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2019 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom

December 29, 2022

The 2019 European Parliament election was the United Kingdom's component of the 2019 European Parliament election, held on Thursday 23 May 2019 and the results were announced on Sunday 26 and Monday 27 May 2019, after all the other EU countries had voted.[2] This was the United Kingdom's final participation in a European Parliament election before leaving the European Union on 31 January 2020, and was also the last election to be held under the provisions of the European Parliamentary Elections Act 2002 before its repeal under the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018.

2019 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom
← 2014 23 May 2019
All 73 United Kingdom seats in the European Parliament
Opinion polls
Turnout37.2%[1] 1.4%
  First party Second party Third party
 
Leader Nigel Farage Catherine Bearder Richard Corbett
Party Brexit Party Liberal Democrats Labour
Alliance Non-Inscrits ALDE S&D
Leader's seat South East England South East England Yorkshire and the Humber
Last election Did not contest 1 seat, 6.6% 20 seats, 24.4%
Seats won 29 16 10
Seat change New party 15 10
Popular vote 5,248,533 3,367,284 2,347,255
Percentage 30.5% 19.6% 13.6%
Swing New party 13.0% 10.8%
  Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party
 
Leader Jonathan Bartley and Siân Berry Ashley Fox Alyn Smith
Party Green Conservative SNP
Alliance Greens/EFA ECR Greens/EFA
Leader's seat Did not stand South West England (defeated) Scotland
Last election 3 seats, 6.9% 19 seats, 23.9% 2 seats, 2.5%
Seats won 7 4 3
Seat change 4 15 1
Popular vote 1,881,306 1,512,809 594,553
Percentage 11.8% 8.8% 3.6%
Swing 4.9% 15.1% 1.1%
Results of the 2019 EU Election in the UK by local authorities.

Initially no election was planned in the United Kingdom, as Brexit (following the 2016 referendum) was set for 29 March 2019. However, at the European summit on 11 April 2019 the British government and the European Council agreed to delay British withdrawal until 31 October 2019. While it was then the default position in UK and EU law for the election to take place, the UK Government continued attempts to avoid participation by agreeing on withdrawal before 23 May.[3] On 7 May 2019, the UK government conceded that the election would go ahead.[4]

The election was the ninth time the United Kingdom had elected MEPs to the European Parliament (and the fourth for Gibraltar). Candidate nominations were submitted by 16:00 on 25 April 2019, and voter registration was completed on 7 May 2019.[5][6] The MEPs sat until 31 January 2020.

Brexit was the central issue of the election campaign;[7] arguments were made that it was a proxy for a second Brexit referendum.[8][9] The election was won by the Brexit Party who won the most votes and became the largest single national party in the European Parliament, being the dominant choice of those who had voted to leave the European Union. The votes of those who had voted to remain were more fragmented: the Liberal Democrats made substantial gains, finishing second nationally, while the Green Party of England and Wales and Scottish National Party also improved on their 2014 results; however, Change UK failed to win any seats. Compared to the 2014 result, the Labour Party suffered heavy losses, while the Conservative Party lost all but four of its MEPs. The previously dominant UK Independence Party failed to elect any MEPs.

In Northern Ireland, the Republican pro-Remain Sinn Féin and the Unionist pro-Leave Democratic Unionist Party both held their seats, while the Ulster Unionist Party lost its seat to the pro-Remain non-sectarian Alliance Party. In Scotland, the Scottish National Party elected three MEPs, while Labour lost both its MEPs and failed to win a seat in Scotland at a European election for the first time in its history. In Wales, the Brexit Party became the largest party, while the nationalist Plaid Cymru came second. The Liberal Democrats became the largest party in London.

The election was the first national poll in the United Kingdom since December 1910 in which a successor party to the Liberal Party reached higher than third place in the number of votes or seats, and the first ever national election in which the Conservative Party received less than 10% of the votes cast.

Voting eligibility

To vote in the election, individuals had to be:

  • on the Electoral Register;[6]
  • aged 18 or over on election day;[6]
  • a British, Irish, Commonwealth or European Union citizen;[10]
  • resident at an address in the UK, or a British citizen living abroad who has been registered to vote in the UK in the 15 years before the election;[6][a][11] and
  • not legally excluded from voting[6] (for example, a convicted person detained in prison or a mental hospital, or unlawfully at large if they would otherwise have been detained,[12] or a person found guilty of certain corrupt or illegal practices)[13]

Individuals had to be registered to vote by midnight on 7 May 2019.[14] A person with two homes, such as a university student with a term-time address but living at home during holidays, could be registered to vote at both addresses as long as they are not in the same electoral area, but could vote in only one constituency at the election.[15]

European Union citizens (except for British, Irish, Cypriot and Maltese citizens) also had to submit a European Parliament voter registration form (also known as Form UC1 or Form EC6)[16] by midnight on 7 May 2019 to confirm that they would vote in the European Parliament election only in the UK, and not in their home country.[14][17] However, in the top 10 local authorities with EU citizens, only 21% of EU citizens who were on the Electoral Register returned this form by the deadline.[18] EU citizens who did not submit this form were unable to vote in the election.[19]

Constituencies

Further information: European Parliament constituencies in the United Kingdom and List of members of the European Parliament for the United Kingdom, 2014–2019

The United Kingdom was divided into 12 multi-member constituencies: the nine regions of England, plus Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Gibraltar was assigned to the South West England constituency. As had been the case since 1999, the English electoral constituencies were based on the government's nine English regions. The seat allocation was the same as in 2014.

The breakdown of seats just prior to the election was:

Party Faction in European Parliament
Labour Party 18   Socialists and Democrats 185
Conservative Party 18 European Conservatives and Reformists 74
Brexit Party 14 Europe of Freedom and Direct Democracy 43
Independent 6 3
1   Europe of Nations and Freedom 36
1 European People's Party 218
1 Non-Inscrits 21
UK Independence Party 3 2   Europe of Nations and Freedom 36
1 Non-Inscrits 21
Green Party of England and Wales 3 Greens–European Free Alliance 52
Scottish National Party 2
Plaid Cymru 1
Liberal Democrats 1   Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe 68
Social Democratic Party 1 Europe of Freedom and Direct Democracy 43
Ulster Unionist Party 1 European Conservatives and Reformists 74
Sinn Féin 1   European United Left–Nordic Green Left 52
Democratic Unionist Party 1 Non-Inscrits 21
Change UK 1   European People's Party 218
  Vacant 2   Vacant 2
Total 73 Total 750

Electoral method

 
A polling station in Moorpool, Harborne, Birmingham, within the West Midlands constituency on 23 May 2019

In Great Britain, candidates stood on either a party list, known as a closed list, in a set order of priority decided by that party, or as an independent. Voters chose a party (not an individual party candidate) or an independent candidate. Seats would then be allocated proportionally to the share of votes cast for each party or individual candidate in the electoral region using the D'Hondt method of calculation. The first seat was allocated to the party or individual with the highest number of votes. After each seat was allocated to a party, for the purpose of allocating further seats that party's total votes would then be divided by one plus the number of seats already allocated to that party, to give the party's quotient. The second and subsequent seats were allocated in turn to the party or independent candidate with the greatest quotient.[20]

The Northern Ireland constituency used the single transferable vote (STV) system to allocate its three MEPs. Voters ranked the candidates sequentially, in the order of their choice.

Background

Expected cancellation and contingency planning

The United Kingdom invoked Article 50 of the Treaty on the European Union on 29 March 2017 following a referendum on 23 June 2016 to leave the European Union. As a result, the country was due to leave the EU on 29 March 2019, before the European Parliament elections took place. Nonetheless, on 27 May 2018, it was reported that the UK's Electoral Commission had set aside £829,000 for its "activities relating to a European Parliamentary election in 2019". The Commission described the money as a "precautionary measure, so that we have the necessary funds to deliver our functions at a European Parliamentary election, in the unlikely event that they do go ahead".[21][22][23]

The European Parliament resolution of 7 February 2018 on the composition of the European Parliament (2017/2054(INL) – 2017/0900(NLE)) included these clauses:

  • H7 refers to the re-allocation of some UK seats following the UK withdrawal from the EU, stating: "Underlines that the seats to be vacated by the United Kingdom upon its withdrawal from the European Union will facilitate the adoption of a new allocation of seats in Parliament, which will implement the principle of degressive proportionality; further underlines that the new allocation proposed would allow for a reduction in the size of Parliament; notes that the use of only a fraction of the seats vacated by the United Kingdom is sufficient to ensure no loss of seats for any Member State".
  • H6 has a contingency for the situation that the UK does not leave the EU before the 2019 election, stating that "in case the above mentioned legal situation concerning the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the European Union changes, the allocation of seats applied during the 2014–2019 parliamentary term should apply until the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union becomes legally effective".[24]

The European Council also drew up contingency plans allowing the UK to retain its MEPs were Brexit to be postponed:[25]

However, in the event that the United Kingdom is still a Member State of the Union at the beginning of the 2019–2024 parliamentary term, the number of representatives in the European Parliament per Member State taking up office shall be the one provided for in Article 3 of the European Council Decision 2013/312/EU until the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the Union becomes legally effective.[26]

Official preparations

After Brexit was delayed beyond its initial planned date of 29 March 2019, the possibility of a sufficiently long delay so as to require the election to take place became more apparent. The period for withdrawal under Article 50 was first extended, with the unanimous approval of the European Council, until 12 April 2019[27][28] – the deadline for informing the EU of the intention to hold an election.[29] By early April, the House of Commons had voted again to extend the withdrawal period, and a deadline of 31 October 2019 was agreed between the UK and the Council. The UK Government therefore ordered preparations for the election,[30] with the deadline for candidate nominations on 24 April for the South West England region and 25 April for all other regions.

Nevertheless, ratification of a withdrawal agreement by the UK and European parliaments would still have permitted the UK to leave before October. Had this occurred before 23 May, the United Kingdom and Gibraltar would not have taken part in the 2019 European Parliament elections scheduled for that day.[31] On 7 May, the UK Government announced that it would not be able to obtain ratification in time to prevent the elections, although it still aimed to ratify the withdrawal agreement before October.[32] Later in May, it also acknowledged that the MEPs elected would take up their seats, with Brexit not due to happen until after 2 July.[33]

Campaign background

The two major UK political parties, the Conservatives and Labour, saw the prospect of elections for the European Parliament (while the UK was due to leave the European Union) as problematic, with both having been keen to avoid this scenario.[34] The backdrop of ongoing debate around Brexit was expected to be a very significant factor in how people voted, with the election seen by many as a "proxy referendum" on whether the country should leave the EU or not.[7] Commentators[who?] suggested that the vote share for the Conservatives and Labour could fall, with voters moving towards a number of pro-Leave or pro-Remain parties,[35] and this did indeed happen.

The Conservative government had made several attempts to get the Withdrawal Agreement that it had negotiated with the EU approved by the House of Commons, which would have allowed for Brexit before the election. All these having failed, the Conservatives entered into cross-party talks with the Labour Party to see whether they could agree a withdrawal plan.[36] These talks were still ongoing as of 10 May 2019,[37] but eventually failed.

