Yau was born to a family of scholars at Xinjifang, Xingtan, Shunde District, Guangdong. He entered a private school at the age of 5, and was educated under Luk Nam-long (陸南朗), a famous scholar in his hometown, at the age of 10. Luk influenced Yau with his strong sense of distinction between the Manchus and the Hans.
Revolution
In 1881, the 17-year-old Yau Lit travelled to Shanghai, Incheon, the Three Northeast Provinces and Nanking, joined the Hongmen during the journey and aspired to revolution. When he returned to Kwangtung, he entered the Canton Academy of Mathematics (廣州算學館). Later, he worked at the Mathematics Branch of Shatin Bureau, Kwangtung, and was responsible for drawing the border between China and the then France-occupied Annam. In 1892, Yau worked as a secretary at the Secretariat for Chinese Affairs of Hong Kong.
One day, Yau visited Yeung Hok-ling, his classmate at the Canton Academy of Mathematics, and was introduced to Sun Yat-sen, a medical student from Yeung's hometown. Sun then introduced them to Chan Siu-bak, his classmate at the Alice Memorial Hospital. The four frequently met at Yeung Yiu Kee (楊耀記), Yeung's family shop at 24 Gough Street, to discuss a revolution against the Qing dynasty, and were collectively called the Four Bandits by their neighbours.
Yau was a member of the Furen Literary Society, which was set up to spread the idea of revolution. He introduced Yeung Kui-wan, the leader of Furen, to Sun, who had already established the Revive China Society in Honolulu, Hawaii. After the Furen Literary Society was merged into the Revive China Society to set up the Hong Kong Chapter of the Revive China Society, Yau participated in plotting the Canton Uprising of 1895. The uprising failed, and Lu Haodong was among the revolutionaries killed by Qing soldiers. Yau had to flee to Saigon.
In 1897, Yau returned to Hong Kong to found the Chung-wo Tong (中和堂) in Kowloon to advocate revolution; branches were later founded in Yokohama, Japan and Southeast Asia. Chung-wo Tong was subsequently merged into the Tongmenghui. In 1900 Yau participated in another unsuccessful uprising in Waichow, and had to flee to Yokohama with Sun. In Yokohama Yau and Sun decided the government after revolution should be called the Republic of China (中華民國).
Yau focused on gaining the support from Chinese people living in Nanyang. He worked as the chief editor of the Thoe Lam Jit Poh (圖南日報), a pro-revolution newspaper circulating in Southeast Asia. He was jailed for several months in Singapore when he came to assist other revolutionaries.
In 1912, The Republic of China was established in Nanking as the first democratic republic in East Asia. Soon afterwards, Zhang Xun, a general who remained loyal to Qing, attacked Nanking. Fearing Nanking would be captured, Yau Lit initiated the Chung-wo North Expedition Army (中和北伐軍) to protect the capital city. Emperor Puyi of Qing abdicated after the failure of Zhang's attack.
Yau was invited to Peking by President Yuan Shikai to discuss national issues, but escaped to Tientsin when he discovered Yuan was only using him to restrain Sun Yat-sen. When Yuan declared himself the Emperor of China, Guan Renfu (關仁甫) of Chung-wo Tong was one of the National Protection Armies against Yuan. Yuan died and the Republic of China was restored.
When Sun Yat-sen established the Government in Canton in 1921, the Three Bandits were appointed as Sun's consultants. Seeing himself at odds with Chan Siu-bak and his suggestions opposed by Hu Hanmin, Yau returned to Hong Kong to set up a school teaching Confucian values. He also co-founded the Hong Kong Chinese Herbalist Association to promote traditional Chinese medicine.
Later life
In 1936, when China had been reunified by Chiang Kai-shek, Yau visited Nanking and died there at the age of 72.
Descendants
His descendants modified the "尢" surname to "尤", which shares the same pronunciation "Yau" as the former. Carrie Yau Tsang Ka-lai (尤曾嘉麗), former Permanent Secretary for Home Affairs of Hong Kong, is Yau Lit's great-granddaughter-in-law.
