and burned. Al-Shifa medical complex is gone forever."[259] On 9 April, Gaza Civil Defense spokesperson Mahmoud Basal said that least 381 bodies were recovered within and around the complex since April 1, excluding people buried in the hospital grounds. Mass graves were also found around the hospital.[57] On 15 April, medical crews stated that they had recovered 15 bodies from around the hospital. Israeli forces said that "approximately 500 suspects affiliated with terrorist organizations were apprehended and 200 terrorists were eliminated."[260]

False Rape allegations

On 24 March, Al Jazeera released what were later revealed to be false rape allegations. Al Jazeera reported a story on its liveblog entitled, "Israel forces raped, killed women during raid on al-Shifa, witness says." Al Jazeera's update used statements of a witness, Jamila al-Hissi, who stated that "They raped women, kidnapped women, executed women, and pulled dead bodies from under the rubble to unleash their dogs on them.” Al Jazeera reported that al-Hissi described the situation as a "war zone" and had been trapped in a building near the hospital.[261] Al-Hissi‘s statement was also reported by Middle East Eye,[262] Morocco World News[263] and The New Arab.[264]

Iran's Foreign Ministry Spokesman, Nasser Kanaani, called for a fact-finding mission on sexual violence at Al-Shifa.[261]

On 25 March, Al Jazeera took down its video of Jamila al-Hissi’s statements but kept its written article posted. Former managing director of Al Jazeera, Yasser Abu Hilalah, wrote on X, “Hamas investigations revealed that the story of the rape of women in Shifa Hospital was fabricated.” Abu Hilalah reported that al-Hissi “justified her exaggeration and incorrect talk by saying that the goal was to arouse the nation’s fervor and brotherhood.”[265]

Execution allegations

Al Jazeera and Euro-Mediterranean Human Rights Monitor, a Geneva-based human rights organization, stated that Israel's raid had "resulted in the deaths of over 200 Palestinians, including civilians. Many were deliberately killed or executed extrajudicially after arrest".[266] Al Jazeera English reported witnesses describing "executions" at Al Shifa.[267][268] The Euro-Med Monitor stated that at least thirteen children had been killed in the area near the hospital or while attempting to flee the area with their families.[269] The organization stated that Israeli forces had shot and executed them.[270] White House spokeswoman Karine Jean-Pierre stated the U.S. had not verified footage of executions around Al-Shifa but said, "It is deeply concerning if it’s true. We are reaching out to Israel’s government to get more information".[271] The Palestinian Red Crescent Society reported departments at the hospital being set on fire, and stated, "According to eyewitness accounts and official reports, many of the civilians were executed. They were killed by the Israeli occupation forces including medical staff, doctors and nurses, they were purposefully executed by the Israeli soldiers".[272]

Statements

Israel stated its operation was to clear Al-Shifa hospital of militants operating there.[273]

The Gaza Media Office said the raid constituted a war crime.[274] The Euro-Mediterranean Human Rights Monitor stated it had collected witness testimonies that young men were being used as human shields by the Israeli army.[275] Al Jazeera English stated that there were reports that Israel had committed "heinous" war crimes during the siege.[276]

Hamas denied operations from Al-Shifa. Hamas’ military wing said it had fought with IDF forces around the hospital and released footage of fighting. Palestinian Islamic Jihad also published footage of its fighters engaged in battles with Israeli forces near the hospital. Witnesses inside and near the hospital denied seeing militants.[172]

Reactions

Government

China has described the struggling hospital as a manifestation of the humanitarian crisis in Gaza. The Palestinian Minister of Health, Mai al-Kaila, described Israeli actions as a "crime against humanity."[277] Israel disputes this, stating that it does all it can to protect civilian life, and that it is Hamas that puts civilians in harms way by blocking their evacuation from combat zones.[278] US President Joe Biden stated Gaza's hospitals "must be protected."[279] Biden accused Hamas of committing a war crime by allegedly having its headquarters under al-Shifa Hospital, with The Nation noting that Biden appeared "unfazed by the flimsiness" of Israel's "ludicruous propaganda".[280]

Prime Minister of Canada Justin Trudeau stated, "Even wars have rules... I urge the government of Israel to exercise maximum restraint... The world is witnessing this, the killing of women and children, of babies. This has to stop."[281] Ayman Safadi, the Jordanian Minister of Foreign Affairs, condemned the attack, stating, it was a "violation of international humanitarian law, especially the 1949 Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War."[282] Qatari foreign minister, Mohammed bin Abdulrahman bin Jassim Al Thani, stated the siege was a "war crime and a blatant violation of international laws."[283] The Saudi Arabian foreign ministry stated it "strongly condemns the Israeli occupation forces' storming of al-Shifa Hospital in Gaza."[284]

Academics

H. A. Hellyer, a fellow at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, stated a huge trust deficit remained regarding Israeli intelligence, and that Israeli statements should not be taken at "face value."[285] Sultan Barakat, a professor at Hamad Bin Khalifa University in Qatar, stated US and Israeli information on Gaza was not reliable.[286] Osamah Khalil, a professor at Syracuse University in New York, deemed it improbable that Hamas would have a base at Al-Shifa, as the hospital was one of the busiest places in Gaza.[287]

Media

Antony Loewenstein noted Israel has a long history of "deliberately targeting medical facilities in the West Bank, East Jerusalem and Gaza," and that IDF statements about military facilities needed to be "treated with deep scepticism."[288] Palestinian analyst Thabet Al-Amour stated, "This is madness, absolute madness… It's a hospital."[289] Al Jazeera journalist Hamdah Salhut stated Israel had not shown "solid proof, or evidence" to back up their statements.[290] Major-General Giora Eiland, former head of the Israeli National Security Council, stated that targeting the hospital was tactical,- aiming to control the narrative about Hamas rather than serving a strategic purpose.[291] An analysis by The Washington Post found Israel's evidence "falls short" of proving the hospital was a command-and-control centre.[292]

Organizations

The World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed that Al-Shifa Hospital is without electricity, putting patients, including children, at risk of death. WHO director-general Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said on social media that al-Shifa had been without water for three days and was "no longer functioning as a hospital".[293] Doctors Without Borders reported that an ambulance and the patients inside were attacked near the hospital.[294] A spokesman for the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement stated, "I cannot even imagine … the panic among the patients, the panic among doctors and nurses. What they're [going] through is really something that is unbelievable."[295]

A group of Israeli doctors, known as Doctors for the Rights of Israeli Soldiers, has signed a statement advocating the bombing of Al-Shifa hospital.[296][297] The statement was publicly signed by dozens of Israeli doctors and was widely shared on various social media platforms.[296] The doctors stated that it was Israel's "legitimate right" to bomb al-Shifa hospital because it served as a base for "Palestinian armed groups".[298] Alice Rothchild, the director of Jewish Voice for Peace, stated noted Israel's lack of hard evidence of military operations at al-Shifa, stating, "Israeli sources have a long history of not being very accurate."[299]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b Hamas and the hospital workers have denied any armed presence at the hospital.[1]

