2024 United States Senate elections

The 2024 United States Senate elections are scheduled to be held on November 5, 2024, as part of the 2024 United States elections. 33 of the 100 seats in the U.S. Senate will be contested in regular elections, the winners of which will serve six-year terms in the U.S. Congress from January 3, 2025, to January 3, 2031, and one special election will be held to complete an unexpired term ending January 3, 2027. Senators are divided into three classes whose terms are staggered so that a different class is elected every two years. Class 1 senators, who were last elected in 2018, will be up for election again in 2024. Numerous other federal, state, and local elections, including the U.S. presidential election and elections to the House, will also be held on this date.

2024 United States Senate elections

← 2022 November 5, 2024 2026 →
34 of the 100 seats in the United States Senate 51 seats needed for a majority
Leader Chuck Schumer Mitch McConnell Party Democratic Republican Current seats 48^[a] 49 Seats needed 2^[b] Seats up 20 11   Party Independent Current seats 3^[a] Seats up 3
Map of the incumbents:      Democratic incumbent      Democratic incumbent retiring      Republican incumbent      Republican incumbent retiring      Independent incumbent      No election Rectangular inset (Nebraska): both seats up for election
Incumbent Majority Leader Chuck Schumer Democratic

As of January 2023, 17 senators (thirteen Democrats and four Republicans) have announced plans to run for re-election. One Republican, Mike Braun, and one Democrat, Debbie Stabenow, have announced an intention to retire.^[2][3] Another Republican, Ben Sasse, resigned early to accept a position as president of the University of Florida; the governor of Nebraska appointed Pete Ricketts as the state's interim senator and a special election will take place concurrently with the 2024 regular Senate elections to fill the seat for the remainder of the term.^[4]

The map for these elections, like in the previous Class 1 Senate election in 2018, is considered by elections analysts to be unfavorable to Democrats, who will be defending 23 of the 33 seats of Class 1.^[5] Three Democrats in this class represent states won by Donald Trump in both 2016 and 2020 (Montana, Ohio, and West Virginia), while no Republicans represent states won by Joe Biden in 2020. Further, Democrats are defending seats in six states that Biden won by a single-digit margin (Wisconsin, Pennsylvania, Nevada, Michigan, Minnesota, and Maine) while Republicans are defending only two seats in states that Trump won by a single-digit margin (Florida and Texas). Additionally, Kyrsten Sinema's first term is ending in Arizona, a state that Biden won by less than a quarter of a point in 2020; at the end of the 117th Congress, Sinema left the Democratic Party and became an independent, and it is currently unclear whether national Democrats will support her re-election campaign, if she chooses to run, or back a Democrat.^[6] In the two previous Senate election cycles that coincided with presidential elections (2016 and 2020), only one senator (Republican Susan Collins of Maine in 2020) was elected in a state that was won by the presidential nominee of the opposite party.^[7]

Partisan composition

All 33 Class 1 Senate seats and one Class 2 seat are up for election in 2024; Class 1 currently consists of 20 Democrats, 3 independents who caucus with the Senate Democrats, and 10 Republicans. If another vacancy occurs in other Class 2 or Class 3 Senate seats, that state might require a special election to take place during the 118th Congress, possibly concurrently with the other 2024 Senate elections.

Change in composition

Each block represents one of the one hundred seats in the U.S. Senate. "D#" is a Democratic/active senator, "I#" is an Independent senator, and "R#" is a Republican/active senator. They are arranged so that the parties are separated, and a majority is clear by crossing the middle.

Before the elections

Each block indicates an incumbent senator's actions going into the election.

