Soon after completion, on 10 October 1903, Aurora departed Kronstadt as part of Admiral Virenius's "reinforcing squadron" for Port Arthur.[4] While in the Red Sea, still en route to Port Arthur, the squadron was recalled back to the Baltic Sea, under protest by Admiral Makarov, who specifically requested Admiral Virenius to continue his mission to Port Arthur. Only the seven destroyers of the reinforcing squadron were allowed to continue to the Far East.[5]
After her detachment from the reinforcing squadron and her arrival back to home port she underwent new refitting.[6] After refitting, Aurora was ordered back to Port Arthur as part of the Russian Baltic Fleet[7][8]Aurora sailed as part of AdmiralOskar Enkvist's Cruiser Squadron whose flagship would be the protected cruiser Oleg, an element of Admiral Zinovy Rozhestvensky's Baltic Fleet.[9] On the way to the Far East, Aurora received five hits, sustaining light damage from confused friendly fire, which killed the ship's chaplain and a sailor, in the Dogger Bank incident.[10]
During World War IAurora operated in the Baltic Sea performing patrols and shore bombardment tasks. In 1915, her armament was changed to fourteen 152 mm (6 in) guns.
The ship's commanding officer, Captain Mikhail Nikolsky, was killed when he tried to suppress the revolt.[11]
In 1922, Aurora returned to service as a training ship.
During the Second World War, her guns were taken from the ship and used in the land defence of Leningrad. The ship herself was docked in Oranienbaum port,[12] and was repeatedly shelled and bombed. On 30 September 1941, she was damaged and sunk in the harbour.
She was later salvaged and repaired after the War.
Post World War IIedit
Port side view of the cruiserAurora and Krasin in KronstadtThe Aurora Ensign (Soviet era)
Having long served as a museum ship, from 1984 to 1987 the cruiser was once again placed in her construction yard, the Admiralty Shipyard, for capital restoration. During the overhaul, due to deterioration, the ship's hull below the waterline was replaced with a new welded hull according to the original drawings. The cut off lower hull section was towed into the Gulf of Finland to the decommissioned Ruchi naval base [ru], and sunk near the shore. The restoration revealed that some of the ship's parts, including the armour plates, were originally made in Britain.[13]
Aurora towed through drawbridge toward Kronstadt (2014)[check spelling]
In January 2013, Russian Defence Minister Sergey Shoygu announced plans to recommission Aurora and make her the flagship of the Russian Navy due to her historical and cultural importance.[14] On 21 September 2014, the ship was towed to the Admiralty Shipyard in Kronstadt to be overhauled,[12][15] to return in 2016.[16] On 16 July 2016, she returned to her home harbour in Saint Petersburg.[17]
Transport of Aurora to Kronstadt in September 2015
^Corbett (2015) Vol. 2, Chapters I, VI, X, XI, XIII, XIV
^British Naval Attache Reports (2003) p. 354 the new redesignation to the 2nd Pacific Squadron was rarely used, in both Corbett texts and official British Naval Attache Reports, the term Baltic Fleet is mostly consistent.
^ abSávina, Sofía (7 November 2014). "Aurora: The cruiser that sparked a revolution – or did it?". Russia Beyond.
^"Aurora". Museum Ships.us. Retrieved 18 March 2021.[dead link]
^ ["Aurora" will return to service]. Dve Novosti (in Russian). 27 January 2013. Archived from the original on 20 October 2013. Retrieved 5 June 2021.
^RT (21 September 2014). "Russian Revolution Symbol: Iconic 'Aurora' cruiser towed to renovation port". Archived from the original on 21 December 2021 – via YouTube.
^"Legendary Aurora to return to its harbour after overhaul in 2016". TASS. 13 October 2014.
^"Bolshevik Revolution warship Aurora returns to St. Petersburg". The Everett Herald. 16 July 2016.
Sourcesedit
British Naval Attache Reports. (2003) The Russo-Japanese War 1904-1905. The Battery Press. Nashville, Tennessee ISBN0-89839-324-8
Budzbon, Przemysław (1985). "Russia". In Gray, Randal (ed.). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. pp. 291–325. ISBN0-85177-245-5.
Campbell, N. J. M. (1979). "Russia". In Chesneau, Roger & Kolesnik, Eugene M. (eds.). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905. New York: Mayflower Books. pp. 170–217. ISBN0-8317-0302-4.
Corbett, Sir Julian. (2015) Maritime Operations in the Russo-Japanese War 1904-1905. Vol. 1 originally published January 1914. Naval Institute PressISBN978-1-59114-197-6
Corbett, Sir Julian. (2015) Maritime Operations in the Russo-Japanese War 1904-1905. Vol. 2 originally published October 1915. Naval Institute Press ISBN978-1-59114-198-3
Dowling, Timothy C. Russia at War: From the Mongol Conquest to Afghanistan, Chechnya, and Beyond. ABC-CLIO, 2015. ISBN978-1-59884-947-9
Hill, Alexander (2024). Soviet Cruisers 1917-1945: From the October Revolution to World War II. New Vanguard. Vol. 326. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. ISBN9781472859334.
