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Svetozar Boroević

January 01, 1970

Svetozar Boroević von Bojna (or Borojević) (13 December 1856 – 23 May 1920) was an Austro-Hungarian field marshal of Croatian Serb descent who was described as one of the finest defensive strategists of the First World War. He commanded Austro-Hungarian forces in the Isonzo front, for which he was nicknamed the "Lion of Isonzo".

K.u.k. Feldmarschall

Svetozar Boroević von Bojna
Borojević c. 1913
Nickname(s)Lion of Isonzo[1]
Born(1856-12-13)13 December 1856
Umetić, Croatian Military Frontier, Austrian Empire
(now Croatia)
Died23 May 1920(1920-05-23) (aged 63)
Klagenfurt, Austria
Allegiance Austria-Hungary
Service/branchAustro-Hungarian Army
Years of service1872–1918
RankField Marshal
Battles/wars
See battles

World War I

AwardsMilitary Merit Cross,
Cross of the Order Star of Romania,
Persian Order of the Sun and the Lion,
Order of the Iron Crown (Austria),
Knights' Cross of the Order of Leopold,
Military Order of Maria Theresa

For his service during the First World War, Boroević rose to the rank of Feldmarschall before the end of the war in 1918, becoming the first and only Austro-Hungarian field marshal of South Slavic descent.

Life edit

Early life edit

Boroević was born on 13 December 1856 in the village of Umetić, Croatian Military Frontier.[2][3] He was baptized in the Eastern Orthodox Church, most likely in the parish church in Mečenčani, where his father served.[4][5] Some sources state that Boroević was an ethnic Serb or of Serb origin.[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Other sources regard him as an ethnic Croat or of Croat origin.[4][5][12][14][15][16][17][18][19] Boroević himself stated that he was a Croat and that Croatia was his homeland.[5][20][21]

Military career edit

Early career edit

Boroević joined cadet school at the age of ten.[22][page needed] After finishing grade school he moved to Kamenica and later Graz where he studied in military academies.[2] He attended the Liebenau cadet school in 1875.[2][23] After graduating from Military School he served as a Junior Officer in the army.[22][page needed] He advanced quickly through the ranks. He was a corporal in 1872, and later on May 1, 1875, he became a lieutenant.[2] He would also fight battles in Bosnia in 1878.[22][page needed] He was awarded for his service in the capture of Sarajevo. Svetozar would eventually become a commander in the Croatian Home Guard. Before the First World War, he commanded the 42. Home Guard Infantry Division of the Croatian Home Guard.[24] In 1903 he was formally released from the Home Guard, already having been assigned to the Imperial & Royal Army in 1898. During war, the defensive troops were part of the Armed Forces commanded by the Supreme Army Command and could be used at the front. He distinguished himself in the Austro-Hungarian occupation of Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1878.[2] Because of his service, he was awarded Military Merit Cross.[2] Afterwards, he was promoted to the rank of Oberleutnant in 1880. From 1881 to 1883 he studied at the military academy in Vienna.[2] Between 1887 and 1891 he underwent additional military training and worked as an instructor after that, and he would begin his teaching at the Theresian Military Academy. He would finish teaching there in 1891.[2] Svetozar became a major in May 1892.[2] In May 1895, he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonel.[2] He would take control over a battalion of the 17th Infantry Regiment during the month of April in 1896.[2] In November 1897 he was promoted to Colonel.[2] Later he was appointed to chief of staff of the Seventh Corps of the Imperial & Royal Army in June 1898, where he remained until February 1904.[2] In 1904, he was promoted Major General and took control of the 14th Infantry Brigade.[2] In May 1905, he was created a Hungarian nobleman (since Croatia was one of the Lands of the Holy Hungarian Crown) with the attribute von Bojna by the Emperor & King.[2] From 1907 to 1912 he commanded to VII Landwehr Division.[2] On May 1, 1908, the monarch made him Field Marshal Lieutenant (Feldmarschallleutnant).[2] In September 1909 he was put in charge of the VI Corps in Kassa.[2][12][25] He became the commander of the Sixth Corps of the I & R Army in April 1912 and on May 1, 1913, General of the Infantry.[2]

