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2021 Semeru eruption

April 10, 2024

An eruption of Mount Semeru, a volcano in East Java province of the Indonesian island of Java, began on 4 December 2021. The eruption began after heavy precipitation caused the collapse of the lava dome at the summit. Pyroclastic flows and lahars damaged at least 5,205 homes and several public buildings. At least 69 people died,[3] 104 more were injured, while more than five remain missing.[4][5][6][7]

2021 Semeru eruption
A village partially buried by volcanic ash.
VolcanoSemeru
Start date4 December 2021
End date6 December 2021
LocationEast Java, Java, Indonesia
08°06′28″S 112°55′19″E / 8.10778°S 112.92194°E / -8.10778; 112.92194
VEI4[1]
Deaths69 dead, 104 injured,[2] >5 missing, 10,655 displaced
Semeru location in East Java Province

Background edit

 
Semeru in May 2021

Semeru is one of more than 100 active volcanoes in Indonesia.[8][9] At 3,676 meters in elevation, it is the highest volcano on the island. The volcano is part of a chain of volcanic mountains stretching from northern Sumatra to the Lesser Sunda Islands. Volcanism in Indonesia is mainly associated with the offshore subduction of the Australian Plate beneath the Sunda Plate. The oldest record of an eruption was from 1818. Since then, major eruptions have occurred in 1941, 1942, 1945, 1946, 1947, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955–1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1977, and 1978–1989.[10] A minor eruption occurred in January 2021 with no casualties reported.[11] The 4 December eruption was the latest in a series of explosive eruptions on the volcano since 2014. Recent eruptions on the volcano have been accompanied by pyroclastic flows, eruption columns, and debris avalanches.[12]

Past events edit

Semeru's deadliest eruption occurred on 29 August 1909 when pyroclastic flows and lava destroyed 38 settlements and 600-800 hectares of farmland. That eruption claimed 208 lives. Since then, most of the volcano's eruptive activity have been confined to minor strombolian eruptions. An eruption in 1994 caused the deaths of three people.[13]

In May 1981, heavy rains caused the crater lake at the summit of the volcano to overflow, triggering a flash flood. Approximately 26 villages in six sub-districts were severely impacted by the floods. The official death toll from the floods totaled 251 according to government statistics. A further 120 people were lost and 152 were injured.[14]

Eruption edit

 
Villagers in Lumajang evacuating to a safe distance from the volcano.

The eruption was thought to have begun when a lava dome at the summit crater collapsed due to intense precipitation. A volcanologist at the Bandung Institute of Technology said the eruption debris flow was an accumulation of material from past eruptions. Heavy rainfall eroded volcanic material on the summit, destabilizing the lava dome.[15] The collapsed dome triggered a series of pyroclastic flows that traveled down the slopes of the volcano.[16] According to a report from the geological department of the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, the plume height may have been as great as 45 km, although there are claims the height was only 11 km. Investigations are ongoing to determine the plume height.[17] Between 5 and 9 December, eight pyroclastic flows traveled 3 km or more from the peak. The flows traveled in a southeast direction.[18]

Timeline edit

Date Description
4 December The eruption began at 14:50 local time, ejecting a cloud of volcanic ash 40,000 feet (12,000 m) into the air.[19] The collapse of the unstable lava dome due to heavy rainfall has been suggested as a proximate cause. Three smaller eruptions followed within a 24-hour period after the large initial eruption.[17]
5 December At least two pyroclasitc flows occurred at 05:13 and 10:00 local time.[20] These flows were much smaller than the ones on 4 December, hence did not travel far from the crater.
6 December A smaller eruption occurred on the morning, at 07:18 local time. The eruption triggered pyroclastic flows and lava flows that travelled 2.5 km down the summit.[21] Rescuers were forced to suspend their missions due to the continued episodes of eruptions.[22]
7 December At 01:14 local time, an eruption column was observed climbing at least 1,000 meters above the summit. The second and third eruption occurred at 02:44 and 05:54 respectively, reaching a similar height of 1,000 meters.[23]
8 December At 00:01 local time Mount Semeru erupted with the height of the ash column observed reaching 500 meters above the summit.[24]
9 December Smoke was seen rising several hundred meters above the summit vent.[25]
10 December Semeru produced one eruption and two pyroclastic flows.[25]
11 December Earthquakes and several pyroclastic flows were reported. Smoke was seen rising 500-1,000 meters above the crater.[26]
16 December Recovery missions were suddenly interrupted when pyroclastic flows traveled 4.5 km towards Besuk Kobokan.[27]
19 December The volcano erupted a second time early in the morning, sending a column of ash 2 km high in the air.[28]
20 December Semeru generated an eruption column rising 1.5 km above the summit crater. The alert level of the volcano was also raised to level III.[29]
31 December A pyroclastic flow traveled 4 km from the summit crater down to the base in the southeast.[30]