McLaughlin, Stephen (2019). "In Avrora's Shadow: The Russian Cruisers of the Diana Class". In Jordan, John (ed.). Warship 2019. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. pp. 81–97. ISBN978-1-4728-3595-6.
Skvorcov, Aleksiey V. (2015). Cruisers of the First Rank: Avrora, Diana, Pallada. Sandomierz, Poland: Stratus. ISBN978-83-63678-56-2.
Watts, Anthony J. (1990). The Imperial Russian Navy. London: Arms and Armour. ISBN0-85368-912-1.
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Aurora (ship, 1900).
The History of the Russian Navy – Defeat at Port Arthur
russian, cruiser, aurora, aurora, russian, Авро, ра, avrora, ɐˈvrorə, russian, protected, cruiser, currently, preserved, museum, ship, saint, petersburg, aurora, three, pallada, class, cruisers, built, saint, petersburg, service, pacific, three, ships, this, c. Aurora Russian Avro ra tr Avrora IPA ɐˈvrore is a Russian protected cruiser currently preserved as a museum ship in Saint Petersburg Aurora was one of three Pallada class cruisers built in Saint Petersburg for service in the Pacific All three ships of this class served during the Russo Japanese War Aurora survived the Battle of Tsushima and was interned under US protection in the Philippines and eventually returned to the Baltic Fleet One of the first incidents of the October Revolution in Russia took place on the cruiser Aurora which reportedly fired the first shot signalling the beginning of the attack on the Winter Palace Aurora moored in Saint Petersburg Russia July 2022History Russian Empire Soviet Union Russia NameAurora NamesakeAurora OrderedJune 1896 BuilderAdmiralty Shipyard Saint Petersburg Laid down23 May 1897 Launched11 May 1900 1 Completed10 July 1903 Commissioned16 July 1903 Decommissioned17 November 1948 Honours andawardsOrder of the October Revolution Order of the Red Banner FateMuseum ship since 1956 StatusCeremoniously commissioned NotesParticipated in Dogger Bank incident 1904 Battle of Tsushima 1905 October Revolution 1917 Siege of Leningrad 1941 44 General characteristics Class and typePallada class protected cruiser Displacement6 731 t 6 625 long tons Length126 8 m 416 ft 0 in Beam16 8 m 55 ft 1 in Draught7 3 m 23 ft 11 in Installed power24 Belleville boilers 11 610 ihp 8 660 kW Propulsion3 shafts 3 triple expansion steam engines Speed19 knots 35 km h 22 mph Range7 200 km 4 500 mi at 10 knots 19 km h 12 mph Complement590 2 Armament1903 8 152 mm 6 in guns 24 75 mm 3 in guns 8 37 mm guns 3 torpedo tubes two underwater 1917 14 152 mm guns 4 76 2 mm 3 in AA guns 1 QF 2 pounder naval gun 3 Contents 1 Russo Japanese War 2 October Revolution mutiny 3 Second World War 4 Post World War II 5 See also 6 References 6 1 Sources 7 External linksRusso Japanese War edit nbsp Aurora in 1903 Soon after completion on 10 October 1903 Aurora departed Kronstadt as part of Admiral Virenius s reinforcing squadron for Port Arthur 4 While in the Red Sea still en route to Port Arthur the squadron was recalled back to the Baltic Sea under protest by Admiral Makarov who specifically requested Admiral Virenius to continue his mission to Port Arthur Only the seven destroyers of the reinforcing squadron were allowed to continue to the Far East 5 After her detachment from the reinforcing squadron and her arrival back to home port she underwent new refitting 6 After refitting Aurora was ordered back to Port Arthur as part of the Russian Baltic Fleet 7 8 Aurora sailed as part of Admiral Oskar Enkvist s Cruiser Squadron whose flagship would be the protected cruiser Oleg an element of Admiral Zinovy Rozhestvensky s Baltic Fleet 9 On the way to the Far East Aurora received five hits sustaining light damage from confused friendly fire which killed the ship s chaplain and a sailor in the Dogger Bank incident 10 October Revolution mutiny edit nbsp Aurora is pictured on the Order of the October Revolution During World War I Aurora operated in the Baltic Sea performing patrols and shore bombardment tasks In 1915 her armament was changed to fourteen 152 mm 6 in guns The ship s commanding officer Captain Mikhail Nikolsky was killed when he tried to suppress the revolt 11 Second World War edit nbsp Aurora is docked near Nakhimov Naval School In 1922 Aurora returned to service as a training ship During the Second World War her guns were taken from the ship and used in the land defence of Leningrad The ship herself was docked in Oranienbaum port 12 and was repeatedly shelled and bombed On 30 September 1941 she was damaged and sunk in the harbour She was later salvaged and repaired after the War Post World War II edit nbsp Port side view of the cruiser nbsp Aurora and Krasin in Kronstadt nbsp The Aurora Ensign