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Tortona

January 09, 2024

Tortona (Italian: [torˈtoːna]; Piedmontese: Torton-a [tʊrˈtʊŋa], locally [tʊrˈtɔŋa]; Latin: Dhertona) is a comune of Piemonte, in the Province of Alessandria, Italy. Tortona is sited on the right bank of the Scrivia between the plain of Marengo and the foothills of the Ligurian Apennines. Its frazione of Vho is a member of the I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy") association.[3]

Tortona
Torton-a (Piedmontese)
Comune
Comune di Tortona
Coat of arms
Location of Tortona
Tortona
Location of Tortona in Italy
Tortona
Tortona (Piedmont)
Coordinates: 44°53′39″N 08°51′56″E / 44.89417°N 8.86556°E / 44.89417; 8.86556
CountryItaly
RegionPiedmont
ProvinceAlessandria (AL)
FrazioniTorre Garofoli, Rivalta Scrivia, Vho, Mombisaggio, Castellar Ponzano, Bettole di Tortona, Torre Calderai
Government
 • MayorFederico Chiodi
Area
[1]
 • Total99.66 km2 (38.48 sq mi)
Elevation
122 m (400 ft)
Population
 (1 January 2021)[2]
 • Total26,713
 • Density270/km2 (690/sq mi)
DemonymTortonesi
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
15057
Dialing code0131
ISTAT code006174
Patron saintSt. Marcian of Tortona
Saint day6 March
WebsiteOfficial website

History edit

 
Tortona Cathedral (postcard from c. 1890)
 
Piazza Duomo, with the cathedral and on the right the bishops' palace

Known in ancient times as Dertona, the city was probably the oldest colony under Roman rule in the westernmost section of the Valley of the Po, on the road leading from Genua (Genoa) to Placentia (Piacenza). The city was founded c. 123–118 BC at the junction of the great roads; the Via Postumia and the Via Aemilia Scauri which merged to become the Via Julia Augusta. The site made Dertona an important military station under the Romans. Strabo speaks of it as one of the most considerable towns in this part of Italy, and from Pliny wrote that it was a Roman colony. Velleius mentions it among those founded under the Republic, it appears to have been recolonised under Augustus; some inscriptions therefore give it the title of Julia Dertona.[4] The assassin of Caesar, Brutus, encamped at Dertona on his march in pursuit of Mark Antony, after the Battle of Mutina,[5] and it was one of the places where a body of troops was usually stationed during the later ages of the empire.[6]

A bishopric was founded at Tortona early, but its first bishops are purely legendary, like Saint Marcianus of Tortona, called the first bishop of Piedmont and a disciple of Barnabas, the companion of Paul. Until the 9th century, the city was under the rule of its bishop; in 1090 it became a free commune with the name of Terdona. In 1133 the diocese was separated from the archbishopric of Milan to the new archdiocese of Genoa (CE "Lombardy").

In 1155 Frederick Barbarossa besieged, captured and leveled Tortona to the ground, leaving not one stone upon another.[7]

During the Middle Ages, Tortona was a faithful ally of the Guelphs and was destroyed several times, notably by Frederick Barbarossa.[8] From 1260 to 1347 the city was dominated by a series of different Italian noble families and adventurers. In 1347, Tortona was decisively incorporated into the territories of the Duchy of Milan, under which remained until 1735. One of the rulers in this period was Facino Cane, who in the unsettled affairs of Lombardy had assembled a string of lordships and great wealth which he bequeathed to his wife, Beatrice, and arranged with his friends that a marriage should be effected between her and Filippo Maria Visconti. According to Machiavelli[9] "By this union Filippo became powerful, and reacquired Milan and the whole of Lombardy. By way of being grateful for these numerous favors, as princes commonly are, he accused Beatrice of adultery and caused her to be put to death".[10] Then following the vicissitudes of the War of the Polish Succession, the city was occupied by the King of Sardinia, and "count of Tortona" was added to the titles of the House of Savoy.

Colli Tortonesi edit

Tortona is the capital of an area known as Colli Tortonesi, which stretches from the town to the border with Liguria. The area is known for the variety and of its products and for the intensive wine production, including Barbera, Dolcetto, Moscato and Timorasso, the autochthonous wine of the region which traces its origin back to the 14th century. Truffles are another important fruit of this land and the Colli Tortonesi is the only place in Piedmont to have three varieties of truffle: White truffle, Black Truffle and scorzone.