Early warnings edit

According to the Center of Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation (PVMBG), warnings for a potential eruption were sent to a WhatsApp group chat four days prior to the eruption on 1 December. Warnings were also issued to people on 2 December advising not to approach the crater.[31] Villagers however, said they did not receive any early warning for a large eruption. They added that the PVMBG did not issue any alerts or inform them for such an eruption.[32] The PVMBG received heavy criticism by residents and on social media for their poor management and failure to inform residents of the eruption. The evacuation system in place at the villages also did not function; pyroclastic flows and ash also approached and covered an evacuation center.[33]

Casualties edit

A total of 69 people died and more than five remain missing.

4 December edit

 
Head of BNPB, Suharyanto, holds press conference on the situation near Mount Semeru following the volcano's major eruption

Initial reports confirmed three people, a store owner and two miners, were missing when the Gladak Perak Bridge in Lumajang collapsed due to a lahar.[34] Later in the evening, that number was revised to nine.[35] According to the Indonesian Ministry of Health, one person was killed and 45 people were injured. More than 40 people were seriously wounded by pyroclastic flows,[36] with four burn victims taken to the intensive care unit for their severe injuries.[37] A total of 38 people were treated at the Penanggal Health Center.[38] Another 10 miners at a sand mine in Renteng Village were trapped and an initial attempt to rescue the miners was unsuccessful.[39] However, the Indonesian National Board for Disaster Management (BNPB) said that ten miners thought to be missing at a sand mine in Lumajang were rescued, with some others still unaccounted for.[40]

5 December edit

 
Burn victims being treated at the Pasirian Hospital in Lumajang.

A second death was confirmed in the morning at Dr. Haryoto Hospital due to severe burns.[41] The total death toll was later revised to 14; 11 in Pronojiwo subdistrict and three in Candipuro subdistrict.[42] Most of the fatalities succumbed to burns.[43] Two of the fatalities were from Supiturang and Sumberwuluh villages respectively. Five other victims were from Curah Kobokan village.[43] Five bodies are undergoing the identification process at Bhayangkara Hospital.[44] The number of burn victims was also updated to 89 from the early morning figure of 57.[40][45]

6 December edit

The BNPB released an update stating that 15 people have died from the eruption while the number of missing individuals have risen to 27.[7] Local news sources in the evening reported at least 22 fatalities, adding that only five bodies remained unidentified.[46][47] The BNPB later confirmed the death toll. Fourteen of the victims were from Pronojiwo sub-district while eight others from Candipuro sub-district. According to an official from the BNPB, eight bodies from Pronojiwo had been buried.[47]

7 December edit

Officials raised the death toll in Lumajang to 34,[48] ten of whom were unidentified. The number of unaccounted residents fell from 27 to 22 while the number of injured was updated to 169.[4] One hospitalized victim also succumbed to his injuries.[49] Livestock consisting of at least 138 goats and 23 cows were also lost.[50]

8 December edit

In the morning, three bodies were discovered in the cabin of a truck.[51] The ten previously unidentified bodies were successfully identified through autopsies and forensic dentistry. The ten victims consisted of 6 males and 4 females between the ages of 15 and 70. Five bodies were returned to families of the victims through visual identification.[52] At the Dr Haryoto Hospital, a cooler container was sent to store additional bodies due to overcapacity. A volunteer at the hospital said bodies undergoing the decomposition process would be moved into the container.