The election was seen as being significant for two new single-issue parties: the Brexit Party (supporting Brexit), and Change UK (supporting the UK remaining in the EU).[38][7]

Between the 2014 and 2019 elections, there were many changes to the breakdown of UK members due to defections and changes in affiliation. This table shows the number of MEPs in each party at both ends of the term:

Affiliation Members
At 2014 election At dissolution Change
Conservative 19 18   1
Labour 20 18   2
Brexit Party — 14   14
  Independent 0 6   6
Green 3 3  
UKIP 24 3   21
SNP 2 2  
Liberal Democrats 1 1  
Sinn Féin 1 1  
DUP 1 1  
Plaid Cymru 1 1  
Ulster Unionist 1 1  
SDP 0 1   1
Change UK — 1   1
Vacant seats 0 2   2
Total 73 73  

Candidates

Main article: Party lists in the 2019 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom

Nomination papers had to be submitted by 16:00 on the 19th working day before election day (25 April 2019).[39] To stand as a candidate, individuals had to be aged 18 or over on the date of nomination and a British or European Union citizen, or a Commonwealth citizen possessing indefinite leave to remain or not requiring leave to enter or remain in the UK.[40]

In April 2019, Labour said it had started its process for choosing candidates.[41][42] 16 out of the 20 MEPs elected last time applied to stand again.[3] The party's candidates were announced on 18 April, and included former Cabinet minister Andrew Adonis, former MP Katy Clark and the national co-ordinator of campaigning group Momentum Laura Parker.[43][44]

Following the prospect of a delay to Brexit, Conservative Party MEPs were asked by their delegation leader if they would consider standing again if there were a delay that would mean the UK staying in the EU beyond the date of the next European Parliament election.[45][46] Fifteen of the party's 18 MEPs stood again as lead candidates for their respective regions.[47]

The Brexit Party ran candidates for all 70 seats in Great Britain, with leader Nigel Farage, himself a former UKIP leader, standing in the South East England region, and former Conservative candidate Annunziata Rees-Mogg standing in the East Midlands region.[38][48][49] Writer Claire Fox, formerly of the Revolutionary Communist Party, and former Conservative MP Ann Widdecombe both also stood.[50][51]

The UK Independence Party selected its three remaining MEPs as candidates, along with social media activist Carl Benjamin and YouTuber Mark Meechan.[52]

The Green Party of England and Wales and the corresponding party in Scotland, the Scottish Greens, began their candidate selection processes in March.[53][54] The Green Party of England and Wales announced a full slate of candidates for England and Wales on 24 April 2019, including one of its three outgoing MEPs, Molly Scott Cato.[55] Other candidates included Catherine Rowett, Rupert Read and former Lord Mayor of Sheffield, Magid Magid.[56][57]

The Liberal Democrats announced their selected candidates for England and Wales on 17 April 2019 following a membership vote. The party's sole incumbent MEP, Catherine Bearder, was re-selected as its lead candidate for South East England, while former MEPs Chris Davies, Fiona Hall, Bill Newton Dunn and Phil Bennion were selected as lead candidates for their respective regions. Other candidates included in London the entrepreneur Dinesh Dhamija and the former leader of the People's Alliance of Tower Hamlets, Rabina Khan, and former MPs Martin Horwood and Stephen Williams in the South West. The party also stood a full slate in Scotland.[58]

Change UK said it had had 3,700 applicants to be candidates, including former MPs from both the Labour Party and the Conservative Party.[59] Their candidates included writer Rachel Johnson (sister of Conservative MP Boris Johnson and formerly of the Liberal Democrats), former BBC journalist Gavin Esler,[50] former Conservative MPs Stephen Dorrell and Neil Carmichael, former Labour MEP Carole Tongue, former Labour MPs Roger Casale and Jon Owen Jones, former Liberal Democrat MEP Diana Wallis,[60] and former deputy Prime Minister of Poland Jacek Rostowski.[61] It stood 70 candidates (all of Great Britain, but not Northern Ireland).[50] Two of its candidates subsequently withdrew from the ballot due to reports that they had made misogynistic and racist remarks.[62]

Jill Evans, Plaid Cymru's sole MEP, stood as the party's lead candidate as part of a full slate for the Wales constituency.[63]

The Women's Equality Party stood in the London constituency,[64] with the party's co-founder Catherine Mayer as the lead candidate.[65]

Far-right activist Tommy Robinson stood as an independent for the North West England constituency.[66][67]

Further parties and independent candidates also stood, including the English Democrats and the Yorkshire Party.[68]

Nine candidates, seven in London and two in South West England, were part of the new Climate Emergency Independents group. They took part in and were inspired by the Extinction Rebellion protests. However, as they were not a registered political party, they were all listed as separate independents on the ballot paper.[69]

Patrick O'Flynn, the Social Democratic Party's sole MEP, who defected to the SDP after originally being elected for UKIP, stated in April 2019 that the party would not be standing candidates at the election.[70]

Northern Ireland

Parties with a sitting MEP European affiliation
Democratic Unionist Party NI
Sinn Féin GUE/NGL
Ulster Unionist Party ECR

Northern Ireland has a different party system to Great Britain, dominated by regional parties, and using single transferable vote rather than the party list system.

Two of the three sitting MEPs contested the election: Martina Anderson for Sinn Féin and Diane Dodds for the Democratic Unionist Party.[71][72] Jim Nicholson, who had represented the Ulster Unionist Party since 1989, retired, with Danny Kennedy instead running for the party.

Three parties selected their leaders as candidates: Colum Eastwood for the SDLP,[73] Naomi Long for the Alliance Party,[74][75] and Clare Bailey for the Green Party.[72]

UKIP nominated Robert Hill as their candidate.[76] The Conservative Party also nominated a candidate,[77] making the Conservatives and UKIP the only two parties to stand candidates in all regions across the UK.

In April 2019, Jane Morrice, co-founder of the Northern Ireland Women's Coalition and a former deputy speaker of the Northern Ireland Assembly, announced she was standing as an independent on a pro-Remain platform.[78]

Parties in the election

Political party Standing in
Alliance Party Northern Ireland only
Animal Welfare Party London only
Brexit Party All constituencies except Northern Ireland
Change UK All constituencies except Northern Ireland
Conservative Party All constituencies
Democratic Unionist Party Northern Ireland only
English Democrats East of England, North West England,
South West England, Yorkshire and the Humber
Green Party in Northern Ireland Northern Ireland only
Green Party of England and Wales England and Wales only
Labour Party All constituencies except Northern Ireland
Liberal Democrats All constituencies except Northern Ireland
Plaid Cymru Wales only
Scottish Green Party Scotland only
Scottish National Party Scotland only
Sinn Féin Northern Ireland only
Social Democratic and Labour Party Northern Ireland only
Socialist Party of Great Britain South East England only
Traditional Unionist Voice Northern Ireland only
UK European Union Party London, North West England, South East England
UK Independence Party All constituencies
Ulster Unionist Party Northern Ireland only
Women's Equality Party London only
Yorkshire Party Yorkshire and the Humber only

Campaign

Labour

In early 2019 there was an ongoing debate within Labour as to what its policy should be with respect to Brexit. On 20 April, the party's deputy leader Tom Watson argued the party needed to back a second referendum on Brexit in order to present a clear alternative to and beat the Brexit Party, but that was not Labour's preferred option.[79] A draft of a Labour leaflet that made no reference to a second referendum provoked a public row,[80] including more than 90 Labour MPs and MEPs writing to the party's National Executive Committee (NEC) in protest.[81] On 27 April, Labour announced that the original leaflet draft was to be redrafted to include details of the party's preparations for a general election, with a referendum if necessary to avoid what it called a "bad Tory deal".[82]

Labour's manifesto for the elections was agreed at an NEC meeting on 30 April, re-affirming its 2018 policy that it will first seek a Brexit deal on its terms (including a Customs Union), but if that is not possible, it will seek a general election, and, if that is not possible, a second referendum. Only one vote was held at the meeting, on an amendment from the TSSA union that sought to commit Labour to a referendum on any Brexit deal, but this was rejected by a what NEC sources called a "clear" margin.[83] Retiring Labour MEP Mary Honeyball criticised this as "Not good enough"[84] and some Labour Party members destroyed their membership cards in protest.[85] However, some Remain-supporting Labour MPs, and Labour MPs sceptical of a second referendum, welcomed the decision.[84] Watson had walked out of the Shadow Cabinet meeting earlier on 30 April in protest at Shadow Cabinet members not being shown the draft manifesto.[86][87]

Labour's 9 May campaign launch stressed bringing the country together. Jeremy Corbyn talked of a "healing process" between those who supported Leave and Remain.[88] By mid-May, Watson and Labour's Shadow Brexit Secretary Keir Starmer were arguing for a second referendum, yet their shadow international trade secretary Barry Gardiner stated "Labour is not a Remain party now".[89] In most voting areas, e.g. Scotland and South West England, all Labour candidates stated their support for a second referendum,[90] with the UK's longest-serving MEP, David Martin (Labour) and the Labour Leader in the European Parliament Richard Corbett MEP among those calling for the country to stay in the EU.[91] Polling in mid-May suggested both Labour supporters and the electorate in general were split as to whether Labour supported remaining or leaving the EU.[90]

Conservative

The Conservative government was hopeful of agreeing a withdrawal deal with the EU soon enough that UK MEPs would not take up their seats. The party did not spend any central money on candidate campaigning, did not publish a manifesto and did not hold a campaign launch. One Conservative MEP said that the deficit of campaigning would be used as an excuse if the party does poorly in the elections. Many party activists were demotivated given the failure of the government to deliver Brexit.[35] Conservative councillors in Derbyshire boycotted the European elections and refused to campaign in protest.[92] A survey of 781 Conservative councillors found that 40% plan to vote for the Brexit Party.[93] Conservative MPs, including Lucy Allan, tweeted positive comments about the Brexit Party. In response, the Conservative Party issued a warning that individuals campaigning for or endorsing other parties will be expelled from the party.[94]

The Prime Minister and leader of the Conservative Party, Theresa May, had announced her intention to resign before the next general election, but further pressure mounted on her to be clear about her timetable for departure, with May meeting the party's 1922 Committee on the matter on 16 May 2019.[95] This resulted in May agreeing to stand down by 30 June 2019.[96] Campaigning by possible successors accelerated after the local elections.[citation needed]

UKIP

UKIP argued it was "the authentic party of Brexit, the true party of Leave", to quote party leader Gerard Batten.[97] Alongside the Conservatives, UKIP was one of two Brexit-supporting parties fielding a candidate in every region of the United Kingdom, including Northern Ireland.[70] Batten criticised the rival Brexit Party as having no policies. UKIP launched its campaign on 18 April. There was renewed criticism surrounding its candidate Carl Benjamin for telling Labour MP Jess Phillips "I wouldn't even rape you" on Twitter in 2016, and producing a satirical video.[98][99][100] Further controversy came as one of UKIP's sitting MEPs Stuart Agnew addressed a pro-apartheid club of expat South Africans in London that reportedly had links to the far-right.[101]

Brexit Party

Nigel Farage, the Brexit Party and former UKIP leader, said that there was "no difference between the Brexit party and UKIP in terms of policy, [but] in terms of personnel, there's a vast difference", criticising UKIP's connections to the far right.[102] On 15 April 2019, three more sitting female UKIP MEPs defected to the Brexit Party, criticising UKIP's nomination of Benjamin as a candidate. In particular, Collins noted UKIP leader Gerard Batten's defence of Benjamin's "use of a non-rape threat as 'satire'" to be an especially compelling factor.[103] Two further UKIP MEPs moved to the Brexit Party on 17 April. On 23 April, Farage said that the Brexit Party was not "here just to get a process vote on 23 May – far from it, 23 May for us is just the beginning".[104] He also argued that the better the performance of the Brexit Party, the lower the chance of a second referendum on Brexit.[105] Farage argued that should the Brexit Party get most votes in the elections, his party should get a seat at the UK/EU negotiations.[89]

Liberal Democrats, Green Party and Change UK

The three main nationwide pro-European Union parties standing in the election, Liberal Democrats, Greens and Change UK, wished to treat the election as a "soft referendum" on Europe.[106] Commentators such as Marina Hyde raised the concern of a split vote among pro-Remain parties reducing the number of pro-Remain MEPs being elected.[107][108] Vince Cable, the leader of the Liberal Democrats, proposed standing joint candidates with the Greens and Change UK on a common policy of seeking a second referendum on Brexit, but the other parties rejected the idea.[109] Change UK's co-founder Chuka Umunna confirmed the Lib Dem approach, but he[108] and Change UK interim leader Heidi Allen dismissed concerns of a split Remain vote.[110] Independent MEP Julie Girling, then supporting Change UK, said she had decided not to stand for re-election as a Change UK candidate because of the concern about maximising the Remain vote.[111] On 10 May, she endorsed the Liberal Democrats.[112][113] Change UK and Girling clarified that she had not been and was not a Change UK MEP, with Girling saying she sat as an independent MEP.[114] On 15 May, David Macdonald, the lead candidate for Change UK in Scotland, switched to endorsing the Liberal Democrats in order not to split the pro-Remain vote.[115] On 22 May, Allen said that she and another Change UK MP, Sarah Wollaston, wanted to advise Remain supporters to vote Liberal Democrat outside of London and South East England, but they were overruled by other party members.[116][117]

The Greens said that joint lists were not "desirable" and that there were "fundamental ideological differences" on other issues between the parties that wanted a second referendum.[118] The Green Party campaigned on a platform calling for action on climate change as well as an anti-Brexit platform.[119]

The Liberal Democrats ran on a "stop Brexit" message,[120] seeking the support of those who wanted the UK to remain in the EU.[38] At his party's campaign launch on 26 April, Cable lamented that it was not standing on a common platform with other parties opposed to Brexit.[120] It launched its manifesto on 9 May, unveiling its campaign slogan "Bollocks to Brexit," which attracted considerable media debate.[121][122] Polling in the final fortnight put the Liberal Democrats ahead of the other pro-Remain parties and overtaking Labour in some polls.[123][124]

Change UK (which in early April was still known as the Independent Group) saw the election as an important launchpad for its new party,[7] seeking to turn the ballot into a "proxy referendum" on Brexit.[125] On 16 April 2019, two former Conservative MEPs, who had left the party to sit as independents within the European People's Party grouping, announced their support for Change UK.[126] The Renew Party agreed to support Change UK at the elections, and the latter included candidates from Renew's approved list.[127] Molly Scott Cato, a sitting MEP for the Green Party of England and Wales, criticised Change UK as "a single-issue party with no coherent policy platform beyond opposing Brexit".[128]