World War I edit

Early War edit

When World War I started in 1914 he was in command of the Sixth Corps on Galicia in the Eastern Front.[2] He would distinguish himself at these battles.[22][page needed] On September 1, 1914, he became commander of the Third Army.[25][26] He would fight at the Battle of Komarów.[2] Later, in early October he liberated Fort Przemysl, providing a temporary relief in the Siege of Przemyśl.[2] His troops then pulled back to hold positions around Limanowa, at the Dukla mountain pass, and elsewhere on the Carpathians, stopping the Russians from breaking out on the Danube. The Russian counter-offensive in February and March 1915 almost managed to push Boroević's Third Army back towards Hungary, but they managed to hold just enough for the German reinforcements to arrive and save the already endangered Budapest and the Pressburg bridgehead. They then proceeded to join the general Austro-Hungarian—German offensive (with the Austro-Hungarian Fourth Army under Archduke Joseph Ferdinand and the German Eleventh Army under Mackensen) that pushed back the Russians and eventually retook Przemysl.

 
Boroević as a general of the infantry in 1915
Isonzo Front edit

His actions on other sections of the war appealed to Emperor Francis Joseph and on May 25, 1915, he was given command on the Isonzo front.[26] He arrived on May 27 with part of the Third Army with him and leaving the rest to Army Group Mackensen.[22][page needed] There Boroević became the Commander of the Fifth Army, with which he organized a defense against the Italians to break countless offensives.[2][22][page needed][27] He finished building defenses and managing the logistics of his army by the end of May.[22][page needed] While there, Boroević's troops contained eleven Italian attacks and he was hailed as the Knight of Isonzo in Austria-Hungary, while his soldiers adored him and called him Naš Sveto! ("Our Sveto!"). For valor in combat, he was promoted to the rank of Generaloberst on 1 May 1916. On 23 August 1917 he rose to the position of commander of the Southwestern Front, which was later renamed Army Group Boroević. He would later fight at the Battle of Caporetto.[2][22][page needed] In January 1918, he opposed Hungarian proposals to split Austria-Hungary's Army into separate Austrian and Hungarian units.[2][28] He became Field Marshal on 1 February 1918 and was also awarded numerous medals, including the highest order for Austro-Hungarian soldiers, the Military Order of Maria Theresia.[2] He led to defeat the southern prong of the last Austro-Hungarian offensive at the Battle of the Piave River.[29] The front was maintained until end of October 1918, when the Italian army launched the decisive offensive of Vittorio Veneto and non-Austrian troops left their positions following the secessions of their nations from the dual monarchy (Czechs and Slovaks on 28 October, South Slavs on 29 October, Hungary on 31 October). After that Boroević fell back to Velden, where he sent a telegram to the Emperor offering to march on Vienna to fight the anti-Habsburg revolution in the imperial capital. It is not certain whether the Emperor has been given this message (Boroević doubted it); the offer was refused on behalf of the Emperor. After the Imperial & Royal Army had been demobilized by the Emperor on 6 November, Boroević was retired, by the I & R War Ministry in liquidation, by 1 December 1918.

After the war edit

 
Tomb of Boroević at the Zentralfriedhof in Vienna, Austria

After the demise and disintegration of Austria-Hungary, Boroević decided to become a citizen of the newly created Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. He was not welcome despite offering his services to the National Council of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs.[30] So he stayed in Carinthia, now Austria's southernmost state; his personal belongings, which were on transport in Slovenia, the former Austrian crownland of Carniola, were confiscated there. Boroević could not understand the mean treatment he had to experience, "the only field marshal the Southern Slavs had ever produced", as he wrote in his memoirs.

Boroević died in a hospital at Klagenfurt, the capital city of Carinthia. His body was transferred to Vienna where he was entombed at the Central Cemetery (Grave no. 62 in the New Arcades to the right of the Church of St. Charles Borromeo). The grave had been paid for by the former emperor Charles, who lived in Switzerland then. He could not take part in the funeral, since he had been banished from Austria for his lifetime by the Habsburg Law since 3 April 1919.

Family edit

His father Adam Boroević was a Grenzer (border guard) officer, his mother was Stana (née Kovarbašić von Zborište).[12][23][22][page needed][31] His father took part in wars in Italy, Hungary and Austro-Hungarian campaign in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1878. He was awarded the silver medal for bravery.[32] As an old man, Boroević's father had built a Serbian Orthodox church as his endowment in Mečenčani, which was consecrated in 1877.[33] Boroević had a brother, Nikola, a colonel who also received Austrian noble status in 1917.[34] In 1889, he married Leontina von Rosner, a daughter of a late Austrian colonel, Friedrich Ritter von Rosner. The couple had one son, Friedrich Borojević von Bojna, named after his mother's father. The son died in 1918.