D1	D2	D3	D4	D5	D6	D7	D8	D9	D10
D20	D19	D18	D17	D16	D15	D14	D13	D12	D11
D21	D22	D23	D24	D25	D26	D27	D28	D29 Calif. Undeclared	D30 Conn. Running
D40 N.M. Running	D39 N.J. Running	D38 Nev. Running	D37 Mont. Undeclared	D36 Minn. Running	D35 Mich. Retiring	D34 Mass. Running	D33 Md. Undeclared	D32 Hawaii Running	D31 Del. Undeclared
D41 N.Y. Running	D42 Ohio Running	D43 Pa. Running	D44 R.I. Undeclared	D45 Va. Running	D46 Wash. Running	D47 W.Va. Undeclared	D48 Wis. Running	I1 Ariz. Undeclared	I2 Maine Running
Majority (with Independents) ↑
R41 Miss. Running	R42 Mo. Running	R43 Neb. (reg) Running	R44 Neb. (sp) Running	R45 N.D. Undeclared	R46 Tenn. Undeclared	R47 Texas Running	R48 Utah Undeclared	R49 Wyo. Undeclared	I3 Vt. Undeclared
R40 Ind. Retiring	R39 Fla. Running	R38	R37	R36	R35	R34	R33	R32	R31
R21	R22	R23	R24	R25	R26	R27	R28	R29	R30
R20	R19	R18	R17	R16	R15	R14	R13	R12	R11
R1	R2	R3	R4	R5	R6	R7	R8	R9	R10

After the elections

D1	D2	D3	D4	D5	D6	D7	D8	D9	D10
D20	D19	D18	D17	D16	D15	D14	D13	D12	D11
D21	D22	D23	D24	D25	D26	D27	D28	Ariz. TBD	Calif. TBD
Minn. TBD	Mich. TBD	Mass. TBD	Md. TBD	Maine TBD	Ind. TBD	Hawaii TBD	Fla. TBD	Del. TBD	Conn. TBD
Mont. TBD	Miss. TBD	Mo. TBD	N.D. TBD	Neb. (reg) TBD	Neb. (sp) TBD	Nev. TBD	N.J. TBD	N.M. TBD	N.Y. TBD
Majority TBD →
W.Va. TBD	Wash. TBD	Va. TBD	Vt. TBD	Utah TBD	Texas TBD	Tenn. TBD	R.I. TBD	Pa. TBD	Ohio TBD
Wis. TBD	Wyo. TBD	R38	R37	R36	R35	R34	R33	R32	R31
R21	R22	R23	R24	R25	R26	R27	R28	R29	R30
R20	R19	R18	R17	R16	R15	R14	R13	R12	R11
R1	R2	R3	R4	R5	R6	R7	R8	R9	R10

Key	D# Democratic R# Republican I# Independent, caucusing with Democrats

Predictions

Several sites and individuals published predictions of competitive seats. These predictions looked at factors such as the strength of the incumbent (if the incumbent was running for reelection) and the other candidates, and the state's partisan lean (reflected in part by the state's Cook Partisan Voting Index rating). The predictions assigned ratings to each seat, indicating the predicted advantage that a party had in winning that seat. Most election predictors used:

• "tossup": no advantage
• "tilt" (used by some predictors): advantage that is not quite as strong as "lean"
• "lean" or "leans": slight advantage
• "likely": significant, but surmountable, advantage
• "safe" or "solid": near-certain chance of victory