Other parties

The SNP campaign launch was marred by tens of thousands of personalised letters being sent to the wrong people.[129][130] The mistake was reported to be in the data supplied by SNP HQ, run by Peter Murrell, husband of SNP leader Nicola Sturgeon. The party apologised for the error: the party referred itself to the Information Commissioner's Office[131] and may be fined.[132]

The DUP campaigned on sending a message to "get on with Brexit".[133]

Later events

Local elections were held in most of England and all of Northern Ireland on 2 May. The results saw both Conservatives and Labour losing seats in what The Guardian called a "Brexit backlash" while the Liberal Democrats, Greens and independents made gains. The Liberal Democrats made the biggest gains which the Lib Dem leader Vince Cable put down to a rejection of the Conservatives and Labour over their Brexit approaches.[134] Stephen Bush, writing in the New Statesman, argued that the Lib Dem success in the local elections make it the most likely party for Remain voters to rally around at the European elections[135] while James Moore in The Independent described them as having the "momentum" leading into the European elections.[136] Alliance (the Lib Dems' sister party in Northern Ireland), other smaller parties and independents also made significant gains in the local elections in Northern Ireland.[137]

On 18 May, former Conservative Deputy Prime Minister and sitting Conservative peer Michael Heseltine said he would vote for the Liberal Democrats instead of the Conservatives because of his own party's support for Brexit.[138] Heseltine subsequently had the Conservative whip suspended, owing to his comments.[139]

Polling after the local elections saw the Brexit Party in front, followed by Labour, with the Liberal Democrats taking third from the Conservatives.[140][141] Conservative sources predicted the party could come even lower than fourth.[35] By the weekend before the vote, the Labour Party was concerned at the increased polling for the Liberal Democrats, which came above Labour in London and in some national polls.[123]

On 17 May, Labour left talks that had been held to find a Brexit deal with the Conservative government.[142] May then proposed to bring a new deal to the House of Commons for a vote in early June, which she described as an "improved package of measures",[143] after which she was expected to step down as Prime Minister and leader of the Conservative Party.

The campaign saw multiple cases of milkshakes being thrown at controversial MEP candidates on the right.[144] The protests began against Carl Benjamin, the anti-feminist social media activist who had attracted controversy for jokes about rape,[145][146] and activist Tommy Robinson.[147] They later extended to Nigel Farage, leader of the Brexit Party. Police asked a Scottish fast food outlet near where a Farage rally was taking place not to sell milkshakes on the night of the event.[148]

On 21 May, the Prime Minister and Leader of the Conservative Party, Theresa May made a speech outlining her plan to introduce an EU withdrawal agreement bill in June that would allow the Commons to make amendments, e.g. in favour of a Customs Union or a second referendum, but this was received badly by much of her own party as well as by other parties.[149] There were growing calls for her to resign on 22 May, the day before the election.[149] Andrea Leadsom, the Leader of the House of Commons, resigned on the evening of 22 May. May had planned to publish the bill on Friday 24 May, but on polling day, she abandoned that plan, with publication delayed until early June.[150] On the day after the vote, May announced that she would resign as party leader on 7 June.[151]

There were several reports on the day of problems encountered by non-UK UK-resident EU citizens not being able to vote because their paperwork had not been processed in time, with opposition politicians raising concerns as to whether there had been systemic failures.[150][152][153] At least three councils admitted that the compressed timescale of the election meant that they had not been able to send postal ballots out in time for some voters overseas.[154] A report by The Guardian after the election found that there were low levels of completion of UC1 forms, required by UK-resident EU citizens in order for them to vote in the UK, in many parts of the country.[155] After the election, the European Commission complained to the UK government about the "obstacles" faced by EU citizens in voting.[156] A month later, the Dutch Interior Ministry stated that almost half the local UK registration officials had failed to send the UC1 data to the Dutch authorities, and that a portion of the data sent was unusable, despite complaints by the Dutch government about similar issues in 2014.[157]

Between the vote and the count

Because results could not be announced until the last European Union member country's polls had closed, and most countries in the EU voted on Sunday, the counting of UK ballots started on Sunday 26 May 2019.[158]

Within a day of the polls closing, two party leaders and one deputy party leader announced their plans to resign. On 24 May, Theresa May announced her plan to resign as leader of the Conservative Party on 7 June, which would trigger a leadership contest. On the same day, Mike Hookem resigned as deputy leader of UKIP in order to challenge for the leadership.[159] Vince Cable, leader of the Liberal Democrats, had previously stated his intention to stand down after the local elections and European Parliament elections. The party's leadership contest officially started on 24 May.[160]

Two Labour politicians announced their departures from the party after the vote: departing MEP Mary Honeyball[161] and former Welsh AM Leighton Andrews; Andrews said he had voted Green.[162] Both criticised Labour over alleged antisemitism and their failure to oppose Brexit.[161][162] Alastair Campbell, formerly Director of Communications for the Labour Party, said he had voted for a pro-Remain party, the first time in his life he had not voted Labour.[163] He later revealed that he voted for the Liberal Democrats[164][165] and was expelled from the Labour Party.[166]

Party Brexit positions

Party Brexit position Withdrawal agreement position Manifesto Position Details
Labour Ambiguous Opposed Deal with EU In favour of a permanent customs union with the EU.[167] If it could not obtain agreement on its Brexit plan or an early general election, the party supported "the option of a public vote".[168][169]
Conservative Leave Supported Deal with EU In favour of leaving the EU with the withdrawal agreement negotiated by the current Conservative government.
Brexit Party Leave Opposed No deal Brexit In favour of "no deal" Brexit; opposed a customs union or membership of the single market.[170][171]
UKIP Leave Opposed No deal Brexit In favour of "no deal" Brexit without a formal withdrawal agreement.[172]
Green (E&W) Remain Opposed Second referendum In favour of a second referendum.[173]
SNP Remain
Opposed Second referendum In favour of Scotland remaining in the single market and customs union. Supported a second referendum and an independent Scotland within the EU.[174]
Liberal Democrats Remain Opposed Revoke Article 50 to Stop Brexit Sought to stop Brexit. In favour of a second referendum, in which they would campaign for Remain.[175][176]
Democratic Unionist Leave Opposed Deal with EU Concerns over a perceived risk to Northern Ireland's position in the United Kingdom due to the Irish border "backstop" issue.[177]
Plaid Cymru Remain Opposed Second referendum In favour of a second referendum, and potentially of an independence referendum for Wales if Brexit were to occur without continued membership of single market.[178][179][180]
Sinn Féin Remain Supported In favour of "designated special status" for Northern Ireland remaining in the EU. Supported a border poll on Northern Ireland uniting with Ireland in the event of "no deal" Brexit.[181][182][183][184]
Ulster Unionist Leave Opposed Deal with EU Concerns based over the Northern Irish "backstop" issue.[185][186]
Change UK Remain Opposed Second referendum In favour of a second referendum,[50] in which it would campaign for Remain.[176]

Among other parties, the SDLP opposed Brexit and supported a second referendum, but it supported the withdrawal agreement if Brexit is to take place.[187][188] The Alliance Party opposed Brexit,[189][190] while TUV supported it.[191][192]

Debates

A livestreamed debate was held by The Daily Telegraph between Nigel Farage, leader of the Brexit Party, and Vince Cable, leader of the Liberal Democrats.[193]

A debate was held by the BBC in Northern Ireland, with candidates of the main regional parties represented.[194] The BBC also held a debate between the lead candidates of all parties standing in Wales.[195]

Endorsements

Main article: Endorsements in the 2019 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom

Newspapers

Newspaper Endorsement
Daily Mail Conservative Party, Brexit Party in strategic electorates[196]
Evening Standard Liberal Democrats[197]
The Guardian   Pro-EU candidates[198]
The News Letter (Belfast)   Unionist candidates[199]
The New Worker   No endorsement; encouraged a boycott[200]
The Observer   Pro-EU candidates[201]
Socialist Worker Labour Party[202]
Sunday Mail (Scotland) Scottish Green Party[203]
Sunday Mirror Labour Party[204]

Opinion polls

Main article: Opinion polling for the 2019 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom

The chart below depicts opinion polls conducted in Great Britain for the 2019 European Parliament elections in the UK; trendlines are local regressions (LOESS). There was regular polling from mid-March. The share for the Brexit Party rose rapidly, and it led the polls from late April. The share for the Labour Party declined over the period, but they came second in most polls. Polling for the Liberal Democrats started rising towards the end of April, with most polls predicting they would come third. Polling for the Conservative Party fell over the period, with most polls predicting it would come fourth.

 

Results

Main article: Results of the 2019 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom

Results were declared for Wales and most of England on Sunday evening,[164] with results for the rest of England and for Scotland coming on Monday. Results for Northern Ireland were clear by the end of Monday.[158][205]

Results of the 2019 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom[206]
Party Alliance Votes Seats
Number % +/− Seats +/− %
Brexit Party NI 5,248,533 30.5 new party 29 new party 39.7
Liberal Democrats ALDE 3,367,284 19.6  13.0 16  15 21.9
Labour Party S&D 2,347,255 13.7  10.8 10  10 13.7
Green Party of England and Wales G/EFA 1,881,306 11.8  4.0 7  4 9.6
Conservative Party ECR 1,512,809 8.8  14.3 4  15 5.5
Scottish National Party G/EFA 594,553 3.5  1.1 3  1 4.1
Plaid Cymru G/EFA 163,928 1.0  0.3 1   1.4
Sinn Féin GUE/NGL 126,951 0.7  0.2 1   1.4
Democratic Unionist Party NI 124,991 0.7  0.1 1   1.4
Alliance Party of Northern Ireland ALDE 105,928 0.6  0.3 1  1 1.4
Change UK EPP[party 1] 571,846 3.3 new party 0 new party 0
UK Independence Party — 554,463 3.2  23.4 0  24 0
Scottish Greens G/EFA 129,603 0.8  0.1 0   0
Social Democratic and Labour Party S&D 78,589 0.5  0.0 0   0
Traditional Unionist Voice NI 62,021 0.4  0.1 0   0
Ulster Unionist Party ECR 53,052 0.3  0.2 0  1 0
Yorkshire Party G/EFA 50,842 0.3  0.2 0   0
English Democrats — 39,938 0.2  0.6 0   0
UK European Union Party — 33,576 0.2 new party 0 new party 0
Animal Welfare Party APEU 25,232 0.2  0.0 0   0
Women's Equality Party — 23,766 0.1 new party 0 new party 0
Green Party Northern Ireland G/EFA 12,471 0.1  0.0 0   0
Independent Network — 7,641 <0.1 new party 0   0
Socialist Party of Great Britain — 3,505 <0.1  0.0 0   0
Independent — 80,280 0.5  0.5 0   0
Valid Votes 17,199,701 99.92 73   0
Rejected Votes 15,138 0.08
Overall turnout 17,214,839 37.18  1.4
  1. ^ Change UK's sole MEP before the election, Richard Ashworth, was a member of the EPP group.