Honors edit

Honorary degree edit

In 1916, with the approval of the Emperor Franz Joseph I, on the proposal of the Faculty of Law and the Senate of the University of Zagreb, Svetozar Borojević and Archduke Eugen were awarded the university's highest honorary degree, Doctor Honoris Causa in the field of social sciences, for their victory over the enemy and especially for the protection of hereditary grudge, and rights and cultural progress of Croats ("Ob eximia in limitibus imperii strenue defendendis ac imprimis in Croatum paterno solo iuribus atque litterarum et artium progressu tuendis merita"). The award ceremonies were held on 30 January 1916 (for Archduke Eugen) and 1 February 1916 (for Svetozar Borojević) at the Fifth Army's military apartment, 305 Military Field Post on the Italian front. Delegation for the award was made of Josip Šilović; Milorad Stražnicki, dean of the Faculty of Law; Fran Barac, rector; Robert Frangeš-Mihanović, sculptor; and Andrija Kišur, clerk.[35][36]

Honorary citizenship edit

Croatia
Slovenia

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Hirschfeld, Gerhard (2003). Enzyklopädie Erster Weltkrieg (Encyclopedia of the First World War). Verlag Ferdinand Schöningh. p. 390. ISBN 3-506-73913-1.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z Tucker, Spencer (2015). 500 Great Military Leaders. ABC-CLIO. pp. 92–93. ISBN 978-1-59884-757-4.
  3. ^ Tucker, Spencer (2019). World War 1: A Country by Country Guide. United States of America: ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-4408-6368-4.
  4. ^ a b Rauchensteiner, Manfried (2014). The First World War and the end of the Habsburg monarchy, 1914-1918 (Revised and expanded ed.). V&r Academic. p. 406. ISBN 978-3205795889.
  5. ^ a b c Pojić 2006, p. 4.
  6. ^ Matica Srpska 1975: "Био је зван на ручак приликом посете познатог аустријског војсковође, пореклом Србина, Светозара Боројевића."
  7. ^ Horvat 1989, p. 344

    Svetozar Borojević de Bojna, Srbin s Banije (selo Borojevići kraj Mečenčana, odnosno Kostajnice)
  8. ^ Hrvatski biografski leksikon. Vol. 2. 1989. pp. 168–169. [described as "of Serb Grenzer family descent"]
  9. ^ Schindler 2001, p. 46

