A volcanologist, or volcano scientist, is a geologist who focuses on understanding the formation and eruptive activity of volcanoes.[1] Volcanologists frequently visit volcanoes, sometimes active ones, to observe and monitor volcanic eruptions, collect eruptive products including tephra (such as ash or pumice), rock and lava samples. One major focus of inquiry in recent times is the prediction of eruptions to alleviate the impact on surrounding populations and monitor natural hazards associated with volcanic activity.[2][3] Geologists who research volcanic materials that make up the solid Earth are referred to as igneous petrologists.
A volcanologist sampling lava using a rock hammer and a bucket of water
The word volcanologist (or vulcanologist) is derived from the English volcanology (volcano + -logy), which was derived from the French volcanologie (or vulcanologie), which was further derived from the French word volcan (volcano), which was even further derived from Vulcanus, the Latin name of the Roman god of fire and metalworking. The Latin word is of Estrucan origin, but unknown meaning.
Job overview
Job description
Volcanologists research many aspects of volcanic processes to better understand planetary formation or to monitor current and future volcanic eruptions in order to protect citizens living in volcanic hazard zones.[4][5] Volcanologists work at universities, museums or other national research institutes (often including volcano observatories), or in industry. Volcanologists working in academia will be usually involved in teaching geology classes if based at a university (lecturer or professor), running of laboratory experiments, data collection, and writing of scientific peer-reviewed papers for the scientific community to critique and advance knowledge and discovery. Volcanologists working for volcano observatories and museums work in close collaboration with academic researchers, but day-to-day tasks may also include the collection and curation of volcanic samples, writing of reports from monitoring stations, and public outreach relating to volcanic hazards and climate change
Sub-disciplines of volcanology
Igneous petrologist
Physical volcanogist - someone who typically studies the physical characteristics of volcanic ash deposits and rocks.
Experimental petrologist - someone who simulates volcanic and magmatic processes in a laboratory (are often specialists in thermodynamics applied to Earth processes).
Geochemist - those who study the chemical composition of volcanic rocks and gases (see also isotope geochemistry). Geochemists often use mass spectrometry and electron microprobe analysis to understand the pre-eruption history of volcanic rocks and how fast eruptions occur.
Donald B. Dingwell (born 1958 in Corner Brook, Newfoundland, Canada) is a geoscientist, the director of the Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Ordinarius for Mineralogy and Petrology of the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich
Tamsin Mather British Professor of Earth Sciences at the Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford. She studies volcanic processes and their impacts on the Earth's environment and has appeared on the television and radio
Marie Edmonds (born 14 September 1975) is a Professor of volcanology and geology at the University of Cambridge whose research focuses on the physics and chemistry of volcanic eruptions and magmatism and understanding volatile cycling in the solid Earth as mediated by plate tectonics
Jenni Barclay, professor of volcanology at the University of East Anglia. She works on ways to mitigate volcanic risks, the interactions between rainfall and volcanic activity and the communication of volcanic hazards in the Caribbean
^"Early indicators of magma viscosity could help forecast a volcano's eruption style". phys.org. Retrieved 2021-04-11.
^"Volcanic Lands Warm Before Eruptions". AGU EOS. Retrieved March 20, 2021.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
^"Why the volcano erupting in the Caribbean has such a deadly reputation". Science. 2021-04-09. Retrieved 2021-04-11.
^Thursday, Special to West Hawaii Today |; April 8; 2021; A.m, 12:05 (2021-04-08). "Measuring magma viscosity early could forecast volcanic eruptions". West Hawaii Today. Retrieved 2021-04-11.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
External links
Environmental Science- How to Become a Volcanologist
February 07, 2023
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This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Volcanologist news newspapers books scholar JSTOR March 2021 Learn how and when to remove this template message A volcanologist or volcano scientist is a geologist who focuses on understanding the formation and eruptive activity of volcanoes 1 Volcanologists frequently visit volcanoes sometimes active ones to observe and monitor volcanic eruptions collect eruptive products including tephra such as ash or pumice rock and lava samples One major focus of inquiry in recent times is the prediction of eruptions to alleviate the impact on surrounding populations and monitor natural hazards associated with volcanic activity 2 3 Geologists who research volcanic materials that make up the solid Earth are referred to as igneous petrologists A volcanologist sampling lava using a rock hammer and a bucket of water Contents 1 Etymology 2 Job overview 2 1 Job description 2 2 Sub disciplines of volcanology 3 History 4 Notable volcanologists currently active 5 Notable volcanologists 6 See also 7 References 8 External linksEtymology EditThe word volcanologist or vulcanologist is derived from the English volcanology volcano logy which was derived from the French volcanologie or vulcanologie which was further derived from the French word volcan volcano which was even further derived from Vulcanus the Latin name of the Roman god of fire and metalworking The Latin word is of Estrucan origin but unknown meaning Job overview EditJob description Edit Volcanologists research many aspects of volcanic processes to better understand planetary formation or to monitor current and future volcanic eruptions in order to protect citizens living in volcanic hazard zones 4 5 Volcanologists work at universities museums or other national research