Constituency		Incumbent		Ratings
State	PVI^[8]	Senator	Last election^[c]	Cook January 24, 2023^[9]	IE January 6, 2023^[10]	Sabato January 24, 2023^[11]
Arizona	R+2	Kyrsten Sinema	50.0% D	Tossup	Battleground	Tossup
California	D+13	Dianne Feinstein	54.2% D^[d]	Solid D	Solid D	Safe D
Connecticut	D+7	Chris Murphy	59.5% D	Solid D	Solid D	Safe D
Delaware	D+7	Tom Carper	60.0% D	Solid D	Solid D	Safe D
Florida	R+3	Rick Scott	50.1% R	Likely R	Solid R	Likely R
Hawaii	D+14	Mazie Hirono	71.2% D	Solid D	Solid D	Safe D
Indiana	R+11	Mike Braun (retiring)	50.7% R	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R
Maine	D+2	Angus King	54.3% I	Solid D/I	Solid D/I	Likely D/I
Maryland	D+14	Ben Cardin	64.9% D	Solid D	Solid D	Safe D
Massachusetts	D+15	Elizabeth Warren	60.3% D	Solid D	Solid D	Safe D
Michigan	R+1	Debbie Stabenow (retiring)	52.3% D	Lean D	Battleground	Lean D
Minnesota	D+1	Amy Klobuchar	60.3% D	Solid D	Solid D	Safe D
Mississippi	R+11	Roger Wicker	58.5% R	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R
Missouri	R+10	Josh Hawley	51.4% R	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R
Montana	R+11	Jon Tester	50.3% D	Lean D	Battleground	Tossup
Nebraska (regular)	R+13	Deb Fischer	57.7% R	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R
Nebraska (special)	R+13	Pete Ricketts	Appointed (2023)^[e]	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R
Nevada	R+1	Jacky Rosen	50.4% D	Lean D	Battleground	Lean D
New Jersey	D+6	Bob Menendez	54.0% D	Solid D	Solid D	Safe D
New Mexico	D+3	Martin Heinrich	54.1% D	Solid D	Solid D	Safe D
New York	D+10	Kirsten Gillibrand	67.0% D	Solid D	Solid D	Safe D
North Dakota	R+20	Kevin Cramer	55.1% R	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R
Ohio	R+6	Sherrod Brown	53.4% D	Tossup	Battleground	Tossup
Pennsylvania	R+2	Bob Casey Jr.	55.7% D	Lean D	Battleground	Likely D
Rhode Island	D+8	Sheldon Whitehouse	61.4% D	Solid D	Solid D	Safe D
Tennessee	R+14	Marsha Blackburn	54.7% R	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R
Texas	R+5	Ted Cruz	50.9% R	Solid R	Solid R	Likely R
Utah	R+13	Mitt Romney	62.6% R	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R
Vermont	D+16	Bernie Sanders	67.4% I	Solid D/I	Solid D/I	Safe D/I
Virginia	D+3	Tim Kaine	57.0% D	Solid D	Battleground	Safe D
Washington	D+8	Maria Cantwell	58.3% D	Solid D	Solid D	Safe D
West Virginia	R+22	Joe Manchin	49.6% D	Tossup	Battleground	Lean R (flip)
Wisconsin	R+2	Tammy Baldwin	55.4% D	Lean D	Battleground	Lean D
Wyoming	R+25	John Barrasso	67.0% R	Solid R	Solid R	Safe R
Overall^[f]				D - 48 R - 49 3 Tossups	D - 42 R - 49 9 battlegrounds	D - 47 R - 50 3 Tossups

Retirements

As of January 2023, two senators have announced plans to retire.

State	Senator	Ref
Indiana	Mike Braun	^[2]
Michigan	Debbie Stabenow	^[3]

Race summary

Special elections during the preceding Congress

In each special election, the winner's term begins immediately after their election is certified by their state's government.

Elections are sorted by date then state.

State (linked to summaries below)	Incumbent			Status	Candidates
	Senator	Party	Electoral history
Nebraska (Class 2)	Pete Ricketts^[g]	Republican	2023 (Appointed)	Interim appointee running	▌Pete Ricketts (Republican)^[12]

Elections leading to the next Congress

In these general elections, the winners will be elected for the term beginning January 3, 2025.