References

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External links

April 29, 2024
shifa, hospital, siege, this, article, multiple, issues, please, help, improve, discuss, these, issues, talk, page, learn, when, remove, these, template, messages, neutrality, this, article, disputed, relevant, discussion, found, talk, page, please, remove, th. This article has multiple issues Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page Learn how and when to remove these template messages The neutrality of this article is disputed Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page Please do not remove this message until conditions to do so are met April 2024 Learn how and when to remove this template message This article s lead section may be too long Please read the length guidelines and help move details into the article s body April 2024 Learn how and when to remove this template message Al Shifa Hospital siege 3 4 Part of the siege of Gaza CityThe siege depicted on a mapDate11 24 November 2023 1 week and 6 days 5 18 March 2024 1 April 2024 2 weeks LocationAl Shifa Hospital Gaza City31 31 27 5 N 34 26 34 E 31 524306 N 34 44278 E 31 524306 34 44278ResultIDF raids the hospital on 15 November 6 7 Israel withdraws from Al Shifa on 24 November 8 Israel raids the hospital again on 18 March 2024Israel withdraws on 1 April after destroying most of the hospital 9 Belligerents Israel Hamas a Palestinian Islamic Jihad a Palestinian Civil Police Force Al Aqsa Martyrs Brigades 2 Commanders and leadersYaron Finkelman 10 Itzik Cohen 11 Raad Thabet 12 Per IDF Faiq al Mabhouh 13 Units involved Israel Defense Forces Israeli Ground Forces 14 36th Division 15 162nd Division Nahal Brigade 932nd Battalion 10 401st Brigade 98th Paratroopers Division Oz Brigade Duvdevan Unit Israeli Combat Engineering Corps 15 Yahalom Israeli Air Force 16 Shaldag Unit Israeli Navy 14 Shayetet 13 Shin Bet 14 Izz ad Din al Qassam BrigadesAl Quds BrigadesStrengthUnknown1 000 militants Per IDF 11 Casualties and losses2 killed Per IDF 17 200 militants killed 500 captured Per IDF 18 400 Palestinians killed per the Gaza Health Ministry 19 21 patients killed per WHO 20 409 bodies recovered by the Palestinian Civil Defence 21 Al Shifa Hospital the largest medical complex in Gaza was placed under siege by Israel in mid November 2023 during the Israel Hamas war after saying it had contained a Hamas command and control center beneath it The incident was followed by a second major raid by Israeli forces in March 2024 On 11 November the hospital was completely encircled cutting it off from the rest of Gaza City According to Gazan health officials the hospital contained 1 500 patients 1 500 medical workers and around 15 000 displaced people who were seeking shelter in the hospital 22 23 Both Israel and the United States have said that Hamas maintained command centers or command nodes below the hospital Both the hospital s administration and Hamas denied that 24 25 26 with the former asking the international community to send security experts to verify the Israeli allegations 27 There were over 100 dead bodies placed in the courtyard and later buried by medical staff in a mass grave due to the siege 28 29 30 31 On 15 November Israeli forces said they entered the hospital after killing militants outside and that they had discovered a Hamas command centre weaponry and tactical gear 32 After a media tour The Guardian and CNN reported that the Israeli army had rearranged or doubled weapons for the tour 24 33 and that an Israeli video showing the discoveries had been edited NBC News said that Israel released several pieces of inaccurate or disputed information which weakened Israel s credibility 34 Al Jazeera said that many experts accused Israel of fabricating evidence 35 On 22 November Israel published video showing multiple tunnels beneath the hospital 36 The Wall Street Journal and The Guardian reported that this fell short of the original command center claims 37 38 Israel published surveillance footage taken by the hospital s cameras appearing to show two hostages being taken into the hospital 39 The Guardian reported that Hamas had previously publicized taking hostages to receive medical treatment 40 On 21 December The Washington Post published analysis concluding that the hospital buildings in question were not actually connected to the tunnels 41 On 2 January 2024 the United States released newly declassified documents showing that its spy agencies continued to believe that the hospital had been used as a command and control centre 42 and the following day Israel announced that it had dismantled a tunnel beneath the hospital 43 News reports the next day said that that both Israeli and US statements are not considered as conclusive proof of Hamas use of al Shifa 44 45 The raid on the hospital and Israel s limited findings of military infrastructure led to international criticism 46 47 48 49 including by UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Volker Turk who called for an independent investigation 50 International law prohibits the targeting of hospitals unless used for a military purpose that is harmful to the enemy as well as the use of human shields for combatants both constitute war crimes 51 Jeremy Scahil accused Israel of waging a propaganda war to detract from accusations that its actions at al Shifa constitute violations of international law Medical staff at al Shifa have accused Israel of directly causing the deaths of civilians being treated at al Shifa including prematurely born babies 52 The head of the World Health Organization said hospitals are not battlegrounds and that Israel s action was totally unacceptable 53 On 18 March 2024 Israeli forces conducted an overnight raid on Al Shifa hospital following intel that senior Hamas officials had regrouped and were using the hospital to command attacks 54 55 After a two week siege that ended on 1 April 2024 the Al Shifa hospital was mostly destroyed 56 and hundreds of dead Palestinians were found in and around the hospital including in mass graves 57 Contents 1 Background 1 1 Legal status 2 Initial clashes and siege 2 1 15 November raid 2 2 16 and 17 November 2 3 Evacuation 3 Alleged military use 3 1 IDF release of photos 3 2 IDF release of tunnel shaft footage 4 Impact and casualties 4 1 Israeli media campaign 5 March 2024 siege 5 1 18 March 5 2 19 March 5 3 20 March 5 4 21 March 5 5 22 March 5 6 23 March 5 7 24 March 5 8 25 March 5 9 26 March 5 10 27 March 5 11 28 March 5 12 30 March 5 13 31 March 5 14 1 April 5 15 Aftermath 5 16 False Rape allegations 5 17 Execution allegations 5 18 Statements 6 Reactions 6 1 Government 6 2 Academics 6 3 Media 6 4 Organizations 7 See also 8 Notes 9 References 10 External linksBackgroundSince 2007 the Gaza Strip has been under blockade by Israel and Egypt 29 58 On 7 October 2023 Hamas attacked Israeli civilian communities and military bases killing around 1 200 Israelis the majority of whom were civilians and taking about 250 hostages into Gaza 59 60 Israel conducted a counterattack 29 Israel also imposed a total blockade on Gaza 61 62 invaded the Gaza Strip on 27 October 63 and surrounded Gaza City on 2 November 64 Al Shifa is the largest hospital in the Gaza Strip it was originally a British army barracks but was converted into a hospital in 1946 65 Hamas s presence in the hospital during the 2014 Gaza War is disputed Israel has stated that the hospital was a Hamas control and command centre 66 and The Washington Post reported it had become a de facto headquarters for Hamas leaders who can be seen in the hallways and offices 67 68 By contrast doctors Erik Fosse and Mads Gilbert who were working at the hospital stated that they did not see any evidence of military activity at the hospital during the war 69 70 Professor Sara Roy stated that military use of the hospital was highly improbable 70 Amnesty International reported in 2015 that Hamas had used abandoned areas of the hospital to detain interrogate torture and otherwise ill treat suspects while the hospital was operational 71 72 The Israeli military had ordered all civilians in the region to evacuate on 13 October 73 The IDF reported that Hamas was preventing the evacuation of civilians from the area and particularly from Al Shifa hospital with the IDF stating that Hamas was using civilians as human shields 74 The IDF again requested all civilians in Northern Gaza and specifically Al Shifa hospital to evacuate on 9 November 75 Thousands of displaced civilians were sheltering in the hospital at the time of the attacks on 11 November 76 Legal status nbsp Wounded child at al Shifa Hospital October 2023 Under the laws of war hospitals normally enjoy protected status making it forbidden to turn them into a conflict zone That status is lost if there is evidence that the hospital is being used to make an effective contribution to military action examples provided by Israel in its 2006 Rules of Warfare manual where a protected civilian structure loses its status include an anti aircraft battery on the roof of a school or a sniper in a mosque 77 According to the International Committee of the Red Cross ICRC this rule has few exceptions 78 79 The exceptions include carrying or using of individual light weapon in self defense or defense of wounded and sick armed guarding of a medical facility or the presence in a medical facility of sick or wounded combatants no longer taking part in hostilities which do not negate protected status as a medical facility 78 80 81 According to Israel and the United States conclusive evidence exists that Hamas used the building for military purposes Hamas denies this 26 25 According to the ICRC if there is doubt about whether a hospital is being used for military purposes it should be presumed not to be being used militarily 78 79 It does not negate protected status if a hospital has small arms and ammunition taken from the wounded and sick and not yet handed to the proper service and there is also a narrow exception for the use of small firearms by medical facilities in war zones if they use the arms in their own defence or in that of the wounded and sick in their charge 81 78 Even if there is strong evidence of military activity at the hospital that substantially exceeds these exemptions strict rules that limit how force can be used still apply civilians must be given the chance to evacuate and civilians who remain in the building are still protected and cannot be targeted directly 79 Prior to the raid Israel called for the evacuation of the hospital but on 13 November doctors refused to do so saying that they had to remain in order to tend to over 700 at risk patients According to Hamas civilians were unable to evacuate due to sniper fire and drone attacks 82 83 84 Initial clashes and siege nbsp Map released by Israel alleging military use of the al Shifa hospital compound On 3 November an Israeli airstrike targeted an ambulance convoy leaving the hospital The attack killed 15 and wounded 60 Israel stated that Hamas was using the ambulances 66 85 Neither the Washington Post nor the Human Rights Watch found anything to evidence the Israeli statements 86 87 The Palestine Red Crescent Society PRCS stated that Israel had targeted Al Shifa ambulances 7 times prior and had killed 4 of their personnel 88 On 6 November Israeli forces struck and destroyed the solar panels atop the hospital leaving it fully reliant on back up generators powered by rapidly dwindling fuel supplies 89 On 10 November at least four strikes hit various areas of the hospital with various projectiles 90 61 Israel stated that at least one projectile was a misfired militant rocket but did not elaborate further 91 The Gaza Health Ministry GHM stated that there were at least 5 strikes damaging parts of the hospital complex two at 2 and 8 am hitting the maternity ward located on the upper floors failed