this, article, multiple, issues, please, help, improve, discuss, these, issues, talk, page, learn, when, remove, these, template, messages, this, article, includes, list, references, related, reading, external, links, sources, remain, unclear, because, lacks, . This article has multiple issues Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page Learn how and when to remove these template messages This article includes a list of references related reading or external links but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations October 2011 Learn how and when to remove this template message This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Yau Lit news newspapers books scholar JSTOR October 2011 Learn how and when to remove this template message Learn how and when to remove this template message Yau Lit Chinese 尢列 pinyin You Lie Wade Giles Yu Lieh 1864 12 December 1936 born Yau Kwai bok 尢季博 courtesy name Tui hau 推孝 or Ling kwai 令季 or Euclid Yau 1 was a Chinese revolutionary from Shuntak Kwangtung He is one of the Four Bandits together with Sun Yat sen Chan siu bak and Yeung Hok ling Yau Lit尢列BornYau Kwai bok1864 1864 Kwangtung ChinaDiedDecember 12 1936 1936 12 12 aged 71 72 Nanjing Republic of ChinaNationalityChineseOccupationrevolutionaryChildrenYau Wing cheong son ParentYau Wan wan father Yau Lit sitting at the right as one of the Four Bandits Contents 1 Early life 2 Revolution 3 After the revolution 4 Later life 5 Descendants 6 ReferencesEarly life EditYau was born to a family of scholars at Xinjifang Xingtan Shunde District Guangdong He entered a private school at the age of 5 and was educated under Luk Nam long 陸南朗 a famous scholar in his hometown at the age of 10 Luk influenced Yau with his strong sense of distinction between the Manchus and the Hans Revolution EditIn 1881 the 17 year old Yau Lit travelled to Shanghai Incheon the Three Northeast Provinces and Nanking joined the Hongmen during the journey and aspired to revolution When he returned to Kwangtung he entered the Canton Academy of Mathematics 廣州算學館 Later he worked at the Mathematics Branch of Shatin Bureau Kwangtung and was responsible for drawing the border between China and the then France occupied Annam In 1892 Yau worked as a secretary at the Secretariat for Chinese Affairs of Hong Kong One day Yau visited Yeung Hok ling his classmate at the Canton Academy of Mathematics and was introduced to Sun Yat sen a medical student from Yeung s hometown Sun then introduced them to Chan Siu bak his classmate at the Alice Memorial Hospital The four frequently met at Yeung Yiu Kee 楊耀記 Yeung s family shop at 24 Gough Street to discuss a revolution against the Qing dynasty and were collectively called the Four Bandits by their neighbours Yau was a member of the Furen Literary Society which was set up to spread the idea of revolution He introduced Yeung Kui wan the leader of Furen to Sun who had already established the Revive China Society in Honolulu Hawaii After the Furen Literary Society was merged into the Revive China Society to set up the Hong Kong Chapter of the Revive China Society Yau participated in plotting the Canton Uprising of 1895 The uprising failed and Lu Haodong was among the revolutionaries killed by Qing soldiers Yau had to flee to Saigon In 1897 Yau returned to Hong Kong to found the Chung wo Tong 中和堂 in Kowloon to advocate revolution branches were later founded in Yokohama Japan and Southeast Asia Chung wo Tong was subsequently merged into the Tongmenghui In 1900 Yau participated in another unsuccessful uprising in Waichow and had to flee to Yokohama with Sun In Yokohama Yau and Sun decided the government after revolution should be called the Republic of China 中華民國 Yau focused on gaining the support from Chinese people living in Nanyang He worked as the chief editor of the Thoe Lam Jit Poh 圖南日報 a pro revolution newspaper circulating in Southeast Asia He was jailed for several months in Singapore when he came to assist other revolutionaries Following the Wuchang Uprising in 1911 Yau went to Yunnan to persuade his old friend Cai E to join the Xinhai Revolution After the revolution EditIn 1912 The Republic of China was established in Nanking as the first democratic republic in East Asia Soon afterwards Zhang Xun a general who remained loyal to Qing attacked Nanking Fearing Nanking would be captured Yau Lit initiated the Chung wo North Expedition Army 中和北伐軍 to protect the capital city Emperor Puyi of Qing abdicated after the failure of Zhang s attack Yau was invited to Peking by President Yuan Shikai to discuss national issues but escaped to Tientsin when he discovered Yuan was only using him to restrain Sun Yat sen When Yuan declared himself the Emperor of China Guan Renfu 關仁甫 of Chung wo Tong was one of the National Protection Armies against Yuan Yuan died and the Republic of China was restored When Sun Yat sen established the Government in Canton in 1921 the Three Bandits were appointed as Sun s consultants Seeing himself at odds with Chan Siu bak and his suggestions opposed by Hu Hanmin Yau returned to Hong Kong to set up a school teaching Confucian values He also co founded the Hong Kong Chinese Herbalist Association to promote traditional Chinese medicine Later life EditIn 1936 when China had been reunified by Chiang Kai shek Yau visited Nanking and died there at the age of 72 Descendants EditHis descendants modified the 尢 surname to 尤 which shares the same pronunciation Yau as the former Carrie Yau Tsang Ka lai 尤曾嘉麗 former Permanent Secretary for Home Affairs of Hong Kong is Yau Lit s great granddaughter in law References Edit 蔡 思行 彭 淑敏 區 志堅 2011 辛亥人物群像 Hongkong 中華書局 p 89 ISBN 978 988 8104 92 5 國史館編 國史擬傳 臺北 國史館 1988 第4輯 頁1 7 中華百科全書 尢列 尢列 功成身退做良醫 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Yau Lit amp oldid 1127962318, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
