fbpx
Wikipedia

Three wise monkeys

March 02, 2023

For the Turkish film, see Three Monkeys.
"Sanzaru" redirects here. For the game company, see Sanzaru Games.
"See no evil hear no evil" redirects here. For the 1989 comedy film, see See No Evil, Hear No Evil.

The three wise monkeys are a Japanese pictorial maxim, embodying the proverbial principle "see no evil, hear no evil, speak no evil".[1] The three monkeys are

  • Mizaru, who sees no evil, covering his eyes
  • Kikazaru, who hears no evil, covering his ears, and
  • Iwazaru, who speaks no evil, covering his mouth.[2]
The three wise monkeys at the Tōshō-gū shrine in Nikkō, Japan
Representation of Mahatma Gandhi's smaller statue of the three monkeys Bapu (Mizaru), Ketan (Kikazaru) and Bandar (Iwazaru), at the Sabarmati Ashram in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India

Lafcadio Hearn refers to them as the three mystic apes.[3]

There are various meanings ascribed to the monkeys and the proverb including associations with being of good mind, speech and action. The phrase is often used to refer to those who deal with impropriety by turning a blind eye.[4]

Outside Japan the monkeys' names are sometimes given as Mizaru, Mikazaru[5] and Mazaru,[6] as the last two names were corrupted from the Japanese originals.[7][8] The monkeys are Japanese macaques, a common species in Japan.

Origin

 
Kōshin scroll with the three monkeys
 
A World War II poster directed at participants in the Manhattan Project

The source that popularized this pictorial maxim is a 17th-century carving over a door of the Tōshō-gū shrine in Nikkō, Japan. The carvings at Tōshō-gū Shrine were carved by Hidari Jingoro, and believed to have incorporated Confucius’s Code of Conduct, using the monkey as a way to depict man’s life cycle. There are a total of eight panels, and the iconic three wise monkeys picture comes from panel 2. The philosophy, however, probably originally came to Japan with a Tendai-Buddhist legend, from China in the 8th century (Nara Period). It has been suggested that the figures represent the three dogmas of the so-called middle school of the sect.

In Chinese, two similar phrases exist: one is in the late Analects of Confucius (from 4th to 2nd century BCE), that reads: "Look not at what is contrary to propriety; listen not to what is contrary to propriety; speak not what is contrary to propriety; make no movement which is contrary to propriety" (非禮勿視，非禮勿聽，非禮勿言，非禮勿動);[9] the other is in the book Xunzi (from the 3rd century BCE), which reads: "[The gentleman] makes his eyes not want to see what is not right, makes his ears not want to hear what is not right, makes his mouth not want to speak what is not right, and makes his heart not want to deliberate over what is not right" (使目非是無欲見也，使耳非是無欲聞也，使口非是無欲言也，使心非是無欲慮也).[10][11] Those may be the inspiration for the pictorial maxim after Chinese works were brought into Japan.

It is through the Kōshin rite of folk religion that the most significant examples are presented. The Kōshin belief or practice is a Japanese folk religion with Chinese Taoism origins and ancient Shinto influence. It was founded by Tendai Buddhist monks in the late 10th century. A considerable number of stone monuments can be found all over the eastern part of Japan around Tokyo. During the later part of the Muromachi period, it was customary to display stone pillars depicting the three monkeys during the observance of Kōshin.

Though the teaching had nothing to do with monkeys, the concept of the three monkeys originated from a simple play on words. The saying in Japanese is mizaru, kikazaru, iwazaru (見ざる, 聞かざる, 言わざる) "see not, hear not, speak not", where the -zaru is a negative conjugation on the three verbs, matching zaru, the modified form of saru (猿) "monkey" used in compounds. Thus the saying (which does not include any specific reference to "evil") can also be interpreted as referring to three monkeys.

The shrine at Nikko is a Shinto shrine, and the monkey is an extremely important being in the Shinto religion. The monkey is believed to be the messenger of the Hie Shinto shrines, which also have connections with Tendai Buddhism. There are even important festivals that are celebrated during the year of the Monkey (occurring every twelve years) and a special festival is celebrated every sixteenth year of the Kōshin.

"The Three Mystic Apes" (Sambiki Saru) were described as "the attendants of Saruta Hito no Mikoto or Kōshin, the God of the Roads".[12] The Kōshin festival was held on the 60th day of the calendar. It has been suggested that during the Kōshin festival, according to old beliefs, one's bad deeds might be reported to heaven "unless avoidance actions were taken…". It has been theorized that the three Mystic Apes, Not Seeing, Hearing, or Speaking, may have been the "things that one has done wrong in the last 59 days".