    son of a Serbian Grenzer family from Croatia.
  10. ^ Palmer 1970

    regiments on this front; and one of the most successful Habsburg commanders was in fact a Serb from the old 'Military Frontier' region, Marshal Svetozar Boroevic, whose family had fought for the emperors through many generations.
  11. ^ Kloot, William G. Van der (2010). World War I Fact Book: The Great War in Graphs and Numbers. Amberley. ISBN 978-1-84868-447-8.
  12. ^ a b c d Schindler, John R. (December 2015). Fall of the Double Eagle: The Battle for Galicia and the Demise of Austria-Hungary. U of Nebraska Press. ISBN 978-1-61234-806-3.
  13. ^ Bradford, James C. (December 2004). International Encyclopedia of Military History. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-95034-7.
  14. ^ Keegan & Wheatcroft 1976, p. 48: "A Croat (the Croats prided themselves on their particular loyalty to the emperor)."
  15. ^ Miller, Paul; Morelon, Claire (2018). Embers of Empire: Continuity and Rupture in the Habsburg Successor States after 1918. Berghahn Books. p. 123. ISBN 9781789200232.
  16. ^ Morselli, Mario (May 13, 2013). Caporetto 1917: Victory or Defeat?. Routledge. p. 41.
  17. ^ Palmer 2000, p. 185.
  18. ^ Tucker 1996, p. 762.
  19. ^ Burg 2004, p. 67.
  20. ^ Tado Oršolić, Jugozapadno talijansko bojište i maršal Borojević u dalmatinskim novinama Narodni list i Smotra Dalmatinska (1915.-1918.), p. 95. and footnote 22 on p. 95., u: Feldmaršal Svetozar barun Borojević od Bojne (1856.-1920.). Zbornik radova, Hrvatski institut za povijest, Zagreb, 2011., (editor Marino Manin), ISBN 978-953-7840-03-7
  21. ^ Pojić 2006, pp. 9–10.
  22. ^ a b c d e f g h i Schindler 2001.
  23. ^ a b Dupuy 1992, p. 94: "the son of a Grenzer (border guard) officer; attended the Liebenau cadet school (1875),"
  24. ^ Schindler 2001, p. 46.
  25. ^ a b Sandhaus, Lawrence (2000). Franz Conrad Von Hötzendorf: Architect of the Apocalypse. Boston: Humanities Press. ISBN 0-391-04097-9.
  26. ^ a b L.DiNardo, Richard (2010). Breakthrough. Greenwood Publishing Group.
  27. ^ Rothenberg, Gunther (1998). The Army of Francis Joseph. West Lafayette, Indiana: Purdue University Press. p. 189. ISBN 1-55753-145-5.
  28. ^ Tucker 2006, p. 355.
  29. ^ Raab, David "Battle of the Piave: Death of the Austro-Hungarian Army, 1918" (2004) pag. 77
  30. ^ Hrvatski biografski leksikon, volume 2, 1989, pp. 168-169
  31. ^ Mirnik 2009, p. 1.
  32. ^ Roksandić, Drago (2007). Svetozar Borojević od Bojne (1856-1920) Lav ili lisica sa Soče?. Zagreb: Vijeće srpske nacionalne manjine grada Zagreba. p. 19.
  33. ^ Roksandić, Drago (2007). Svetozar Borojević od Bojne (1856-1920) Lav ili lisica sa Soče?. Zagreb: Vijeće srpske nacionalne manjine grada Zagreba. p. 20.
  34. ^ Mirnik 2009, p. 62: "a car i kralj Karlo I austrijsko plemstvo njegovu bratu, pukovniku Nikoli dana 16.III. (3.V.) 1917. god."
  35. ^ Ivan Mirnik, Dvostruki počasni doktorat Zagrebačkoga sveučilišta 1916. godine, Društvo za povjesnicu Zagrebačke nadbiskupije "Tkalčić", Zagreb, 2012., ISBN 978-953-6729-37-1, p. 16.
  36. ^ Honorary Doctors of the University of Zagreb 1913–2013
  37. ^ (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 14 December 2017.
  38. ^ a b c Tado Oršolić, Jugozapadno talijansko bojište i maršal Borojević u dalmatinskim novinama Narodni list i Smotra Dalmatinska (1915.-1918.), p. 98., u: Feldmaršal Svetozar barun Borojević od Bojne (1856.-1920.). Zbornik radova, Hrvatski institut za povijest, Zagreb, (editor Marino Manin), ISBN 978-953-7840-03-7
  39. ^ "Grad Zagreb službene stranice". www.zagreb.hr.
  40. ^ Ivan Mirnik, Dvostruki počasni doktorat Zagrebačkoga sveučilišta 1916. godine, Društvo za povjesnicu Zagrebačke nadbiskupije "Tkalčić", Zagreb, 2012., ISBN 978-953-6729-37-1, p. 32.
  41. ^ a b Badalič, Matej. . www.osek-vitovlje.si. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2017-12-14.

Sources edit

External links edit

 
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  • Austro-Hungarian Field Marshals 1848-1918 -Svetozar Boroević von Bojna