State (linked to summaries below)	Incumbent				Results	Candidates
	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Last race
Arizona	Kyrsten Sinema	Independent	2018^[h]	50.0% D	Incumbent's intent unknown	▌Ruben Gallego (Democratic)^[13]
California	Dianne Feinstein	Democratic	1992 (Special) 1994 2000 2006 2012 2018	54.2% D^[d]	Incumbent's intent unknown	▌Denice Gary-Pandol (Republican)^[14] ▌Peter Liu (Republican)^[15] ▌Barack Mandela (Republican)^[16] ▌Katie Porter (Democratic)^[17] ▌Adam Schiff (Democratic) ^[18]
Connecticut	Chris Murphy	Democratic	2012 2018	59.5% D	Incumbent running	▌Chris Murphy (Democratic)^[19]
Delaware	Tom Carper	Democratic	2000 2006 2012 2018	60.0% D	Incumbent's intent unknown	TBD
Florida	Rick Scott	Republican	2018	50.1% R	Incumbent running	▌Rick Scott (Republican)^[20]
Hawaii	Mazie Hirono	Democratic	2012 2018	71.2% D	Incumbent running	▌Mazie Hirono (Democratic)^[19]
Indiana	Mike Braun	Republican	2018	50.7% R	Incumbent retiring to run for governor of Indiana^[2]	▌Jim Banks (Republican)^[21]
Maine	Angus King	Independent	2012 2018	54.3% I	Incumbent running	▌Angus King (Independent)^[22]
Maryland	Ben Cardin	Democratic	2006 2012 2018	64.9% D	Incumbent's intent unknown	TBD
Massachusetts	Elizabeth Warren	Democratic	2012 2018	60.3% D	Incumbent running	▌Elizabeth Warren (Democratic)^[23]
Michigan	Debbie Stabenow	Democratic	2000 2006 2012 2018	52.3% D	Incumbent retiring^[3]	TBD
Minnesota	Amy Klobuchar	Democratic	2006 2012 2018	60.3% D	Incumbent running	▌Amy Klobuchar (Democratic)^[19]
Mississippi	Roger Wicker	Republican	2007 (Appointed) 2008 (Special) 2012 2018	58.5% R	Incumbent running	▌Ty Pinkins (Democratic)^[24] ▌Roger Wicker (Republican)^[25]
Missouri	Josh Hawley	Republican	2018	51.4% R	Incumbent running	▌December Harmon (Democratic)^[26] ▌Josh Hawley (Republican)^[27] ▌Lucas Kunce (Democratic)^[28]
Montana	Jon Tester	Democratic	2006 2012 2018	50.3% D	Incumbent's intent unknown	TBD
Nebraska	Deb Fischer	Republican	2012 2018	57.7% R	Incumbent running	▌Deb Fischer (Republican)^[29] ▌Alisha Shelton (Democratic)^[30]
Nevada	Jacky Rosen	Democratic	2018	50.4% D	Incumbent running	▌Jacky Rosen (Democratic)^[19]
New Jersey	Bob Menendez	Democratic	2006 (Appointed) 2006 2012 2018	54.0% D	Incumbent running	▌Bob Menendez (Democratic)^[31]
New Mexico	Martin Heinrich	Democratic	2012 2018	54.1% D	Incumbent running	▌Martin Heinrich (Democratic)^[19]
New York	Kirsten Gillibrand	Democratic	2009 (Appointed) 2010 (Special) 2012 2018	67.0% D	Incumbent running	▌Kirsten Gillibrand (Democratic)^[19]
North Dakota	Kevin Cramer	Republican	2018	55.1% R	Incumbent's intent unknown	TBD
Ohio	Sherrod Brown	Democratic	2006 2012 2018	53.4% D	Incumbent running	▌Sherrod Brown (Democratic)^[32] ▌Matt Dolan (Republican)^[33]
Pennsylvania	Bob Casey Jr.	Democratic	2006 2012 2018	55.7% D	Incumbent running	▌Bob Casey Jr. (Democratic)^[19]
Rhode Island	Sheldon Whitehouse	Democratic	2006 2012 2018	61.4% D	Incumbent's intent unknown	TBD
Tennessee	Marsha Blackburn	Republican	2018	54.7% R	Incumbent's intent unknown	TBD
Texas	Ted Cruz	Republican	2012 2018	50.9% R	Incumbent running	▌Ted Cruz (Republican)^[34] ▌John Love III (Democratic)^[35]
Utah	Mitt Romney	Republican	2018	62.6% R	Incumbent's intent unknown	TBD
Vermont	Bernie Sanders	Independent	2006 2012 2018	67.4% I	Incumbent's intent unknown	TBD
Virginia	Tim Kaine	Democratic	2012 2018	57.0% D	Incumbent running	▌Jonathan Emord (Republican)^[36] ▌Tim Kaine (Democratic)^[19]
Washington	Maria Cantwell	Democratic	2000 2006 2012 2018	58.3% D	Incumbent running	▌Maria Cantwell (Democratic)^[19]
West Virginia	Joe Manchin	Democratic	2010 (Special) 2012 2018	49.6% D	Incumbent's intent unknown	▌Alex Mooney (Republican)^[37] ▌Chris Rose (Republican)^[38]
Wisconsin	Tammy Baldwin	Democratic	2012 2018	55.4% D	Incumbent running	▌Tammy Baldwin (Democratic)^[19]
Wyoming	John Barrasso	Republican	2007 (Appointed) 2008 (Special) 2012 2018	67.0% R	Incumbent's intent unknown	TBD