By night, officials had raised the death toll to 39.[49]

9 December edit

Four bodies were discovered during search and rescue operations, bringing the total number of victims to 43.[53] The BNPB also updated the number of injured to 104,[2] while at least 13 are missing.[54] Twenty-three bodies were successfully identified by a victims identification unit.[55]

10 December edit

Recovery teams found the body of a headless person at a sand mine in Sumberwuluh, Lumajang. The body was taken to Haryoto Hospital.[56] The Deputy Regent of Lumajang said the identification of bodies through fingerprints were impossible due to the severe injuries endured. Other methods of identification were carried out by the forensic team.[57]

By the evening, three bodies were found, bringing the total number of fatalities to 46.[58] In addition, at least nine people were still unaccounted.[59] The total number of displaced individuals across 126 locations also rose to 6,573.[60]

11 December edit

The victim identification team identified four bodies, bringing the total number of identified bodies since Tuesday to 27.[61]

16 December edit

Officials recovered five human body parts in the affected area. The death toll and unaccounted was raised to 48 and 23 respectively.[62] A total of 10,655 residents were displaced during the evacuation.[63]

18 December edit

Officials updated the death toll to 57; with 48 of the victims found at the eruption site while another nine people died during hospitalization.[3]

2022 edit

A lahar swept away two people from the village of Bades, along with several buffalo.[64]

On 4 August, the skeletal remains of a victim were found by sand miners in Sumberwuluh village. Officials confirmed that 68 bodies were found, and more victims are possibly trapped in volcanic debris.[65] On 11 September, the remains of a sand miner were found at Sumberwuluh. At least five people remained missing.[66]

Impact edit

 
A village covered by volcanic ash.

In Malang Regency, six sub districts were affected by ashfall. Eight villages and two sub districts in Lumajang Regency were also affected.[67] The destruction of the Gladak Perak Bridge blocked vehicle access to villages in the area.[68] Power interruptions and blackouts were triggered, affecting at least 30,253 people.[69] In Pronojiwo District, at least 30 homes were destroyed by lahars.[70] Many village homes and vehicles in East Java were covered by heavy volcanic ash. An estimated 300 families were evacuated.[71]

On 5 December, volcanic ash fell in Pronojiwo District of Lumajang, forcing many evacuees, residents and aid officials to flee. It was reported that a smaller eruption had occurred. The small eruption caused panic at nearby villages.[72] A total of 2,970 homes and 13 public infrastructure including bridges and places of worship were damaged.[73] Some 28 schools in two districts; six in Candipuro and 22 in Pronojiwo were heavily damaged by ashfall.[74] At least 11 villages in Lumajang were submerged in ash reaching up the roofs of homes.[75] Many vehicles were also submerged. Kampung Renteng, a village in Candipuro District, heavily affected by ash. At another village, ash destroyed every home.[76]

At least 5,205 people were affected (as of 5 December), with 2,004 residents in Lumajang displaced.[23] The displaced residents took refuge in multiple locations.[77] In Pronojiwo District, some 305 people resided in schools and village halls. 409 people were displaced in Candipuro District, and 188 in Pasirian.[77][78] Some of the evacuees later moved to other homes or buildings.[79] Operations at Yogyakarta International Airport, Adisumarmo International Airport and Abdul Rachman Saleh Airport were unaffected by the eruption as no volcanic ash was observed.[80] Tourism at the nearby Mount Bromo was not affected by the eruption as well. Despite Semeru located within the national park compound, visitors continued to enter the park. Access to Semeru was restricted since July 2021.[81]

According to the Amil Zakat National Agency, the eruption caused 310 billion Rupiah worth of damage to homes, public infrastructures, local businesses, and basic services.[82] By the afternoon of 7 December, the number of displaced individuals rose to 3,697. Most of the displaced residents were from Lumajang Regency, while 24 originated from Malang Regency.[6] The number of displaced people rose to 4,250 by nightfall.[4]

Officials at the emergency response post updated the number of homes damaged to 5,205.[83] The eruption affected a total of 17 settlements in 10 sub-districts.[84] In Kampung Renteng village, all but one home was damaged.[85]

