The Zhansi Lun of the East Asian Mādhyamaka identifies two different individuals given the name "Shant inideva": their founder of the Avaivartika Sangha in the 6th century CE and a later Shantideva who studied at Nalanda in the 8th century CE and appears to be the source of the Tibetan biographies. Archaeological discoveries support this thesis.[2][3] Two Tibetan sources of the life of Shantideva are the historians Buton Rinchen Drub and Tāranātha. Recent scholarship has brought to light a short Sanskrit life of Shantideva in a 14th-century CE Nepalese manuscript.[4] An accessible account that follows the Butön closely can be found in Kunzang Pelden, The Nectar of Manjushri's speech.[5]
Shantideva was born in the Saurastra (in modern Gujarat), son of King Kalyanavarman, and he went by the name Śantivarman.[6]
According to Pema Chödrön, "Shantideva was not well liked at Nalanda."[7]
Apparently he was one of those people who didn't show up for anything, never studying or coming to practice sessions. His fellow monks said that his three "realizations" were eating, sleeping, and shitting.[7]
After being goaded into giving a talk to the entire university body, Shantideva delivered The Way of the Bodhisattva.[7]
Works
Śikṣāsamuccaya
The Śikṣāsamuccaya ("Training Anthology") is a prose work in nineteen chapters. It is organized as a commentary on twenty-seven short mnemonic verses known as the Śikṣāsamuccaya Kārikā. It consists primarily of quotations (of varying length) from sūtras, authoritative texts considered to be the word of the Buddha — generally those sūtras associated with Mahāyāna tradition, including the Samadhiraja Sutra.[8]
Bodhicaryavatara
Shantideva is particularly renowned as the author of the Bodhisattvacaryāvatāra. A variety of English translations exist, sometimes glossed as "A Guide to the Bodhisattva's Way of Life" or "Entering the Path of Enlightenment."[9] It is a long poem describing the process of enlightenment from the first thought to full buddhahood and is still studied by Mahayana and Vajrayana Buddhists today.
An introduction to and commentary on the Bodhisattvacaryāvatāra by the 14th Dalai Lama called A Flash of Lightning in the Dark of Night was printed in 1994. A commentary on the Patience chapter was provided by the Dalai Lama in Healing Anger (1997), and his commentaries on the Wisdom chapter can be found in Practicing Wisdom (2004). Kunzang Palden has written a commentary based on that given by Patrul Rinpoche, translated by the Padmakara Translation Group. Patrul Rinpoche was a wandering monk of great scholarship, who dedicated his life to the propagation of the Bodhisattvacaryāvatāra.[10]
Philosophical views
Personal identity and free will
Following the Buddha, Śāntideva understood that the self is an illusion. He also discusses the problem of free will in the Bodhicaryāvatāra, writing that "whatever transgressions (aparādha) and vile actions (pāpa) there are, all arise through the power of conditioning factors, while there is nothing that arises independently."[11]
Ethical views
In line with his views on personal identity and the nature of the self, Śāntideva wrote that one ought to "stop all the present and future pain and suffering of all sentient beings, and to bring about all present and future pleasure and happiness", in what may have been "the very earliest clearly articulated statement of that view, preceding Jeremy Bentham by approximately a thousand years".[11]
His basis for preferring altruism over egoism was that "the continuum of consciousness, like a queue, and the combination of constituents, like an army, are not real. The person who experiences suffering does not exist." Similarly, he asks, "when happiness is dear to me and others equally, what is so special about me that I strive after happiness only for myself?"[11]
Footnotes
^Donald S. Lopez Jr. (28 May 2019). Seeing the Sacred in Samsara: An Illustrated Guide to the Eighty-Four Mahasiddhas. Shambhala. p. 125. ISBN978-0-8348-4212-0.