Arizona

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Arizona

See also: List of United States senators from Arizona

One-term independent Kyrsten Sinema was elected in 2018 as a Democrat with 50.0% of the vote. She left the Democratic Party in December 2022.^[39] She has filed paperwork to run for a second term, but has not made an official announcement.^[40]

Due to Sinema's opposition to some of President Joe Biden's agenda, she is considered vulnerable to challengers from the Democratic Party,^[41] with U.S. representative Ruben Gallego running for the Democratic nomination.^[42][43]

2022 gubernatorial nominee Kari Lake and 2022 Senate nominee Blake Masters are considering running for the Republican nomination.^[44]

California

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in California

See also: List of United States senators from California

Five-term Democrat Dianne Feinstein was re-elected in 2018 with 54.2% of the vote. Despite being 91 in 2024, Feinstein has filed paperwork to run. Feinstein's staff later clarified that this was due to election law technicalities; it was not indicative of her intentions in 2024.^[45]

Should Feinstein decide to retire, Barbara Lee and Ro Khanna have been speculated upon as possible candidates.^{[46][47][48][49]}

On January 10, 2023, U.S. representative Katie Porter became the first candidate to declare a primary challenge for the seat.^[17] The following day, Lee told lawmakers that she was also running, though she has not made an official announcement or decision.^[50]

On January 26, 2023, U.S. representative Adam Schiff became the second candidate to declare a primary challenge for the seat.^[51]

Connecticut

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Connecticut

See also: List of United States senators from Connecticut

Two-term Democrat Chris Murphy was re-elected in 2018 with 59.5% of the vote. Murphy plans to run for a third term.^[19]

Delaware

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Delaware

See also: List of United States senators from Delaware

Four-term Democrat Tom Carper was re-elected in 2018 with 60.0% of the vote. During the Democratic primary of that race, Carper implied that he might not seek re-election in 2024, and, when asked about it, said, "This may be the last time."^[52] He has said "the options are wide open" on whether he runs again.^[5]

Florida

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Florida

See also: List of United States senators from Florida

Former governor and incumbent one-term Republican Rick Scott was elected in 2018 with 50.06% of the vote. He is running for reelection to a second term.^[20]

State prosecutor and Republican Keith Gross is expected to announce a primary challenge against the narrowly elected incumbent.^[53]

Hawaii

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Hawaii

See also: List of United States senators from Hawaii

Two-term Democrat Mazie Hirono was re-elected in 2018 with 71.2% of the vote. Hirono is running for a third term.^[19]

Indiana

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Indiana

See also: List of United States senators from Indiana

One-term Republican Mike Braun was elected in 2018 with 50.8% of the vote. Braun is retiring to prepare to run for Governor of Indiana instead.^[2] U.S. representative Jim Banks is running,^[54] while fellow representative Victoria Spartz, former representative Trey Hollingsworth, as well as Indiana attorney general and 2018 Senate candidate Todd Rokita are all seen as potential candidates for the Republican nomination to succeed Braun.^[55][56]

Maine

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Maine

See also: List of United States senators from Maine

Two-term Independent incumbent Angus King was re-elected in 2018 with 54.3% of the vote. He intends to run for a third-term despite previously hinting that he may retire.^[22]

Maryland

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Maryland

See also: List of United States senators from Maryland

Three-term Democrat Ben Cardin was re-elected in 2018 with 64.9% of the vote. Should Cardin retire, U.S. representatives Jamie Raskin and David Trone, and Prince George's County executive Angela Alsobrooks are seen as potential candidates in the Democratic primary.^[57]

Massachusetts

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Massachusetts

See also: List of United States senators from Massachusetts

Two-term Democrat Elizabeth Warren was re-elected in 2018 with 60.3% of the vote. On May 8, 2021, Warren confirmed that she plans to run for a third term.^[23]