verification 90 stating that 14 people had been killed 92 Later a Palestinian doctor stated that 7 people had died following the strikes 90 On the same day it was reported that Israeli forces were at the gates of the hospital 76 According to a follow up investigation commissioned by the New York Times from experts who examined videos and remnants of the munitions three of the projectiles fired at the hospital were Israeli 90 On 11 November the GHM stated that an evacuation was underway that 50 000 60 000 people were sheltering in the hospital before and that fewer than 3 000 people remained 93 Later that day the PRCS stated that Israeli tanks were 20 meters away from the hospital Doctors Without Borders DWB and the World Health Organization WHO stated that Israeli troops were shooting at those trying to exit the hospital 94 95 which Israel denied Israel stated that they were letting people leave the hospital which DWB denied 96 By this time Al Shifa ran out of fuel and had suspended some operations As a result 2 babies in incubators and two other patients died 97 The hospital director said that the hospital had electricity until the morning of 12 November meaning that 37 babies in incubators are at risk of dying 98 In a series of comments with Al Jazeera Muhammad Abu Salmiya the director of the hospital said that the hospital was cut off from the rest of the city trapping a reported 15 000 people inside He also added that patients were dying by the minute victims and wounded were also dying even babies in incubators 99 The Israeli military denied it had placed the Al Shifa hospital under siege stating that there wasn t any shooting or siege and that the east side remained open 100 On the same day the WHO reported that it had lost contact with the hospital 94 The hospital director said that premature babies were in a precarious situation and that they were transferred to an unhealthy location At this time power was completely cut off in the hospital 101 Minister of Health Mai Al Kalia stated that over 100 bodies were in the courtyard and that the medical teams were unable to make a mass grave in the courtyard due to the seriousness of the field situation She also added that 39 babies were at risk of death and that one baby died that morning due to lack of fuel 28 Stray dogs had also begun to snap and eat the corpses 28 102 Doctors in Al Shifa Hospital reported snipers at the outskirts of the complex were firing at any moving person 103 Hamas officials had reported to Agence France Presse that the cardiac ward was struck by Israeli air strikes which was confirmed by witnesses but not by AFP 104 On 12 November Israel attempted to provide 300 litres of fuel to the hospital which they say was blocked by Hamas 105 106 In response a spokesperson for the health ministry stated that Al Shifa needed 8000 12000 litres of fuel to run for a day and that 300 litres would keep the hospital running for half an hour 107 Additionally hospital staff noted there was no way to receive this fuel as no ambulances were arriving at Al Shifa and risk getting caught in crossfire urging that the only way to safely access the fuel was with a pause in fighting 107 On 13 November about 50 people tried to evacuate from the hospital but they said that Israeli forces fired at them wounding one man 108 On 14 November a Gaza health official said that medical staff had buried 179 dead patients in a mass grave in the hospital s courtyard as the bodies had begun to decompose after the hospital s mortuary lost electricity 30 31 A witness reported wild dogs had been eating the unburied dead bodies 109 15 November raid Just after midnight on 15 November Israeli forces informed officials that they would shortly be raiding the hospital Hospital staff reported sounds of clashes from outside the grounds and Israel reported killing several Hamas militants outside of the grounds 110 111 Following the raid Israel stated that they had delivered supplies to the hospital including battery powered incubators 112 medical supplies and baby food Reuters verified that a photo of boxes labelled as medical supplies and baby food was taken inside the hospital Israel also reported finding weapons and other terror infrastructure within the hospital concrete evidence they said of Hamas using the hospital as a terror headquarter 113 114 115 116 According to the BBC an Israeli official said that Israel had found weapons and terror infrastructure but did not immediately provide evidence 117 According to a journalist inside the hospital Israel was interrogating people within the hospital on Wednesday morning including doctors and patients According to a witness Israeli forces fired a smoke bomb into the hospital that caused people to suffocate while a spokesperson for the Gaza Health Ministry said The occupation army is now in the basement and searching the basement They are inside the complex shooting and carrying out bombings 110 Munir al Bursh the general director of Gaza hospitals told Al Jazeera Patients women and children are terrified 118 16 and 17 November Netanyahu stated in an interview with CBS that the Israeli government had strong indications that hostages were in al Shifa which was one of the reasons they entered the hospital adding that I think the less I say about it the better 119 On 16 November the IDF reported that the body of Yehudit Weiss a 65 year old woman who was captured from Be eri kibbutz had been located in a structure nearby to the hospital 120 121 On 17 November the IDF had discovered the body of 19 year old Cpl Noa Marciano in a building next to the hospital 122 Evacuation On 19 November the World Health Organization evacuated 31 premature babies while more than 250 critically ill or wounded patients remain trapped at the hospital 123 Doctors Without Borders said Israeli forces had on 18 November fired deliberately on a clearly marked convoy carrying 140 of the organization s employees and family members More than 2 500 people were also evacuated 124 Alleged military useThe neutrality of this section is disputed Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page Please do not remove this message until conditions to do so are met November 2023 Learn how and when to remove this template message See also Use of human shields by Hamas and Alleged military use of al Shifa hospital There have been allegations that Hamas has been using the Al Shifa Hospital for military purposes Izzat al Risheq a Hamas official denied allegations that the group was using Shifa Hospital as a shield for its underground military structures saying there was no truth to the statements 125 126 On 14 November 2023 the U S National Security Council spokesperson John Kirby said that the United States had its own intelligence sources indicating that Al Shifa hospital was being used by Hamas to run military operations and store weapons which constitutes a war crime 26 The intelligence included communication intercepts of Hamas fighters inside the hospital complex 127 Al Shifa staff had appealed to the international community to send international delegations to the hospital to see that no military actions were taking place in the hospital 27 128 129 IDF release of photos The IDF released photos showing Military uniforms 11 guns three military vests one with a Hamas logo nine grenades two Qurans a string of prayer beads a box of dates that they said was found in the hospital Former US State Department legal advisor Brian Finucane said These arms by themselves hardly seem to justify the military fixation on al Shifa even setting the law aside 71 Following the release of the Israeli photos Al Jazeera senior political analyst Marwan Bishara was skeptical since Hamas left the guns and nothing else 130 Bishara added that Israel doesn t have any evidence that justifies the genocide that they ve carried out against Gaza and the bombings of the hospitals and other facilities and for the collective punishments 130 Mouin Rabbani a Middle East analyst stated to Al Jazeera Israeli forces have invaded Shifa Hospital and been inside it for 12 full hours having refused any independent party to accompany them and now we re supposed to believe that there were Hamas militants in there being pursued by the Israeli military but they somehow left their weapons behind 131 Israeli forces continued to search the facility for a second day unearthing what they described as a tunnel entrance on the perimeter of the hospital complex New York Times journalists visited the site and verified that a concrete shaft descending into the earth existed and that electrical wiring and a ladder was visible although they were not able to determine how deep the shaft was or where it led 132 Investigative journalist Jeremy Scahill stated that the Israelis have a multidecade track record of lying of promoting false information releasing doctored videos He then stated regarding the evidence that he had seen more guns in the homes of Americans than in this purported Hamas Pentagon under al Shifa Hospital 133 Jeremy Bowen BBC News international editor noted that there is no independent scrutiny inside the hospital since journalists are working under the supervision of the Israeli military 134 He also stated that the evidence that was produced wasn t convincing enough to prove that this was a nerve centre for the Hamas operation 134 On 17 November 2023 journalists for The Independent stated that Israel has not presented evidence that shows a large scale headquarters under the hospital 135 IDF release of tunnel shaft footage On 19 November the IDF released footage down the tunnel shaft of what it stated to be a Hamas tunnel network The footage showed a tunnel shaft which contains a winding staircase approximately three meters deep and it continues for seven meters down until it reaches part of a tunnel network The tunnel continues for five meters before turning right and continuing for another 50 meters At the end there is a blast door and what the IDF says is a gunhole 136 dubious discuss better source needed Mounir El Barsh the Gaza health ministry director stated the Israeli tunnel statement was a pure lie and that the IDF had already been on the al Shifa complex for eight days 137 Later that day the IDF also published surveillance footage taken by the hospital s cameras showing a group of men forcibly bringing two hostages into the hospital The hostages were identified as two foreign hostages captured during the 7 October attack Hamas didn t respond but in the past they stated that they have taken hostages to hospitals for treatment 138 139 140 On the same day CNN visited the tunnel shaft and confirmed that a tunnel existed near the hospital describing a substantial shaft descending 10 metres into earth that included a central column that looked like a hub for a spiral staircase according to a video shown by the IDF deeper in the shaft such a spiral staircase did exist Both Hamas and health officials had denied that a tunnel network existed beneath the hospital 141 After inspecting the tunnel network Haaretz reported that The question of whether Al Shifa s managers knew about the tunnels the munitions and the military headquarters is answered the moment you go down into the tunnel with the IDF one stretch is 170 meters long There is no way the hospital administrators didn t know what was happening The tunnels lead to well lit air conditioned rooms that contain tables and beds It s not clear if these rooms were prepared to receive hostages but there is no doubt they were used by Hamas company battalion and brigade commanders and that fighting was directed from there in recent rounds if not in the current war as well 142 On 20 November former Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Barak referring to Israeli built bunkers from decades ago told CNN It s already been known for many years that they Hamas have the