January 01, 1970
svetozar, boroević, bojna, borojević, december, 1856, 1920, austro, hungarian, field, marshal, croatian, serb, descent, described, finest, defensive, strategists, first, world, commanded, austro, hungarian, forces, isonzo, front, which, nicknamed, lion, isonzo. Svetozar Boroevic von Bojna or Borojevic 13 December 1856 23 May 1920 was an Austro Hungarian field marshal of Croatian Serb descent who was described as one of the finest defensive strategists of the First World War He commanded Austro Hungarian forces in the Isonzo front for which he was nicknamed the Lion of Isonzo K u k FeldmarschallSvetozar Boroevic von BojnaBorojevic c 1913Nickname s Lion of Isonzo 1 Born 1856 12 13 13 December 1856Umetic Croatian Military Frontier Austrian Empire now Croatia Died23 May 1920 1920 05 23 aged 63 Klagenfurt AustriaAllegiance Austria HungaryService wbr branchAustro Hungarian ArmyYears of service1872 1918RankField MarshalBattles warsSee battlesWorld War I Eastern Front 1914 1915 Battle of Limanowa Siege of Przemysl Gorlice Tarnow Offensive Italian Campaign 1915 1918 Battles of the Isonzo 1915 1917 First Battle 1915 Second Battle 1915 Third Battle 1915 Fourth Battle 1915 Fifth Battle 1916 Sixth Battle 1916 Seventh Battle 1916 Eighth Battle 1916 Ninth Battle 1916 Tenth Battle 1917 Eleventh Battle 1917 Battle of Caporetto 1917 Second Battle of the Piave River 1918 Battle of Vittorio Veneto 1918 AwardsMilitary Merit Cross Cross of the Order Star of Romania Persian Order of the Sun and the Lion Order of the Iron Crown Austria Knights Cross of the Order of Leopold Military Order of Maria Theresa For his service during the First World War Boroevic rose to the rank of Feldmarschall before the end of the war in 1918 becoming the first and only Austro Hungarian field marshal of South Slavic descent Contents 1 Life 1 1 Early life 1 2 Military career 1 2 1 Early career 1 2 2 World War I 1 2 2 1 Early War 1 2 2 2 Isonzo Front 1 3 After the war 2 Family 3 Honors 3 1 Honorary degree 3 2 Honorary citizenship 4 See also 5 References 5 1 Sources 6 External linksLife editEarly life edit Boroevic was born on 13 December 1856 in the village of Umetic Croatian Military Frontier 2 3 He was baptized in the Eastern Orthodox Church most likely in the parish church in Mecencani where his father served 4 5 Some sources state that Boroevic was an ethnic Serb or of Serb origin 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Other sources regard him as an ethnic Croat or of Croat origin 4 5 12 14 15 16 17 18 19 Boroevic himself stated that he was a Croat and that Croatia was his homeland 5 20 21 Military career edit Early career edit Boroevic joined cadet school at the age of ten 22 page needed After finishing grade school he moved to Kamenica and later Graz where he studied in military academies 2 He attended the Liebenau cadet school in 1875 2 23 After graduating from Military School he served as a Junior Officer in the army 22 page needed He advanced quickly through the ranks He was a corporal in 1872 and later on May 1 1875 he became a lieutenant 2 He would also fight battles in Bosnia in 1878 22 page needed He was awarded for his service in the capture of Sarajevo Svetozar would eventually become a commander in the Croatian Home Guard Before the First World War he commanded the 42 Home Guard Infantry Division of the Croatian Home Guard 24 In 1903 he was formally released from the Home Guard already having been assigned to the Imperial amp Royal Army in 1898 During war the defensive troops were part of the Armed Forces commanded by the Supreme Army Command and could be used at the front He distinguished himself in the Austro Hungarian occupation of Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1878 2 Because of his service he was awarded Military Merit Cross 2 Afterwards he was promoted to the rank of Oberleutnant in 1880 From 1881 to 1883 he studied at the military academy in Vienna 2 Between 1887 and 1891 he underwent additional military training and worked as an instructor after that and he would begin his teaching at the Theresian Military Academy He would finish teaching there in 1891 2 Svetozar became a major in May 1892 2 In May 1895 he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonel 2 He would take control over a battalion of the 17th Infantry Regiment during the month of April in 1896 2 In November 1897 he was promoted to Colonel 2 Later he was appointed to chief of staff of the Seventh Corps of the Imperial amp Royal Army in June 1898 where he remained until February 1904 2 In 1904 he was promoted Major General and took control of the 14th Infantry Brigade 2 In May 1905 he was created a Hungarian nobleman since