As of 16 December 10,655 people across 121 locations were displaced.[63] Many of the affected, at least 2,331, were from Candipuro. In Pasirian, there was a total of 1,307 people displaced. Several hundred residents were also displaced in Pronojiwo, Tempeh, and Sukodono. At least 2,990 goats, sheep, cattle and other livestock were killed as well. Thirty-one public infrastructures were damaged.[86]

Response edit

 
Joko Widodo visits evacuees of the 2021 Mount Semeru eruption
 
Recovery efforts of the victims of the eruption

Local authorities urged residents to keep a distance of at least 5 km away from the main summit crater as there were concerns of large pyroclastic flows. Individuals were prohibited from approaching 1 km or closer to the crater.[87] The head of the BNPB warned of increased volcanic activity and the presence of pyroclastic flows in the volcano. He also said ashfall was occurring in some villages and urged residents to evacuate. Residents were also told to keep clear from rivers originating from Semeru as they were transporting volcanic debris.[88] The Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysical Agency (BMKG) issued a two-day weather forecast on 6 December warning residents of heavy rain that could trigger more lahars. The agency added that East Java had entered the rainy season where the threat of lahars are higher.[89]

The BNPB provided meals ready-to-eat packs, blankets, mattresses, masks and refugee tents to assist the displaced residents. Medical supplies, water and instant food were also supplied. It was estimated that 1,14 billion Indonesian rupiah was utilised in providing aid.[90] The BNPB also provided 500,000 rupiahs over a period of six months to displaced residents to pay for temporary housing, during which the construction of new homes for the affected residents took place.[91]

Indonesian President Joko Widodo would visit the Lumajang Regency to lead the BNPB in the post-eruption recovery efforts on 5 December.[90] Meanwhile, Khofifah Indar Parawansa, the Governor of East Java, relocated her office to the Lumajang Regency to aid in the evacuation process of residents in the danger zone.[88] In an attempt to prevent further casualties, the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources suspended all mining-related operations in the immediate danger zone.[92] The BNPB said that the response to the disaster would continue until 3 January 2022.[93]

The Ministry of Agriculture will provide farmers seeds and beans for an area of 847 hectares. Also provided are 174 cows and goats, animal feed, grass, and medication. Tractors and hand sprayers would also be given as compensation.[94]

Rescue and recovery edit

A rescue operation to locate several miners unaccounted for on the afternoon of the eruption was planned to begin once activity on the volcano has decreased. The Deputy Regent of Lumajang said that rescue and recovery efforts could not be carried out the night before due to difficult access to the affected areas.[95]

Recovery efforts to find victims were hampered after rescuers encountered soil that was still too hot to enter.[96] The effort to recover missing victims took approximately a week, according to search and rescue members. Superheated soil and wet conditions slowed progress of recovery.[97]

Reconstructions edit

President Joko Widodo announced plans to relocate over 2,000 properties in Lumajang, and rebuilding other many affected infrastructure, including the main bridge connecting Lumajang Regency to other cities.[98] He added that the relocation would take place after recovery efforts were complete in order to prioritize searching for missing people and treating the injured. The Indonesian government said it was looking into new locations to resettle displaced residents.[99]

Separately, Muhadjir Effendy, the Coordinating Minister for Human Development and Cultural Affairs of Indonesia said that he was searching for possibilities to connect Lumajang and Malang after the eruption severed the Gladak Perak Bridge.[99]

Gallery edit

  •  
    BNPB preparing to distribute logistical supplies for the refugees.
  •  
    A villager staring at her house that was destroyed by the eruption.
  •  
    A truck partially submerged in lahar.

See also edit

References edit

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External links edit

  •   Media related to Mount Semeru 2021 eruption at Wikimedia Commons
  • ReliefWeb's main page for this event.