According to other accounts, the monkeys caused the Sanshi and Ten-Tei not to see, say or hear the bad deeds of a person. The Sanshi (三尸) are the Three Corpses living in everyone's body. The Sanshi keep track of the good deeds and particularly the bad deeds of the person they inhabit. Every 60 days, on the night called Kōshin-Machi (庚申待), if the person sleeps, the Sanshi will leave the body and go to Ten-Tei (天帝), the Heavenly God, to report about the deeds of that person. Ten-Tei will then decide to punish bad people, making them ill, shortening their time alive, and in extreme cases putting an end to their lives. Those believers of Kōshin who have reason to fear will try to stay awake during Kōshin nights. This is the only way to prevent the Sanshi from leaving their body and reporting to Ten-Tei.

Meaning of the proverb

 
Sand sculptures of the three wise monkeys on Barceloneta Beach, Barcelona

Just as there is disagreement about the origin of the phrase, there are differing explanations of the meaning of "see no evil, hear no evil, speak no evil".

  • In Buddhist tradition, the tenets of the proverb are about not dwelling on evil thoughts.
  • The proverb and the image are often used to refer to a lack of moral responsibility on the part of people who refuse to acknowledge impropriety, looking the other way or feigning ignorance.[13]

Variations

Sometimes there is a fourth monkey depicted, Sezaru, who symbolizes the principle of "do no evil", which fits with the full quote from Analects of Confucius. The monkey may be shown crossing its arms or covering its genitals. Yet another variation has the fourth monkey hold its nose to avoid a stench and has been dubbed "smell no evil" accordingly.[4]

 
Sculpture of four monkeys, the fourth monkey is covering its genitals

The opposite version of the three wise monkeys can also be found. In this case, one monkey holds its hands to its eyes to focus vision, the second monkey cups its hands around its ears to improve hearing, and the third monkey holds its hands to its mouth like a bullhorn. Another modern interpretation is "Hear, see, and speak out loud for what you stand for".

 
Three wise monkeys variation : "Hear, see, speak only good"

Rajneesh movement

According to Osho Rajneesh, the monkey symbolism originated in ancient Hindu tradition and Buddhist monks spread this symbolism across Asia. The original Hindu and Buddhist version has four monkeys and the fourth monkey covers its genitals. The Buddhist version means this as "Don't do anything evil".

In Hindu original version the meaning of the fourth monkey is very different from the popular Buddhist version. It means, "Hide your pleasures. Hide your enjoyment, don't show it to anybody."[14]

Osho Rajneesh gave his own meaning regarding this. The first monkey denotes 'Don't listen to the truth because it will disturb all your consoling lies'. The second monkey denotes 'Don't look at the truth; otherwise your God will be dead and your heaven and hell will disappear'. The third monkey denotes 'Don't speak the truth, otherwise you will be condemned, crucified, poisoned, tortured by the whole crowd, the unconscious people. The fourth monkey denotes "Keep your pleasures, your joys, hidden. Don't let anybody know that you are a cheerful man, a blissful man, an ecstatic man, because that will destroy your very life. It is dangerous".[15]

Cultural influences

The three wise monkeys, and the associated proverb, are known throughout Asia and outside Asia. They have been a motif in pictures, such as the ukiyo-e (Japanese woodblock printings) by Keisai Eisen, and are frequently represented in modern culture.

Mahatma Gandhi's main exception to his lifestyle of non-possession was a small statue of the three monkeys - Bapu, Ketan and Bandar. Today, a larger representation of the three monkeys is prominently displayed at the Sabarmati Ashram in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, where Gandhi lived from 1915 to 1930 and from where he departed on his famous salt march. Gandhi's statue also inspired a 2008 artwork by Subodh Gupta, Gandhi's Three Monkeys.[16]

The three monkeys are depicted in the trial scene in the 1968 film Planet of the Apes. In an example of semiotics, the judges mimic the "see no evil, hear no evil, speak no evil" monkeys.[17]

In a spoof of this saying, Bob Dole quipped about a meeting of former US Presidents: "Carter, Ford and Nixon: see no evil, hear no evil and evil."[18]

The maxim inspired an award-winning 2008 Turkish film by director Nuri Bilge Ceylan called Three Monkeys (Üç Maymun).