Croatia was one of the Lands of the Holy Hungarian Crown with the attribute von Bojna by the Emperor amp King 2 From 1907 to 1912 he commanded to VII Landwehr Division 2 On May 1 1908 the monarch made him Field Marshal Lieutenant Feldmarschallleutnant 2 In September 1909 he was put in charge of the VI Corps in Kassa 2 12 25 He became the commander of the Sixth Corps of the I amp R Army in April 1912 and on May 1 1913 General of the Infantry 2 World War I edit Early War edit When World War I started in 1914 he was in command of the Sixth Corps on Galicia in the Eastern Front 2 He would distinguish himself at these battles 22 page needed On September 1 1914 he became commander of the Third Army 25 26 He would fight at the Battle of Komarow 2 Later in early October he liberated Fort Przemysl providing a temporary relief in the Siege of Przemysl 2 His troops then pulled back to hold positions around Limanowa at the Dukla mountain pass and elsewhere on the Carpathians stopping the Russians from breaking out on the Danube The Russian counter offensive in February and March 1915 almost managed to push Boroevic s Third Army back towards Hungary but they managed to hold just enough for the German reinforcements to arrive and save the already endangered Budapest and the Pressburg bridgehead They then proceeded to join the general Austro Hungarian German offensive with the Austro Hungarian Fourth Army under Archduke Joseph Ferdinand and the German Eleventh Army under Mackensen that pushed back the Russians and eventually retook Przemysl nbsp Boroevic as a general of the infantry in 1915 Isonzo Front edit His actions on other sections of the war appealed to Emperor Francis Joseph and on May 25 1915 he was given command on the Isonzo front 26 He arrived on May 27 with part of the Third Army with him and leaving the rest to Army Group Mackensen 22 page needed There Boroevic became the Commander of the Fifth Army with which he organized a defense against the Italians to break countless offensives 2 22 page needed 27 He finished building defenses and managing the logistics of his army by the end of May 22 page needed While there Boroevic s troops contained eleven Italian attacks and he was hailed as the Knight of Isonzo in Austria Hungary while his soldiers adored him and called him Nas Sveto Our Sveto For valor in combat he was promoted to the rank of Generaloberst on 1 May 1916 On 23 August 1917 he rose to the position of commander of the Southwestern Front which was later renamed Army Group Boroevic He would later fight at the Battle of Caporetto 2 22 page needed In January 1918 he opposed Hungarian proposals to split Austria Hungary s Army into separate Austrian and Hungarian units 2 28 He became Field Marshal on 1 February 1918 and was also awarded numerous medals including the highest order for Austro Hungarian soldiers the Military Order of Maria Theresia 2 He led to defeat the southern prong of the last Austro Hungarian offensive at the Battle of the Piave River 29 The front was maintained until end of October 1918 when the Italian army launched the decisive offensive of Vittorio Veneto and non Austrian troops left their positions following the secessions of their nations from the dual monarchy Czechs and Slovaks on 28 October South Slavs on 29 October Hungary on 31 October After that Boroevic fell back to Velden where he sent a telegram to the Emperor offering to march on Vienna to fight the anti Habsburg revolution in the imperial capital It is not certain whether the Emperor has been given this message Boroevic doubted it the offer was refused on behalf of the Emperor After the Imperial amp Royal Army had been demobilized by the Emperor on 6 November Boroevic was retired by the I amp R War Ministry in liquidation by 1 December 1918 After the war edit nbsp Tomb of Boroevic at the Zentralfriedhof in Vienna Austria After the demise and disintegration of Austria Hungary Boroevic decided to become a citizen of the newly created Kingdom of Serbs Croats and Slovenes He was not welcome despite offering his services to the National Council of Slovenes Croats and Serbs 30 So he stayed in Carinthia now Austria s southernmost state his personal belongings which were on transport in Slovenia the former Austrian crownland of Carniola were confiscated there Boroevic could not understand the mean treatment he had to experience the only field marshal the Southern Slavs had ever produced as he wrote in his memoirs Boroevic died in a hospital at Klagenfurt the capital city of Carinthia His body was transferred to Vienna where he was entombed at the Central Cemetery Grave no 62 in the New Arcades to the right of the Church of St Charles Borromeo