Solanus Casey

Solanus Casey, OFM Cap (November 25, 1870 – July 31, 1957), born Bernard Francis Casey, was an American religious priest of the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin. He was known during his lifetime as a healer for his great faith and his abilities as a spiritual counselor, but especially for his great attention to the sick, for whom he celebrated special Masses. The friar was much sought-after and revered, especially in Detroit, where he resided. He was also a noted lover of the violin, a trait he shared with his eponym, Saint Francis Solanus.

Blessed Solanus Casey OFMCap
Born	(1870-11-25)November 25, 1870 Oak Grove, Wisconsin, U.S.^[1]
Died	July 31, 1957(1957-07-31) (aged 86) Detroit, Michigan, U.S.
Venerated in	Roman Catholic Church
Beatified	November 18, 2017, Detroit, Michigan by Angelo Amato
Major shrine	St. Bonaventure Monastery, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.
Feast	July 30

The cause for his sainthood, occasioned by the laity who so loved him, commenced a few years after his death; he was officially recognized as Servant of God in 1982, and he was declared venerable in 1995. After a miraculous healing attributed to him was approved by Pope Francis in 2017, he was beatified at Ford Field in Detroit on November 18, 2017.^[2][3]

Life

Childhood and studies

Bernard Francis Casey (nicknamed "Barney") was born on November 25, 1870, on a farm in the town of Oak Grove, Pierce County, Wisconsin, the sixth of sixteen children born to Irish immigrants Bernard James Casey and Ellen Elizabeth Murphy. He was baptized on December 18, 1870. ^[4]

He contracted diphtheria in 1878, permanently damaging his voice, leaving it wispy and slightly impaired; two of his siblings died from the disease that year. The family later moved to Hudson, Wisconsin.^[5] In 1878, he began school at Saint Mary's, but this was cut short in October 1882 when the family relocated again, to Burkhardt in Saint Croix County. In 1887, he left the farm for a series of jobs in his home state and nearby Minnesota, working as a lumberjack, a hospital orderly, a guard in the Minnesota state prison, and a street car operator in Superior. His time as a prison guard saw him befriend a couple of Jesse James' cohorts.^[6] At first, he desired married life, but the mother of a girl to whom he had proposed suddenly sent her off to a boarding school.

While working at his last job on the trolleys in Superior, Wisconsin, he witnessed a violent act that caused him to evaluate his life and future. Some reports say that he saw a drunken sailor standing over a bleeding woman with a knife in his hand. He then acted on a call to the priesthood.^[7] Due to his limited formal education, he enrolled at Saint Francis High School Seminary, the minor seminary of the Archdiocese of Milwaukee, in January 1891, hoping to become a diocesan priest.^[8] Classes there were taught in either German or Latin, neither of which he knew. In due course, he was advised that he should consider joining a religious order if he wanted to become a priest due to his academic limitations. He returned home before deciding to make his application.

While reflecting before a statue of the Blessed Virgin Mary, he heard her spiritual voice telling him to "go to Detroit".^[6] He then applied to the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin in that city. He was received into it on January 14, 1897. He was given the religious name of "Solanus" after Saint Francis Solanus; both men shared a love of the violin. He made his vows on July 21, 1898.^[7] He struggled through his studies but received ordination to the priesthood on July 24, 1904, from Archbishop Sebastian Messmer at Saint Francis of Assisi Church in Milwaukee. Because he had not performed well enough in his studies, he was ordained as a "simplex" priest.^[9][10] (Under the 1917 Code of Canon Law, a simplex priest could not preach at Mass or take confessions.)^[11] He celebrated his first Mass on July 31, 1904, in Appleton, with his family present.^[12]

Ministry

He served for two decades in a succession of friaries in New York. His first assignment was at Sacred Heart Friary in Yonkers. He was later transferred to New York City, where he first served at Saint John's Church next to Penn Station and later at Our Lady Queen of Angels in Harlem.^[13]

He was recognized as a healer and gifted spiritual counselor. In August 1924, he was transferred to the Saint Bonaventure convent in Detroit, where he worked until 1945. During this time, he mostly served as the simple porter (or receptionist and doorkeeper).^[5] Each Wednesday afternoon, he conducted well-attended services for the sick, and through these services, he became known for his great compassion and simple holiness. People considered him instrumental in cures and other blessings.^[14][8] He loved to kneel before the Eucharist in the quiet of the night.

