Euonymus/juːˈɒnɪməs/ is a genus of flowering plants in the staff vine family, Celastraceae. Common names vary widely among different species and between different English-speaking countries, but include spindle (or spindle tree), burning-bush, strawberry-bush, wahoo, wintercreeper, or simply euonymus. It comprises about 130 species[2][3] of deciduous and evergreenshrubs, small trees and lianas. They are mostly native to East Asia, extending to the Himalayas,[4] and they are also distributed in Europe, Australasia, North America, and Madagascar. 50 species are endemic to China.[2]
The inconspicuous flowers occur in small groups, and can be green, yellow, pink or maroon in color depending on species.[4] The leaves are opposite (rarely alternate) and simple ovoid, typically 2–15 cm long, and usually with a finely serrated margin. The fruit is a pink or white four- or five-valved pod-like berry, which splits open to reveal the fleshy-coated orange or red seeds.
The seeds are eaten by frugivorous birds, which digest the fleshy seed coat and disperse the seeds in their droppings. Many species are used for medicinal use, and parts of the plants can be poisonous to humans.[5]
Cultivation and uses
Mature spindle fruit (Euonymus sp.), split open to reveal the seeds
The wood of some species was traditionally used for the making of spindles for spinningwool;[6] this use is the origin of the British English name of the shrubs.
Euonymus are popular garden shrubs, grown for their foliage, the deciduous species often exhibiting very bright red autumnal colours, and also for the decorative berries. However, Euonymus alatus (winged euonymus or burning-bush) is considered an invasive species in the woodlands of the northeastern United States.
^Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 5 October 2007. Archived from the original on 1 September 2009. Retrieved 2 October 2010.
^ abcdMa, J. (1998). New species of Asian Euonymus (Celastraceae). Harvard Papers in Botany 3(2) 231-37.
August 23, 2023
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For the mythical figure see Euonymus mythology For the ancient Greek settlement see Euonymeia Not to be confused with Euronymous Euonymus j uː ˈ ɒ n ɪ m e s is a genus of flowering plants in the staff vine family Celastraceae Common names vary widely among different species and between different English speaking countries but include spindle or spindle tree burning bush strawberry bush wahoo wintercreeper or simply euonymus It comprises about 130 species 2 3 of deciduous and evergreen shrubs small trees and lianas They are mostly native to East Asia extending to the Himalayas 4 and they are also distributed in Europe Australasia North America and Madagascar 50 species are endemic to China 2 EuonymusEuonymus europaeus foliage and fruitScientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade AngiospermsClade EudicotsClade RosidsOrder CelastralesFamily CelastraceaeGenus EuonymusL SpeciesSee textSynonymsKalonymus Beck Prokh Pragmotessara PierrePragmotropa PierreQuadripterygium TardieuSphaerodiscus Nakai 1 Contents 1 Description 2 Cultivation and uses 3 Diversity 4 ReferencesDescription EditThe inconspicuous flowers occur in small groups and can be green yellow pink or maroon in color depending on species 4 The leaves are opposite rarely alternate and simple ovoid typically 2 15 cm long and usually with a finely serrated margin The fruit is a pink or white four or five valved pod like berry which splits open to reveal the fleshy coated orange or red seeds The seeds are eaten by frugivorous birds which digest the fleshy seed coat and disperse the seeds in their droppings Many species are used for medicinal use and parts of the plants can be poisonous to humans 5 Cultivation and uses Edit Mature spindle fruit Euonymus sp split open to reveal the seedsThe wood of some species was traditionally used for the making of spindles for spinning wool 6 this use is the origin of the British English name of the shrubs Euonymus are popular garden shrubs grown for their foliage the deciduous species often exhibiting very bright red autumnal colours and also for the decorative berries However Euonymus alatus winged euonymus or burning bush is considered an invasive species in the woodlands of the northeastern United States Diversity Edit Euonymus fortunei in a nursery Wikimedia Commons has media related to Euonymus Species include 7 Euonymus acanthocarpus Euonymus acuminifolius 8 Euonymus alatus winged spindle burning bush Euonymus americanus strawberry bush Euonymus angulatus Euonymus assamicus Euonymus atropurpureus eastern burning bush eastern wahoo Euonymus bungeanus winterberry euonymus Euonymus castaneifolius 8 Euonymus cochinchinensis Euonymus carnosus Euonymus cornutus Euonymus dichotomus Euonymus dielsianus Euonymus echinatus Euonymus europaeus European spindle Euonymus fimbriatus fringed spindle tree Euonymus fortunei Fortune s spindle wintercreeper Euonymus frigidus Euonymus glandulosus Euonymus grandiflorus Euonymus hamiltonianus Hamilton s spindle Himalayan spindle Siebold s spindle 9 Euonymus indicus Euonymus japonicus Japanese spindle evergreen spindle Euonymus javanicus Euonymus kiautschovicus spreading euonymus Euonymus kwangtungensis Euonymus lanceifolia Euonymus latifolius broadleaf spindle Euonymus melananthus Euonymus mengtzeanus 3 Euonymus morrisonensis Euonymus myrianthus Euonymus nanoides Euonymus nanus dwarf spindle dwarf strawberry bush 10 Euonymus nitidus Euonymus obovatus running strawberry bush Euonymus occidentalis western burning bush Euonymus oxyphyllus Korean spindletree 11 Euonymus pallidifolius Euonymus paniculatus Euonymus pauciflorus Euonymus pendulus syn E lucidus Euonymus phellomanus Euonymus pittosporoides 12 Euonymus planipes dingle dangle tree Euonymus prismatomerioides 12 Euonymus pseudovagans 3 Euonymus sachalinensis Euonymus sanguineus Euonymus schensianus Euonymus semenovii Euonymus serratifolius Euonymus tenuiserrata 12 Euonymus thwaitesii Euonymus velutinus Euonymus verrucocarpa 12 Euonymus verrucosoides Euonymus verrucosus Euonymus walkeri Euonymus wui 3 References Edit Genus Euonymus L Germplasm Resources Information Network United States Department of Agriculture 5 October 2007 Archived from the original on 1 September 2009 Retrieved 2 October 2010 a b Euonymus Flora of China a b c d Du C et al 2013 Revision of three species of Euonymus Celastraceae from China Phytotaxa 109 1 45 53 a b Botanica The Illustrated A Z of over 10000 Garden Plants and How to Cultivate Them Konemann 2004 pg 358 ISBN 3 8331 1253 0 Plants for a Future Euonymus europaeus Clapham A R 1975 The Oxford Book of Trees Oxford Oxford University Press p 31 Euonymus Species List Germplasm Resources Information Network United States Department of Agriculture Retrieved 2013 07 04 a b Euonymus The Plant List Retrieved 16 May 2014 Siebold s spindle iNaturalist Dwarf strawberry bush iNaturalist English Names for Korean Native Plants PDF Pocheon Korea National Arboretum 2015 p 463 ISBN 978 89 97450 98 5 Archived from the original PDF on 25 May 2017 Retrieved 24 December 2016 via Korea Forest Service a b c d Ma J 1998 New species of Asian Euonymus Celastraceae Harvard Papers in Botany 3 2 231 37 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Euonymus amp oldid 1162543325, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