bunkers that originally were built by Israeli constructors underneath Shifa which were used as a command post of Hamas And a kind of junction of several tunnels are part of this system 143 According to Israeli officials Hamas subsequently dug out the original basement later adding new floors and connecting it as a hub within their existing tunnel system A France24 investigation concluded that the images and videos of the tunnels published by the IDF were consistent with Hamas built tunnels They also note that the tunnels were found under the Qatari building which was built after Israel withdrew from Gaza 144 The Washington Post analyzed the publicly released material by Israel along with satellite imagery and other publicly available material and concluded that the rooms that were connected to a tunnel network did not show any immediate evidence of being used by Hamas and that each of the buildings that the IDF spokesman Daniel Hagari had identified as being directly involved in Hamas s military activity did not appear to be connected to any tunnel network and that there had been no evidence released that showed that a tunnel network could be accessed from within the hospital s wards 41 The France 24 Observer analysis team was unable to verify Israeli claims that the passage leads to a larger network of tunnels 145 Impact and casualtiesThe situation at al Shifa Hospital is part of a serious healthcare crisis in Gaza The hospital is rapidly running out of electricity food and medical supplies The last generator ran out of fuel killing three premature babies and four other patients 146 unreliable source By 19 November the hospital had no antibiotics or painkillers to treat its patients 147 By 12 November two critically ill patients in the ICU had died because of a lack of electricity and oxygen 148 According to a doctor at the hospital quoted in a 15 November BBC article six premature infants had died as had a critically ill adult burn victim The doctor attributes these deaths to a lack of fuel for incubators oxygen and other essential medical equipment 149 Another doctor at the hospital Ahmed Mokhallalati said that 43 of the hospital s 63 intensive care patients had died because the intensive care unit ran out of oxygen 150 The blockade has resulted in a humanitarian disaster with numerous Palestinians seeking refuge in medical facilities 151 The toll on civilians particularly children has been extensive with almost half of Gaza s hospitals shutting down due to acute fuel scarcity The hospital has had to provide makeshift housing and the absence of clean water and sanitation services is exacerbating the transmission of infectious diseases Amidst the siege Hamas suspended hostage negotiations due to Israel s takeover of al Shifa Hospital and heavy fire as Israeli forces approached the facility 152 Gaza officials said an airstrike destroyed the hospital s cardiac ward while a power cut shut down the neonatal unit s incubators where around 40 children were hosted and ventilators for others receiving urgent care 148 On 19 November the 31 remaining premature babies receiving care at al Shifa Hospital were transferred to Emirati Hospital in Rafah escorted by the Palestinian Red Crescent and other health organizations 28 of the babies were evacuated to Egypt on 20 November 153 154 155 Israeli media campaign Further information Hasbara Before and after the siege the Israeli government engaged in a public relations campaign aimed at justifying its siege and takeover of the hospital On 11 November the Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs tweeted a video purportedly of a nurse at al Shifa who backs up Israeli statements regarding Hamas usage of the hospital The Nation described the campaign as propaganda and stated that the video was widely mocked with many Arabs questioning its authenticity and the ministry deleting the tweet in a day 156 The Daily Beast remarking on the video said Everything about it smacked of high school theater from the botched accent that sounded like it was straight out of an Israeli soap opera to the perfectly scripted IDF talking points rolling off her tongue 157 France 24 found the video to likely be staged 158 Subsequently France 24 citing three experts Michael Milshtein of Tel Aviv University Scott Savitz an Engineer and Daphne Richmond Barak of Reichman University in Israel found the Israeli released footage of tunnels beneath Shifa hospital do indicate that these tunnels have all the characteristics of tunnels that belong to the Hamas terrorist group 159 Some experts have said that questionable evidence such as stating that an Arabic calendar was a Hamas shift schedule and displaying curtains as evidence that hostage videos were filmed has weakened Israel s credibility with H A Hellyer stating The irony is they might find something and nobody is going to believe them at this point their credibility is shot Adding We don t take seriously what a terror group says but we do take seriously what an army says especially one that s an ally of ours he said So we naturally hold it to a higher standard 160 Muhammad Shehada Euro Mediterranean Human Rights Monitor Chief of Programmes and Communications said of the requirements that Israel imposed on media outlets on their supervised tours of al Shifa that the outlets have essentially agreed to broadcast propaganda saying of the outlets You are not allowed to speak to any Palestinian or Gazan to challenge what the IDF is spoon feeding you You are not allowed to go beyond the tour that the IDF has staged so you stick to what the IDF wants to show you and where they take you And you have to review the material with them before you publish so that the result of that is not journalism It s propaganda 161 The New Arab describing the ongoing propaganda campaign and how it has backfired with people questioning Israel s credibility wrote that Israel had resorted to fake audio baseless claims and doctored imagery to whitewash its attack in Gaza They discussed how the failure of the incubators in the Neonatal intensive care unit of al Shifa caused by the denial of fuel deliveries by Israel and the cutting of electricity was responsible for the deaths of three prematurely born babies Israel while it had caused the fuel shortage and failure of the existing incubators made a show of delivering new incubators to the hospital However the issue was not with the incubators it was with the lack of fuel an issue that was not addressed 162 CNN reported on 20 November that video footage suggests weaponry at Al Shifa may have been rearranged citing a 15 November video by the IDF showing only one AK 47 gun behind an MRI machine in the hospital compared to later videos by Fox News and BBC showing two AK 47 guns at the same place the IDF responded that the difference was because more weaponry and terrorist assets were discovered throughout the day Suggestions that the IDF is manipulating the media are incorrect 163 The BBC also concluded that the number of guns behind that MRI machine had doubled in the separate videos and additionally found that the IDF s video was edited despite the IDF s claim that it was unedited 24 Following Israel s release of video evidence on 22 November the Associated Press the New York Times the Wall Street Journal the Guardian Sky News and Amnesty International all concluded that this did not constitute sufficient evidence to demonstrate the use by Hamas of a command center 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 Haaretz reported that Hamas tunnels passing through the heart of the compound prove that Hamas did use the hospital for military purposes 171 March 2024 siegeIt has been suggested that this section be split out into another article titled Al Shifa Hospital massacre Discuss April 2024 18 March On Monday 18 March 2024 at 2 30 a m 172 Israeli forces began what they said was a precise operation in the area of the Shifa hospital to thwart Hamas activity 173 The Gaza Health Ministry said the Israeli raid was a massacre against the sick the wounded the displaced and the medical staff inside al Shifa Hospital 174 A survivor of the subsequent siege reported that hundreds of members of the non military wings of Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad PIJ who were employed in the hospital had gathered there inside to receive their salaries He said they included members of Gaza s civil defense crews police force and internal security services In a Mondoweiss report after the siege the survivor stated There was a room in the specialized surgeries building that served as an office for the Hamas government branches that operated aboveground and another building that was an office for the PIJ movement and the men employed by the movement would go there to collect their salaries 175 The 18 March reports indicated the presence of tanks at the facility and witnesses said there were substantial exchanges of fire around the area 54 Financial Times reported gun battles around the facility where thousands of people were sheltering as Israeli forces aimed to prevent Hamas fighters from regrouping in Gaza s north 173 The Health Ministry stated 30 000 displaced people were sheltering inside the hospital at the start of the raid and that anyone who tries to move is targeted by sniper bullets and quadcopter 176 177 Footage from Sky News showed people around the hospital in distress following the raid 178 Initially IDF spokesman Daniel Hagari stated patients were under no obligation to evacuate 179 Later Israel dropped leaflets ordering the hospital to evacuate 180 181 At the start of the raid Wadea Abu Alsoud a Palestinian journalist on the scene stated the situation was catastrophic as the hospital came under heavy Israeli gunfire 182 Al Jazeera Arabic journalists stated Israeli forces opened fire in the hospital 183 Israeli military stated they were fired upon entering the compound and released drone footage it said showed its troops being fired at A fire broke out in one of the buildings 184 Within minutes of their arrival an IDF representative stated they have conquered al Shifa and everyone is under arrest 185 Ismail al Ghoul an Al Jazeera journalist at Al Shifa during the raid stated journalists were stripped naked forced to lie on their stomachs blindfolded and interrogated after twelve hours 186 Witnesses reported journalists were beaten before being taken to an undisclosed location 187 Video from Israel s raid showed Israeli forces operating an armored bulldozer in the vicinity of the hospital and the hospital s courtyard was bulldozed 188 189 The raid caused the forced displacement of families from Rimal toward the central Gaza Strip 190 Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus stated the World Health Organization was terribly worried about the raid and stated hospitals should never be battlegrounds 191 Israeli airstrikes around the hospital left residents searching for survivors with their bare hands with a young boy stating to journalists For God s sake I have nowhere to go all my family were killed 192 The IDF said that during the operation Faiq al Mabhouh head of the operations directorate of Hamas internal security service was among those killed Hamas media office said Faiq al Mabhouh was leading the coordination deliveries to northern Gaza with the UN and local clans 54 Two Israeli soldiers were also killed during the operation and Daniel Hagari stated the Israeli forces had arrested 200 people during the 18 March raid 193 194 19 March The New York Times reported that the 18 March operation set off a battle with both Hamas and Israel reporting casualties The operation drew condemnation from Gaza s health officials and questions about Israeli s state of control over north Gaza 195 The Associated Press reported heavy fighting around the hospital between Hamas fighters and Israeli troops in nearby