April 10, 2024
2021, semeru, eruption, eruption, mount, semeru, volcano, east, java, province, indonesian, island, java, began, december, 2021, eruption, began, after, heavy, precipitation, caused, collapse, lava, dome, summit, pyroclastic, flows, lahars, damaged, least, hom. An eruption of Mount Semeru a volcano in East Java province of the Indonesian island of Java began on 4 December 2021 The eruption began after heavy precipitation caused the collapse of the lava dome at the summit Pyroclastic flows and lahars damaged at least 5 205 homes and several public buildings At least 69 people died 3 104 more were injured while more than five remain missing 4 5 6 7 2021 Semeru eruptionA village partially buried by volcanic ash VolcanoSemeruStart date4 December 2021End date6 December 2021LocationEast Java Java Indonesia08 06 28 S 112 55 19 E 8 10778 S 112 92194 E 8 10778 112 92194VEI4 1 Deaths69 dead 104 injured 2 gt 5 missing 10 655 displacedSemeru location in East Java Province Contents 1 Background 1 1 Past events 2 Eruption 2 1 Timeline 2 2 Early warnings 3 Casualties 3 1 4 December 3 2 5 December 3 3 6 December 3 4 7 December 3 5 8 December 3 6 9 December 3 7 10 December 3 8 11 December 3 9 16 December 3 10 18 December 3 11 2022 4 Impact 5 Response 5 1 Rescue and recovery 5 2 Reconstructions 6 Gallery 7 See also 8 References 9 External linksBackground edit nbsp Semeru in May 2021Semeru is one of more than 100 active volcanoes in Indonesia 8 9 At 3 676 meters in elevation it is the highest volcano on the island The volcano is part of a chain of volcanic mountains stretching from northern Sumatra to the Lesser Sunda Islands Volcanism in Indonesia is mainly associated with the offshore subduction of the Australian Plate beneath the Sunda Plate The oldest record of an eruption was from 1818 Since then major eruptions have occurred in 1941 1942 1945 1946 1947 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1957 1958 1959 1960 1977 and 1978 1989 10 A minor eruption occurred in January 2021 with no casualties reported 11 The 4 December eruption was the latest in a series of explosive eruptions on the volcano since 2014 Recent eruptions on the volcano have been accompanied by pyroclastic flows eruption columns and debris avalanches 12 Past events edit Semeru s deadliest eruption occurred on 29 August 1909 when pyroclastic flows and lava destroyed 38 settlements and 600 800 hectares of farmland That eruption claimed 208 lives Since then most of the volcano s eruptive activity have been confined to minor strombolian eruptions An eruption in 1994 caused the deaths of three people 13 In May 1981 heavy rains caused the crater lake at the summit of the volcano to overflow triggering a flash flood Approximately 26 villages in six sub districts were severely impacted by the floods The official death toll from the floods totaled 251 according to government statistics A further 120 people were lost and 152 were injured 14 Eruption edit nbsp Villagers in Lumajang evacuating to a safe distance from the volcano The eruption was thought to have begun when a lava dome at the summit crater collapsed due to intense precipitation A volcanologist at the Bandung Institute of Technology said the eruption debris flow was an accumulation of material from past eruptions Heavy rainfall eroded volcanic material on the summit destabilizing the lava dome 15 The collapsed dome triggered a series of pyroclastic flows that traveled down the slopes of the volcano 16 According to a report from the geological department of the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources the plume height may have been as great as 45 km although there are claims the height was only 11 km Investigations are ongoing to determine the plume height 17 Between 5 and 9 December eight pyroclastic flows traveled 3 km or more from the peak The flows traveled in a southeast direction 18 Timeline edit Date Description4 December The eruption began at 14 50 local time ejecting a cloud of volcanic ash 40 000 feet 12 000 m into the air 19 The collapse of the unstable lava dome due to heavy rainfall has been suggested as a proximate cause Three smaller eruptions followed within a 24 hour period after the large initial eruption 17 5 December At least two pyroclasitc flows occurred at 05 13 and 10 00 local time 20 These flows were much smaller than the ones on 4 December hence did not travel far from the crater 6 December A smaller eruption occurred on the morning at 07 18 local time The eruption triggered pyroclastic flows and lava flows that travelled 2 5 km down the summit 21 Rescuers were forced to suspend their missions due to the continued episodes of eruptions 22 7 December At 01 14 local time an eruption column was observed climbing at least 1 000 meters above the summit The second and third eruption occurred at 02 44 and 05 54 respectively reaching a similar height of 1 000 meters 23 8 December