Soviet era Having long served as a museum ship from 1984 to 1987 the cruiser was once again placed in her construction yard the Admiralty Shipyard for capital restoration During the overhaul due to deterioration the ship s hull below the waterline was replaced with a new welded hull according to the original drawings The cut off lower hull section was towed into the Gulf of Finland to the decommissioned Ruchi naval base ru and sunk near the shore The restoration revealed that some of the ship s parts including the armour plates were originally made in Britain 13 nbsp Aurora towed through drawbridge toward Kronstadt 2014 check spelling In January 2013 Russian Defence Minister Sergey Shoygu announced plans to recommission Aurora and make her the flagship of the Russian Navy due to her historical and cultural importance 14 On 21 September 2014 the ship was towed to the Admiralty Shipyard in Kronstadt to be overhauled 12 15 to return in 2016 16 On 16 July 2016 she returned to her home harbour in Saint Petersburg 17 nbsp Transport of Aurora to Kronstadt in September 2015See also edit nbsp Aurora is trapped in ice nbsp Aurora at night Japanese battleship Mikasa the only other surviving warship from the Battle of Tsushima USS Olympia a U S Navy protected cruiser preserved in Philadelphia The Twelfth Symphony by Dmitri Shostakovich title of 3rd movement The Baku Metro s Qara Qarayev Station formerly named Avrora Station References edit History The Cruiser Aurora Retrieved 5 June 2021 General information The Cruiser Aurora Retrieved 5 June 2021 Polenov L L 1987 Krejser Avrora Cruiser Aurora in Russian Leningrad Sudostroenie pp 162 165 Corbett 2015 Vol 1 p 51 Corbett 2015 Vol 1 p 146 147 Kowner Rotem 2006 Historical Dictionary of the Russo Japanese War The Scarecrow Press p 52 ISBN 0 8108 4927 5 Corbett 2015 Vol 2 Chapters I VI X XI XIII XIV British Naval Attache Reports 2003 p 354 the new redesignation to the 2nd Pacific Squadron was rarely used in both Corbett texts and official British Naval Attache Reports the term Baltic Fleet is mostly consistent Corbett 2015 Vol 2 p 194 215 273 Corbett 2015 Vol 2 p 35 Dowling p 571 a b Savina Sofia 7 November 2014 Aurora The cruiser that sparked a revolution or did it Russia Beyond Aurora Museum Ships us Retrieved 18 March 2021 dead link Avrora vernetsya v stroj Aurora will return to service Dve Novosti in Russian 27 January 2013 Archived from the original on 20 October 2013 Retrieved 5 June 2021 RT 21 September 2014 Russian Revolution Symbol Iconic Aurora cruiser towed to renovation port Archived from the original on 21 December 2021 via YouTube Legendary Aurora to return to its harbour after overhaul in 2016 TASS 13 October 2014 Bolshevik Revolution warship Aurora returns to St Petersburg The Everett Herald 16 July 2016 Sources edit British Naval Attache Reports 2003 The Russo Japanese War 1904 1905 The Battery Press Nashville Tennessee ISBN 0 89839 324 8 Budzbon Przemyslaw 1985 Russia In Gray Randal ed Conway s All the World s Fighting Ships 1906 1921 Annapolis Maryland Naval Institute Press pp 291 325 ISBN 0 85177 245 5 Campbell N J M 1979 Russia In Chesneau Roger amp Kolesnik Eugene M eds Conway s All the World s Fighting Ships 1860 1905 New York Mayflower Books pp 170 217 ISBN 0 8317 0302 4 Corbett Sir Julian 2015 Maritime Operations in the Russo Japanese War 1904 1905 Vol 1 originally published January 1914 Naval Institute Press ISBN 978 1 59114 197 6 Corbett Sir Julian 2015 Maritime Operations in the Russo Japanese War 1904 1905 Vol 2 originally published October 1915 Naval Institute Press ISBN 978 1 59114 198 3 Dowling Timothy C Russia at War From the Mongol Conquest to Afghanistan Chechnya and Beyond ABC CLIO 2015 ISBN 978 1 59884 947 9 Hill Alexander 2024 Soviet Cruisers 1917 1945 From the October Revolution to World War II New Vanguard Vol 326 Oxford UK Osprey Publishing ISBN 9781472859334 McLaughlin Stephen 2019 In Avrora s Shadow The Russian Cruisers of the Diana Class In Jordan John ed Warship 2019 Oxford UK Osprey Publishing pp 81 97 ISBN 978 1 4728 3595 6 Skvorcov Aleksiey V 2015 Cruisers of the First Rank Avrora Diana Pallada Sandomierz Poland Stratus ISBN 978 83 63678 56 2 Watts Anthony J 1990 The Imperial Russian Navy London Arms and Armour ISBN 0 85368 912 1 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Aurora ship 1900 The History of the Russian Navy Defeat at Port Arthur HNSA Web Page Cruiser Aurora Aurora Cruiser Museum Ship Saint Petersburg 59 57 19 N 30 20 17 E 59 95528 N 30 33806 E 59 95528 30 33806 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Russian cruiser Aurora amp oldid 1202902364, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