districts with explosions shaking the hospital and the surrounding neighborhoods 196 20 March The raid was still continuing by 20 March with Israeli forces encircled around the facility preventing people from evacuating 197 The official Israeli and Palestinian narratives on 20 March differed drastically The Israeli military stated that it had killed 90 gunmen The Gaza Media Office stated all of the people Israel killed were wounded patients and displaced people and that thirteen patients had died due a lack of medicine oxygen and food 198 199 Reuters stated they were unable to verify either account 198 The bodies of people killed while attempting to flee the hospital remained on the street as gunfire continued 200 Extensive searches by Israeli troops were conducted in and around the hospital 201 Al Jazeera journalist Mahmoud Eliwa was arrested by Israeli soldiers at the hospital 202 According to Mads Gilbert medical staff were detained kept in the cold for hours subjected to humiliating investigations and one doctor was shot in the chest while attempting to comply with Israeli forces orders 203 A displaced person at the hospital stated The soldiers fired at the building where we are They asked us to take off our clothes and go down to the hospital yard 204 CNN reported that witnesses saw Palestinian journalists and health workers blindfolded handcuffed and stripped down to their underwear 205 The World Health Organization head stated Accessing al Shifa is now impossible and there are reports of medical staff being detained 185 Ambulances were prevented from reaching the hospital 206 The Gaza Civil Defense stated they were unable to reach wounded patients 207 Survivors of the raid stated they were stripped naked detained for hours and shot at despite carrying white flags 208 Footage of four year old Saja Junaid went viral showing the severely burned girl forced to flee the hospital to Deir el Balah with journalists stating she hadn t eaten in three days 209 21 March Al Shifa s head of surgery stated that after being stripped doctors had their faces scanned by the Israeli army and then were taken in one at a time for a humiliating investigation 205 A man living near the hospital stated We are hearing the constant sounds of clashes gunshots shelling bombing quadcopters and planes all day and all night 210 The IDF said it evacuated 220 patients and emergency room equipment to another building that terrorists had blocked themselves off near the emergency room and that there was fighting 211 Hani Mahmoud a journalist on the ground stated The Israeli military is now ordering everyone inside the hospital including medical staff and patients to evacuate immediately Otherwise the entire facility will be blown up 212 213 Local media reported that Israeli forces had blown up a specialist care building in the medical complex 214 Israel stated they had made 600 arrests including dozens of top Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad commanders 215 22 March Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus the head of the World Health Organization stated the situation at Al Shifa was utterly inhumane with nearly 200 staff and patients kept in a building with limited access to food and water and critically wounded patients lying on the floor 216 The Committee to Protect Journalists stated it was gravely concerned about journalists arrested by Israel and stated the IDF need to be fully transparent about journalists who have been detained and refrain from any attempts to block the work of journalists at al Shifa Hospital and all of Gaza 217 218 The Israeli army ordered the surrender of all people remaining in the besieged hospital 219 Verified footage showed Israeli bulldozers wreaking havoc on the hospital complex Al Jazeera reported that intense battles had been ongoing for days in and around the hospital 220 The Gaza Health Ministry stated that Israel had bombed several hospital buildings and burned down its vascular department 221 After an elderly patient told the Agence France Presse that he witnessed Israeli soldiers beat all the young men and arrested them the IDF stated it would identify unusual cases that deviate from what is expected of IDF army soldiers 222 23 March On 23 March Hamas and the Palestinian Islamic Jihad said they were engaged in battles with the IDF outside of Al Shifa Hospital and in the surrounding area Hamas denied any presence inside the hospital Reuters reported Israeli troops still searching the complex with Israeli military saying that the hospital is linked to a network of tunnels used as a Palestinian militant base 223 As of 23 March Israel stated they killed over 170 gunmen inside the hospital grounds Hamas said that all those killed were either patients or displaced individuals 224 The Gaza Health Ministry stated that five wounded patients were trapped in the hospital and had gone six days without water food or medicine 225 24 March The IDF stated it had killed 170 people and arrested more than 800 in total 226 The IDF said that intelligence forces had started interrogation of some of the detainees and that those not found to have militant group affiliations were released 227 Doctors Without Borders staff stated that heavy air strikes by Israeli forces and fierce fighting were endangering patients medical staff and people trapped inside 228 Gaza s government media office stated five medical staff were killed by Israeli soldiers 229 25 March Jameel al Ayoubi a displaced person sheltering at the hospital told the Associated Press he had seen Israeli tanks drive over the bodies of four people killed in the raid 230 IDF Spokesman Daniel Hagari stated that Hamas had fired mortars from Shifa s emergency room and maternity ward as well as thrown explosives from the burn ward 231 26 March The Gaza Health Ministry stated that people in the hospital s Human Resources Department had been arrested 232 27 March A resident living 1 km from the hospital stated Explosions never stop we see lines of smoke coming from inside no one moves even in streets that are hundreds of metres away because of Israeli snipers on rooftops of buildings 233 Verified footage showed a family evacuated from near al Shifa stating We raised the white flag as the tank was next to our house and they started shelling at us 234 Moath al Kahlout a journalist in northern Gaza stated Patients and medical staff are stuck in a small room inside the human resources development building which is not at all equipped to provide medical care 235 28 March The Gaza media office stated that preliminary information suggested Israeli forces had killed 200 displaced people inside the hospital 236 The Gaza Civil Defence stated 65 of its staff had been killed in the vicinity of al Shifa 237 Hani Mahmoud a journalist in Gaza stated An entire residential neighbourhood near the hospital has been destroyed rendered beyond recognition 238 Local media reported that journalist Muhammad Abu Sakhil was killed by Israeli forces in al Shifa 239 30 March Gaza s media office stated 400 people had been killed by Israeli forces during the raids calling the attack a war crime 240 The World Health Organization stated it needed to postpone a joint mission to al Shifa after Israel denied three previous missions to the hospital 241 Gaza s health ministry stated Israel was preventing patient evacuations 242 31 March The World Health Organization stated 21 patients had died since the start of Israel s raid 243 The IDF said that it had found weapons hidden in patients pillows and beds in Al Shifa s maternity ward as well as in the hospital s ceilings and walls 244 245 246 1 April Israeli forces withdrew from the hospital leaving it with blown out windows and blackened concrete walls 247 Al Aqsa Martyrs Brigades said it had targeted Israel s forces with artillery during the Israeli military operation and withdrawal 248 An Israeli official said that militants did not come in through tunnels which had been mostly destroyed in 2023 but had traveled in with civilians collecting guns that were concealed around the hospital or from private homes 172 Aftermath On 2 April 2024 a World Health Organization spokesman stated that they had contact with Al Shifa s staff and that The directors told us that Al Shifa Hospital is gone It s no longer able to function in any shape or form as a hospital 249 On 3 April an UNOCHA flash update cited WHO stating Al Shifa Hospital is now in ruins and no longer able to function as a hospital 250 On 5 April 2024 a WHO led mission visited Al Shifa to perform an initial evaluation of the extent of destruction and to determine needs to guide efforts to restore the facility in the future The team found most of the buildings largely damaged or destroyed and most of the equipment unusable or burned to ashes They found explosives and fire had significantly damaged the emergency department surgical and maternity ward buildings The mission said that the destruction had left the facility non functional short term restoration of minimal functionality seemed implausible and would require efforts to evaluate and clear the grounds for unexploded military devices 251 On 6 April 2024 a report by NPR found Bodies lay decomposing in the hospital s dirt courtyard which was laden with unexploded ordnance Other people were shot and left to die in its hallways maimed and crushed by tanks outside its gates decomposing on side streets and in buildings NPR stated there was no clarity on how many of the dead were civilians or fighters 252 Doctors Without Borders stated Gaza s largest hospital is now out of service Given the extent of the destruction people in the north are left with even fewer healthcare options 253 According to Wafa hundreds of dead civilians were found at al Shifa 254 A nurse at the hospital stated The smell of corpses filled the place What happened to us is indescribable 255 Mondoweiss reported that the Israeli army shot patients in their beds as well as doctors and hundreds of civil government employees 256 Moath al Kahlout an official of Gaza s Civil Defence stated that buildings and medical machines had been totally destroyed 257 Al Jazeera Arabic reported Buildings in all departments have been burned and the structure of the complex has been damaged from the inside 258 The hospital director stated All the buildings of al Shifa medical complex were completely destroyed and burned Al Shifa medical complex is gone forever 259 On 9 April Gaza Civil Defense spokesperson Mahmoud Basal said that least 381 bodies were recovered within and around the complex since April 1 excluding people buried in the hospital grounds Mass graves were also found around the hospital 57 On 15 April medical crews stated that they had recovered 15 bodies from around the hospital Israeli forces said that approximately 500 suspects affiliated with terrorist organizations were apprehended and 200 terrorists were eliminated 260 False Rape allegations On 24 March Al Jazeera released what were later revealed to be false rape allegations Al Jazeera reported a story on its liveblog entitled Israel forces raped killed women during raid on al Shifa witness says Al Jazeera s update used statements of a witness Jamila al Hissi who stated that They raped women kidnapped women executed women and pulled dead bodies from under the rubble to unleash their dogs on them Al Jazeera reported that al Hissi described the situation as a war zone and had been trapped in a building near the hospital 261 Al Hissi s statement was also reported by Middle East Eye 262 Morocco World News 263 and The New Arab 264 Iran s Foreign Ministry Spokesman Nasser Kanaani called for a fact finding mission on sexual violence at Al Shifa 261 On 25 March Al Jazeera took down its video of Jamila al Hissi s statements but kept its written article posted Former managing director of Al Jazeera Yasser Abu Hilalah wrote on