 
Three Wise Monkeys In Disneyland's Bengal Barbecue

A depiction of the Three Wise Monkeys can be seen carved into a faux tree behind the service counter at Bengal Barbecue in Disneyland's Adventureland across from Indiana Jones Adventure.[19]

In the Walt Disney Animation Studios film Encanto (2021), the gifts that each trio of siblings are given have the same theme from popular tropes. See, Hear, and Speak are used with Dolores who has the gift of super-hearing, Camilo who has the gift of shapeshifting, making it so he can change how you see him, and Antionio who has the gift of speaking to animals.[20]

Unicode characters

Unicode provides emoji representations of the monkeys in the Emoticons block as follows:[21]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Wolfgang Mieder. 1981. "The Proverbial Three Wise Monkeys," Midwestern Journal of Language and Folklore, 7: 5- 38.
  2. ^ Oldest reference to the correct monkey names in English. Source:
    • Japan Society of London (1893). Transactions and proceedings of the Japan Society, London, Volume 1. Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Co. p. 98.
  3. ^ Lafcadio Hearn (1894). Glimpses of unfamiliar Japan, volume 2, p. 127.
  4. ^ a b Pornpimol Kanchanalak (21 April 2011). . The Nation. Thailand. Archived from the original on 28 August 2015. Retrieved 19 June 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  5. ^ "Mikazaru - Google Search". www.google.com.
  6. ^ Oldest reference of the incorrect Mazaru in Google Books. Source:
    • Anderson, Isabel (1920). The spell of Japan. Page. p. 379.
  7. ^ Worth, Fred L. (1974). The Trivia Encyclopedia. Brooke House. p. 262. ISBN 978-0-912588-12-4.
  8. ^ Shipley, Joseph Twadell (2001). The Origins of English Words: A Discursive Dictionary of Indo-European Roots. Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 249. ISBN 978-0-8018-6784-2.
  9. ^ Original text: 論語 (in Chinese), Analects (in English)
  10. ^ Original text in Sibu Congkan, "Vol. 312". pages 32-33 of 156
  11. ^ Xun Kuang (2014). Xunzi - The Complete Text. Translated by Eric L. Hutton. Princeton: Princeton University Press. p. 8.
  12. ^ Joly, Henri L. (1908). "Legend in Japanese Art". London, New York: J. Lane. p. 10. Retrieved 13 December 2011.
  13. ^ Tom Oleson (29 October 2011). "How about monkey see, monkey DON'T do next time?". Winnipeg Free Press. Retrieved 25 July 2012.
  14. ^ Osho, Chandra Mohan Jain. "I Celebrate Myself: God Is No Where: Life Is Now Here" (PDF).
  15. ^ Osho on zen. "I celebrate myself: God is no where, Life is now here". Chapter 1: The grand Rebellion. Question 1.
  16. ^ . Qatar Tribune. 28 May 2012. Archived from the original on 6 June 2012. Retrieved 21 June 2012.
  17. ^ "Planet of the Apes (1968)". Retrieved 4 April 2018 – via www.imdb.com.
  18. ^ "Liberties;Let Dole Be Dole". New York Times. 7 March 1996. Retrieved 9 March 2019.
  19. ^ Shaffer, Joshua C (July 17, 2017). Discovering the Magic Kingdom: An Unofficial Disneyland Vacation Guide - Second Edition. Synergy Book Publishing. p. 454. ISBN 978-0-9991664-0-6.
  20. ^ Shaffer, Joshua (13 February 2022). "Character Themes in Disney's Encanto". Discovering The Magic Kingdom. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
  21. ^ Unicode 6.0.0 characters in Emoticons block: SEE-NO-EVIL MONKEY ‹🙈›, HEAR-NO-EVIL MONKEY ‹🙉› and SPEAK-NO-EVIL MONKEY ‹🙊›.

References

  • Titelman, Gregory Y. (2000). Random House Dictionary of America's Popular Proverbs and Sayings (second ed.). New York: Random House. ISBN 978-0-375-70584-7.
  • Archer Taylor, “Audi, Vidi, Tace” and the three monkeys
  • A. W. Smith, Folklore, Vol. 104, No. ½ pp. 144–150 "On the Ambiguity of the Three Wise Monkeys"

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to See no evil hear no evil speak no evil.
 
Wikiquote has quotations related to Evil speaking.
 