The grave had been paid for by the former emperor Charles who lived in Switzerland then He could not take part in the funeral since he had been banished from Austria for his lifetime by the Habsburg Law since 3 April 1919 Family editHis father Adam Boroevic was a Grenzer border guard officer his mother was Stana nee Kovarbasic von Zboriste 12 23 22 page needed 31 His father took part in wars in Italy Hungary and Austro Hungarian campaign in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1878 He was awarded the silver medal for bravery 32 As an old man Boroevic s father had built a Serbian Orthodox church as his endowment in Mecencani which was consecrated in 1877 33 Boroevic had a brother Nikola a colonel who also received Austrian noble status in 1917 34 In 1889 he married Leontina von Rosner a daughter of a late Austrian colonel Friedrich Ritter von Rosner The couple had one son Friedrich Borojevic von Bojna named after his mother s father The son died in 1918 Honors editHonorary degree edit In 1916 with the approval of the Emperor Franz Joseph I on the proposal of the Faculty of Law and the Senate of the University of Zagreb Svetozar Borojevic and Archduke Eugen were awarded the university s highest honorary degree Doctor Honoris Causa in the field of social sciences for their victory over the enemy and especially for the protection of hereditary grudge and rights and cultural progress of Croats Ob eximia in limitibus imperii strenue defendendis ac imprimis in Croatum paterno solo iuribus atque litterarum et artium progressu tuendis merita The award ceremonies were held on 30 January 1916 for Archduke Eugen and 1 February 1916 for Svetozar Borojevic at the Fifth Army s military apartment 305 Military Field Post on the Italian front Delegation for the award was made of Josip Silovic Milorad Straznicki dean of the Faculty of Law Fran Barac rector Robert Franges Mihanovic sculptor and Andrija Kisur clerk 35 36 Honorary citizenship edit Croatia Honorary citizen of Karlovac 1915 37 Honorary citizen of Sinj November 1915 Sinj Municipality Council determined that the most beautiful street in the city would bear his name 38 Honorary citizen of Pozega Slavonski Brod and Varazdin November 1915 38 Honorary citizen of Zagreb March 1916 39 Honorary citizen of Pazin 5 May 1916 On 13 August 1919 during the occupation of Istria by the Kingdom of Italy the City Assembly revoked his title Honorary citizen of Janjina municipality May 1917 38 Honorary citizen of Bakar Koprivnica Hrvatska Kostajnica and Petrinja 40 Slovenia Honorary citizen of Ljubljana August 1915 revoked in 1919 returned in 2009 41 Honorary citizen of Ajdovscina 1915 Rence and Goce 1916 Vitovlje 1916 Sempas Sezana 41 See also edit nbsp Croatia portal Royal Croatian Home Guard List of Military Order of Maria Theresa recipients of Croatian descent List of Austrian field marshalsReferences edit Hirschfeld Gerhard 2003 Enzyklopadie Erster Weltkrieg Encyclopedia of the First World War Verlag Ferdinand Schoningh p 390 ISBN 3 506 73913 1 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z Tucker Spencer 2015 500 Great Military Leaders ABC CLIO pp 92 93 ISBN 978 1 59884 757 4 Tucker Spencer 2019 World War 1 A Country by Country Guide United States of America ABC CLIO ISBN 978 1 4408 6368 4 a b Rauchensteiner Manfried 2014 The First World War and the end of the Habsburg monarchy 1914 1918 Revised and expanded ed V amp r Academic p 406 ISBN 978 3205795889 a b c Pojic 2006 p 4 Matica Srpska 1975 Bio јe zvan na ruchak prilikom posete poznatog austriјskog voјskovoђe poreklom Srbina Svetozara Boroјeviћa Horvat 1989 p 344 Svetozar Borojevic de Bojna Srbin s Banije selo Borojevici kraj Mecencana odnosno Kostajnice Hrvatski biografski leksikon Vol 2 1989 pp 168 169 described as of Serb Grenzer family descent Schindler 2001 p 46 son of a Serbian Grenzer family from Croatia Palmer 1970 regiments on this front and one of the most successful Habsburg commanders was in fact a Serb from the old Military Frontier region Marshal Svetozar Boroevic whose family had fought for the emperors through many generations Kloot William G Van der 2010 World War I Fact Book The Great War in Graphs and Numbers Amberley ISBN 978 1 84868 447 8 a b c d Schindler John R December 2015 Fall of the Double Eagle The Battle for Galicia and the Demise of Austria Hungary U of Nebraska Press ISBN 978 1 61234 806 3 Bradford James C December 2004 International Encyclopedia of Military History Routledge ISBN 978 1 135 95034 7 Keegan amp Wheatcroft 1976 p 48 A Croat the Croats prided themselves on their particular loyalty to the emperor Miller Paul Morelon Claire 2018 Embers of Empire Continuity and Rupture in the