Results by constituency and local areas

 
 
Results by country/region (left) and by local authority areas (right). The Brexit Party won every region in England and Wales, except London, where the Liberal Democrats came top. The SNP was the largest party in Scotland and Sinn Féin in Northern Ireland. At the local authority level, the Brexit Party won most areas in England and Wales, and the SNP most in Scotland, with the Liberal Democrats, Labour, Plaid Cymru and the Green Party winning the remainder.
Constituency Elected MEPs
East Midlands
Brx
Brx
Brx
LD
Lab
 		 
East of England
Brx
Brx
Brx
LD
LD
Grn
Con
 		 
London
Brx
Brx
LD
LD
LD
Lab
Lab
Grn
 		 
North East England
Brx
Brx
Lab
 		 
North West England
Brx
Brx
Brx
LD
LD
Lab
Lab
Grn
 		 
South East England
Brx
Brx
Brx
Brx
LD
LD
LD
Lab
Grn
Con
South West England
Brx
Brx
Brx
LD
LD
Grn
 		 
West Midlands
Brx
Brx
Brx
LD
Lab
Grn
Con
 		 
Yorkshire and the Humber
Brx
Brx
Brx
LD
Lab
Grn
 		 
Scotland
Brx
LD
Con
SNP
SNP
SNP
 		 
Wales
Brx
Brx
Lab
PC
 		 
Northern Ireland
SF
APNI
DUP
 		 

Vote share by constituency (GB only)

Percentage shares of the votes cast
Party East
Midlands 		East of
England 		London North East
England 		North West
England 		South East
England 		South West
England 		West
Midlands 		Yorkshire
and the
Humber 		Scotland Wales
Brexit 38.2 37.8 17.9 38.7 31.2 36.1 36.7 37.7 36.5 14.8 32.5
Liberal Democrats 17.2 22.6 27.2 16.8 17.2 25.8 23.1 16.3 15.5 13.8 13.6
Labour 13.9 8.7 23.9 19.4 21.9 7.3 6.5 17.0 16.3 9.3 15.3
Green 10.5 12.7 12.5 8.1 12.5 13.5 18.1 10.7 13.0 8.2 6.3
Conservative 10.7 10.3 7.8 6.8 7.6 10.3 8.7 10.0 7.2 11.6 6.5
SNP 37.8
Plaid Cymru 19.6

Analysis

 
Estimated results of the 2019 European Parliament election for House of Commons constituencies in Great Britain. Dr. Chris Hanretty, a Reader in Politics at the University of East Anglia, estimated through a demographic model the most likely result by parliamentary constituency should it be repeated at a general election, concluding that the Brexit Party would have won a majority with 414 seats.[207][208][209]

The Brexit Party was the largest party, gaining five more seats than UKIP achieved in 2014. Nigel Farage, as leader of UKIP in 2014 and the Brexit Party in 2019, became the first person to lead two different parties that topped a national election. The Brexit party came first in Wales and in eight of the nine English constituencies. It finished third in London.[164] The Brexit Party polled highest in regions that voted Leave in the Brexit referendum.[210]

The Liberal Democrats came second. This was its best performance in a national election since the 2010 general election and its best ever in a European Parliament election.[164] This was the first time it or its predecessor parties had come second in a national election since before the Second World War. It was the largest party in the London constituency, the largest party in the second-highest number of English reporting areas, and the only party other than the SNP to top any Scottish reporting area.[164]

The Labour Party was third overall. It did not come first in any constituency. This was its worst result in Wales for nearly a century; it did not come first in any reporting area in Wales or Scotland.[164] Labour's vote fell in both Remain and Leave areas.[210]

The Greens came fourth, with their best performance since the 1989 European elections. The Green Party of England and Wales was the largest party in three reporting areas.[164]

The Conservative Party came fifth, and was not the largest party in any reporting area, polling below 10% for the first time in the party's history.[164] It lost votes across the country, but did worst in Remain areas. The combined share for Labour and the Conservatives was 23%, well below their previous (post-Second World War) low of 43.5% in 2009.[210]

The SNP came sixth overall but first in the single Scottish constituency, the only one in which it stood candidates. It was the largest party in 30 of the 32 Scottish council areas.[211]

Plaid Cymru came second in Wales behind the Brexit Party, marking the first time it had beaten Labour in any Wales-wide election.[212] The closest result across the UK was in Wales, where the Liberal Democrats were 13,948 votes (1.7%) behind Labour for the last MEP.

In Northern Ireland, the three MEPs elected were from the Democratic Unionist Party, which advocates the continuation of the union with Great Britain, Sinn Féin, which campaigns for a united Ireland, and the cross-community Alliance Party. The latter two were opposed to Brexit. It was the first time that unionists had won fewer than two of the three seats, and the first time that all three MEPs were women.[213] The Alliance success was noted as an indicator for the rise of the "Others", who identify neither as Unionist nor Nationalist.[214]

Various analyses sought to combine vote shares for different parties together to index a pro-Remain or pro-Leave vote. A Press Association report aggregated support for explicitly anti-Brexit parties, defined as the LibDems, Greens, SNP, Plaid Cymru and Change UK, totalling 40.4%, versus that for those supporting a no-deal Brexit, the Brexit Party and UKIP, on 34.9% (figures are for Great Britain only, excluding Northern Ireland where there was a majority for anti-Brexit parties). That analysis excludes Labour on 14% and the Conservatives on 9%.[215][216][217] Guardian journalist Dan Sabbagh noted how there were several possible comparisons one could make, e.g. the Brexit Party (5.2 million votes) against the Liberal Democrats and Greens combined (5.4 million votes); or the Brexit Party, UKIP and the DUP (5.9 million votes) against the Liberal Democrats, Greens, Change UK, SNP, Plaid Cymru, Sinn Féin and Alliance (6.8 million votes).[217] In terms of seats, 34 were won by Leave-supporting parties and 39 by Remain-supporting parties (if Conservatives are counted for 'Leave'). Sabbagh, later followed by fellow Guardian journalist Polly Toynbee, tackled how to account for Labour and Conservative votes by adding them in based on polling as to how their supporters split—assigning 80% of Conservative voters to Leave and 60% of Labour voters to remain—in this way predicting a 50%-Remain-to-47%-Leave split in a second referendum.[217][216] However, BBC political journalist Laura Kuenssberg critiqued the whole endeavour of adding up different vote shares.[218] In terms of a comparison between Leave- and Remain-supporting parties, psephologist John Curtice simply described the result as a draw.[164][210]

A large post-vote poll commissioned by Michael Ashcroft estimated that 53% of those who voted Conservative in the 2017 general election voted for the Brexit Party, while 21% voted Conservative and 12% voted Liberal Democrat. 38% of those who voted Labour in 2017 supported the party at this election, while 22% voted Liberal Democrat, 17% Green and 13% Brexit Party. 69% of the LibDem voters of 2017 stayed with the party, while 13% voted Green and 7% Brexit Party. 24% of the UKIP voters of 2017 stayed with their party, but 68% switched to the Brexit Party. Among all voters, 50% said they had voted to remain in the referendum and 45% to leave; and 50% stated they now wanted to leave, and 46% stated they now wanted to remain.[219]

YouGov released polling suggesting 41% of Labour Party members voted for other parties at the European election (including 19% Green and 15% Liberal Democrat). Likewise, 67% of Conservative Party members voted for other parties (59% Brexit Party).[220]

Electoral Commission report

The Electoral Commission released its report on the election on 8 October 2019. The report highlighted the difficulties for EU27 citizens and British citizens abroad to vote, despite concerns raised after the 2014 European election.[221]

Reaction to results

The results were expected to push the Conservative Party towards a more hardline position with respect to Brexit and to lean towards electing a Brexiter in its leadership contest shortly afterward.[222]

Reacting to the results, the Shadow Foreign Secretary Emily Thornberry[223] and Deputy Leader Tom Watson[224] called for the Labour Party to change its policy to supporting a second referendum and remaining in the EU.[164] There was renewed debate within the Labour Party over their policy, but with a shift towards clearer support for a second referendum, including Jeremy Corbyn stating that although a general election would be Labour's preference, any Brexit deal "had to be put to a public vote",[222][225] but there was continuing criticism over the party's clarity on and Corbyn's commitment to another referendum.[226] A modified policy was announced in July.[227] Meanwhile, Leave supporters in the party were critical of any support for a second referendum.[228]

Alastair Campbell, having revealed he voted for the Liberal Democrats, was expelled from the Labour Party, but this decision was criticised by some in the party.[229] In response, former Labour Home Secretary Charles Clarke[230] and former Labour MP (until 2017) Fiona Mactaggart announced that they had also voted Liberal Democrat, while former Labour Cabinet member Bob Ainsworth announced he had voted Green.[231] A hashtag on Twitter in support, #expelmetoo, proved popular on social media.[232] Watson and Harriet Harman criticised the expulsion. Labour MP Owen Smith, among others, noted the juxtaposition of Campbell's expulsion on the same day that the EHRC opened an enquiry into anti-Semitism in Labour and the slow response to complaints of anti-Semitism.[233][232] It then emerged that Cherie Blair, wife of the former Labour Prime Minister Tony Blair, had also voted Liberal Democrat.[234] YouGov polling suggested 41% of Labour Party members voted for other parties (including 19% Green and 15% Liberal Democrat) at the election.[220]

General election polling shortly after the European elections showed continued support for the Brexit Party and the Liberal Democrats. A YouGov poll conducted on 28–29 May put the Liberal Democrats first and the Brexit Party second, with Labour and the Conservatives third. This was the first time a national poll had ever found that neither of the most popular two parties were Labour or the Conservatives.[235][236][237]

On 4 June 2019, in response to their poor performance in the elections, six of the eleven MPs in Change UK left the group to return to sitting as independents.[238] The party's former spokesperson, Chuka Umunna, announced on 13 June that he would be seeking to join the Liberal Democrats.[239]

MEPs not returning

MEPs not standing for re-election

Twenty-eight MEPs sitting at the end of the European Parliament's term did not seek re-election.[240]

Brexit Party

All originally elected as UKIP:

Conservative

Greens

Labour

Two additional Labour MEPs had already resigned ahead of the election, with their seats remaining vacant for the rest of the Parliament:

Independents elected as UKIP

Other

Incumbent MEPs defeated

Change UK

Conservative

Labour

UK Independence Party

See also

Footnotes

  1. ^ In the case of a British citizen who moved abroad before the age of 18, if a parent or guardian had been on the on Electoral Register in the UK in the 15 years before the election.

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External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 2019 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom.
  • House of Commons Briefings: 2019 UK European Parliament Election Results
  • European Parliament – Liaison Office in the United Kingdom
  • The Electoral Commission – European Parliamentary elections

Manifestos

  • Alliance
  • DUP
  • Green Party of England and Wales
  • Labour
  • Liberal Democrats
  • Sinn Féin