Wikiquote has quotations related to List of proverbs.
  • Collector's picture gallery
  • Information compiled by collectors
  • Monkey(saru)-Kōshin on onmarkproductions.com
  • More Information compiled by Collectors

March 02, 2023
three, wise, monkeys, turkish, film, three, monkeys, sanzaru, redirects, here, game, company, sanzaru, games, evil, hear, evil, redirects, here, 1989, comedy, film, evil, hear, evil, three, wise, monkeys, japanese, pictorial, maxim, embodying, proverbial, prin. For the Turkish film see Three Monkeys Sanzaru redirects here For the game company see Sanzaru Games See no evil hear no evil redirects here For the 1989 comedy film see See No Evil Hear No Evil The three wise monkeys are a Japanese pictorial maxim embodying the proverbial principle see no evil hear no evil speak no evil 1 The three monkeys areMizaru who sees no evil covering his eyes Kikazaru who hears no evil covering his ears and Iwazaru who speaks no evil covering his mouth 2 The three wise monkeys at the Tōshō gu shrine in Nikkō Japan Representation of Mahatma Gandhi s smaller statue of the three monkeys Bapu Mizaru Ketan Kikazaru and Bandar Iwazaru at the Sabarmati Ashram in Ahmedabad Gujarat India Lafcadio Hearn refers to them as the three mystic apes 3 There are various meanings ascribed to the monkeys and the proverb including associations with being of good mind speech and action The phrase is often used to refer to those who deal with impropriety by turning a blind eye 4 Outside Japan the monkeys names are sometimes given as Mizaru Mikazaru 5 and Mazaru 6 as the last two names were corrupted from the Japanese originals 7 8 The monkeys are Japanese macaques a common species in Japan Contents 1 Origin 2 Meaning of the proverb 3 Variations 4 Rajneesh movement 5 Cultural influences 6 Unicode characters 7 See also 8 Notes 9 References 10 External linksOrigin Edit Kōshin scroll with the three monkeys A World War II poster directed at participants in the Manhattan Project The source that popularized this pictorial maxim is a 17th century carving over a door of the Tōshō gu shrine in Nikkō Japan The carvings at Tōshō gu Shrine were carved by Hidari Jingoro and believed to have incorporated Confucius s Code of Conduct using the monkey as a way to depict man s life cycle There are a total of eight panels and the iconic three wise monkeys picture comes from panel 2 The philosophy however probably originally came to Japan with a Tendai Buddhist legend from China in the 8th century Nara Period It has been suggested that the figures represent the three dogmas of the so called middle school of the sect In Chinese two similar phrases exist one is in the late Analects of Confucius from 4th to 2nd century BCE that reads Look not at what is contrary to propriety listen not to what is contrary to propriety speak not what is contrary to propriety make no movement which is contrary to propriety 非禮勿視 非禮勿聽 非禮勿言 非禮勿動 9 the other is in the book Xunzi from the 3rd century BCE which reads The gentleman makes his eyes not want to see what is not right makes his ears not want to hear what is not right makes his mouth not want to speak what is not right and makes his heart not want to deliberate over what is not right 使目非是無欲見也 使耳非是無欲聞也 使口非是無欲言也 使心非是無欲慮也 10 11 Those may be the inspiration for the pictorial maxim after Chinese works were brought into Japan It is through the Kōshin rite of folk religion that the most significant examples are presented The Kōshin belief or practice is a Japanese folk religion with Chinese Taoism origins and ancient Shinto influence It was founded by Tendai Buddhist monks in the late 10th century A considerable number of stone monuments can be found all over the eastern part of Japan around Tokyo During the later part of the Muromachi period it was customary to display stone pillars depicting the three monkeys during the observance of Kōshin Though the teaching had nothing to do with monkeys the concept of the three monkeys originated from a simple play on words The saying in Japanese is mizaru kikazaru iwazaru 見ざる 聞かざる 言わざる see not hear not speak not where the zaru is a negative conjugation on the three verbs matching zaru the modified form of saru 猿 monkey used in compounds Thus the saying which does not include any specific reference to evil can also be interpreted as referring to three monkeys The shrine at Nikko is a Shinto shrine and the monkey is an extremely important being in the Shinto religion The monkey is believed to be the messenger of the Hie Shinto shrines which also have connections with Tendai Buddhism There are even important festivals that are celebrated during the year of the Monkey occurring every twelve years and a special festival is celebrated every sixteenth year of the Kōshin The Three