X Hamas investigations revealed that the story of the rape of women in Shifa Hospital was fabricated Abu Hilalah reported that al Hissi justified her exaggeration and incorrect talk by saying that the goal was to arouse the nation s fervor and brotherhood 265 Execution allegations Al Jazeera and Euro Mediterranean Human Rights Monitor a Geneva based human rights organization stated that Israel s raid had resulted in the deaths of over 200 Palestinians including civilians Many were deliberately killed or executed extrajudicially after arrest 266 Al Jazeera English reported witnesses describing executions at Al Shifa 267 268 The Euro Med Monitor stated that at least thirteen children had been killed in the area near the hospital or while attempting to flee the area with their families 269 The organization stated that Israeli forces had shot and executed them 270 White House spokeswoman Karine Jean Pierre stated the U S had not verified footage of executions around Al Shifa but said It is deeply concerning if it s true We are reaching out to Israel s government to get more information 271 The Palestinian Red Crescent Society reported departments at the hospital being set on fire and stated According to eyewitness accounts and official reports many of the civilians were executed They were killed by the Israeli occupation forces including medical staff doctors and nurses they were purposefully executed by the Israeli soldiers 272 Statements Israel stated its operation was to clear Al Shifa hospital of militants operating there 273 The Gaza Media Office said the raid constituted a war crime 274 The Euro Mediterranean Human Rights Monitor stated it had collected witness testimonies that young men were being used as human shields by the Israeli army 275 Al Jazeera English stated that there were reports that Israel had committed heinous war crimes during the siege 276 Hamas denied operations from Al Shifa Hamas military wing said it had fought with IDF forces around the hospital and released footage of fighting Palestinian Islamic Jihad also published footage of its fighters engaged in battles with Israeli forces near the hospital Witnesses inside and near the hospital denied seeing militants 172 ReactionsGovernment China has described the struggling hospital as a manifestation of the humanitarian crisis in Gaza The Palestinian Minister of Health Mai al Kaila described Israeli actions as a crime against humanity 277 Israel disputes this stating that it does all it can to protect civilian life and that it is Hamas that puts civilians in harms way by blocking their evacuation from combat zones 278 US President Joe Biden stated Gaza s hospitals must be protected 279 Biden accused Hamas of committing a war crime by allegedly having its headquarters under al Shifa Hospital with The Nation noting that Biden appeared unfazed by the flimsiness of Israel s ludicruous propaganda 280 Prime Minister of Canada Justin Trudeau stated Even wars have rules I urge the government of Israel to exercise maximum restraint The world is witnessing this the killing of women and children of babies This has to stop 281 Ayman Safadi the Jordanian Minister of Foreign Affairs condemned the attack stating it was a violation of international humanitarian law especially the 1949 Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War 282 Qatari foreign minister Mohammed bin Abdulrahman bin Jassim Al Thani stated the siege was a war crime and a blatant violation of international laws 283 The Saudi Arabian foreign ministry stated it strongly condemns the Israeli occupation forces storming of al Shifa Hospital in Gaza 284 Academics H A Hellyer a fellow at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace stated a huge trust deficit remained regarding Israeli intelligence and that Israeli statements should not be taken at face value 285 Sultan Barakat a professor at Hamad Bin Khalifa University in Qatar stated US and Israeli information on Gaza was not reliable 286 Osamah Khalil a professor at Syracuse University in New York deemed it improbable that Hamas would have a base at Al Shifa as the hospital was one of the busiest places in Gaza 287 Media Antony Loewenstein noted Israel has a long history of deliberately targeting medical facilities in the West Bank East Jerusalem and Gaza and that IDF statements about military facilities needed to be treated with deep scepticism 288 Palestinian analyst Thabet Al Amour stated This is madness absolute madness It s a hospital 289 Al Jazeera journalist Hamdah Salhut stated Israel had not shown solid proof or evidence to back up their statements 290 Major General Giora Eiland former head of the Israeli National Security Council stated that targeting the hospital was tactical aiming to control the narrative about Hamas rather than serving a strategic purpose 291 An analysis by The Washington Post found Israel s evidence falls short of proving the hospital was a command and control centre 292 Organizations The World Health Organization WHO confirmed that Al Shifa Hospital is without electricity putting patients including children at risk of death WHO director general Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said on social media that al Shifa had been without water for three days and was no longer functioning as a hospital 293 Doctors Without Borders reported that an ambulance and the patients inside were attacked near the hospital 294 A spokesman for the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement stated I cannot even imagine the panic among the patients the panic among doctors and nurses What they re going through is really something that is unbelievable 295 A group of Israeli doctors known as Doctors for the Rights of Israeli Soldiers has signed a statement advocating the bombing of Al Shifa hospital 296 297 The statement was publicly signed by dozens of Israeli doctors and was widely shared on various social media platforms 296 The doctors stated that it was Israel s legitimate right to bomb al Shifa hospital because it served as a base for Palestinian armed groups 298 Alice Rothchild the director of Jewish Voice for Peace stated noted Israel s lack of hard evidence of military operations at al Shifa stating Israeli sources have a long history of not being very accurate 299 See alsoAl Ahli Arab Hospital explosion Attacks on health facilities during the 2023 Israel Hamas warNotes a b Hamas and the hospital workers have denied any armed presence at the hospital 1 References Williams Dan Al Mughrabi Nidal 1 April 2024 Israeli troops exit Gaza s Shifa Hospital leaving rubble and bodies Reuters Retrieved 3 April 2024 As 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Retrieved 17 November 2023 Israeli troops enter Gaza s Al Shifa hospital The Canberra Times 15 November 2023 Archived from the original on 15 November 2023 Retrieved 15 November 2023 Israeli forces raid Gaza s largest hospital where hundreds of patients are stranded by fighting AP News 15 November 2023 Archived from the original on 15 November 2023 Retrieved 15 November 2023 Israel s raid on al Shifa Hospital Here s what you need to know Al Jazeera Archived from the original on 15 November 2023 Retrieved 15 November 2023 Staff The New Arab 14 November 2023 Israeli propaganda on incubators hostage hideout backfires The New Arab Archived from the original on 14 November 2023 Retrieved 15 November 2023 Al Shifa What we know about Israel s raid on Gaza s main hospital 15 November 2023 Archived from the original on 15 November 2023 Retrieved 15 November 2023 via www bbc com Till the end Al Shifa doctors vow to stay with patients Al Jazeera Archived from the original on 23 December 2023 Retrieved 16 November 2023 Israeli army claims to have found a tunnel weapons in al Shifa Al Jazeera Archived from the original on 28 November 2023 Retrieved 17 November 2023 Sinmaz Emine 16 November 2023 Israel says body of hostage recovered near al Shifa hospital The Guardian ISSN 0261 3077 Archived from the original on 17 November 2023 Retrieved 17 November 2023 Reporter Rachel Dobkin Weekend 16 November 2023 Who was Yehudit Weiss Israeli hostage found dead near Al Shifa Hospital Newsweek Archived from the original on 16 November 2023 Retrieved 17 November 2023 Israel finds second hostage body near Al Shifa hospital 17 November 2023 Archived from the original on 17 November 2023 Retrieved 17 November 2023 via www bbc com Israel battles Hamas near another Gaza hospital sheltering thousands AP News 20 November 2023 Archived from the original on 20 November 2023 Retrieved 20 November 2023 Amid Gaza war U N evacuates babies from besieged hospital WAPO 19 November 2023 Archived from the original on 20 November 2023 Retrieved 20 November 2023 Beaumont Peter 30 October 2023 What is a human shield and how has Hamas been accused of using them The Guardian Archived from the original on 7 November 2023 Retrieved 14 November 2023 Hamas rejects Israeli claim over installations under al Shifa hospital Al Jazeera Archived from the original on 15 November 2023 Retrieved 14 November 2023 U S Relied on Intercepts in Assessing Hamas s Operations at Gaza Hospital The Wall Street Journal 15 November 2023 Archived from the original on 20 November 2023 Retrieved 21 November 2023 Regan Helen Salman Abeer Shortell David 15 November 2023 Israeli troops and tanks raid Gaza s Al Shifa Hospital CNN Archived from the original on 15 November 2023 Retrieved 15 November 2023 BBC Apologizes Over Israel Hamas War Misreporting After Anchor Falsely Claimed IDF Targeted Medical Staff Variety 15 November 2023 Archived from the original on 15 November 2023 Retrieved 15 November 2023 a b Israeli evidence at al Shifa does not justify collective punishment AJ analyst Al Jazeera Archived from the original on 28 November 2023 Retrieved 15 November 2023 Analyst likens Israel s al Shifa evidence to US claims about WMDs in Iraq Al Jazeera Archived from the original on 28 November 2023 Retrieved 15 November 2023 Pan Philip P Kingsley Patrick 17 November 2023 Israel Hamas War Israeli Army Takes Journalists on Controlled Visit to Gaza Hospital The New York Times Archived from the original on 17 November 2023 Retrieved 17 November 2023 Biden staking credibility on Israeli intelligence Al Jazeera Archived from the original on 28 November 2023 Retrieved 16 November 2023 a b Bowen Jeremy 17 November 2023 Bowen Ceasefire demands will grow without proof of Hamas HQ at Al Shifa BBC Archived from the original on 17 November 2023 Retrieved 18 November 2023 Biden defends Israeli hospital raid in search for Hamas HQ The Independent 17 November 2023 Archived from the original on 17 November 2023 Retrieved 18 November 2023 New IDF footage reveals part of Hamas s tunnel network under Shifa Hospital in Gaza Archived from the original on 19 November 2023 Retrieved 19 November 2023 Williams Dan Israel says soldier executed foreign hostages held at Gaza s Shifa hospital Reuters Archived from the original on 19 November 2023 Retrieved 19 November 2023 Williams Dan 20 November 2023 Israel says soldier executed foreign hostages held at Gaza s Shifa hospital Reuters Archived from the original on 20 November 2023 Retrieved 20 November 2023 Hamas terrorists took hostages into Gaza hospital Shifa cameras prove Jerusalem Post 19 November 2023 Archived from the original on 19 November 2023 Retrieved 19 November 2023 Surveillance footage shows Hamas bringing hostages into Shifa Hospital on Oct 7 Times of Israel 19 November 2023 Archived from the original on 19 November 2023 Retrieved 19 November 2023 Liebermann Oren 20 November 2023 CNN visited the exposed tunnel shaft near Al Shifa hospital Here s what we saw CNN Archived from the original on 20 November 2023 Retrieved 20 November 2023 Did Hamas Operate Under Gaza s Al Shifa Hospital A Tour of the Tunnels Leaves No Room for Doubt Haaretz Archived from the original on 23 