^Rahsid, More Harunur (2012). "Deva Dynasty". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
^Bodhicaryāvatāra Historical Project 6 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine
^Pezzali, Amalia (1968), Śāntideva Mystjique buddhiste des VII et VIIIe siècles, Florence: Vallechi Edtore
^Shantideva (1997), The Way of the Bodhisattva, translated by the Padmakara Translation Group, Boston l: Shambala, ISBN1-57062-253-1
^Kunzang Pelden (2007), The Nectar of Manjushri's Speech. A Detailed Commentary on Shantideva's Way of the Bodhisattva, Shambala Publications, p. 17, ISBN978-1-59030-439-6
^Amod Lele, "Śāntideva", Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
^The Way of the Bodhisattva: A Translation of the Bodhicharyavatara. Translated by the Padmakara Translation Group. Shambhala Publications. 2003. ISBN1590300572.
^Kunzang Palden (2007), The Nectar of Manjushri's Speech. A Detailed Commentary on Shantideva's Way of the Bodhisattva, Shambala Publications, ISBN978-1-59030-439-6
^ abcGoodman, Charles (2016), "Śāntideva", in Zalta, Edward N. (ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2016 ed.), Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, retrieved 15 July 2022
References
Shantideva (1997), The Way of the Bodhisattva, translated by the Padmakara Translation Group, Boston: Shambala, ISBN1-57062-253-1
Shantideva (2002), Guide to the Bodhisattva's way of life : how to enjoy a life of great meaning and altruism, translation from Tibetan into English by Neil Elliot, Ulverston (UK); Glen Spey, N.Y.: Tharpa, ISBN978-0-948006-89-0
Pema Chödrön (2005), No Time to Lose: A Timely Guide to the Way of the Bodhisattva, commentary on Shantideva's Guide to the Bodhisattva's Way of Life, Boston: Shambhala, ISBN1-59030-135-8
Tenzin Gyatso (14th Dalai Lama) (1994), A Flash of Lightning in the Dark of Night: A Guide to the Bodhisattva's Way of Life, Commentary on Shantideva's Guide to the Bodhisattva's Way of Life, Boston: Shambhala, ISBN0-87773-971-4
K. Crosby; A. Skilton (1996), The Bodhicaryāvatāra, Oxford: Oxford University Press, ISBN0-19-282979-3
S. Batchelor (1979), A Guide to the Bodhisattva's Way of Life, Dharamsala: Library of Tibetan Works and Archives
Kunzang Pelden (2007), The Nectar of Manjushri's Speech. A Detailed Commentary on Shantideva's Way of the Bodhisattva, Shambala Publications, ISBN978-1-59030-439-6
Śāntideva, Cecil Bendall and W. H. D. Rouse (trans)(1922). Śikshā-samuccaya: a compendium of Buddhist doctrine, compiled by Śāntideva chiefly from earlier Mahāyāna Sūtras. London: Murray
Of the progresse of the Bodhisattva: the bodhisattvamārga in the Śikṣāsamuccaya / Richard Mahoney (Oxford: Indica et Buddhica, 2016) ISBN978-0-473-37538-6, 978-0-473-40931-9 &c.
L. D. Barnett (trans) (1909 ). "The Path of light rendered for the first time into Engl. from the Bodhicharyāvatāra of Śānti-Deva: a manual of Mahā-yāna Buddhism", New York, Dutton
External links
Wikiquote has quotations related to Shantideva.
Śāntideva's Bodhisattva-caryāvatāra English translation; Readable HTML.
Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy entry on Shantideva by Amod Lele
Talk about Shantideva by Stephen Batchelor
Engaging in Bodhisattva Behavior, full unpublished translation of the Bodhicaryavatara by Alexander Berzin
Śikṣāsamuccaya of Śāntideva: Sanskrit Buddhist text
Works by Shantideva at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)
May 04, 2023
shantideva, sanskrit, Śāntideva, chinese, 寂天, tibetan, zhiwa, mongolian, Шантидэва, гэгээн, vietnamese, tịch, thiên, century, indian, philosopher, buddhist, monk, poet, scholar, mahavihara, nalanda, adherent, mādhyamaka, philosophy, nāgārjuna, personalbornc, d. Shantideva Sanskrit Santideva Chinese 寂天 Tibetan ཞ བ ལ THL Zhiwa Lha Mongolian Shantideva gegeen Vietnamese Tịch Thien was an 8th century CE Indian philosopher Buddhist monk poet and scholar at the mahavihara of Nalanda He was an adherent of the Madhyamaka philosophy of Nagarjuna ShantidevaPersonalBornc 685 Diedc 763 ReligionBuddhismHe is also considered to be one of the 84 mahasiddhas and is known as Bhusuku 1 Contents 1 Biography 2 Works 2 1 Sikṣasamuccaya 2 2 Bodhicaryavatara 3 Philosophical views 3 1 Personal identity and free will 3 2 Ethical views 4 Footnotes 5 References 6 External linksBiography Edit Shantideva The Zhansi Lun of the East Asian Madhyamaka identifies two different individuals given the name Shant inideva their founder of the Avaivartika Sangha in the 6th century CE and a later Shantideva who studied at Nalanda in the 8th century CE and appears to be the source of the Tibetan biographies Archaeological discoveries support this thesis 2 3 Two Tibetan sources of the life of Shantideva are the historians Buton Rinchen Drub and Taranatha Recent scholarship has brought to light a short Sanskrit life of Shantideva in a 14th century CE Nepalese manuscript 4 An accessible account that follows the Buton closely can be found in Kunzang Pelden The Nectar of Manjushri s speech 5 Shantideva was born in the Saurastra in modern Gujarat son of King Kalyanavarman and he went by the name Santivarman 6 According to Pema Chodron Shantideva was not well liked at Nalanda 7 Apparently he was one of those people who didn t show up for anything never studying or coming to practice sessions His fellow monks said that his three realizations were eating sleeping and shitting 7 After being goaded into giving a talk to the entire university body Shantideva delivered The Way of the Bodhisattva 7 Works EditSikṣasamuccaya Edit The Sikṣasamuccaya Training Anthology is a prose work in nineteen chapters It is organized as a commentary on twenty seven short mnemonic verses known as the Sikṣasamuccaya Karika It consists primarily of quotations of varying length from sutras authoritative texts considered to be the word of the Buddha generally those sutras associated with Mahayana tradition including the Samadhiraja Sutra 8 Bodhicaryavatara Edit Shantideva is particularly renowned as the author of the Bodhisattvacaryavatara A variety of English translations exist sometimes glossed as A Guide to the Bodhisattva s Way of Life or Entering the Path of Enlightenment 9 It is a long poem describing the process of enlightenment from the first thought to full buddhahood and is still studied by Mahayana and Vajrayana Buddhists today An introduction to and commentary on the Bodhisattvacaryavatara by the 14th Dalai Lama called A Flash of Lightning in the Dark of Night was printed in 1994 A commentary on the Patience chapter was provided by the Dalai Lama in Healing Anger 1997 and his commentaries on the Wisdom chapter can be found in Practicing Wisdom 2004 Kunzang Palden has written a commentary based on that given by Patrul Rinpoche translated by the Padmakara Translation Group Patrul Rinpoche was a wandering monk of great scholarship who dedicated his life to the propagation of the Bodhisattvacaryavatara 10 Philosophical views EditPersonal identity and free will Edit Following the Buddha Santideva understood that the self is an illusion He also discusses the problem of free will in the Bodhicaryavatara writing that whatever transgressions aparadha and vile actions papa there are all arise through the power of conditioning factors while there is nothing that arises independently 11 Ethical views Edit In line with his views on personal identity and the nature of the self Santideva wrote that one ought to stop all the present and future pain and suffering of all sentient beings and to bring about all present and future pleasure and happiness in what may have been the very earliest clearly