Main sights edit

  • Roman remains, traditionally identified as the Mausoleum of the Roman Emperor Maiorianus.
  • Palazzo Guidobono (15th century), restructured in 1939 to bring back its Gothic façade. It has traces of Renaissance frescoes.
  • The cathedral (mid-16th century). The façade is a neoclassicist addition of the 19th century. The interior has works by Camillo Procaccini, Aurelio Luini and others. It houses also the relics of St. Martianus, patron of Tortona, and the tombs of many important religious figures, including Don Lorenzo Perosi and his brother Cardinal Carlo Perosi.
  • Liceo Giuseppe Peano, built in the 19th century.
  • The Bishops' Palace (1584), with a noteworthy Renaissance portal. It has a triptych of Madonna with Child and Saints by Macrino d'Alba (1499).
  • Abbey of Santa Maria di Rivalta, in the frazione of Rivalta Scrivia. It is a Romanesque structure founded before 1151. It houses several 15th-century frescoes.
  • Church of San Matteo
  • Church of Santa Maria Canale
  • Church of Santa Giustina e Sant'Agnese

People edit

People born in Tortona, or with close links to the town, include:

Twin towns edit

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ "Superficie di Comuni Province e Regioni italiane al 9 ottobre 2011". Italian National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
  2. ^ Population data from Istat
  3. ^ "Piemonte" (in Italian). Retrieved 31 July 2023.
  4. ^ Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). "Dertona". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray; Vell. Pat., Historiae, i. 15; Plin., H.N., iii. 5. s. 7.
  5. ^ Cic. ad Fam. xi. 1. 0
  6. ^ Not. Dign. ii. p. 121.
  7. ^ Norwich, John Julius. Byzantium: The Decline and Fall (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1996) p. 108
  8. ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Tortona" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 27 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 71–72.
  9. ^ History of Florence, ch. 7
  10. ^ "History of Florence by Niccolo Machiavelli: Chapter 7".

Sources edit

  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). "Dertona". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray.

  • The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites (eds. Richard Stillwell, William L. MacDonald, Marian Holland McAllister)
  • Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854) (ed. William Smith, LLD)


  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)