December 2023 Retrieved 24 November 2023 Subramaniam Tara 20 November 2023 Hamas is using bunkers built by Israel under Al Shifa Hospital former Israeli prime minister says CNN Archived from the original on 23 November 2023 Retrieved 21 November 2023 Truth or Fake Al Shifa hospital Were the tunnels discovered by Israel built by Israel France 24 30 November 2023 Archived from the original on 2 December 2023 Retrieved 2 December 2023 Al Shifa Hospital What do we know about IDF videos of a tunnel under the hospital The Observers France 24 22 November 2023 Retrieved 27 March 2024 Reporter Khaleda Rahman Senior News 12 November 2023 Israel Denies Shifa Hospital Siege As Medics Say People Are Trapped Newsweek Archived from the original on 13 November 2023 Retrieved 13 November 2023 Slow Oliver 19 November 2023 WHO says Gaza s al Shifa hospital a death zone as hundreds leave BBC News BBC Archived from the original on 20 November 2023 Retrieved 20 November 2023 a b Israeli strikes in Gaza kill at least 13 destroy al Shifa s cardiac ward Al Jazeera English 12 November 2023 Archived from the original on 13 November 2023 Retrieved 13 November 2023 Hancock Sam 15 November 2023 Al Shifa What we know about Israel s raid on Gaza s main hospital BBC News BBC Archived from the original on 15 November 2023 Retrieved 15 November 2023 43 patients died in Al Shifa Hospital as ICU oxygen ran out doctor says ABC News Archived from the original on 15 November 2023 Retrieved 16 November 2023 Israeli forces close in on al Shifa Hospital trapping thousands Al Jazeera 11 November 2023 Archived from the original on 15 November 2023 Retrieved 15 November 2023 Burke Jason 12 November 2023 Battle for al Shifa hospital in Gaza fraught with diplomatic risk for Israel The Guardian Archived from the original on 13 November 2023 Retrieved 13 November 2023 Da Silva Chantal 20 November 2023 Premature babies evacuated from Gaza s main hospital and taken to Egypt NBC News NBC Archived from the original on 20 November 2023 Retrieved 20 November 2023 Salman Abeer Khadder Kareem Yeung Jessie Hallam Jonny Khalil Asmaa Kennedy Niamh 20 November 2023 Premature sick babies arrive in Egypt from Gaza after Al Shifa evacuation CNN Archived from the original on 20 November 2023 Retrieved 20 November 2023 Mpoke Bigg Matthew 20 November 2023 28 Premature Babies Evacuated From Gazan Hospital Arrive in Egypt New York Times Archived from the original on 22 November 2023 Retrieved 20 November 2023 Israel s Ludicrous Propaganda Wins Over the Only Audience That Counts The Nation 17 November 2023 Archived from the original on 23 November 2023 Retrieved 24 November 2023 Jones Marc Owen 15 November 2023 Israel s Comically Bad Disinfo Proves They re Losing the PR War The Daily Beast Archived from the original on 23 November 2023 Retrieved 24 November 2023 Video of nurse denouncing Hamas occupation of Gaza s Al Shifa Hospital is staged France 24 15 November 2023 Archived from the original on 25 November 2023 Retrieved 25 November 2023 Truth or Fake Al Shifa hospital Do images published by Israeli army show a Hamas tunnel France 24 21 November 2023 Archived from the original on 25 November 2023 Retrieved 25 November 2023 Information missteps have led to questions about Israel s credibility NBC News 18 November 2023 Archived from the original on 24 November 2023 Retrieved 24 November 2023 Israel s Raid on Al Shifa Questioned as IDF Fails to Present Hard Evidence Linking Hamas to Hospital Democracy Now 20 November 2023 Archived from the original on 25 November 2023 Retrieved 25 November 2023 Israeli propaganda on incubators hostage hideout backfires The New Arab 14 November 2023 Archived from the original on 14 November 2023 Retrieved 26 November 2023 Tanno Sophie Alkhshali Hamdi Liebermann Oren 20 November 2023 What we know about what Israel says it has found at Al Shifa CNN Retrieved 3 March 2024 Israel unveils what it claims is a major Hamas militant hideout beneath Gaza City s Shifa Hospital AP News 23 November 2023 Archived from the original on 4 December 2023 Retrieved 1 December 2023 Israel has not yet unveiled this purported center but the military portrayed the underground hideout as its most significant discovery yet Hamas and the hospital administration have denied Israel s accusations Gavrielov Nadav 23 November 2023 Israel Releases Videos It Says Show Hamas Tunnels Under Al Shifa Hospital The New York Times Archived from the original on 4 December 2023 Retrieved 1 December 2023 via NYTimes com The videos so far including those released on Wednesday 22 November have not shown conclusive evidence of a vast network of tunnels Dubai Dov Lieber in Tel Aviv and Omar Abdel Baqui in 22 November 2023 Inside Israel s Campaign to Prove a Gaza Hospital Was a Hamas Command Center WSJ Archived from the original on 5 December 2023 Retrieved 1 December 2023 While many security analysts agree the latest evidence Israel has released increasingly suggests a Hamas presence at the hospital most say they have yet to see something that constitutes a smoking gun showing it was a command center for Hamas as Israel has alleged Sabbagh Dan 23 November 2023 Israel arrests Gaza hospital director and bombs 300 targets amid truce delay The Guardian Archived from the original on 4 December 2023 Retrieved 1 December 2023 Israel has repeatedly claimed that Hamas ran a command and control centre from tunnels running near and under the hospital although so far the evidence presented has fallen short of that Secrets of the tunnels What lies beneath al Shifa hospital Sky News Archived from the original on 4 December 2023 Retrieved 2 December 2023 The Israeli army is continuing to search the site for evidence of Hamas s presence including the alleged command and control centre Vasilyeva Nataliya Barnes Joe 23 November 2023 Inside the tunnels beneath Gaza s Al Shifa hospital The Telegraph ISSN 0307 1235 Archived from the original on 24 November 2023 Retrieved 25 November 2023 While the footage does prove the existence of tunnels underneath the complex it remains unclear whether they formed part of a Hamas command centre as Israel claims https www amnesty org uk files 2023 11 Amnesty 20International 20briefing 20 20Israel 20Gaza 20crisis 2023 20Nov 202023 pdf VersionId 9Jp8TjIb5zEqygKLPfuzdAqh8USWQEfE Archived 3 December 2023 at the Wayback Machine Amnesty International has no evidence to indicate that al Shifa hospital has been used for anything other than treating patients during the current conflict in 2023 Amnesty International has so far not seen any credible evidence to support Israel s claim that al Shifa is housing a military command centre and indeed Israel has repeatedly failed to produce any evidence to substantiate this claim which it has promoted since at least the 2008 9 Operation Cast Lead Videos Show Exact Path of Hamas Tunnels Under Gaza s Al Shifa Hospital Haaretz Archived from the original on 27 November 2023 Retrieved 27 November 2023 a b c Deng Dov Lieber and Chao Israel s Campaign at Gaza s Al Shifa Hospital Reveals Gaps in Effort to Subdue Hamas WSJ Retrieved 8 April 2024 a b England Andrew Zilber Neri Israel raids Gaza s biggest hospital Financial Times Retrieved 20 March 2024 Gaza Health Ministry Stop this massacre in al Shifa Hospital Al Jazeera Retrieved 21 March 2024 One young man who managed to escape the hospital mere moments before the army invasion began said that there had indeed been hundreds of Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad affiliated employees in the hospital but none of them were military operatives They were workers in the Gaza government s civil branch including Civil Defense crews the police force the internal security services interior ministry employees and employees of other branches of the local government All of them had gathered to receive their governmental salaries at al Shifa given that it was one of the few remaining places that was supposed to be relatively safe from the fighting Tareq S Hajjaj Come out you animals how the massacre at al Shifa Hospital happened Mondoweiss 11 April 2024 About 30 000 people trapped inside al Shifa Ministry Al Jazeera Retrieved 21 March 2024 What we know about the Israeli attack on al Shifa Hospital Al Jazeera Retrieved 21 March 2024 SkyNews 19 March 2024 Footage filmed near the al Shifa hospital in Gaza shows people in distress following a raid by Israel Tweet via Twitter Fire breaks out at al Shifa amid Israeli bombing Report Al Jazeera Retrieved 21 March 2024 Israeli military orders residents around al Shifa Hospital to evacuate Al Jazeera Retrieved 21 March 2024 Mahmoud Hani Israeli army orders people to evacuate from al Shifa Hospital and its vicinity Al Jazeera Retrieved 21 March 2024 This might be my last video Palestinian journalist describes catastrophic situation at al Shifa Al Jazeera Retrieved 21 March 2024 Footage shows Palestinians fleeing al Shifa Al Jazeera Retrieved 21 March 2024 Israeli troops conduct precise operation at Gaza s al Shifa hospital Palestinian health ministry says it s impossible to rescue people due to fire Australian Broadcasting Commission 18 March 2024 Retrieved 18 March 2024 a b Fahim Kareem Harb Hajar El Chamaa Mohamad Berger Miriam Israeli raid on al Shifa Hospital deepens suffering in Gaza s north The Washington Post Retrieved 23 March 2024 Ismail al Ghoul gives interview on his detention by Israeli forces Al Jazeera Retrieved 20 March 2024 More on arrest of Al Jazeera reporter Al Jazeera Retrieved 21 March 2024 Israeli military bulldozer operates near al Shifa Hospital Al Jazeera Retrieved 20 March 2024 Israeli army destroys broadcasting vehicles in al Shifa Hospital Al Jazeera Retrieved 21 March 2024 Israel s raid on al Shifa Hospital displaces dozens of Palestinian families Al Jazeera Retrieved 21 March 2024 WHO chief says agency terribly worried after Israeli army storms al Shifa Hospital Al Jazeera Retrieved 21 March 2024 What happened when Israel pounded areas around al Shifa Hospital Al Jazeera Retrieved 22 March 2024 Knell Yolande Abualouf Rushdi New Gaza hospital raid shows Hamas is not a spent force BBC Retrieved 21 March 2024 Israeli military says 200 arrested at al Shifa Hospital Al Jazeera Retrieved 20 March 2024 Vinograd Cassandra 19 March 2024 Israel s Military Says Its Forces Are Still at Al Shifa Hospital Heavy fighting rages around Gaza s biggest hospital as Israel raids it for a second day AP News 19 March 2024 Retrieved 24 March 2024 Abu Azzoum Tareq Israeli raids across Gaza battles at al Shifa Hospital ongoing Al Jazeera Retrieved 22 March 2024 a b Lubell Maayan al Mughrabi Nidal Israeli military says it killed 90 gunmen at Gaza s Al Shifa hospital Reuters Retrieved 23 March 2024 Israeli army responsible for deaths of 13 patients at al Shifa Gaza media office Al Jazeera Retrieved 23 March 2024 Al Kahlout Moath Bodies of al Shifa evacuees still lying on the streets Al Jazeera Retrieved 23 March 2024 Mahmoud Hani Israel continues aggressive operations in and around al Shifa Hospital Al Jazeera Retrieved 23 March 2024 Israeli forces arrest another Al Jazeera journalist from al Shifa Hospital Al Jazeera Retrieved 23 March 2024 Medical staff recount arrests killings at al Shifa Hospital Al Jazeera Retrieved 23 March 2024 Displaced Palestinians detained in al Shifa Hospital siege We lived through great horror Al Jazeera Retrieved 23 March 2024 a b Salman Abeer Khader Al Za anoun Dahman Ibrahim Haq Sana Noor Khadder Kareem Izso Lauren Lister Tim Israeli military forced journalists and health workers to strip in Gaza hospital raid eyewitnesses say CNN Retrieved 24 March 2024 Attacks continue near al Shifa Hospital Al Jazeera Retrieved 24 March 2024 Gaza Civil Defense Israel refuses to allow access to wounded in Gaza City Al Jazeera Retrieved 23 March 2024 Palestinians displaced from al Shifa Hospital recount Israeli raid Al Jazeera Retrieved 23 