December 29, 2022
2019, european, parliament, election, united, kingdom, 2019, european, parliament, election, united, kingdom, component, 2019, european, parliament, election, held, thursday, 2019, results, were, announced, sunday, monday, 2019, after, other, countries, voted,. The 2019 European Parliament election was the United Kingdom s component of the 2019 European Parliament election held on Thursday 23 May 2019 and the results were announced on Sunday 26 and Monday 27 May 2019 after all the other EU countries had voted 2 This was the United Kingdom s final participation in a European Parliament election before leaving the European Union on 31 January 2020 and was also the last election to be held under the provisions of the European Parliamentary Elections Act 2002 before its repeal under the European Union Withdrawal Act 2018 2019 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom 2014 23 May 2019 outgoing memberselected members All 73 United Kingdom seats in the European ParliamentOpinion pollsTurnout37 2 1 1 4 First party Second party Third party Leader Nigel Farage Catherine Bearder Richard CorbettParty Brexit Party Liberal Democrats LabourAlliance Non Inscrits ALDE S amp DLeader s seat South East England South East England Yorkshire and the HumberLast election Did not contest 1 seat 6 6 20 seats 24 4 Seats won 29 16 10Seat change New party 15 10Popular vote 5 248 533 3 367 284 2 347 255Percentage 30 5 19 6 13 6 Swing New party 13 0 10 8 Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party Leader Jonathan Bartley and Sian Berry Ashley Fox Alyn SmithParty Green Conservative SNPAlliance Greens EFA ECR Greens EFALeader s seat Did not stand South West England defeated ScotlandLast election 3 seats 6 9 19 seats 23 9 2 seats 2 5 Seats won 7 4 3Seat change 4 15 1Popular vote 1 881 306 1 512 809 594 553Percentage 11 8 8 8 3 6 Swing 4 9 15 1 1 1 Results of the 2019 EU Election in the UK by local authorities Initially no election was planned in the United Kingdom as Brexit following the 2016 referendum was set for 29 March 2019 However at the European summit on 11 April 2019 the British government and the European Council agreed to delay British withdrawal until 31 October 2019 While it was then the default position in UK and EU law for the election to take place the UK Government continued attempts to avoid participation by agreeing on withdrawal before 23 May 3 On 7 May 2019 the UK government conceded that the election would go ahead 4 The election was the ninth time the United Kingdom had elected MEPs to the European Parliament and the fourth for Gibraltar Candidate nominations were submitted by 16 00 on 25 April 2019 and voter registration was completed on 7 May 2019 5 6 The MEPs sat until 31 January 2020 Brexit was the central issue of the election campaign 7 arguments were made that it was a proxy for a second Brexit referendum 8 9 The election was won by the Brexit Party who won the most votes and became the largest single national party in the European Parliament being the dominant choice of those who had voted to leave the European Union The votes of those who had voted to remain were more fragmented the Liberal Democrats made substantial gains finishing second nationally while the Green Party of England and Wales and Scottish National Party also improved on their 2014 results however Change UK failed to win any seats Compared to the 2014 result the Labour Party suffered heavy losses while the Conservative Party lost all but four of its MEPs The previously dominant UK Independence Party failed to elect any MEPs In Northern Ireland the Republican pro Remain Sinn Fein and the Unionist pro Leave Democratic Unionist Party both held their seats while the Ulster Unionist Party lost its seat to the pro Remain non sectarian Alliance Party In Scotland the Scottish National Party elected three MEPs while Labour lost both its MEPs and failed to win a seat in Scotland at a European election for the first time in its history In Wales the Brexit Party became the largest party while the nationalist Plaid Cymru came second The Liberal Democrats became the largest party in London The election was the first national poll in the United Kingdom since December 1910 in which a successor party to the Liberal Party reached higher than third place in the number of votes or seats and the first ever national election in which the Conservative Party received less than 10 of the votes cast Contents 1 Voting eligibility 2 Constituencies 3 Electoral method 4 Background 4 1 Expected cancellation and contingency planning 4 2 Official preparations 4 3 Campaign background 5 Candidates 5 1 Northern Ireland 5 2 Parties in the election 6 Campaign 6 1 Labour 6 2 Conservative 6 3 UKIP 6 4 Brexit Party 6 5 Liberal Democrats Green Party and Change UK 6 6 Other parties 6 7 Later events 6 8 Between the vote and the count 6 9 Party Brexit positions 7 Debates 8 Endorsements 8 1 Newspapers 9 Opinion polls 10 Results 10 1 Results by constituency and local areas 10 2 Vote share by constituency GB only 10 3 Analysis 10 4 Electoral Commission report 11 Reaction to results 12 MEPs not returning 12 1 MEPs not standing for re election 12 1 1 Brexit Party 12 1 2 Conservative 12 1 3 Greens 12 1 4 Labour 12 1 5 Independents elected as UKIP 12 1 6 Other 12 2 Incumbent MEPs defeated 13 See also 14 Footnotes 15 References 16 External links 16 1 ManifestosVoting eligibility EditTo vote in the election individuals had to be on the Electoral Register 6 aged 18 or over on election day 6 a British Irish Commonwealth or European Union citizen 10 resident at an address in the UK or a British citizen living abroad who has been registered to vote in the UK in the 15 years before the election 6 a 11 and not legally excluded from voting 6 for example a convicted person detained in prison or a mental hospital or unlawfully at large if they would otherwise have been detained 12 or a person found guilty of certain corrupt or illegal practices 13 Individuals had to be registered to vote by midnight on 7 May 2019 14 A person with two homes such as a university student with a term time address but living at home during holidays could be registered to vote at both addresses as long as they are not in the same electoral area but could vote in only one constituency at the election 15 European Union citizens except for British Irish Cypriot and Maltese citizens also had to submit a European Parliament voter registration form also known as Form UC1 or Form EC6 16 by midnight on 7 May 2019 to confirm that they would vote in the European Parliament election only in the UK and not in their home country 14 17 However in the top 10 local authorities with EU citizens only 21 of EU citizens who were on the Electoral Register returned this form by the deadline 18 EU citizens who did not submit this form were unable to vote in the election 19 Constituencies EditFurther information European Parliament constituencies in the United Kingdom and List of members of the European Parliament for the United Kingdom 2014 2019 The United Kingdom was divided into 12 multi member constituencies the nine regions of England plus Scotland Wales and Northern Ireland Gibraltar was assigned to the South West England constituency As had been the case since 1999 the English electoral constituencies were based on the government s nine English regions The seat allocation was the same as in 2014 The breakdown of seats just prior to the election was Party Faction in European ParliamentLabour Party 18 Socialists and Democrats 185Conservative Party 18 European Conservatives and Reformists 74Brexit Party 14 Europe of Freedom and Direct Democracy 43Independent 6 31 Europe of Nations and Freedom 361 European People s Party 2181 Non Inscrits 21UK Independence Party 3 2 Europe of Nations and Freedom 361 Non Inscrits 21Green Party of England and Wales 3 Greens European Free Alliance 52Scottish National Party 2Plaid Cymru 1Liberal Democrats 1 Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe 68Social Democratic Party 1 Europe of Freedom and Direct Democracy 43Ulster Unionist Party 1 European Conservatives and Reformists 74Sinn Fein 1 European United Left Nordic Green Left 52Democratic Unionist Party 1 Non Inscrits 21Change UK 1 European People s Party 218 Vacant 2 Vacant 2Total 73 Total 750Electoral method Edit A polling station in Moorpool Harborne Birmingham within the West Midlands constituency on 23 May 2019 In Great Britain candidates stood on either a party list known as a closed list in a set order of priority decided by that party or as an independent Voters chose a party not an individual party candidate or an independent candidate Seats would then be allocated proportionally to the share of votes cast for each party or individual candidate in the electoral region using the D Hondt method of calculation The first seat was allocated to the party or individual with the highest number of votes After each seat was allocated to a party for the purpose of allocating further seats that party s total votes would then be divided by one plus the number of seats already allocated to that party to give the party s quotient The second and subsequent seats were allocated in turn to the party or independent candidate with the greatest quotient 20 The Northern Ireland constituency used the single transferable vote STV system to allocate its three MEPs Voters ranked the candidates sequentially in the order of their choice Background EditExpected cancellation and contingency planning Edit The United Kingdom invoked Article 50 of the Treaty on the European Union on 29 March 2017 following a referendum on 23 June 2016 to leave the European Union As a result the country was due to leave the EU on 29 March 2019 before the European Parliament elections took place Nonetheless on 27 May 2018 it was reported that the UK s Electoral Commission had set aside 829 000 for its activities relating to a European Parliamentary election in 2019 The Commission described the money as a precautionary measure so that we have the necessary funds to deliver our functions at a European Parliamentary election in the unlikely event that they do go ahead 21 22 23 The European Parliament resolution of 7 February 2018 on the composition of the European Parliament 2017 2054 INL 2017 0900 NLE included these clauses H7 refers to the re allocation of some UK seats following the UK withdrawal from the EU stating Underlines that the seats to be vacated by the United Kingdom upon its withdrawal from the European Union will facilitate the adoption of a new allocation of seats in Parliament which will implement the principle of degressive proportionality further underlines that the new allocation proposed would allow for a reduction in the size of Parliament notes that the use of only a fraction of the seats vacated by the United Kingdom is sufficient to ensure no loss of seats for any Member State H6 has a contingency for the situation that the UK does not leave the EU before the 2019 election stating that in case the above mentioned legal situation concerning the United Kingdom s withdrawal from the European Union changes the allocation of seats applied during the 2014 2019 parliamentary term should apply until the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union becomes legally effective 24 The European Council also drew up contingency plans allowing the UK to retain its MEPs were Brexit to be postponed 25 However in the event that the United Kingdom is still a Member State of the Union at the beginning of the 2019 2024 parliamentary term the number of representatives in the European Parliament per Member State taking up office shall be the one provided for in Article 3 of the European Council Decision 2013 312 EU until the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the Union becomes legally effective 26 Official preparations Edit After Brexit was delayed beyond its initial planned date of 29 March 2019 the possibility of a sufficiently long delay so as to require the election to take place became more apparent The period for withdrawal under Article 50 was first extended with the unanimous approval of the European Council until 12 April 2019 27 28 the deadline for informing the EU of the intention to hold an election 29 By early April the House of Commons had voted again to extend the withdrawal period and a deadline of 31 October 2019 was agreed between the UK and the Council The UK Government therefore ordered preparations for the election 30 with the deadline for candidate nominations on 24 April for the South West England region and 25 April for all other regions Nevertheless ratification of a withdrawal agreement by the UK and European parliaments would still have permitted the UK to leave before October Had this occurred before 23 May the United Kingdom and Gibraltar would not have taken part in the 2019 European Parliament elections scheduled for that day 31 On 7 May the UK Government announced that it would not be able to obtain ratification in time to prevent the elections although it still aimed to ratify the withdrawal agreement before October 32 Later in May it also acknowledged that the MEPs elected would take up their seats with Brexit not due to happen until after 2 July 33 Campaign background Edit The two major UK political parties the Conservatives and Labour saw the prospect of elections for the European Parliament while the UK was due to leave the European Union as problematic with both having been keen to avoid this scenario 34 The backdrop of ongoing debate around Brexit was expected to be a very significant factor in how people voted with the election seen by many as a proxy referendum on whether the country should leave the EU or not 7 Commentators who suggested that the vote share for the Conservatives and Labour could fall with voters moving towards a number of pro Leave or pro Remain parties 35 and this did indeed happen The Conservative government had made several attempts to get the Withdrawal Agreement that it had negotiated with the EU approved by the House of Commons which would have allowed for Brexit before the election All these having failed the Conservatives entered into cross party talks with the Labour Party to see whether they could agree a withdrawal plan 36 These talks were still ongoing as of 10 May 2019 37 but eventually failed The election was seen as being significant for two new single issue parties the Brexit Party supporting Brexit and Change UK supporting the UK remaining in the EU 38 7 Between the 2014 and 2019 elections there were many changes to the breakdown of UK members due to defections and changes in affiliation This table shows the number of MEPs in each party at both ends of the term Affiliation MembersAt 2014 election At dissolution ChangeConservative 19 18 1Labour 20 18 2Brexit Party 14 14 Independent 0 6 6Green 3 3 UKIP 24 3 21SNP 2 2 Liberal Democrats 1 1 Sinn Fein 1 1 DUP 1 1 Plaid Cymru 1 1 Ulster Unionist 1 1 SDP 0 1 1Change UK 1 1Vacant seats 0 2 2Total 73 73 Candidates EditMain article Party lists in the 2019 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom Nomination papers had to be submitted by 16 00 on the 19th working day before election day 25 April 2019 39 To stand as a candidate individuals had to be aged 18 or over on the date of nomination and a British or European Union citizen or a Commonwealth citizen possessing indefinite leave to remain or not requiring leave to enter or remain in the UK 40 In April 2019 Labour said it had started its process for choosing candidates 41 42 16 out of the 20 MEPs elected last time applied to stand again 3 The party s candidates were announced on 18 April and included former Cabinet minister Andrew Adonis former MP Katy Clark and the national co ordinator of campaigning group Momentum Laura Parker 43 