At 00 01 local time Mount Semeru erupted with the height of the ash column observed reaching 500 meters above the summit 24 9 December Smoke was seen rising several hundred meters above the summit vent 25 10 December Semeru produced one eruption and two pyroclastic flows 25 11 December Earthquakes and several pyroclastic flows were reported Smoke was seen rising 500 1 000 meters above the crater 26 16 December Recovery missions were suddenly interrupted when pyroclastic flows traveled 4 5 km towards Besuk Kobokan 27 19 December The volcano erupted a second time early in the morning sending a column of ash 2 km high in the air 28 20 December Semeru generated an eruption column rising 1 5 km above the summit crater The alert level of the volcano was also raised to level III 29 31 December A pyroclastic flow traveled 4 km from the summit crater down to the base in the southeast 30 Early warnings edit According to the Center of Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation PVMBG warnings for a potential eruption were sent to a WhatsApp group chat four days prior to the eruption on 1 December Warnings were also issued to people on 2 December advising not to approach the crater 31 Villagers however said they did not receive any early warning for a large eruption They added that the PVMBG did not issue any alerts or inform them for such an eruption 32 The PVMBG received heavy criticism by residents and on social media for their poor management and failure to inform residents of the eruption The evacuation system in place at the villages also did not function pyroclastic flows and ash also approached and covered an evacuation center 33 Casualties editA total of 69 people died and more than five remain missing 4 December edit nbsp Head of BNPB Suharyanto holds press conference on the situation near Mount Semeru following the volcano s major eruptionInitial reports confirmed three people a store owner and two miners were missing when the Gladak Perak Bridge in Lumajang collapsed due to a lahar 34 Later in the evening that number was revised to nine 35 According to the Indonesian Ministry of Health one person was killed and 45 people were injured More than 40 people were seriously wounded by pyroclastic flows 36 with four burn victims taken to the intensive care unit for their severe injuries 37 A total of 38 people were treated at the Penanggal Health Center 38 Another 10 miners at a sand mine in Renteng Village were trapped and an initial attempt to rescue the miners was unsuccessful 39 However the Indonesian National Board for Disaster Management BNPB said that ten miners thought to be missing at a sand mine in Lumajang were rescued with some others still unaccounted for 40 5 December edit nbsp Burn victims being treated at the Pasirian Hospital in Lumajang A second death was confirmed in the morning at Dr Haryoto Hospital due to severe burns 41 The total death toll was later revised to 14 11 in Pronojiwo subdistrict and three in Candipuro subdistrict 42 Most of the fatalities succumbed to burns 43 Two of the fatalities were from Supiturang and Sumberwuluh villages respectively Five other victims were from Curah Kobokan village 43 Five bodies are undergoing the identification process at Bhayangkara Hospital 44 The number of burn victims was also updated to 89 from the early morning figure of 57 40 45 6 December edit The BNPB released an update stating that 15 people have died from the eruption while the number of missing individuals have risen to 27 7 Local news sources in the evening reported at least 22 fatalities adding that only five bodies remained unidentified 46 47 The BNPB later confirmed the death toll Fourteen of the victims were from Pronojiwo sub district while eight others from Candipuro sub district According to an official from the BNPB eight bodies from Pronojiwo had been buried 47 7 December edit Officials raised the death toll in Lumajang to 34 48 ten of whom were unidentified The number of unaccounted residents fell from 27 to 22 while the number of injured was updated to 169 4 One hospitalized victim also succumbed to his injuries 49 Livestock consisting of at least 138 goats and 23 cows were also lost 50 8 December edit In the morning three bodies were discovered in the cabin of a truck 51 The ten previously unidentified bodies were successfully identified through autopsies and forensic dentistry The ten victims consisted of 6 males and 4 females between the ages of 15 and 70 Five bodies were returned to families of the victims through visual identification 52 At the Dr Haryoto Hospital a cooler container was sent to store additional bodies due to overcapacity A volunteer at the hospital said bodies undergoing the decomposition process would be moved into the container By night officials had raised the death toll to 39 49 9 December edit Four bodies were discovered during search and rescue operations bringing the total