Russula integra, commonly known as the entire russula, is a species of mushroom. The fungus stems from the huge genus of Russula. It is found in conifer forests across Europe and throughout North America. The fruiting body is mildly flavoured with a slight cashew-like taste and dense flesh. It is edible and most commonly consumed in Central Europe.
The cap is almost shaped like a sphere at first, and soon becomes flattened or depressed; it is 6–12 cm (2.4–4.7 in) broad.[1][2] The cuticle is shiny, varies in color, but is usually brown and tinged with violet, purple, yellow, or green. The gills are thick, widely spaced, easily crumbled into small pieces, white at first and then turns bright yellow eventually. The stipe is thick and white, but stains yellow or russet with age; it measures 5–12 cm (2.0–4.7 in) long and 2–3 cm (0.79–1.18 in) thick.[1][2] The flesh is white, very firm, and has a mild flavor.[3] The spore print is yellow-ochre, broadly elliptical, and has amyloid warts.[4]
Edibilityedit
The authors of The Great Encyclopedia of Mushrooms said that the species has a crunchy texture and tastes nutty. It is popular to eat in Northern[3] and Central Europe. In Romanian, the mushroom is called pâinişoară ("little bread") due to its edibility and perceived taste and texture.[5]David Arora said that the species is good when it is young. There are species with unknown edibility that look similar to this species.[4] According to an 1878 study, poisoning from this species used to be frequent, but is now rare. The study concluded that long cooking gets rid of its poisonous properties, but that rapid culinary processes does not such as roasting.[6]
Similar speciesedit
Russula mustelina is similar, with a brown cap, white stalk, yellow spores, and firm flesh.[2]
Habitatedit
David Arora said that species is widely distributed and can commonly be found scattered under conifers.[4] and the authors of The Great Encyclopedia of Mushrooms said that the species can commonly be found in spruce forests or fir forests in the mountains.[3] The species is
^Multiple authors (1878). Cyclopædia of the practice of medicine, Volume 17. W. Wood and Company. p. 941.
External linksedit
Media related to Russula integra at Wikimedia Commons
February 29, 2024
russula, integra, commonly, known, entire, russula, species, mushroom, fungus, stems, from, huge, genus, russula, found, conifer, forests, across, europe, throughout, north, america, fruiting, body, mildly, flavoured, with, slight, cashew, like, taste, dense, . Russula integra commonly known as the entire russula is a species of mushroom The fungus stems from the huge genus of Russula It is found in conifer forests across Europe and throughout North America The fruiting body is mildly flavoured with a slight cashew like taste and dense flesh It is edible and most commonly consumed in Central Europe Russula integraScientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom FungiDivision BasidiomycotaClass AgaricomycetesOrder RussulalesFamily RussulaceaeGenus RussulaSpecies R integraBinomial nameRussula integra L Fr SynonymsListAgaricus alutaceus var substypticus Pers 1801 Agaricus integer L 1753 Amanita rubra var integer L Lam 1783 Amanita integra L Roussel 1796 Russula adulterina Fr Peck 1888 Russula alutacea f grisella Singer 1932 Russula alutacea subsp integra L Singer 1932 Russula alutacea f pseudo olivascens Singer 1932 Russula alutacea f purpurella Singer 1932 Russula fusca var oreas Romagn Bidaud 1996 Russula fusca f pseudo olivascens Singer Bidaud 1996 Russula fusca f purpurella Singer Bidaud 1996 Russula gilva var lutea P Karst J E Lange 1940 Russula polychroma sensu NCL 1960 Rayner 1985 Russula phlyctidospora Romagn Bon 1986 Russula rubrotincta Peck Burl 1915 Russula substiptica Pers Mussat 1901 Russula trimbachii f gigas Romagn P A Moreau Carteret amp Francini 1999 Russulina integra L J Schrot 1889 Contents 1 Description 1 1 Edibility 1 2 Similar species 2 Habitat 3 References 4 External linksDescription editThe cap is almost shaped like a sphere at first and soon becomes flattened or depressed it is 6 12 cm 2 4 4 7 in broad 1 2 The cuticle is shiny varies in color but is usually brown and tinged with violet purple yellow or green The gills are thick widely spaced easily crumbled into small pieces white at first and then turns bright yellow eventually The stipe is thick and white but stains yellow or russet with age it measures 5 12 cm 2 0 4 7 in long and 2 3 cm 0 79 1 18 in thick 1 2 The flesh is white very firm and has a mild flavor 3 The spore print is yellow ochre broadly elliptical and has amyloid warts 4 Edibility edit The authors of The Great Encyclopedia of Mushrooms said that the species has a crunchy texture and tastes nutty It is popular to eat in Northern 3 and Central Europe In Romanian the mushroom is called painisoară little bread due to its edibility and perceived taste and texture 5 David Arora said that the species is good when it is young There are species with unknown edibility that look similar to this species 4 According to an 1878 study poisoning from this species used to be frequent but is now rare The study concluded that long cooking gets rid of its poisonous properties but that rapid culinary processes does not such as roasting 6 Similar species edit Russula mustelina is similar with a brown cap white stalk yellow spores and firm flesh 2 Habitat editDavid Arora said that species is widely distributed and can commonly be found scattered under conifers 4 and the authors of The Great Encyclopedia of Mushrooms said that the species can commonly be found in spruce forests or fir forests in the mountains 3 The species is Russula integra nbsp Mycological characteristics nbsp Gills on hymenium nbsp nbsp Cap is convex or depressed nbsp nbsp Hymenium is adnate or free nbsp Stipe is bare nbsp Spore print is yellow nbsp Ecology is mycorrhizal nbsp nbsp Edibility is edible but not recommendedrare in New York and can be found there in August 1 References edit a b c New York State Museum 1907 Bulletin of the New York State Museum Issues 112 117 The University p 93 a b c Davis R Michael Sommer Robert Menge John A 2012 Field Guide to Mushrooms of Western North America Berkeley University of California Press p 110 ISBN 978 0 520 95360 4 OCLC 797915861 a b c Polese Jean Nari Lamaison Jean Louis 1999 The Great Encyclopedia of Mushrooms Chanterelle Translations London p 43 ISBN 3 8290 1728 6 a b c Arora David 1986 Mushrooms Demystified A Comprehensive Guide to the Fleshy Fungi Ten Speed Press p 101 ISBN 978 0 89815 169 5 DEX Online Multiple authors 1878 Cyclopaedia of the practice of medicine Volume 17 W Wood and Company p 941 External links edit nbsp Media related to Russula integra at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Russula integra amp oldid 1206197661, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