44 Following the prospect of a delay to Brexit Conservative Party MEPs were asked by their delegation leader if they would consider standing again if there were a delay that would mean the UK staying in the EU beyond the date of the next European Parliament election 45 46 Fifteen of the party s 18 MEPs stood again as lead candidates for their respective regions 47 The Brexit Party ran candidates for all 70 seats in Great Britain with leader Nigel Farage himself a former UKIP leader standing in the South East England region and former Conservative candidate Annunziata Rees Mogg standing in the East Midlands region 38 48 49 Writer Claire Fox formerly of the Revolutionary Communist Party and former Conservative MP Ann Widdecombe both also stood 50 51 The UK Independence Party selected its three remaining MEPs as candidates along with social media activist Carl Benjamin and YouTuber Mark Meechan 52 The Green Party of England and Wales and the corresponding party in Scotland the Scottish Greens began their candidate selection processes in March 53 54 The Green Party of England and Wales announced a full slate of candidates for England and Wales on 24 April 2019 including one of its three outgoing MEPs Molly Scott Cato 55 Other candidates included Catherine Rowett Rupert Read and former Lord Mayor of Sheffield Magid Magid 56 57 The Liberal Democrats announced their selected candidates for England and Wales on 17 April 2019 following a membership vote The party s sole incumbent MEP Catherine Bearder was re selected as its lead candidate for South East England while former MEPs Chris Davies Fiona Hall Bill Newton Dunn and Phil Bennion were selected as lead candidates for their respective regions Other candidates included in London the entrepreneur Dinesh Dhamija and the former leader of the People s Alliance of Tower Hamlets Rabina Khan and former MPs Martin Horwood and Stephen Williams in the South West The party also stood a full slate in Scotland 58 Change UK said it had had 3 700 applicants to be candidates including former MPs from both the Labour Party and the Conservative Party 59 Their candidates included writer Rachel Johnson sister of Conservative MP Boris Johnson and formerly of the Liberal Democrats former BBC journalist Gavin Esler 50 former Conservative MPs Stephen Dorrell and Neil Carmichael former Labour MEP Carole Tongue former Labour MPs Roger Casale and Jon Owen Jones former Liberal Democrat MEP Diana Wallis 60 and former deputy Prime Minister of Poland Jacek Rostowski 61 It stood 70 candidates all of Great Britain but not Northern Ireland 50 Two of its candidates subsequently withdrew from the ballot due to reports that they had made misogynistic and racist remarks 62 Jill Evans Plaid Cymru s sole MEP stood as the party s lead candidate as part of a full slate for the Wales constituency 63 The Women s Equality Party stood in the London constituency 64 with the party s co founder Catherine Mayer as the lead candidate 65 Far right activist Tommy Robinson stood as an independent for the North West England constituency 66 67 Further parties and independent candidates also stood including the English Democrats and the Yorkshire Party 68 Nine candidates seven in London and two in South West England were part of the new Climate Emergency Independents group They took part in and were inspired by the Extinction Rebellion protests However as they were not a registered political party they were all listed as separate independents on the ballot paper 69 Patrick O Flynn the Social Democratic Party s sole MEP who defected to the SDP after originally being elected for UKIP stated in April 2019 that the party would not be standing candidates at the election 70 Northern Ireland Edit Parties with a sitting MEP European affiliationDemocratic Unionist Party NISinn Fein GUE NGLUlster Unionist Party ECRNorthern Ireland has a different party system to Great Britain dominated by regional parties and using single transferable vote rather than the party list system Two of the three sitting MEPs contested the election Martina Anderson for Sinn Fein and Diane Dodds for the Democratic Unionist Party 71 72 Jim Nicholson who had represented the Ulster Unionist Party since 1989 retired with Danny Kennedy instead running for the party Three parties selected their leaders as candidates Colum Eastwood for the SDLP 73 Naomi Long for the Alliance Party 74 75 and Clare Bailey for the Green Party 72 UKIP nominated Robert Hill as their candidate 76 The Conservative Party also nominated a candidate 77 making the Conservatives and UKIP the only two parties to stand candidates in all regions across the UK In April 2019 Jane Morrice co founder of the Northern Ireland Women s Coalition and a former deputy speaker of the Northern Ireland Assembly announced she was standing as an independent on a pro Remain platform 78 Parties in the election Edit Political party Standing inAlliance Party Northern Ireland onlyAnimal Welfare Party London onlyBrexit Party All constituencies except Northern IrelandChange UK All constituencies except Northern IrelandConservative Party All constituenciesDemocratic Unionist Party Northern Ireland onlyEnglish Democrats East of England North West England South West England Yorkshire and the HumberGreen Party in Northern Ireland Northern Ireland onlyGreen Party of England and Wales England and Wales onlyLabour Party All constituencies except Northern IrelandLiberal Democrats All constituencies except Northern IrelandPlaid Cymru Wales onlyScottish Green Party Scotland onlyScottish National Party Scotland onlySinn Fein Northern Ireland onlySocial Democratic and Labour Party Northern Ireland onlySocialist Party of Great Britain South East England onlyTraditional Unionist Voice Northern Ireland onlyUK European Union Party London North West England South East EnglandUK Independence Party All constituenciesUlster Unionist Party Northern Ireland onlyWomen s Equality Party London onlyYorkshire Party Yorkshire and the Humber onlyCampaign EditLabour Edit In early 2019 there was an ongoing debate within Labour as to what its policy should be with respect to Brexit On 20 April the party s deputy leader Tom Watson argued the party needed to back a second referendum on Brexit in order to present a clear alternative to and beat the Brexit Party but that was not Labour s preferred option 79 A draft of a Labour leaflet that made no reference to a second referendum provoked a public row 80 including more than 90 Labour MPs and MEPs writing to the party s National Executive Committee NEC in protest 81 On 27 April Labour announced that the original leaflet draft was to be redrafted to include details of the party s preparations for a general election with a referendum if necessary to avoid what it called a bad Tory deal 82 Labour s manifesto for the elections was agreed at an NEC meeting on 30 April re affirming its 2018 policy that it will first seek a Brexit deal on its terms including a Customs Union but if that is not possible it will seek a general election and if that is not possible a second referendum Only one vote was held at the meeting on an amendment from the TSSA union that sought to commit Labour to a referendum on any Brexit deal but this was rejected by a what NEC sources called a clear margin 83 Retiring Labour MEP Mary Honeyball criticised this as Not good enough 84 and some Labour Party members destroyed their membership cards in protest 85 However some Remain supporting Labour MPs and Labour MPs sceptical of a second referendum welcomed the decision 84 Watson had walked out of the Shadow Cabinet meeting earlier on 30 April in protest at Shadow Cabinet members not being shown the draft manifesto 86 87 Labour s 9 May campaign launch stressed bringing the country together Jeremy Corbyn talked of a healing process between those who supported Leave and Remain 88 By mid May Watson and Labour s Shadow Brexit Secretary Keir Starmer were arguing for a second referendum yet their shadow international trade secretary Barry Gardiner stated Labour is not a Remain party now 89 In most voting areas e g Scotland and South West England all Labour candidates stated their support for a second referendum 90 with the UK s longest serving MEP David Martin Labour and the Labour Leader in the European Parliament Richard Corbett MEP among those calling for the country to stay in the EU 91 Polling in mid May suggested both Labour supporters and the electorate in general were split as to whether Labour supported remaining or leaving the EU 90 Conservative Edit The Conservative government was hopeful of agreeing a withdrawal deal with the EU soon enough that UK MEPs would not take up their seats The party did not spend any central money on candidate campaigning did not publish a manifesto and did not hold a campaign launch One Conservative MEP said that the deficit of campaigning would be used as an excuse if the party does poorly in the elections Many party activists were demotivated given the failure of the government to deliver Brexit 35 Conservative councillors in Derbyshire boycotted the European elections and refused to campaign in protest 92 A survey of 781 Conservative councillors found that 40 plan to vote for the Brexit Party 93 Conservative MPs including Lucy Allan tweeted positive comments about the Brexit Party In response the Conservative Party issued a warning that individuals campaigning for or endorsing other parties will be expelled from the party 94 The Prime Minister and leader of the Conservative Party Theresa May had announced her intention to resign before the next general election but further pressure mounted on her to be clear about her timetable for departure with May meeting the party s 1922 Committee on the matter on 16 May 2019 95 This resulted in May agreeing to stand down by 30 June 2019 96 Campaigning by possible successors accelerated after the local elections citation needed UKIP Edit UKIP argued it was the authentic party of Brexit the true party of Leave to quote party leader Gerard Batten 97 Alongside the Conservatives UKIP was one of two Brexit supporting parties fielding a candidate in every region of the United Kingdom including Northern Ireland 70 Batten criticised the rival Brexit Party as having no policies UKIP launched its campaign on 18 April There was renewed criticism surrounding its candidate Carl Benjamin for telling Labour MP Jess Phillips I wouldn t even rape you on Twitter in 2016 and producing a satirical video 98 99 100 Further controversy came as one of UKIP s sitting MEPs Stuart Agnew addressed a pro apartheid club of expat South Africans in London that reportedly had links to the far right 101 Brexit Party Edit Nigel Farage the Brexit Party and former UKIP leader said that there was no difference between the Brexit party and UKIP in terms of policy but in terms of personnel there s a vast difference criticising UKIP s connections to the far right 102 On 15 April 2019 three more sitting female UKIP MEPs defected to the Brexit Party criticising UKIP s nomination of Benjamin as a candidate In particular Collins noted UKIP leader Gerard Batten s defence of Benjamin s use of a non rape threat as satire to be an especially compelling factor 103 Two further UKIP MEPs moved to the Brexit Party on 17 April On 23 April Farage said that the Brexit Party was not here just to get a process vote on 23 May far from it 23 May for us is just the beginning 104 He also argued that the better the performance of the Brexit Party the lower the chance of a second referendum on Brexit 105 Farage argued that should the Brexit Party get most votes in the elections his party should get a seat at the UK EU negotiations 89 Liberal Democrats Green Party and Change UK Edit The three main nationwide pro European Union parties standing in the election Liberal Democrats Greens and Change UK wished to treat the election as a soft referendum on Europe 106 Commentators such as Marina Hyde raised the concern of a split vote among pro Remain parties reducing the number of pro Remain MEPs being elected 107 108 Vince Cable the leader of the Liberal Democrats proposed standing joint candidates with the Greens and Change UK on a common policy of seeking a second referendum on Brexit but the other parties rejected the idea 109 Change UK s co founder Chuka Umunna confirmed the Lib Dem approach but he 108 and Change UK interim leader Heidi Allen dismissed concerns of a split Remain vote 110 Independent MEP Julie Girling then supporting Change UK said she had decided not to stand for re election as a Change UK candidate because of the concern about maximising the Remain vote 111 On 10 May she endorsed the Liberal Democrats 112 113 Change UK and Girling clarified that she had not been and was not a Change UK MEP with Girling saying she sat as an independent MEP 114 On 15 May David Macdonald the lead candidate for Change UK in Scotland switched to endorsing the Liberal Democrats in order not to split the pro Remain vote 115 On 22 May Allen said that she and another Change UK MP Sarah Wollaston wanted to advise Remain supporters to vote Liberal Democrat outside of London and South East England but they were overruled by other party members 116 117 The Greens said that joint lists were not desirable and that there were fundamental ideological differences on other issues between the parties that wanted a second referendum 118 The Green Party campaigned on a platform calling for action on climate change as well as an anti Brexit platform 119 The Liberal Democrats ran on a stop Brexit message 120 seeking the support of those who wanted the UK to remain in the EU 38 At his party s campaign launch on 26 April Cable lamented that it was not standing on a common platform with other parties opposed to Brexit 120 It launched its manifesto on 9 May unveiling its campaign slogan Bollocks to Brexit which attracted considerable media debate 121 122 Polling in the final fortnight put the Liberal Democrats ahead of the other pro Remain parties and overtaking Labour in some polls 123 124 Change UK which in early April was still known as the Independent Group saw the election as an important launchpad for its new party 7 seeking to turn the ballot into a proxy referendum on Brexit 125 On 16 April 2019 two former Conservative MEPs who had left the party to sit as independents within the European People s Party grouping announced their support for Change UK 126 The Renew Party agreed to support Change UK at the elections and the latter included candidates from Renew s approved list 127 Molly Scott Cato a sitting MEP for the Green Party of England and Wales criticised Change UK as a single issue party with no coherent policy platform beyond opposing Brexit 128 Other parties Edit The SNP campaign launch was marred by tens of thousands of personalised letters being sent to the wrong people 129 130 The mistake was reported to be in the data supplied by SNP HQ run by Peter Murrell husband of SNP leader Nicola Sturgeon The party apologised for the error the party referred itself to the Information Commissioner s Office 131 and may be fined 132 The DUP campaigned on sending a message to get on with Brexit 133 Later events Edit Local elections were held in most of England and all of Northern Ireland on 2 May The results saw both Conservatives and Labour losing seats in what The Guardian called a Brexit backlash while the Liberal Democrats Greens and independents made gains The Liberal Democrats made the biggest gains which the Lib Dem leader Vince Cable put down to a rejection of the Conservatives and Labour over their Brexit approaches 134 Stephen Bush writing in the New Statesman argued that the Lib Dem success in the local elections make it the most likely party for Remain voters to rally around at the European elections 135 while James Moore in The