March 2024 Video of burned child displaced from al Shifa fuels anger on social media Al Jazeera Retrieved 23 March 2024 Mpoke Bigg Matthew Yazbek Hiba Israel s Raid on Al Shifa Hospital Grows Into One of the Longest of Gaza War The New York Times Retrieved 24 March 2024 Kekatos Mary Israeli military warns Gazans to evacuate Al Shifa Hospital as raid continues ABC News Retrieved 7 April 2024 Al Shifa Hospital still under siege nearby buildings bombed Al Jazeera Retrieved 24 March 2024 Israeli army issues evacuation warning for al Shifa Hospital Al Jazeera Retrieved 24 March 2024 Israeli military blows up building at al Shifa Hospital Al Jazeera Retrieved 24 March 2024 New Gaza hospital raid shows Hamas is not a spent force 21 March 2024 Retrieved 24 March 2024 No supplies patients dying at al Shifa Hospital WHO chief Al Jazeera Retrieved 24 March 2024 CPJ urges Israel to free journalists detained in raid Committee to Protect Journalists Retrieved 24 March 2024 Media watchdog gravely concerned over detained journalists Al Jazeera Retrieved 24 March 2024 Israel demands surrender of people remaining inside al Shifa Hospital Al Jazeera Retrieved 24 March 2024 Israeli bulldozers attack al Shifa Hospital Al Jazeera Retrieved 24 March 2024 Israel torches al Shifa Hospital department Gaza Health Ministry Al Jazeera Retrieved 24 March 2024 US pushes for truce and hostage deal as Gaza war grinds on France24 AFP Retrieved 24 March 2024 Al Mughrabi Nidal Masoud Bassam 23 March 2024 Battles rage around Gaza s Al Shifa hospital Israel says 170 gunmen dead Reuters The Guardian 09 58 EDT Five of the injured Palestinians at al Shifa hospital have died says health ministry 23 March https www theguardian com world live 2024 mar 23 middle east crisis live israel says 170 gaza gunmen killed in hospital raid top of blog Five people trapped in al Shifa Hospital amid siege killed Ministry Al Jazeera Retrieved 25 March 2024 Zilber Neri Israel kills and detains hundreds in Gaza hospital raid Financial Times Retrieved 24 March 2024 Gutman Matt Zayara Samy Al Shifa Hospital raid one of the single largest operations in the war Israeli military sources ABC News Retrieved 25 March 2024 MSF Bombing and clashes continue near al Shifa Hospital Al Jazeera Retrieved 27 March 2024 Abu Tazzoum Tareq Situation really critical across Gaza Al Jazeera Retrieved 27 March 2024 Shurafa Wafaa Magdy Samy Palestinians describe bodies and ambulances crushed in Israel s ongoing raid at Gaza s main hospital Associated Press Retrieved 29 March 2024 IDF Hamas gunmen are destroying Shifa firing from emergency room maternity ward Israeli army detaining people in parts of al Shifa Hospital Health Ministry Al Jazeera Retrieved 30 March 2024 War zone near al Shifa Al Jazeera Retrieved 30 March 2024 Palestinian describes fleeing fighting around al Shifa Hospital Al Jazeera Retrieved 30 March 2024 Siege arrests continue in al Shifa for second week Al Jazeera Retrieved 31 March 2024 Gaza media office says Israeli army killed 200 civilians at al Shifa Hospital Al Jazeera Retrieved 2 April 2024 Gaza Civil Defence says 65 staff killed in al Shifa Hospital area Al Jazeera Retrieved 2 April 2024 Destruction near al Shifa Hospital leaves neighbourhood unrecognisable Al Jazeera Retrieved 2 April 2024 Israeli forces kill Palestinian journalist in al Shifa Hospital Al Jazeera Retrieved 2 April 2024 Gaza press office 400 killed during Israel s al Shifa Hospital siege Al Jazeera Retrieved 6 April 2024 WHO forced to delay another mission to al Shifa amid Israeli attacks Al Jazeera Retrieved 6 April 2024 Israel refuses to evacuate medical staff patients stuck inside al Shifa Hospital Al Jazeera Retrieved 6 April 2024 Knell Yolande Seddon Sean Gaza s al Shifa hospital in ruins after two week Israeli raid BBC Retrieved 6 April 2024 Israel withdraws from al Shifa hospital in Gaza www ft com Retrieved 8 April 2024 IDF ends Shifa Hospital raid says it killed 200 terror operatives arrested 500 more Bihler Dennis 31 March 2024 Weapons concealed at Al Shifa Hospital maternity ward IDF reveals Ynetnews Retrieved 8 April 2024 Ho Vivian Israeli forces withdraw from Gaza City s al Shifa hospital The Guardian Retrieved 6 April 2024 As Israel withdraws from raid on Shifa Hospital accounts from military and witnesses differ wildly AP News 1 April 2024 Retrieved 8 April 2024 Tetrault Farber Gabrielle Destruction of Gaza s Shifa Hospital rips heart out of health system WHO says Reuters Retrieved 10 April 2024 Hostilities in the Gaza Strip and Israel Flash Update 149 OCHA United Nations Retrieved 12 April 2024 Six months of war leave Al Shifa hospital in ruins WHO mission reports www who int Retrieved 9 April 2024 Batrawy Aya El Qattaa Omar Here s what we found after Israel s raid on Al Shifa Gaza s biggest hospital NPR Retrieved 6 April 2024 MSF Al Shifa Hospital in ruins after Israeli attack Al Jazeera Retrieved 8 April 2024 Hundreds of bodies lay strewn at al Shifa Hospital Report Al Jazeera Retrieved 8 April 2024 The smell of corpses filled the place Nurse recounts seige of al Shifa Hospital Al Jazeera Retrieved 9 April 2024 Hajjaj Tareq 11 April 2024 Come out you animals how the massacre at al Shifa Hospital happened Mondoweiss Retrieved 12 April 2024 Gaza authourities begin recovery operations at al Shifa Hospital Al Jazeera Retrieved 9 April 2024 There is no life here The aftermath of al Shifa Hospital siege Al Jazeera Retrieved 9 April 2024 Gone forever Footage shows burned ruins of al Shifa Hospital Al Jazeera Retrieved 10 April 2024 Khadder Kareem Saifi Zeena Fifteen more bodies recovered from Al Shifa hospital area after Israeli military s withdrawal CNN Retrieved 17 April 2024 a b Motamedi Umut Uras Maziar Israel tells UN it won t approve UNRWA food convoys to north Gaza Al Jazeera Retrieved 24 March 2024 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Middle East Eye Eyewitness says Israeli forces raped and killed women at al Shifa hospital 24 March 2024 https www youtube com watch v 3mN1SRUx0R8 amp ab channel MiddleEastEye Eyewitness Accuses Israel of Raping Women During Ongoing Al Shifa Raid Safaa Kasraoui Mar 24 2024 12 50 p m https www moroccoworldnews com 2024 03 361577 eyewitness accuses israel of raping women during ongoing al shifa raid Israel forces raped Palestinian women in Al Shifa witness The New Arab 09 55 am The New Arab Staff https www newarab com news gaza israel kills 19 another aid distribution massacre amp Al Jazeera takes down video falsely alleging IDF rapes in Shifa Hospital Many Palestinians executed extrajudicially at al Shifa Hospital Rights group Al Jazeera Retrieved 27 March 2024 Palestinian testimonies of Israeli executions at al Shifa Hospital Al Jazeera Retrieved 26 March 2024 Palestinian boy describes executions inside al Shifa Hospital Al Jazeera Retrieved 26 March 2024 Israeli military claims to kill 200 fighters during al Shifa Hospital siege Al Jazeera Retrieved 2 April 2024 Israel accused of executing 13 children near al Shifa in one week Al Jazeera Retrieved 2 April 2024 US expresses concern about footage of Israeli executions at al Shifa but slams Hamas Al Jazeera Retrieved 8 April 2024 Israeli forces executed multiple civilians at al Shifa Hospital says PRCS Al Jazeera Retrieved 8 April 2024 Presse AFP Agence France Fighting At Gaza s Al Shifa Hospital What We Know www barrons com Retrieved 21 March 2024 Gaza media office says Israeli troops tanks drones active at al Shifa Al Jazeera Retrieved 21 March 2024 Army uses Palestinians as human shields at al Shifa Hospital Right group Al Jazeera Retrieved 25 March 2024 Al Shifa Hospital siege Reports of atrocities committed by Israeli forces Al Jazeera Retrieved 10 April 2024 Palestinian health minister accuses Israel of crimes against humanity at al Shifa Hospital Al Jazeera Archived from the original on 23 December 2023 Retrieved 15 November 2023 Netanyahu rebukes Trudeau after Canadian PM urges Israel to use maximum restraint in Gaza war CityNews Calgary calgary citynews ca Archived from the original on 16 November 2023 Retrieved 17 November 2023 Friedman Lisa 13 November 2023 Biden calls for less intrusive action around Gaza s battered hospitals The New York Times Archived from the original on 15 November 2023 Retrieved 15 November 2023 Jeet Heer 17 November 2023 Israel s Ludicrous Propaganda Wins Over the Only Audience That Counts The Nation Archived from the original on 19 November 2023 Retrieved 19 November 2023 Netanyahu slams Canada s Trudeau for saying killing of women children has to stop Al Jazeera Archived from the original on 23 December 2023 Retrieved 15 November 2023 Khadder Kareem 15 November 2023 Jordan condemns Israel s operation in Al Shifa hospital in Gaz CNN Archived from the original on 15 November 2023 Retrieved 15 November 2023 Qatar Calls For International Probe Into Israeli Raids On Gaza Hospitals Barron s Agence France Presse Archived from the original on 15 November 2023 Retrieved 15 November 2023 Saudi Arabia condemns Israeli storming of al Shifa Hospital Al Jazeera Archived from the original on 23 December 2023 Retrieved 16 November 2023 Israeli claims about al Shifa Hospital unverifiable Analyst Al Jazeera Archived from the original on 23 December 2023 Retrieved 17 November 2023 Reason to question US Israeli intelligence on Gaza after October 7 attacks Analyst Al Jazeera Archived from the original on 23 December 2023 Retrieved 17 November 2023 Israel s al Shifa raid pure bullying professor says Al Jazeera Archived from the original on 23 December 2023 Retrieved 17 November 2023 Israel has long history of targeting medical facilities Journalist Al Jazeera Archived from the original on 23 December 2023 Retrieved 15 November 2023 Analyst ridicules Israeli claim al Shifa is a Hamas command centre Al Jazeera Archived from the original on 23 December 2023 Retrieved 15 November 2023 Israel still can t find the evidence to back its al Shifa Hospital claims Al Jazeera Archived from the original on 23 December 2023 Retrieved 17 November 2023 Eric Schmitt Ronen Bergman and Adam Goldman Is Israel s Military Strategy to Eradicate Hamas Working Archived 28 November 2023 at the Wayback Machine New York Times 18 November 2023 Loveluck Louisa Hill Evan Jonathan Baran Jarrett Ley Nakashima Ellen The case of al Shifa Investigating the assault on Gaza s largest hospital The Washington Post Archived from the original on 21 December 2023 Retrieved 21 December 2023 Slawson Nicola 13 November 2023 First Thing al Shifa hospital in Gaza no longer functioning says WHO The Guardian Archived from the original on 13 November 2023 Retrieved 13 November 2023 Ambulances patients struck near Gazas Al Shifa hospital Doctors Without Borders Anews Archived from the original on 13 November 2023 Retrieved 13 November 2023 Without safety nothing is possible IFRC spokesperson Al Jazeera Archived from the original on 23 December 2023 Retrieved 15 November 2023 a b Hadi Suad Aswad Layla Shami Samir Israel is bombing hospitals in Gaza with Israeli doctors approval Al Jazeera Archived from the original on 13 November 2023 Retrieved 13 November 2023 Israeli doctors group calls for bombing Al Shifa Hospital in Gaza anews Archived from the original on 13 November 2023 Retrieved 13 November 2023 Israel Palestine war 100 Israeli doctors call for Gaza hospitals to be bombed Middle East Eye 5 November 2023 Archived from the original on 9 November 2023 Retrieved 15 November 2023 US al Shifa hospital allegations seek to save face Peace advocate Al Jazeera Archived from the original on 23 December 2023 Retrieved 15 November 2023 External linksInteractive analysis of Israeli attacks on Al Shifa Hospital per Forensic Architecture Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Al Shifa Hospital siege amp oldid 1220421748, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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