During his time at St. Bonaventure's, Casey was involved in the formation of the Capuchin Soup Kitchen.^[15] The soup kitchen was founded in 1929 to provide food for Detroit's poor during the Great Depression. Casey is considered one of the founders of the soup kitchen, which is still in operation today.^[16]

As a violinist, he loved playing Irish songs for his fellow friars during recreation time but was not a gifted instrumentalist. He had a poor singing voice, attributed to having suffered from diphtheria as a child. This disease took the lives of two of his sisters. Often Solanus could be found playing his violin in the chapel for the tabernacle.^[5][6] He ate little. Until his late seventies, he joined the younger religious in games of tennis and volleyball.^[7]

Declining health and death

 

The friar's tomb from 1987 to 2017; it now has a plexiglass dome.

In 1946, in failing health and suffering from eczema over his entire body, he was transferred to the Capuchin novitiate of Saint Felix in Huntington, Indiana, where he lived until a 1956 hospitalization in Detroit.^[13][8] In 1957, he was rushed to the hospital for food poisoning; upon his release, friars noted that he was walking much more slowly and scratching his legs; it turned out that his skin was raw and infected, prompting a return to the hospital. The doctors diagnosed him with erysipelas or possibly psoriasis, which was beyond treatment, and they considered limb amputation, but the ulcers began to heal.

On July 2, 1957, he was readmitted to the hospital for the final time due to skin deterioration. He was given oxygen therapy. Casey's sister, Martha, came to visit him after being notified of the seriousness of his condition; the two prayed the rosary together.

He died from erysipelas at 11:00 am on July 31, 1957, at Saint John Hospital in Detroit, with only his nurse at his side. A commemorative plaque was placed outside the door of the room. His last words were reportedly: "I give my soul to Jesus Christ."^[17] An estimated 20,000 people filed past his coffin before his funeral and burial in the cemetery of his Detroit monastery.^[18] On July 8, 1987, his remains were exhumed and reinterred inside the chapel at Saint Bonaventure Monastery, which eventually became part of the Solanus Casey Center; his remains showed no signs of the skin disease that afflicted him at the end of his life. His remains were clothed in a new habit before reinterment in a steel casket at the north transept. A range of miraculous cures has been attributed to his intercession during his earthly life and death.^[14] although Rome has officially recognized only one.

 

Relic scapular containing a piece of brown cloth touched to the tomb of Fr. Solanus Casey

Exhumation

His remains were exhumed to collect first- and second-class relics on August 1, 2017. They were then placed in a new black casket and reinterred with a plexiglass dome to make the new casket visible.^[19]

Beatification

His beatification cause commenced in Detroit in 1976 with an investigation involving witness interrogatories and documentation compiling. The Congregation for the Causes of Saints validated this phase on November 7, 1986; around 1995, it received the Positio dossier from postulation officials. The theological advisors approved the dossier on April 7, 1995; the cardinal and bishop members of the congregation did so on June 20, 1995. On July 11, 1995, Pope John Paul II, in a private audience with congregation prefect Alberto Bovone, confirmed that Casey had lived a life of heroic virtue and titled him Venerable.^[20]

For a person to be beatified - unless they are a martyr - ordinarily, a miracle (normally, healing) must be approved following confirmation that science could not explain it. Numerous cases were investigated, including one considered by the congregation on April 3, 1998, which was later dismissed. The Archdiocese of Detroit investigated another purported miracle; its favorable report was completed and forwarded to Rome in 2015. This received congregation validation on October 12, 2015; approval by a panel of medical experts on September 22, 2016; and theological consulters' approval on January 19, 2017.^[21] The congregation approved the miracle on May 2, 2017, and Pope Francis did so two days later, meaning that the late friar would be beatified. On November 18, 2017, the beatification occurred at Ford Field in Detroit in front of an estimated crowd of 70,000.^[1] The Mass and beatification rite was led by Cardinal Angelo Amato, the prefect for the congregation. Casey now has the title "Blessed" and is one step closer to sainthood.^[22]

Casey's confirmed miracle involved curing Paula Medina Zarate's ichthyosis, a genetic skin condition.^[22] The miracle occurred at St. Bonaventure Monastery in Detroit in 2012.^[22]

The postulator for Casey's cause was his fellow Capuchin friar Carlo Calloni. The current vice-postulator is Edward Foley.^[23]

See also

• Franciscan
• Franciscan orders
• Gifts of healing
• Studies on intercessory prayer
• Conrad of Parzham