articulated statement of that view preceding Jeremy Bentham by approximately a thousand years 11 His basis for preferring altruism over egoism was that the continuum of consciousness like a queue and the combination of constituents like an army are not real The person who experiences suffering does not exist Similarly he asks when happiness is dear to me and others equally what is so special about me that I strive after happiness only for myself 11 Footnotes Edit Donald S Lopez Jr 28 May 2019 Seeing the Sacred in Samsara An Illustrated Guide to the Eighty Four Mahasiddhas Shambhala p 125 ISBN 978 0 8348 4212 0 Rahsid More Harunur 2012 Deva Dynasty In Islam Sirajul Jamal Ahmed A eds Banglapedia National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh Second ed Asiatic Society of Bangladesh Bodhicaryavatara Historical Project Archived 6 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine Pezzali Amalia 1968 Santideva Mystjique buddhiste des VII et VIIIe siecles Florence Vallechi Edtore Shantideva 1997 The Way of the Bodhisattva translated by the Padmakara Translation Group Boston l Shambala ISBN 1 57062 253 1 Kunzang Pelden 2007 The Nectar of Manjushri s Speech A Detailed Commentary on Shantideva s Way of the Bodhisattva Shambala Publications p 17 ISBN 978 1 59030 439 6 a b c Cutting Ties The Fruits of Solitude Tricycle The Buddhist Review Retrieved 28 October 2015 Amod Lele Santideva Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy The Way of the Bodhisattva A Translation of the Bodhicharyavatara Translated by the Padmakara Translation Group Shambhala Publications 2003 ISBN 1590300572 Kunzang Palden 2007 The Nectar of Manjushri s Speech A Detailed Commentary on Shantideva s Way of the Bodhisattva Shambala Publications ISBN 978 1 59030 439 6 a b c Goodman Charles 2016 Santideva in Zalta Edward N ed The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Fall 2016 ed Metaphysics Research Lab Stanford University retrieved 15 July 2022References EditShantideva 1997 The Way of the Bodhisattva translated by the Padmakara Translation Group Boston Shambala ISBN 1 57062 253 1 Shantideva 2002 Guide to the Bodhisattva s way of life how to enjoy a life of great meaning and altruism translation from Tibetan into English by Neil Elliot Ulverston UK Glen Spey N Y Tharpa ISBN 978 0 948006 89 0 Pema Chodron 2005 No Time to Lose A Timely Guide to the Way of the Bodhisattva commentary on Shantideva s Guide to the Bodhisattva s Way of Life Boston Shambhala ISBN 1 59030 135 8 Tenzin Gyatso 14th Dalai Lama 1994 A Flash of Lightning in the Dark of Night A Guide to the Bodhisattva s Way of Life Commentary on Shantideva s Guide to the Bodhisattva s Way of Life Boston Shambhala ISBN 0 87773 971 4 Geshe Kelsang Gyatso 1980 Meaningful to Behold The Bodhisattva s Way of Life Ulverston UK Glen Spey N Y Tharpa ISBN 0 948006 35 8 Geshe Kelsang Gyatso 2007 2005 How to Solve Our Human Problems US ed Tharpa Publications ISBN 978 0 9789067 1 9 K Crosby A Skilton 1996 The Bodhicaryavatara Oxford Oxford University Press ISBN 0 19 282979 3 S Batchelor 1979 A Guide to the Bodhisattva s Way of Life Dharamsala Library of Tibetan Works and Archives Kunzang Pelden 2007 The Nectar of Manjushri s Speech A Detailed Commentary on Shantideva s Way of the Bodhisattva Shambala Publications ISBN 978 1 59030 439 6 Santideva Cecil Bendall and W H D Rouse trans 1922 Siksha samuccaya a compendium of Buddhist doctrine compiled by Santideva chiefly from earlier Mahayana Sutras London Murray Of the progresse of the Bodhisattva the bodhisattvamarga in the Sikṣasamuccaya Richard Mahoney Oxford Indica et Buddhica 2016 ISBN 978 0 473 37538 6 978 0 473 40931 9 amp c L D Barnett trans 1909 The Path of light rendered for the first time into Engl from the Bodhicharyavatara of Santi Deva a manual of Maha yana Buddhism New York DuttonExternal links Edit Wikiquote has quotations related to Shantideva Santideva s Bodhisattva caryavatara English translation Readable HTML Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy entry on Shantideva by Amod Lele Talk about Shantideva by Stephen Batchelor Engaging in Bodhisattva Behavior full unpublished translation of the Bodhicaryavatara by Alexander Berzin Commentary to Bodhicaryavatara by Patrul Rinpoche in English Sikṣasamuccaya of Santideva Sanskrit Buddhist text Works by or about Shantideva at Internet Archive Works by Shantideva at LibriVox public domain audiobooks Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Shantideva amp oldid 1145384126, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