Independent described them as having the momentum leading into the European elections 136 Alliance the Lib Dems sister party in Northern Ireland other smaller parties and independents also made significant gains in the local elections in Northern Ireland 137 On 18 May former Conservative Deputy Prime Minister and sitting Conservative peer Michael Heseltine said he would vote for the Liberal Democrats instead of the Conservatives because of his own party s support for Brexit 138 Heseltine subsequently had the Conservative whip suspended owing to his comments 139 Polling after the local elections saw the Brexit Party in front followed by Labour with the Liberal Democrats taking third from the Conservatives 140 141 Conservative sources predicted the party could come even lower than fourth 35 By the weekend before the vote the Labour Party was concerned at the increased polling for the Liberal Democrats which came above Labour in London and in some national polls 123 On 17 May Labour left talks that had been held to find a Brexit deal with the Conservative government 142 May then proposed to bring a new deal to the House of Commons for a vote in early June which she described as an improved package of measures 143 after which she was expected to step down as Prime Minister and leader of the Conservative Party The campaign saw multiple cases of milkshakes being thrown at controversial MEP candidates on the right 144 The protests began against Carl Benjamin the anti feminist social media activist who had attracted controversy for jokes about rape 145 146 and activist Tommy Robinson 147 They later extended to Nigel Farage leader of the Brexit Party Police asked a Scottish fast food outlet near where a Farage rally was taking place not to sell milkshakes on the night of the event 148 On 21 May the Prime Minister and Leader of the Conservative Party Theresa May made a speech outlining her plan to introduce an EU withdrawal agreement bill in June that would allow the Commons to make amendments e g in favour of a Customs Union or a second referendum but this was received badly by much of her own party as well as by other parties 149 There were growing calls for her to resign on 22 May the day before the election 149 Andrea Leadsom the Leader of the House of Commons resigned on the evening of 22 May May had planned to publish the bill on Friday 24 May but on polling day she abandoned that plan with publication delayed until early June 150 On the day after the vote May announced that she would resign as party leader on 7 June 151 There were several reports on the day of problems encountered by non UK UK resident EU citizens not being able to vote because their paperwork had not been processed in time with opposition politicians raising concerns as to whether there had been systemic failures 150 152 153 At least three councils admitted that the compressed timescale of the election meant that they had not been able to send postal ballots out in time for some voters overseas 154 A report by The Guardian after the election found that there were low levels of completion of UC1 forms required by UK resident EU citizens in order for them to vote in the UK in many parts of the country 155 After the election the European Commission complained to the UK government about the obstacles faced by EU citizens in voting 156 A month later the Dutch Interior Ministry stated that almost half the local UK registration officials had failed to send the UC1 data to the Dutch authorities and that a portion of the data sent was unusable despite complaints by the Dutch government about similar issues in 2014 157 Between the vote and the count Edit Because results could not be announced until the last European Union member country s polls had closed and most countries in the EU voted on Sunday the counting of UK ballots started on Sunday 26 May 2019 158 Within a day of the polls closing two party leaders and one deputy party leader announced their plans to resign On 24 May Theresa May announced her plan to resign as leader of the Conservative Party on 7 June which would trigger a leadership contest On the same day Mike Hookem resigned as deputy leader of UKIP in order to challenge for the leadership 159 Vince Cable leader of the Liberal Democrats had previously stated his intention to stand down after the local elections and European Parliament elections The party s leadership contest officially started on 24 May 160 Two Labour politicians announced their departures from the party after the vote departing MEP Mary Honeyball 161 and former Welsh AM Leighton Andrews Andrews said he had voted Green 162 Both criticised Labour over alleged antisemitism and their failure to oppose Brexit 161 162 Alastair Campbell formerly Director of Communications for the Labour Party said he had voted for a pro Remain party the first time in his life he had not voted Labour 163 He later revealed that he voted for the Liberal Democrats 164 165 and was expelled from the Labour Party 166 Party Brexit positions Edit Party Brexit position Withdrawal agreement position Manifesto Position DetailsLabour Ambiguous Opposed Deal with EU In favour of a permanent customs union with the EU 167 If it could not obtain agreement on its Brexit plan or an early general election the party supported the option of a public vote 168 169 Conservative Leave Supported Deal with EU In favour of leaving the EU with the withdrawal agreement negotiated by the current Conservative government Brexit Party Leave Opposed No deal Brexit In favour of no deal Brexit opposed a customs union or membership of the single market 170 171 UKIP Leave Opposed No deal Brexit In favour of no deal Brexit without a formal withdrawal agreement 172 Green E amp W Remain Opposed Second referendum In favour of a second referendum 173 SNP Remain Opposed Second referendum In favour of Scotland remaining in the single market and customs union Supported a second referendum and an independent Scotland within the EU 174 Liberal Democrats Remain Opposed Revoke Article 50 to Stop Brexit Sought to stop Brexit In favour of a second referendum in which they would campaign for Remain 175 176 Democratic Unionist Leave Opposed Deal with EU Concerns over a perceived risk to Northern Ireland s position in the United Kingdom due to the Irish border backstop issue 177 Plaid Cymru Remain Opposed Second referendum In favour of a second referendum and potentially of an independence referendum for Wales if Brexit were to occur without continued membership of single market 178 179 180 Sinn Fein Remain Supported In favour of designated special status for Northern Ireland remaining in the EU Supported a border poll on Northern Ireland uniting with Ireland in the event of no deal Brexit 181 182 183 184 Ulster Unionist Leave Opposed Deal with EU Concerns based over the Northern Irish backstop issue 185 186 Change UK Remain Opposed Second referendum In favour of a second referendum 50 in which it would campaign for Remain 176 Among other parties the SDLP opposed Brexit and supported a second referendum but it supported the withdrawal agreement if Brexit is to take place 187 188 The Alliance Party opposed Brexit 189 190 while TUV supported it 191 192 Debates EditA livestreamed debate was held by The Daily Telegraph between Nigel Farage leader of the Brexit Party and Vince Cable leader of the Liberal Democrats 193 A debate was held by the BBC in Northern Ireland with candidates of the main regional parties represented 194 The BBC also held a debate between the lead candidates of all parties standing in Wales 195 Endorsements EditMain article Endorsements in the 2019 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom Newspapers Edit Newspaper EndorsementDaily Mail Conservative Party Brexit Party in strategic electorates 196 Evening Standard Liberal Democrats 197 The Guardian Pro EU candidates 198 The News Letter Belfast Unionist candidates 199 The New Worker No endorsement encouraged a boycott 200 The Observer Pro EU candidates 201 Socialist Worker Labour Party 202 Sunday Mail Scotland Scottish Green Party 203 Sunday Mirror Labour Party 204 Opinion polls EditMain article Opinion polling for the 2019 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom The chart below depicts opinion polls conducted in Great Britain for the 2019 European Parliament elections in the UK trendlines are local regressions LOESS There was regular polling from mid March The share for the Brexit Party rose rapidly and it led the polls from late April The share for the Labour Party declined over the period but they came second in most polls Polling for the Liberal Democrats started rising towards the end of April with most polls predicting they would come third Polling for the Conservative Party fell over the period with most polls predicting it would come fourth Results EditMain article Results of the 2019 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom Results were declared for Wales and most of England on Sunday evening 164 with results for the rest of England and for Scotland coming on Monday Results for Northern Ireland were clear by the end of Monday 158 205 Results of the 2019 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom 206 Party Alliance Votes SeatsNumber Seats Brexit Party NI 5 248 533 30 5 new party 29 new party 39 7Liberal Democrats ALDE 3 367 284 19 6 13 0 16 15 21 9Labour Party S amp D 2 347 255 13 7 10 8 10 10 13 7Green Party of England and Wales G EFA 1 881 306 11 8 4 0 7 4 9 6Conservative Party ECR 1 512 809 8 8 14 3 4 15 5 5Scottish National Party G EFA 594 553 3 5 1 1 3 1 4 1Plaid Cymru G EFA 163 928 1 0 0 3 1 1 4Sinn Fein GUE NGL 126 951 0 7 0 2 1 1 4Democratic Unionist Party NI 124 991 0 7 0 1 1 1 4Alliance Party of Northern Ireland ALDE 105 928 0 6 0 3 1 1 1 4Change UK EPP party 1 571 846 3 3 new party 0 new party 0UK Independence Party 554 463 3 2 23 4 0 24 0Scottish Greens G EFA 129 603 0 8 0 1 0 0Social Democratic and Labour Party S amp D 78 589 0 5 0 0 0 0Traditional Unionist Voice NI 62 021 0 4 0 1 0 0Ulster Unionist Party ECR 53 052 0 3 0 2 0 1 0Yorkshire Party G EFA 50 842 0 3 0 2 0 0English Democrats 39 938 0 2 0 6 0 0UK European Union Party 33 576 0 2 new party 0 new party 0Animal Welfare Party APEU 25 232 0 2 0 0 0 0Women s Equality Party 23 766 0 1 new party 0 new party 0Green Party Northern Ireland G EFA 12 471 0 1 0 0 0 0Independent Network 7 641 lt 0 1 new party 0 0Socialist Party of Great Britain 3 505 lt 0 1 0 0 0 0Independent 80 280 0 5 0 5 0 0Valid Votes 17 199 701 99 92 73 0Rejected Votes 15 138 0 08Overall turnout 17 214 839 37 18 1 4 Change UK s sole MEP before the election Richard Ashworth was a member of the EPP group Results by constituency and local areas Edit Results by country region left and by local authority areas right The Brexit Party won every region in England and Wales except London where the Liberal Democrats came top The SNP was the largest party in Scotland and Sinn Fein in Northern Ireland At the local authority level the Brexit Party won most areas in England and Wales and the SNP most in Scotland with the Liberal Democrats Labour Plaid Cymru and the Green Party winning the remainder Constituency Elected MEPsEast Midlands Brx Brx Brx LD Lab East of England Brx Brx Brx LD LD Grn Con London Brx Brx LD LD LD Lab Lab Grn North East England Brx Brx Lab North West England Brx Brx Brx LD LD Lab Lab Grn South East England Brx Brx Brx Brx LD LD LD Lab Grn ConSouth West England Brx Brx Brx LD LD Grn West Midlands Brx Brx Brx LD Lab Grn Con Yorkshire and the Humber Brx Brx Brx LD Lab Grn Scotland Brx LD Con SNP SNP SNP Wales Brx Brx Lab PC Northern Ireland SF APNI DUP Vote share by constituency GB only Edit Percentage shares of the votes cast Party EastMidlands East ofEngland London North EastEngland North WestEngland South EastEngland South WestEngland WestMidlands Yorkshireand theHumber Scotland WalesBrexit 38 2 37 8 17 9 38 7 31 2 36 1 36 7 37 7 36 5 14 8 32 5Liberal Democrats 17 2 22 6 27 2 16 8 17 2 25 8 23 1 16 3 15 5 13 8 13 6Labour 13 9 8 7 23 9 19 4 21 9 7 3 6 5 17 0 16 3 9 3 15 3Green 10 5 12 7 12 5 8 1 12 5 13 5 18 1 10 7 13 0 8 2 6 3Conservative 10 7 10 3 7 8 6 8 7 6 10 3 8 7 10 0 7 2 11 6 6 5SNP 37 8Plaid Cymru 19 6Analysis Edit Estimated results of the 2019 European Parliament election for House of Commons constituencies in Great Britain Dr Chris Hanretty a Reader in Politics at the University of East Anglia estimated through a demographic model the most likely result by parliamentary constituency should it be repeated at a general election concluding that the Brexit Party would have won a majority with 414 seats 207 208 209 The Brexit Party was the largest party gaining five more seats than UKIP achieved in 2014 Nigel Farage as leader of UKIP in 2014 and the Brexit Party in 2019 became the first person to lead two different parties that topped a national election The Brexit party came first in Wales and in eight of the nine English constituencies It finished third in London 164 The Brexit Party polled highest in regions that voted Leave in the Brexit referendum 210 The Liberal Democrats came second This was its best performance in a national election since the 2010 general election and its best ever in a European Parliament election 164 This was the first time it or its predecessor parties had come second in a national election since before the Second World War It was the largest party in the London constituency the largest party in the second highest number of English reporting areas and the only party other than the SNP to top any Scottish reporting area 164 The Labour Party was third overall It did not come first in any constituency This was its worst result in Wales for nearly a century it did not come first in any reporting area in Wales or Scotland 164 Labour s vote fell in both Remain and Leave areas 210 The Greens came fourth with their best performance since the 1989 European elections The Green Party of England and Wales was the largest party in three reporting areas 164 The Conservative Party came fifth and was not the largest party in any reporting area polling below 10 for the first time in the party s history 164 It lost votes across the country but did worst in Remain areas The combined share for Labour and the Conservatives was 23 well below their previous post Second World War low of 43 5 in 2009 210 The SNP came sixth overall but first in the single Scottish constituency the only one in which it stood candidates It was the largest party in 30 of the 32 Scottish council areas 211 Plaid Cymru came second in Wales behind the Brexit Party marking the first time it had beaten Labour in any Wales wide election 212 The closest result across the UK was in Wales where the Liberal Democrats were 13 948 votes 1 7 behind Labour for the last MEP In Northern Ireland the three MEPs elected were from the Democratic Unionist Party which advocates the continuation of the union with Great Britain Sinn Fein which campaigns for a united Ireland and the cross community Alliance Party The latter two were opposed to Brexit It was the first time that unionists had won fewer than two of the three seats and the first time that all three MEPs were women 213 The Alliance success was noted as an indicator for the rise of the Others who identify neither as Unionist nor Nationalist 214 Various analyses sought to combine vote shares for different parties together to index a pro Remain or pro Leave vote A Press Association report aggregated support for explicitly anti Brexit parties defined as the LibDems Greens SNP Plaid Cymru and Change UK totalling 40 4 versus that for those supporting a no deal Brexit the Brexit Party and UKIP on 34 9 figures are for Great Britain only excluding Northern Ireland where there was a majority for anti Brexit parties That analysis excludes Labour on 14 and the