References

1. Niraj Warikoo and Hasan Dudar (November 19, 2017). "Thousands attend beatification of Father Solanus Casey, now 1 step from sainthood". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Retrieved November 19, 2017.
2. "Event to celebrate step toward sainthood for Detroit priest". Detroit Free Press. July 15, 2017. from the original on July 17, 2017. Retrieved July 31, 2020.
3. "Promulgation of Decrees of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints, 04.05.2017". press.vatican.va. May 4, 2017. Retrieved July 30, 2020.
4. "Wisconsin native closer to sainthood". WLUK. May 4, 2017. Retrieved July 31, 2020.
5. "Blessed Bernard Francis Casey". CatholicSaints.info. November 21, 2016. Retrieved February 20, 2017.
6. Kelly, Brian (June 19, 2009). "Venerable Solanus Casey, OFMCap". Catholicism.org. Retrieved February 20, 2017.
7. Risso, Paolo. "Venerable Solanus Casey" (in Italian). Santi e Beati. Retrieved February 20, 2017.
8. "Blessed Solanus Casey". Franciscan Media. Retrieved February 20, 2017.
9. Stechschulte, Mike (May 9, 2017). "Pope Francis announces Fr. Solanus Casey to be declared 'blessed'". The Michigan Catholic. Retrieved April 16, 2019.
10. "Fr. Solanus Casey". Find a Grave. March 8, 2003. from the original on June 15, 2020. Retrieved July 30, 2020.
11. "A simplex priest is restricted in certain areas of ministry", St. Louis Review, December 6, 2017
12. "Call to Priesthood | Father Solanus Guild". solanuscasey.org. Retrieved January 19, 2018.
13. Michael Crosby, ed., Solanus Casey: The Official Account of a Virtuous American Life. New York: Crossroad Classic, 2000. ISBN 978-0824518356
14. "Father Solanus Casey and His 'favors'". Catholic Education Resource Center. 2006. Retrieved February 20, 2017.
15. Bicknell, Catherine (1979). Breaking Bread and Mending Spirits: Detroit's Capuchin Soup Kitchen 1929-1979. Detroit: Fidelity Press. pp. 15–16.
16. "Friendship and food served up at Father Solanus's soup kitchen". Crux. November 19, 2017. Retrieved April 17, 2019.
17. "The Message | Father Solanus Guild". solanuscasey.org. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
18. "Father Solanus Casey". www.loyolapress.com. Retrieved April 24, 2018.
19. Mike Stechschulte (August 1, 2017). "Fr. Solanus' remains exhumed, relics collected ahead of beatification Mass". The Michigan Catholic. Retrieved August 5, 2017.
20. "The Path of a Miracle for Canonization | Father Solanus Guild". solanuscasey.org. Retrieved January 19, 2018.
21. "Francesco Solano Casey (1870–1957) (N. Prot. 1400)". Order of Friars Minor Capuchin. January 7, 2015. Retrieved February 20, 2017.
22. Patricia Montemurri (November 17, 2017). "Did Father Solanus Casey help cure a woman from Panamá?". USA Today. Retrieved December 11, 2017.
23. Daniel Meloy (April 25, 2019). "Capuchin Fr. Ed Foley named vice postulator for Blessed Solanus' canonization cause". Detroit Catholic. Archdiocese of Detroit.

Further reading

• Casey, Solanus; Casey, Bernadine (ed.). Letters from Solanus Casey OFM. Cap.: God Bless You and Yours. Detroit: Father Solanus Guild, 2000.
• Derum, James Patrick. The Porter of Saint Bonaventure's: The Life of Father Solanus Casey, Capuchin. Detroit: Fidelity Press, 1968.
• Odell, Catherine. Father Solanus: The Story of Father Solanus. Huntington, Ind.: Our Sunday Visitor Press, 1988.
• Della Balda, Gabriele. Una carezza di Dio. Vita del beato Solanus Casey, cappuccino statunitense. Roma, Istituto Storico dei Cappuccini 2019 (ITALIAN)

External links

 

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Solanus Casey.

• Solanus Casey Center
• Hagiography Circle
• Father Solanus Guild
• Solanus Casey at Find a Grave
• Solanus Casey at IMDb
• Film: The Healing Prophet: Solanus Casey
• "Father Solanus lives on in the people and places of our diocese", Frank Klein, The Catholic Times, September 20, 2007