Michigan

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Michigan

See also: List of United States senators from Michigan

Four-term Democrat Debbie Stabenow was re-elected in 2018 with 52.3% of the vote. She is retiring, and will not run for a fifth term.^[3]

Minnesota

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Minnesota

See also: List of United States senators from Minnesota

Three-term Democrat Amy Klobuchar was re-elected in 2018 with 60.3% of the vote. She has announced her intent to run for a fourth term.^[19]

Mississippi

See also: List of United States senators from Mississippi

Two-term Republican Roger Wicker was re-elected in 2018 with 58.5% of the vote. Democrat Ty Pinkins is running against Wicker.^[25]

Missouri

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Missouri

See also: List of United States senators from Missouri

One-term Republican Josh Hawley was elected in 2018 with 51.4% of the vote. He is running for re-election.^[27] Democrat and former Marine Lucas Kunce, who ran for Missouri's open Senate seat in 2022, has announced he is running again.^[28]

Montana

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Montana

See also: List of United States senators from Montana

Three-term Democrat Jon Tester was re-elected in 2018 with 50.3% of the vote. Tester has stated he is "undecided" on whether to seek re-election and a decision is expected by April.^[58]

Nebraska

See also: List of United States senators from Nebraska

There will be two elections in Nebraska, due to the resignation of Ben Sasse.

Nebraska (regular)

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Nebraska

Two-term Republican Deb Fischer was re-elected in 2018 with 57.7% of the vote. On May 14, 2021, Fischer announced she intends to seek re-election, despite previously declaring an intention to retire.^[29]

Democrat Alisha Shelton, a mental health practitioner from Omaha, plans to challenge Fischer.^[30]

Nebraska (special)

Main article: 2024 United States Senate special election in Nebraska

Two-term Republican Ben Sasse resigned his seat on January 8, 2023, to become President of the University of Florida.^[59][4] Former governor and 2006 Senate nominee Pete Ricketts was appointed by Governor Jim Pillen and a special election for the seat will take place concurrently with the 2024 regular Senate elections.

Nevada

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Nevada

See also: List of United States senators from Nevada

One-term Democrat Jacky Rosen was elected in 2018 with 50.4% of the vote. Rosen is running for a second term.^[19]

New Jersey

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in New Jersey

See also: List of United States senators from New Jersey

Three-term Democrat Bob Menendez was re-elected in 2018 with 54.0% of the vote. On July 13, 2021, The New Jersey Globe stated that Menendez plans to run for a fourth term.^[31]

New Mexico

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in New Mexico

See also: List of United States senators from New Mexico

Two-term Democrat Martin Heinrich was re-elected in 2018 with 54.1% of the vote. Heinrich has announced his intent to run for a third term.^[19]

New York

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in New York

See also: List of United States senators from New York

Two-term Democrat Kirsten Gillibrand was re-elected in 2018 with 67.0% of the vote. Gillibrand is running for a third full term.^[60]

North Dakota

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in North Dakota

See also: List of United States senators from North Dakota

One-term Republican Kevin Cramer was elected in 2018 with 55.1% of the vote.

Democrat Kristin Hedger, a businesswoman and nominee for North Dakota secretary of state in 2006 has filed paperwork to run for this seat.^[61]

Ohio

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Ohio

See also: List of United States senators from Ohio

Three-term Democrat Sherrod Brown was re-elected in 2018 with 53.4% of the vote. Brown is running for a fourth term.^[32]

Republican State Senator Matt Dolan has announced his candidacy,^[62] and Ohio secretary of state Frank LaRose is considered another potential challenger to Brown.^[63]

Pennsylvania

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania

See also: List of United States senators from Pennsylvania

Three-term Democrat Bob Casey, Jr., was re-elected in 2018 with 55.7% of the vote. Casey has announced his intention to run for a fourth term.^[19]

Republican businessman and candidate for U.S. Senate in 2022 David McCormick has expressed interest in challenging Casey.^[64]

Rhode Island

See also: List of United States senators from Rhode Island

Three-term Democrat Sheldon Whitehouse was re-elected in 2018 with 61.4% of the vote.