Mystic Apes Sambiki Saru were described as the attendants of Saruta Hito no Mikoto or Kōshin the God of the Roads 12 The Kōshin festival was held on the 60th day of the calendar It has been suggested that during the Kōshin festival according to old beliefs one s bad deeds might be reported to heaven unless avoidance actions were taken It has been theorized that the three Mystic Apes Not Seeing Hearing or Speaking may have been the things that one has done wrong in the last 59 days According to other accounts the monkeys caused the Sanshi and Ten Tei not to see say or hear the bad deeds of a person The Sanshi 三尸 are the Three Corpses living in everyone s body The Sanshi keep track of the good deeds and particularly the bad deeds of the person they inhabit Every 60 days on the night called Kōshin Machi 庚申待 if the person sleeps the Sanshi will leave the body and go to Ten Tei 天帝 the Heavenly God to report about the deeds of that person Ten Tei will then decide to punish bad people making them ill shortening their time alive and in extreme cases putting an end to their lives Those believers of Kōshin who have reason to fear will try to stay awake during Kōshin nights This is the only way to prevent the Sanshi from leaving their body and reporting to Ten Tei Meaning of the proverb Edit Sand sculptures of the three wise monkeys on Barceloneta Beach Barcelona Just as there is disagreement about the origin of the phrase there are differing explanations of the meaning of see no evil hear no evil speak no evil In Buddhist tradition the tenets of the proverb are about not dwelling on evil thoughts The proverb and the image are often used to refer to a lack of moral responsibility on the part of people who refuse to acknowledge impropriety looking the other way or feigning ignorance 13 Variations EditSometimes there is a fourth monkey depicted Sezaru who symbolizes the principle of do no evil which fits with the full quote from Analects of Confucius The monkey may be shown crossing its arms or covering its genitals Yet another variation has the fourth monkey hold its nose to avoid a stench and has been dubbed smell no evil accordingly 4 Sculpture of four monkeys the fourth monkey is covering its genitals The opposite version of the three wise monkeys can also be found In this case one monkey holds its hands to its eyes to focus vision the second monkey cups its hands around its ears to improve hearing and the third monkey holds its hands to its mouth like a bullhorn Another modern interpretation is Hear see and speak out loud for what you stand for Three wise monkeys variation Hear see speak only good Rajneesh movement EditAccording to Osho Rajneesh the monkey symbolism originated in ancient Hindu tradition and Buddhist monks spread this symbolism across Asia The original Hindu and Buddhist version has four monkeys and the fourth monkey covers its genitals The Buddhist version means this as Don t do anything evil In Hindu original version the meaning of the fourth monkey is very different from the popular Buddhist version It means Hide your pleasures Hide your enjoyment don t show it to anybody 14 Osho Rajneesh gave his own meaning regarding this The first monkey denotes Don t listen to the truth because it will disturb all your consoling lies The second monkey denotes Don t look at the truth otherwise your God will be dead and your heaven and hell will disappear The third monkey denotes Don t speak the truth otherwise you will be condemned crucified poisoned tortured by the whole crowd the unconscious people The fourth monkey denotes Keep your pleasures your joys hidden Don t let anybody know that you are a cheerful man a blissful man an ecstatic man because that will destroy your very life It is dangerous 15 Cultural influences EditThis section needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed November 2012 Learn how and when to remove this template message The three wise monkeys and the associated proverb are known throughout Asia and outside Asia They have been a motif in pictures such as the ukiyo e Japanese woodblock printings by Keisai Eisen and are frequently represented in modern culture Mahatma Gandhi s main exception to his lifestyle of non possession was a small statue of the three monkeys Bapu Ketan and Bandar Today a larger representation of the three monkeys is prominently displayed at the Sabarmati Ashram in Ahmedabad Gujarat where Gandhi lived from 1915 to 1930 and from where he departed on his famous salt march Gandhi s statue also inspired a 2008 artwork by Subodh Gupta Gandhi s Three Monkeys 16 The three monkeys are depicted in the trial scene in the 1968 film Planet of the Apes In an example of semiotics the judges mimic the see no evil hear no evil speak no evil monkeys 17 In a spoof of