number of victims to 43 53 The BNPB also updated the number of injured to 104 2 while at least 13 are missing 54 Twenty three bodies were successfully identified by a victims identification unit 55 10 December edit Recovery teams found the body of a headless person at a sand mine in Sumberwuluh Lumajang The body was taken to Haryoto Hospital 56 The Deputy Regent of Lumajang said the identification of bodies through fingerprints were impossible due to the severe injuries endured Other methods of identification were carried out by the forensic team 57 By the evening three bodies were found bringing the total number of fatalities to 46 58 In addition at least nine people were still unaccounted 59 The total number of displaced individuals across 126 locations also rose to 6 573 60 11 December edit The victim identification team identified four bodies bringing the total number of identified bodies since Tuesday to 27 61 16 December edit Officials recovered five human body parts in the affected area The death toll and unaccounted was raised to 48 and 23 respectively 62 A total of 10 655 residents were displaced during the evacuation 63 18 December edit Officials updated the death toll to 57 with 48 of the victims found at the eruption site while another nine people died during hospitalization 3 2022 edit A lahar swept away two people from the village of Bades along with several buffalo 64 On 4 August the skeletal remains of a victim were found by sand miners in Sumberwuluh village Officials confirmed that 68 bodies were found and more victims are possibly trapped in volcanic debris 65 On 11 September the remains of a sand miner were found at Sumberwuluh At least five people remained missing 66 Impact edit nbsp A village covered by volcanic ash In Malang Regency six sub districts were affected by ashfall Eight villages and two sub districts in Lumajang Regency were also affected 67 The destruction of the Gladak Perak Bridge blocked vehicle access to villages in the area 68 Power interruptions and blackouts were triggered affecting at least 30 253 people 69 In Pronojiwo District at least 30 homes were destroyed by lahars 70 Many village homes and vehicles in East Java were covered by heavy volcanic ash An estimated 300 families were evacuated 71 On 5 December volcanic ash fell in Pronojiwo District of Lumajang forcing many evacuees residents and aid officials to flee It was reported that a smaller eruption had occurred The small eruption caused panic at nearby villages 72 A total of 2 970 homes and 13 public infrastructure including bridges and places of worship were damaged 73 Some 28 schools in two districts six in Candipuro and 22 in Pronojiwo were heavily damaged by ashfall 74 At least 11 villages in Lumajang were submerged in ash reaching up the roofs of homes 75 Many vehicles were also submerged Kampung Renteng a village in Candipuro District heavily affected by ash At another village ash destroyed every home 76 At least 5 205 people were affected as of 5 December with 2 004 residents in Lumajang displaced 23 The displaced residents took refuge in multiple locations 77 In Pronojiwo District some 305 people resided in schools and village halls 409 people were displaced in Candipuro District and 188 in Pasirian 77 78 Some of the evacuees later moved to other homes or buildings 79 Operations at Yogyakarta International Airport Adisumarmo International Airport and Abdul Rachman Saleh Airport were unaffected by the eruption as no volcanic ash was observed 80 Tourism at the nearby Mount Bromo was not affected by the eruption as well Despite Semeru located within the national park compound visitors continued to enter the park Access to Semeru was restricted since July 2021 81 According to the Amil Zakat National Agency the eruption caused 310 billion Rupiah worth of damage to homes public infrastructures local businesses and basic services 82 By the afternoon of 7 December the number of displaced individuals rose to 3 697 Most of the displaced residents were from Lumajang Regency while 24 originated from Malang Regency 6 The number of displaced people rose to 4 250 by nightfall 4 Officials at the emergency response post updated the number of homes damaged to 5 205 83 The eruption affected a total of 17 settlements in 10 sub districts 84 In Kampung Renteng village all but one home was damaged 85 As of 16 December 10 655 people across 121 locations were displaced 63 Many of the affected at least 2 331 were from Candipuro In Pasirian there was a total of 1 307 people displaced Several hundred residents were also displaced in Pronojiwo Tempeh and Sukodono At least 2 990 goats sheep cattle and other livestock were killed as well Thirty one public infrastructures were damaged 86 Response edit nbsp Joko Widodo visits evacuees of the 2021 Mount Semeru eruption nbsp Recovery efforts of the victims of the eruptionLocal authorities urged residents to keep a distance of