January 09, 2024
tortona, italian, torˈtoːna, piedmontese, torton, tʊrˈtʊŋa, locally, tʊrˈtɔŋa, latin, dhertona, comune, piemonte, province, alessandria, italy, sited, right, bank, scrivia, between, plain, marengo, foothills, ligurian, apennines, frazione, member, borghi, più,. Tortona Italian torˈtoːna Piedmontese Torton a tʊrˈtʊŋa locally tʊrˈtɔŋa Latin Dhertona is a comune of Piemonte in the Province of Alessandria Italy Tortona is sited on the right bank of the Scrivia between the plain of Marengo and the foothills of the Ligurian Apennines Its frazione of Vho is a member of the I Borghi piu belli d Italia The most beautiful villages of Italy association 3 Tortona Torton a Piedmontese ComuneComune di TortonaCoat of armsLocation of TortonaTortonaLocation of Tortona in ItalyShow map of ItalyTortonaTortona Piedmont Show map of PiedmontCoordinates 44 53 39 N 08 51 56 E 44 89417 N 8 86556 E 44 89417 8 86556CountryItalyRegionPiedmontProvinceAlessandria AL FrazioniTorre Garofoli Rivalta Scrivia Vho Mombisaggio Castellar Ponzano Bettole di Tortona Torre CalderaiGovernment MayorFederico ChiodiArea 1 Total99 66 km2 38 48 sq mi Elevation122 m 400 ft Population 1 January 2021 2 Total26 713 Density270 km2 690 sq mi DemonymTortonesiTime zoneUTC 1 CET Summer DST UTC 2 CEST Postal code15057Dialing code0131ISTAT code006174Patron saintSt Marcian of TortonaSaint day6 MarchWebsiteOfficial website Contents 1 History 2 Colli Tortonesi 3 Main sights 4 People 5 Twin towns 6 See also 7 References 8 SourcesHistory edit nbsp Tortona Cathedral postcard from c 1890 nbsp Piazza Duomo with the cathedral and on the right the bishops palaceKnown in ancient times as Dertona the city was probably the oldest colony under Roman rule in the westernmost section of the Valley of the Po on the road leading from Genua Genoa to Placentia Piacenza The city was founded c 123 118 BC at the junction of the great roads the Via Postumia and the Via Aemilia Scauri which merged to become the Via Julia Augusta The site made Dertona an important military station under the Romans Strabo speaks of it as one of the most considerable towns in this part of Italy and from Pliny wrote that it was a Roman colony Velleius mentions it among those founded under the Republic it appears to have been recolonised under Augustus some inscriptions therefore give it the title of Julia Dertona 4 The assassin of Caesar Brutus encamped at Dertona on his march in pursuit of Mark Antony after the Battle of Mutina 5 and it was one of the places where a body of troops was usually stationed during the later ages of the empire 6 A bishopric was founded at Tortona early but its first bishops are purely legendary like Saint Marcianus of Tortona called the first bishop of Piedmont and a disciple of Barnabas the companion of Paul Until the 9th century the city was under the rule of its bishop in 1090 it became a free commune with the name of Terdona In 1133 the diocese was separated from the archbishopric of Milan to the new archdiocese of Genoa CE Lombardy In 1155 Frederick Barbarossa besieged captured and leveled Tortona to the ground leaving not one stone upon another 7 During the Middle Ages Tortona was a faithful ally of the Guelphs and was destroyed several times notably by Frederick Barbarossa 8 From 1260 to 1347 the city was dominated by a series of different Italian noble families and adventurers In 1347 Tortona was decisively incorporated into the territories of the Duchy of Milan under which remained until 1735 One of the rulers in this period was Facino Cane who in the unsettled affairs of Lombardy had assembled a string of lordships and great wealth which he bequeathed to his wife Beatrice and arranged with his friends that a marriage should be effected between her and Filippo Maria Visconti According to Machiavelli 9 By this union Filippo became powerful and reacquired Milan and the whole of Lombardy By way of being grateful for these numerous favors as princes commonly are he accused Beatrice of adultery and caused her to be put to death 10 Then following the vicissitudes of the War of the Polish Succession the city was occupied by the King of Sardinia and count of Tortona was added to the titles of the House of Savoy Colli Tortonesi editTortona is the capital of an area known as Colli Tortonesi which stretches from the town to the border with Liguria The area is known for the variety and of its products and for the intensive wine production including Barbera Dolcetto Moscato and Timorasso the autochthonous wine of the region which traces its origin back to the 14th century Truffles are another important fruit of this land and the Colli Tortonesi is the only place in Piedmont to have three varieties of truffle White truffle Black Truffle and scorzone Main sights editRoman remains traditionally identified as the Mausoleum of the Roman Emperor Maiorianus Palazzo Guidobono 15th century restructured in 1939 to bring back its Gothic facade It has traces of Renaissance frescoes The cathedral mid 16th century The facade is a neoclassicist addition of the 19th century The interior has works by Camillo Procaccini Aurelio Luini and others It houses also the relics of St Martianus patron of Tortona and the tombs of many important religious figures including Don Lorenzo Perosi and his brother Cardinal Carlo Perosi Liceo Giuseppe Peano built in the 19th century The Bishops Palace 1584 with a noteworthy Renaissance portal It has a triptych of Madonna with Child and Saints by Macrino d Alba 1499 Abbey of Santa Maria di Rivalta in the frazione of Rivalta Scrivia It is a Romanesque structure founded before 1151 It houses several 15th century frescoes Church of San Matteo Church of Santa Maria Canale Church of Santa Giustina e Sant AgnesePeople editPeople born in Tortona or with close links to the town include Saint Marcian of Tortona died perhaps around 120 CE is traditionally said to have been the first bishop of Tortona Saint Innocent of Tortona died c 350 who survived the persecutions and was sent as bishop to Tortona by Pope Sylvester Bishop Gezo of Tortona in the 10th century wrote a Treatise on the Body and Blood of the Lord 1 Marziano da Tortona secretary to Duke Filippo Maria Visconti of Milan is one of the people credited with inventing the card game of Tarocchi 2 nbsp Ancient church in the town center Cesare Saccaggi 1868 1934 painter 3 Saint Luigi Orione 1872 1940 founded the Sanctuary of the Madonna della Guardia in Tortona Lorenzo Perosi 1872 1956 an associate of Orione was a composer of church music and Perpetual Director of the Sistine Choir Marziano Perosi 1875 1959 composer organist choir director and brother of Lorenzo Fausto Coppi 1919 1960 Italian racing cyclist Giuseppe Campora 1923 2004 operatic tenor Enrico Bellone 1938 physicist and writer Ivo Milazzo 1947 Italian comic book artist Luisa Ottolini 1954 Italian physicist Majorian 420 461 Western Roman Emperor from 457 until his death is said to have died here Judith of Bavaria c 805 843 Holy Roman Empress and Queen of the Franks was exiled to Tortona when her husband Louis the Pious was briefly overthrown in 833 and rescued in 834 Ufomammut active 1999 doom metal band Alessandro Pier Guidi born 1983 racing driverTwin towns edit nbsp Privas France nbsp Weilburg Germany until 2008 nbsp Zevenaar The Netherlands nbsp Jiangyin People s Republic of China nbsp Gharb MaltaSee also editDiocese of Tortona In geology the Tortonian Age of the Miocene Epoch is named for TortonaReferences edit Superficie di Comuni Province e Regioni italiane al 9 ottobre 2011 Italian National Institute of Statistics Retrieved 16 March 2019 Population data from Istat Piemonte in Italian Retrieved 31 July 2023 Smith William ed 1854 1857 Dertona Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography London John Murray Vell Pat Historiae i 15 Plin H N iii 5 s 7 Cic ad Fam xi 1 0 Not Dign ii p 121 Norwich John Julius Byzantium The Decline and Fall New York Alfred A Knopf 1996 p 108 Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Tortona Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 27 11th ed Cambridge University Press pp 71 72 History of Florence ch 7 History of Florence by Niccolo Machiavelli Chapter 7 Sources edit nbsp This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Smith William ed 1854 1857 Dertona Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography London John Murray The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites eds Richard Stillwell William L MacDonald Marian Holland McAllister Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography 1854 ed William Smith LLD nbsp This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Herbermann Charles ed 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia New York Robert Appleton Company a href Template Cite encyclopedia html title Template Cite encyclopedia cite encyclopedia a Missing or empty title help Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Tortona amp oldid 1186545652, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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