institutes often including volcano observatories or in industry Volcanologists working in academia will be usually involved in teaching geology classes if based at a university lecturer or professor running of laboratory experiments data collection and writing of scientific peer reviewed papers for the scientific community to critique and advance knowledge and discovery Volcanologists working for volcano observatories and museums work in close collaboration with academic researchers but day to day tasks may also include the collection and curation of volcanic samples writing of reports from monitoring stations and public outreach relating to volcanic hazards and climate change Sub disciplines of volcanology Edit Igneous petrologist Physical volcanogist someone who typically studies the physical characteristics of volcanic ash deposits and rocks Experimental petrologist someone who simulates volcanic and magmatic processes in a laboratory are often specialists in thermodynamics applied to Earth processes Geochemist those who study the chemical composition of volcanic rocks and gases see also isotope geochemistry Geochemists often use mass spectrometry and electron microprobe analysis to understand the pre eruption history of volcanic rocks and how fast eruptions occur Volcano geophysicist or volcano seismologist Planetary volcanologist someone who studies volcanic processes on other planetary bodies History EditSee also Volcanology HistoryNotable volcanologists currently active EditHaraldur Sigurdsson 1939 Icelandic volcanologist and geochemist Bill McGuire born 1954 Keith Rowley born 1949 Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago since 2015 Robert Stephen John Sparks Chaning Wills Professor of Geology in the Department of Earth Sciences at the University of Bristol Donald B Dingwell born 1958 in Corner Brook Newfoundland Canada is a geoscientist the director of the Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Ordinarius for Mineralogy and Petrology of the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich Katharine Cashman is an American volcanologist professor of volcanology at the University of Bristol Terry Plank an American geochemist volcanologist and professor of Earth science at Columbia College Columbia University and the Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory Richard Arculus is an Australian petrologist and volcanologist formerly a professor of the School of Earth Sciences at the Australian National University Rosaly Lopes born 8 January 1957 in Rio de Janeiro Brazil is a Senior Scientist at NASA s Jet Propulsion Laboratory specializing in planetary geology and volcanology Clive Oppenheimer born 1964 is a British volcanologist and Professor of Volcanology in the Department of Geography of the University of Cambridge Tamsin Mather British Professor of Earth Sciences at the Department of Earth Sciences University of Oxford She studies volcanic processes and their impacts on the Earth s environment and has appeared on the television and radio Marie Edmonds born 14 September 1975 is a Professor of volcanology and geology at the University of Cambridge whose research focuses on the physics and chemistry of volcanic eruptions and magmatism and understanding volatile cycling in the solid Earth as mediated by plate tectonics Jani Radebaugh American planetary scientist and professor of geology at Brigham Young University Lindy Elkins Tanton planetary scientist and professor with expertise in planet formation and evolution She is the Director of the School of Earth and Space Exploration at Arizona State University ASU in Tempe Arizona Principal Investigator of NASA s Psyche mission and former director of the Carnegie Institution for Science s Department of Terrestrial Magnetism Jenni Barclay professor of volcanology at the University of East Anglia She works on ways to mitigate volcanic risks the interactions between rainfall and volcanic activity and the communication of volcanic hazards in the Caribbean Claire Horwell professor of Geohealth in the Department of Earth Sciences and Institute of Hazard Risk and Resilience at Durham University and the founding Director of the International Volcanic Health Hazard Network IVHHN She studies the health hazards of natural and industrial mineral dustsNotable volcanologists EditPlato 428 348 BC Pliny the Elder 23 79 AD Pliny the Younger 61 c 113 AD George Louis Leclerc Comte de Buffon 1707 1788 James Hutton 1726 1797 Deodat Gratet de Dolomieu 1750 1801 George Julius Poulett Scrope 1797 1876 Giuseppe Mercalli 1850 1914 Alfred Lacroix 1863 1948 Frank A Perret 1867 1943 Thomas Jaggar 1871 1953 founder of the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory Alfred Rittmann 1893 1980 Sigurdur THorarinsson 1912 1983 Haroun Tazieff 1914 1998 advisor to the French Government and Jacques Cousteau George P L Walker 1926 2005 pioneering volcanologist who transformed the subject into a quantitative science Katia and Maurice Krafft 1942 1991 and 1946 1991 respectively died at Mount Unzen in Japan 1991 Peter Francis 1944 1999 David A Johnston 1949 1980 killed during the 1980 eruption of Mount St Helens Harry Glicken 1958 1991 died at Mount Unzen in Japan by Pyroclastic flow 1991See also EditVolcanology Volcanism Igneous PetrologyReferences Edit Information About Volcanologists United States Geological Survey Retrieved March 20 2021 Early indicators of magma viscosity could help forecast a volcano s eruption style phys org Retrieved 2021 04 11 Volcanic Lands Warm Before Eruptions AGU EOS Retrieved March 20 2021 a href Template Cite news html title Template Cite news cite news a CS1 maint url status link Why the volcano erupting in the Caribbean has such a deadly reputation Science 2021 04 09 Retrieved 2021 04 11 Thursday Special to West Hawaii Today April 8 2021 A m 12 05 2021 04 08 Measuring magma viscosity early could forecast volcanic eruptions West Hawaii Today Retrieved 2021 04 11 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint numeric names authors list link External links EditVolcano Live What is a volcanologist Environmental Science How to Become a Volcanologist Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Volcanologist amp oldid 1109910827, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