Conservatives on 9 215 216 217 Guardian journalist Dan Sabbagh noted how there were several possible comparisons one could make e g the Brexit Party 5 2 million votes against the Liberal Democrats and Greens combined 5 4 million votes or the Brexit Party UKIP and the DUP 5 9 million votes against the Liberal Democrats Greens Change UK SNP Plaid Cymru Sinn Fein and Alliance 6 8 million votes 217 In terms of seats 34 were won by Leave supporting parties and 39 by Remain supporting parties if Conservatives are counted for Leave Sabbagh later followed by fellow Guardian journalist Polly Toynbee tackled how to account for Labour and Conservative votes by adding them in based on polling as to how their supporters split assigning 80 of Conservative voters to Leave and 60 of Labour voters to remain in this way predicting a 50 Remain to 47 Leave split in a second referendum 217 216 However BBC political journalist Laura Kuenssberg critiqued the whole endeavour of adding up different vote shares 218 In terms of a comparison between Leave and Remain supporting parties psephologist John Curtice simply described the result as a draw 164 210 A large post vote poll commissioned by Michael Ashcroft estimated that 53 of those who voted Conservative in the 2017 general election voted for the Brexit Party while 21 voted Conservative and 12 voted Liberal Democrat 38 of those who voted Labour in 2017 supported the party at this election while 22 voted Liberal Democrat 17 Green and 13 Brexit Party 69 of the LibDem voters of 2017 stayed with the party while 13 voted Green and 7 Brexit Party 24 of the UKIP voters of 2017 stayed with their party but 68 switched to the Brexit Party Among all voters 50 said they had voted to remain in the referendum and 45 to leave and 50 stated they now wanted to leave and 46 stated they now wanted to remain 219 YouGov released polling suggesting 41 of Labour Party members voted for other parties at the European election including 19 Green and 15 Liberal Democrat Likewise 67 of Conservative Party members voted for other parties 59 Brexit Party 220 Electoral Commission report Edit The Electoral Commission released its report on the election on 8 October 2019 The report highlighted the difficulties for EU27 citizens and British citizens abroad to vote despite concerns raised after the 2014 European election 221 Reaction to results EditThe results were expected to push the Conservative Party towards a more hardline position with respect to Brexit and to lean towards electing a Brexiter in its leadership contest shortly afterward 222 Reacting to the results the Shadow Foreign Secretary Emily Thornberry 223 and Deputy Leader Tom Watson 224 called for the Labour Party to change its policy to supporting a second referendum and remaining in the EU 164 There was renewed debate within the Labour Party over their policy but with a shift towards clearer support for a second referendum including Jeremy Corbyn stating that although a general election would be Labour s preference any Brexit deal had to be put to a public vote 222 225 but there was continuing criticism over the party s clarity on and Corbyn s commitment to another referendum 226 A modified policy was announced in July 227 Meanwhile Leave supporters in the party were critical of any support for a second referendum 228 Alastair Campbell having revealed he voted for the Liberal Democrats was expelled from the Labour Party but this decision was criticised by some in the party 229 In response former Labour Home Secretary Charles Clarke 230 and former Labour MP until 2017 Fiona Mactaggart announced that they had also voted Liberal Democrat while former Labour Cabinet member Bob Ainsworth announced he had voted Green 231 A hashtag on Twitter in support expelmetoo proved popular on social media 232 Watson and Harriet Harman criticised the expulsion Labour MP Owen Smith among others noted the juxtaposition of Campbell s expulsion on the same day that the EHRC opened an enquiry into anti Semitism in Labour and the slow response to complaints of anti Semitism 233 232 It then emerged that Cherie Blair wife of the former Labour Prime Minister Tony Blair had also voted Liberal Democrat 234 YouGov polling suggested 41 of Labour Party members voted for other parties including 19 Green and 15 Liberal Democrat at the election 220 General election polling shortly after the European elections showed continued support for the Brexit Party and the Liberal Democrats A YouGov poll conducted on 28 29 May put the Liberal Democrats first and the Brexit Party second with Labour and the Conservatives third This was the first time a national poll had ever found that neither of the most popular two parties were Labour or the Conservatives 235 236 237 On 4 June 2019 in response to their poor performance in the elections six of the eleven MPs in Change UK left the group to return to sitting as independents 238 The party s former spokesperson Chuka Umunna announced on 13 June that he would be seeking to join the Liberal Democrats 239 MEPs not returning EditMEPs not standing for re election Edit Twenty eight MEPs sitting at the end of the European Parliament s term did not seek re election 240 Brexit Party Edit All originally elected as UKIP Tim Aker East of England Jonathan Arnott North East England David Coburn Scotland Jane Collins Yorkshire and the Humber Bill Etheridge West Midlands Ray Finch South East England Diane James South East England Paul Nuttall North West England Margot Parker East Midlands Julia Reid South West England Jill Seymour West MidlandsConservative Edit David Campbell Bannerman East of England Jacqueline Foster North West England Kay Swinburne WalesGreens Edit Jean Lambert London Keith Taylor South East EnglandLabour Edit Lucy Anderson London Mary Honeyball London Derek Vaughan WalesTwo additional Labour MEPs had already resigned ahead of the election with their seats remaining vacant for the rest of the Parliament Linda McAvan Yorkshire and the Humber resigned 18 April 2019 Catherine Stihler Scotland resigned 31 January 2019 Independents elected as UKIP Edit Janice Atkinson South East England Louise Bours North West England James Carver West Midlands William Legge Earl of Dartmouth South West England Steven Woolfe North West EnglandOther Edit Julie Girling independent MEP for South West England originally elected as Conservative Patrick O Flynn SDP MEP for East of England originally elected as UKIP Ian Hudghton SNP MEP for Scotland Jim Nicholson Ulster Unionist MEP for Northern IrelandIncumbent MEPs defeated Edit Change UK Richard Ashworth South East England originally elected as Conservative Conservative Amjad Bashir Yorkshire and the Humber originally elected as UK Independence Party Daniel Dalton West Midlands Nirj Deva South East England John Flack East of England Ashley Fox Conservative Group leader in the European Parliament South West England Syed Kamall co chair of the ECR group London Sajjad Karim North West England Rupert Matthews East Midlands Emma McClarkin East Midlands John Procter Yorkshire and the Humber Charles Tannock LondonLabour Paul Brannen North East England Wajid Khan North West England David Martin Scotland Alex Mayer East of England Clare Moody South West England Sion Simon West MidlandsUK Independence Party Stuart Agnew East of England Gerard Batten UKIP leader London Mike Hookem Yorkshire and the HumberSee also EditOpinion polling on the United Kingdom s membership of the European Union 2016 2020 2019 European Parliament election in Gibraltar 2019 United Kingdom general electionFootnotes Edit In the case of a British citizen who moved abroad before the age of 18 if a parent or guardian had been on the on Electoral Register in the UK in the 15 years before the election References Edit European Parliament election turnout UK Political Info www ukpolitical info Retrieved 31 May 2019 Ministers set for further Brexit talks BBC News 8 April 2019 a b How UK is gearing up for European elections BBC News 11 April 2019 Retrieved 13 April 2019 Brexit UK will take part in European elections says David Lidington BBC News 7 May 2019 European Parliamentary elections in Great Britain PDF Electoral Commission Archived from the original PDF on 30 April 2019 Retrieved 13 April 2019 a b c d e Types of election referendums and who can vote GOV UK HM Government Retrieved 13 April 2019 a b c d Helm Toby 6 April 2019 The Independent Group looks to European elections for breakthrough The Guardian 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form Archived 8 August 2019 at the Wayback Machine Electoral Commission O Carroll Lisa 4 June 2019 EU citizens voting rights ministers accused of shocking complacency The Guardian Retrieved 7 June 2019 Therrien Alex 23 May 2019 European elections 2019 EU citizens turned away from UK polls BBC News Retrieved 7 June 2019 European Parliamentary Elections Act 2002 legislation gov uk National Archives via GOV uk Wheeler Caroline 27 May 2018 John Bercow s committee sets aside nearly 1m for post Brexit EU election The Sunday Times Retrieved 27 May 2018 Hope Christopher 26 May 2018 Fear over secret Government plan for UK to stay in EU after deadline as cash set aside for European elections The Telegraph Archived from the original on 12 January 2022 Retrieved 27 May 2018 Kanter Jake 27 May 2018 Brexit supporters are angry about a secret plot to keep Britain in Europe after 829 000 is set aside for EU elections Business Insider UK Retrieved 27 May 2018 European Parliament resolution of 7 February 2018 on the composition of the European Parliament Texts adopted P8 TA 2018 0029 European Parliament 7 February 2018 Stone Jon 16 June 2018 EU making preparations for possibility of Brexit being postponed The Independent Archived from the original on 15 June 2018 Retrieved 16 June 2018 Article 3 2 Establishing the composition of the European Parliament European Council Decision EU 2018 937 European Council 28 June 2018 Fella Stefano 22 March 2019 Brexit delayed the European Council Conclusions on extending Article 50 Commons Briefing Papers CBP 8533 House of Commons Library Retrieved 29 March 2019 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help Stefano Fella 22 March 2019 Brexit delayed the European Council Conclusions on extending Article 50 PDF House of Commons Library Hughes Laura et al 28 March 2019 Brexit timeline key dates in the UK s divorce from the EU Financial Times Retrieved 30 March 2019 Johnston Neil 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2019 Helm Toby Savage Michael 21 April 2019 Brexit second referendum only way to beat Nigel Farage warns Tom Watson The Guardian Retrieved 28 July 2021 Stewart Heather 27 April 2019 Labour denies having to rewrite EU election leaflet after referendum row The Guardian Retrieved 28 July 2021 2019 European elections Labour MPs push for referendum pledge BBC News 26 April 2019 Retrieved 28 July 2021 Brexit Labour to redraft European Parliament election leaflets BBC News 27 April 2019 Retrieved 28 July 2021 Heather Stewart 30 April 2019 Anger as Corbyn faces down calls for Labour to back new Brexit vote The Guardian a b Sparrow Andrew Carrell Severin 30 April 2019 Brexit Labour restates 2nd referendum option policy despite pressure to shift from party remainers as it happened The Guardian Mia Jancowicz 2 May 2019 Labour Remainers are chopping up their membership cards after Brexit fudge The New European Archant Media Archived from the original on 1 May 2019 Retrieved 1 May 2019 Heather Stewart 30 April 2019 Watson stages polite walkout over Labour s EU election manifesto The Guardian Greg Heffer 1 May 2019 Labour deputy Tom Watson walks out of shadow cabinet meeting amid Brexit divisions Sky News Abandon Leave and Remain labels to halt endless loop on Brexit says Corbyn Irish Examiner 9 May 2019 Archived from the original on 9 May 2019 Retrieved 9 May 2019 a b Theresa May set to let MPs decide as Brexit talks hit buffers Evening Standard 13 May 2019 Retrieved 17 May 2019 a b Voters still do not know whether Labour is a Remain or Leave party Evening Standard 20 May 2019 Staying in the EU non negotiable UK s longest serving MEP insists Southend Standard Newsquest Media Group Press Association 16 May 2019 Syal Rajeev 19 April 2019 Tory councillors refuse to campaign for next month s EU elections The Guardian Labour must back second Brexit vote BBC News 21 April 2019 Tim Shipman Caroline Wheeler Jason Allardyce 28 April 2019 Back Farage and you re out Tory MPs told as voters desert party The Times Retrieved 29 April 2019 subscription required Sparrow Andrew Walker Peter 16 May 2019 May agrees to set departure date after Brexit bill vote as Johnson announces leadership bid as it happened The Guardian Mikhailova Anna Yorke Harry 16 May 2019 Tearful Theresa May forced to agree to stand down PM out by June 30 at the latest The Telegraph Telegraph Media Group Archived from the original on 12 January 2022 Ukip the true voice of Brexit as party seeks to counter Nigel Farage threat The Scotsman JPI Media Press Association 18 April 2019 Thu 18 Apr 2019 Channel 4 News ITN 18 April 2019 UKIP south west MEP hopeful criticised over rape tweet Salisbury Journal Newsquest Media Group 18 April 2019 UKIP MEP candidate Personally I find racist jokes funny Evening Standard 26 April 2019 Walker Peter 16 April 2019 Ukip MEP Stuart Agnew addressed pro apartheid club The Guardian Retrieved 21 April 2019 Jacobson Seth 12 April 2019 Nigel Farage says Brexit party won t take money from Arron Banks The Guardian Ukip MEPs quit to join Nigel Farage s Brexit Party The Independent 15 April 2019 Archived from the original on 15 April 2019 Walker Peter 23 April 2019 Former communist standing as MEP for Farage s Brexit party The Guardian Sparrow Andrew 23 April 2019 Labour and No 10 blame each other for lack of progress in talks on Brexit compromise as it happened The Guardian Elgot Jessica 13 April 2019 Brexit pro EU parties to use European elections as soft referendum The Guardian Retrieved 21 April 2019 Hyde Marina 19 April 2019 Only remainers could snatch defeat from the jaws of victory like this The Guardian a b Newsnight BBC2 23 April 2019 BBC News 23 April 2019 Lib Dems attack other anti Brexit parties for refusing to fight on joint ticket for European elections The Independent 17 April 2019 Archived from the original on 17 April 2019 Sparrow Andrew 23 April 2019 Labour and No 10 blame each other for lack of progress in talks on Brexit compromise as it 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Retrieved 31 May 2019 Schofield Kevin 31 May 2019 Major shock as Lib Dems take the lead in new opinion poll PoliticsHome Retrieved 31 May 2019 Bush Stephen 30 May 2019 Are the Liberal Democrats really topping the polls New Statesman Retrieved 31 May 2019 Change UK splits as six of 11 MPs become independents BBC News 4 June 2019 Retrieved 4 June 2019 Chuka Umunna joins the Lib Dems after quitting Change UK BBC News 13 June 2019 Retrieved 13 June 2019 Pyne Holly 24 April 2019 EU elections The full list of MEP candidates Talk Radio Wireless Group Archived from the original on 27 April 2019 Retrieved 27 April 2019 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to 2019 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom House of Commons Briefings 2019 UK European Parliament Election Results European Parliament Liaison Office in the United Kingdom The Electoral Commission European Parliamentary electionsManifestos Edit Alliance Change UK DUP Green Party of England and Wales Labour Liberal Democrats Plaid Cymru Sinn Fein Scottish Greens UKIP Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 2019 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom amp oldid 1130057800, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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