at least 5 km away from the main summit crater as there were concerns of large pyroclastic flows Individuals were prohibited from approaching 1 km or closer to the crater 87 The head of the BNPB warned of increased volcanic activity and the presence of pyroclastic flows in the volcano He also said ashfall was occurring in some villages and urged residents to evacuate Residents were also told to keep clear from rivers originating from Semeru as they were transporting volcanic debris 88 The Meteorology Climatology and Geophysical Agency BMKG issued a two day weather forecast on 6 December warning residents of heavy rain that could trigger more lahars The agency added that East Java had entered the rainy season where the threat of lahars are higher 89 The BNPB provided meals ready to eat packs blankets mattresses masks and refugee tents to assist the displaced residents Medical supplies water and instant food were also supplied It was estimated that 1 14 billion Indonesian rupiah was utilised in providing aid 90 The BNPB also provided 500 000 rupiahs over a period of six months to displaced residents to pay for temporary housing during which the construction of new homes for the affected residents took place 91 Indonesian President Joko Widodo would visit the Lumajang Regency to lead the BNPB in the post eruption recovery efforts on 5 December 90 Meanwhile Khofifah Indar Parawansa the Governor of East Java relocated her office to the Lumajang Regency to aid in the evacuation process of residents in the danger zone 88 In an attempt to prevent further casualties the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources suspended all mining related operations in the immediate danger zone 92 The BNPB said that the response to the disaster would continue until 3 January 2022 93 The Ministry of Agriculture will provide farmers seeds and beans for an area of 847 hectares Also provided are 174 cows and goats animal feed grass and medication Tractors and hand sprayers would also be given as compensation 94 Rescue and recovery edit A rescue operation to locate several miners unaccounted for on the afternoon of the eruption was planned to begin once activity on the volcano has decreased The Deputy Regent of Lumajang said that rescue and recovery efforts could not be carried out the night before due to difficult access to the affected areas 95 Recovery efforts to find victims were hampered after rescuers encountered soil that was still too hot to enter 96 The effort to recover missing victims took approximately a week according to search and rescue members Superheated soil and wet conditions slowed progress of recovery 97 Reconstructions edit President Joko Widodo announced plans to relocate over 2 000 properties in Lumajang and rebuilding other many affected infrastructure including the main bridge connecting Lumajang Regency to other cities 98 He added that the relocation would take place after recovery efforts were complete in order to prioritize searching for missing people and treating the injured The Indonesian government said it was looking into new locations to resettle displaced residents 99 Separately Muhadjir Effendy the Coordinating Minister for Human Development and Cultural Affairs of Indonesia said that he was searching for possibilities to connect Lumajang and Malang after the eruption severed the Gladak Perak Bridge 99 Gallery edit nbsp BNPB preparing to distribute logistical supplies for the refugees nbsp A villager staring at her house that was destroyed by the eruption nbsp A truck partially submerged in lahar See also edit nbsp Indonesia portal nbsp Volcanoes portal2020 2022 Taal Volcano eruptions Volcanic eruption in the Philippines 2018 Volcan de Fuego eruption 2021 22 Hunga Tonga Hunga Haʻapai eruption and tsunami a larger eruption that began the same month List of volcanic eruptions by death toll List of large volcanic eruptions in the 21st centuryReferences edit Semeru Global Volcanism Program Smithsonian Institution Archived from the original on 6 November 2020 Retrieved 19 January 2022 a b Abdul Muhari 9 December 2021 Update Hari Kelima Paska Erupsi Semeru Tim Gabungan Temukan Total 43 Korban Meninggal Dunia in Indonesian Indonesian National Board for Disaster Management Archived from the original on 9 December 2021 Retrieved 9 December 2021 a b Latu Ratri Mubyarsah ed 17 December 2021 Hari Terakhir Pencarian Korban Erupsi Semeru 57 Orang Meninggal in Indonesian Jawa Pos Archived from the original on 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original on 7 December 2021 Retrieved 7 December 2021 External links edit nbsp Media related to Mount Semeru 2021 eruption at Wikimedia Commons ReliefWeb s main page for this event Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 2021 Semeru eruption amp oldid 1207743361, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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