this saying Bob Dole quipped about a meeting of former US Presidents Carter Ford and Nixon see no evil hear no evil and evil 18 The maxim inspired an award winning 2008 Turkish film by director Nuri Bilge Ceylan called Three Monkeys Uc Maymun Three Wise Monkeys In Disneyland s Bengal Barbecue A depiction of the Three Wise Monkeys can be seen carved into a faux tree behind the service counter at Bengal Barbecue in Disneyland s Adventureland across from Indiana Jones Adventure 19 In the Walt Disney Animation Studios film Encanto 2021 the gifts that each trio of siblings are given have the same theme from popular tropes See Hear and Speak are used with Dolores who has the gift of super hearing Camilo who has the gift of shapeshifting making it so he can change how you see him and Antionio who has the gift of speaking to animals 20 Unicode characters EditUnicode provides emoji representations of the monkeys in the Emoticons block as follows 21 Mizaru U 1F648 SEE NO EVIL MONKEY Kikazaru U 1F649 HEAR NO EVIL MONKEY Iwazaru U 1F64A SPEAK NO EVIL MONKEYSee also Edit Japan portal Society portal Animals portalBuddhist Noble Eightfold Path Right speech and right action Humata Hukhta Hvarshta good thoughts good words good deeds in Zoroastrianism Lashon hara prohibition of gossip in Judaism Manasa vacha karmana three Sanskrit words referring to mind speech and actions Plausible deniability being able to convincingly claim ignorance of something incriminating Trikaya a formulation in Buddhism referring to body speech and mind Willful blindness knowingly refraining from pursuing available information or knowingly sheltering oneself from informationNotes Edit Wolfgang Mieder 1981 The Proverbial Three Wise Monkeys Midwestern Journal of Language and Folklore 7 5 38 Oldest reference to the correct monkey names in English Source Japan Society of London 1893 Transactions and proceedings of the Japan Society London Volume 1 Kegan Paul Trench Trubner and Co p 98 Lafcadio Hearn 1894 Glimpses of unfamiliar Japan volume 2 p 127 a b Pornpimol Kanchanalak 21 April 2011 Searching for the fourth monkey in a corrupted world The Nation Thailand Archived from the original on 28 August 2015 Retrieved 19 June 2017 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint bot original URL status unknown link Mikazaru Google Search www google com Oldest reference of the incorrect Mazaru in Google Books Source Anderson Isabel 1920 The spell of Japan Page p 379 Worth Fred L 1974 The Trivia Encyclopedia Brooke House p 262 ISBN 978 0 912588 12 4 Shipley Joseph Twadell 2001 The Origins of English Words A Discursive Dictionary of Indo European Roots Johns Hopkins University Press p 249 ISBN 978 0 8018 6784 2 Original text 論語 in Chinese Analects in English Original text in Sibu Congkan Vol 312 pages 32 33 of 156 Xun Kuang 2014 Xunzi The Complete Text Translated by Eric L Hutton Princeton Princeton University Press p 8 Joly Henri L 1908 Legend in Japanese Art London New York J Lane p 10 Retrieved 13 December 2011 Tom Oleson 29 October 2011 How about monkey see monkey DON T do next time Winnipeg Free Press Retrieved 25 July 2012 Osho Chandra Mohan Jain I Celebrate Myself God Is No Where Life Is Now Here PDF Osho on zen I celebrate myself God is no where Life is now here Chapter 1 The grand Rebellion Question 1 QMA unveils Gandhi s Three Monkeys at Katara Qatar Tribune 28 May 2012 Archived from the original on 6 June 2012 Retrieved 21 June 2012 Planet of the Apes 1968 Retrieved 4 April 2018 via www imdb com Liberties Let Dole Be Dole New York Times 7 March 1996 Retrieved 9 March 2019 Shaffer Joshua C July 17 2017 Discovering the Magic Kingdom An Unofficial Disneyland Vacation Guide Second Edition Synergy Book Publishing p 454 ISBN 978 0 9991664 0 6 Shaffer Joshua 13 February 2022 Character Themes in Disney s Encanto Discovering The Magic Kingdom Retrieved 13 February 2022 Unicode 6 0 0 characters in Emoticons block SEE NO EVIL MONKEY HEAR NO EVIL MONKEY and SPEAK NO EVIL MONKEY References EditTitelman Gregory Y 2000 Random House Dictionary of America s Popular Proverbs and Sayings second ed New York Random House ISBN 978 0 375 70584 7 Archer Taylor Audi Vidi Tace and the three monkeys A W Smith Folklore Vol 104 No pp 144 150 On the Ambiguity of the Three Wise Monkeys External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to See no evil hear no evil speak no evil Wikiquote has quotations related to Evil speaking Wikiquote has quotations related to List of proverbs Collector s picture gallery Information compiled by collectors Monkey saru Kōshin on onmarkproductions com More Information compiled by Collectors Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Three wise monkeys amp oldid 1142349474, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.