Tennessee

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Tennessee

See also: List of United States senators from Tennessee

One-term Republican Marsha Blackburn was elected in 2018 with 54.7% of the vote.

Texas

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Texas

See also: List of United States senators from Texas

Two-term Republican Ted Cruz was re-elected in 2018 with 50.9% of the vote. Cruz is running for a third-term despite advocating for congressional term limits. He has also expressed interest in running for president in 2024.^[65]

Democratic U.S. representative Joaquin Castro and his twin brother Julian Castro, former San Antonio mayor, former United States secretary of housing and urban development and 2020 presidential candidate, are considered potential frontrunners for the Democratic nomination.^[66]

Utah

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Utah

See also: List of United States senators from Utah

One-term Republican Mitt Romney was elected in 2018 with 62.6% of the vote. Romney has expressed uncertainty over his political future following his votes to convict Trump on impeachment.^[67] Utah attorney general Sean Reyes has expressed interest in challenging Romney in the Republican primary.^[68]

Former U.S. representative Jason Chaffetz is also seen as a potential primary challenger.^[67]

Vermont

See also: List of United States senators from Vermont

Three-term independent Bernie Sanders was re-elected in 2018 with 67.4% of the vote.

Potential Democratic candidates include former Vermont attorney general, T. J. Donovan,^[69] and incumbent Vermont lieutenant governor, David Zuckerman,^[70] a Progressive.^[71]

Virginia

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Virginia

See also: List of United States senators from Virginia

Two-term Democrat Tim Kaine was re-elected in 2018 with 57.0% of the vote. Republican governor Glenn Youngkin is term-limited in 2025 and may run against Kaine.^[72]

Washington

See also: List of United States senators from Washington

Four-term Democrat Maria Cantwell was re-elected in 2018 with 58.3% of the vote. She has announced her intent to run for a fifth term.^[19]

West Virginia

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in West Virginia

See also: List of United States senators from West Virginia

Two-term Democrat Joe Manchin was re-elected in 2018 with 49.6% of the vote. There have been reports that Manchin plans to run for a third full term.^[73] However, on October 5, 2022, Manchin said, "What I do in 2024 has nothing to do with what I do right now," and was watching the 2022 elections before making a decision.^[19]

Republican congressman Alex Mooney has announced he is challenging Manchin, while governor Jim Justice and attorney general Patrick Morrisey have publicly expressed interest in entering the race.^[37]

Manchin has received cross-party endorsements from fellow senators Susan Collins (R-ME) and Lisa Murkowski (R-AK).^[74]

Wisconsin

Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Wisconsin

See also: List of United States senators from Wisconsin

Two-term Democrat Tammy Baldwin was re-elected in 2018 with 55.4% of the vote. She has announced her intention to run for a third term.^[19]

Wyoming

See also: List of United States senators from Wyoming

Two-term Republican John Barrasso was re-elected in 2018 with 67.0% of the vote.

Notes

1. The independent senators Bernie Sanders (Vermont) and Angus King (Maine) caucus with Senate Democrats, while Kyrsten Sinema (Arizona) aligns with the Senate Democratic Caucus.^[1]
2. The U.S. Vice President, who will be determined in 2024, breaks ties in a 50–50 Senate. Republicans need 50 seats if they win the vice presidency or 51 if they do not.
3. The last elections for this group of senators were in 2018, except for those elected in a special election or who were appointed after the resignation or passing of a sitting senator, as noted.
4. Against fellow Democrat
5. Republican Ben Sasse won with 62.7% of the vote in 2020, but resigned January 8, 2023, to become president of the University of Florida.
6. Democratic total includes 3 Independents who caucus with the Democrats.
7. Incumbent Ben Sasse resigned on January 8, 2023. Pete Ricketts was appointed as interim senator by Nebraska governor Jim Pillen on January 12, 2023, until a special election is held to fill the remainder of the term.
8. Sinema was elected as a Democrat and switched to become an independent in December 2022.

References

1. 2023 Congressional Record, Vol. 169, Page S22 (January 3, 2023)
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