Habsburg Successor States after 1918 Berghahn Books p 123 ISBN 9781789200232 Morselli Mario May 13 2013 Caporetto 1917 Victory or Defeat Routledge p 41 Palmer 2000 p 185 Tucker 1996 p 762 Burg 2004 p 67 Tado Orsolic Jugozapadno talijansko bojiste i marsal Borojevic u dalmatinskim novinama Narodni list i Smotra Dalmatinska 1915 1918 p 95 and footnote 22 on p 95 u Feldmarsal Svetozar barun Borojevic od Bojne 1856 1920 Zbornik radova Hrvatski institut za povijest Zagreb 2011 editor Marino Manin ISBN 978 953 7840 03 7 Pojic 2006 pp 9 10 a b c d e f g h i Schindler 2001 a b Dupuy 1992 p 94 the son of a Grenzer border guard officer attended the Liebenau cadet school 1875 Schindler 2001 p 46 a b Sandhaus Lawrence 2000 Franz Conrad Von Hotzendorf Architect of the Apocalypse Boston Humanities Press ISBN 0 391 04097 9 a b L DiNardo Richard 2010 Breakthrough Greenwood Publishing Group Rothenberg Gunther 1998 The Army of Francis Joseph West Lafayette Indiana Purdue University Press p 189 ISBN 1 55753 145 5 Tucker 2006 p 355 Raab David Battle of the Piave Death of the Austro Hungarian Army 1918 2004 pag 77 Hrvatski biografski leksikon volume 2 1989 pp 168 169 Mirnik 2009 p 1 Roksandic Drago 2007 Svetozar Borojevic od Bojne 1856 1920 Lav ili lisica sa Soce Zagreb Vijece srpske nacionalne manjine grada Zagreba p 19 Roksandic Drago 2007 Svetozar Borojevic od Bojne 1856 1920 Lav ili lisica sa Soce Zagreb Vijece srpske nacionalne manjine grada Zagreba p 20 Mirnik 2009 p 62 a car i kralj Karlo I austrijsko plemstvo njegovu bratu pukovniku Nikoli dana 16 III 3 V 1917 god Ivan Mirnik Dvostruki pocasni doktorat Zagrebackoga sveucilista 1916 godine Drustvo za povjesnicu Zagrebacke nadbiskupije Tkalcic Zagreb 2012 ISBN 978 953 6729 37 1 p 16 Honorary Doctors of the University of Zagreb 1913 2013 historiografija hr Agneza Szabo Gradska uprava i privredni razvoj Karlovca 1884 1914 p 184 PDF Archived from the original PDF on 4 March 2016 Retrieved 14 December 2017 a b c Tado Orsolic Jugozapadno talijansko bojiste i marsal Borojevic u dalmatinskim novinama Narodni list i Smotra Dalmatinska 1915 1918 p 98 u Feldmarsal Svetozar barun Borojevic od Bojne 1856 1920 Zbornik radova Hrvatski institut za povijest Zagreb editor Marino Manin ISBN 978 953 7840 03 7 Grad Zagreb sluzbene stranice www zagreb hr Ivan Mirnik Dvostruki pocasni doktorat Zagrebackoga sveucilista 1916 godine Drustvo za povjesnicu Zagrebacke nadbiskupije Tkalcic Zagreb 2012 ISBN 978 953 6729 37 1 p 32 a b Badalic Matej Svetozar Boroevic von Bojna Krajevna skupnost Osek Vitovlje www osek vitovlje si Archived from the original on 2016 03 04 Retrieved 2017 12 14 Sources edit Burg David F Burg 2004 Almanac of World War I University Press of Kentucky p 67 ISBN 978 0 8131 9087 7 Dupuy Trevor N 1992 Harper Encyclopedia of Military Biography New York HarperCollins Publishers ISBN 978 0 7858 0437 6 Horvat Josip 1989 Politicka povijest Hrvatske Volume 1 in Croatian August Cesarec Keegan John Wheatcroft Andrew 1976 Who s who in military history from 1453 to the present day Morrow p 48 ISBN 978 0 688 02956 2 Mirnik Ivan 2009 Feldmarsal Svetozar barun Boroevic od Bojne na medaljama PDF Peristil in Croatian 52 1 61 74 Neiberg Michael S 2004 Warfare amp society in Europe 1898 to the present Routledge ISBN 978 0 415 32718 3 Palmer Alan 1970 The lands between a history of East Central Europe since the Congress of Vienna Macmillan Palmer Alan 2000 Victory 1918 Grove Press ISBN 978 0 8021 3787 6 Pojic Milan 2006 Cosic Stjepan ed Vojskovođa Svetozar Boroevic 1856 1920 PDF in Croatian Zagreb Croatian State Archives Retrieved 1 April 2019 Schindler John R 2001 Isonzo The Forgotten Sacrifice of the Great War Greenwood Publishing Group ISBN 978 0 275 97204 2 Tucker Spencer C 2006 World War I A Student Encyclopedia ABC CLIO ISBN 978 1 85109 879 8 Tucker Spencer C 1996 The European Powers in the First World War Taylor amp Francis ISBN 978 0 8153 0399 2 Surmin Đuro 1904 Hrvatski preporod Od godine 1836 1843 in Croatian Tisak Dionicke Tiskare Hrvatski biografski leksikon Croatian biographical lexicon in Croatian Vol 2 Miroslav Krleza Lexicographical Institute 1989 pp 168 169 ISBN 978 86 7053 015 7 Chisholm Hugh ed 1922 Boroevic von Bojna Svetozar Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 32 12th ed London amp New York The Encyclopaedia Britannica Company External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Svetozar Boroevic von Bojna Austro Hungarian Field Marshals 1848 1918 Svetozar Boroevic von Bojna Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Svetozar Boroevic amp oldid 1220285140, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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