The Pallada-class cruisers (often known in Russia as "Diana-type protected cruisers", Russian: Бронепалубные крейсера типа «Диана») were a group of three protected cruisers built for the Imperial Russian Navy (IRN) in the late 1890s. One ship of the class, Aurora, is still crewed by the Russian Navy, and maintained as a museum ship.
The Pallada cruisers were built in the New Admiralty Shipyard in Saint Petersburg to reinforce the Baltic Fleet. However, the cruisers were intended to operate on commerce raiding operations worldwide, especially in the Far East. Initially the Imperial Russian Navy looked at foreign designs, including the Royal Navy′s Apollo class and then the Astraea class before deciding to proceed with a domestic design. Although the armor protection of the Pallada class was still light, it represented a significant improvement over preceding Russian cruiser designs.
Orders for Pallada and Diana were placed in December 1895 and for Aurora in June 1897. However, due to the very long construction period required for these vessels they were already obsolete upon entry into service. As part of this same construction program, the Russian Navy had received cruisers of similar size from abroad (Varyag, Askold, Bogatyr), which were delivered between January 1901 and August 1902, and which were superior to Pallada class in several aspects, including their maximum speed of 23 knots (43 km/h; 26 mph).
The Pallada-class cruisers had a displacement of 6,731 tons (standard) or 6,932 tons (maximum), with a length of 126 metres (413 ft), beam of 16.8 metres (55 ft) and draft of 6.4 metres (21 ft). Powered by three triple-expansion steam engines with a total of 13,000 horsepower (9,700 kW), they had attained speed of 19 knots (35 km/h; 22 mph). The ships had a range of 3,700 nautical miles (6,900 km; 4,300 mi) with a coal stock of 972 tons and 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) cruising speed. The deck armor was 50–62 mm (2.0–2.4 in) thick, and the command post had 150 mm (5.9 in) armor. The crew numbered 578 men.
The Pallada-class cruisers were armed with eight 152 mm 45 caliber Pattern 1892 guns, which was one of the best Russian guns at the time. These and the twenty-four 75-mm guns as secondary armament were Russian variants of the French Schneider et CieCanet guns. The ships also were equipped with eight 37-mm Hotchkiss cannons and three 380-mm torpedo tubes, along with two Baranowski 63.5-mm-L / 19 landing guns.
Ships in classedit
Soon after her commissioning at the end of 1901 Pallada and Diana were sent to Port Arthur for use in the Russian Pacific Squadron.[1] All three ships of the Pallada class were used in combat during the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905, but without significant success. Pallada was blockaded within the confines of Port Arthur and was sunk at anchor. Diana broke out of the blockade in an attempt to reach home, but was interned in Saigon. Aurora sailed with the Second Pacific Squadron, which was annihilated at the Battle of Tsushima; Aurora escaped, but was interned at Manila.
After the war, Pallada was raised by the Japanese and commissioned into the Imperial Japanese Navy as the Japanese cruiser Tsugaru. In World War I, Diana and Aurora served with the Russian Baltic Fleet. Aurora subsequently achieved fame for firing the shot which is considered the start of the Russian October Revolution.
Budzbon, Przemysław (1985). "Russia". In Gray, Randal (ed.). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. pp. 291–325. ISBN0-85177-245-5.
Campbell, N. J. M. (1979). "Russia". In Chesneau, Roger & Kolesnik, Eugene M. (eds.). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905. New York: Mayflower Books. pp. 170–217. ISBN0-8317-0302-4.
McLaughlin, Stephen (2019). "In Avrora's Shadow: The Russian Cruisers of the Diana Class". In Jordan, John (ed.). Warship 2019. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. pp. 81–97. ISBN978-1-4728-3595-6.
Skvorcov, Aleksiey V. (2015). Cruisers of the First Rank: Avrora, Diana, Pallada. Sandomierz, Poland: Stratus. ISBN978-83-63678-56-2.
Watts, Anthony J. (1990). The Imperial Russian Navy. London: Arms and Armour. ISBN0-85368-912-1.
November 23, 2023
pallada, class, cruiser, often, known, russia, diana, type, protected, cruisers, russian, Бронепалубные, крейсера, типа, Диана, were, group, three, protected, cruisers, built, imperial, russian, navy, late, 1890s, ship, class, aurora, still, crewed, russian, n. The Pallada class cruisers often known in Russia as Diana type protected cruisers Russian Bronepalubnye krejsera tipa Diana were a group of three protected cruisers built for the Imperial Russian Navy IRN in the late 1890s One ship of the class Aurora is still crewed by the Russian Navy and maintained as a museum ship Pallada underwayClass overviewBuildersNew Admiralty Shipyard St Petersburg RussiaOperators Imperial Russian Navy Red Fleet Soviet Navy Imperial Japanese Navy Russian NavyPreceded bySvetlanaSucceeded byVaryagBuilt1895 1903In commission1902 1922Completed3Lost1Scrapped1Preserved1General characteristics as built TypeProtected cruiserDisplacement6 657 6 897 long tons 6 764 7 008 t Length416 ft 126 8 m Beam55 ft 16 76 m Draft21 ft 6 4 m Installed power24 Belleville boilers 11 971 13 100 ihp 8 927 9 769 kW Propulsion3 shafts 3 triple expansion steam enginesSpeed19 knots 35 km h 22 mph Complement571 81 officers and crewmenArmament8 single 6 in 152 mm guns 24 single 75 mm 3 in guns 8 single 37 mm 1 5 in guns 3 single 15 in 381 mm submerged torpedo tubesArmorDeck 2 3 in 51 76 mm Conning tower 6 in 152 mm Contents 1 Background 2 Design 3 Ships in class 4 Footnotes 5 ReferencesBackground editThe Pallada cruisers were built in the New Admiralty Shipyard in Saint Petersburg to reinforce the Baltic Fleet However the cruisers were intended to operate on commerce raiding operations worldwide especially in the Far East Initially the Imperial Russian Navy looked at foreign designs including the Royal Navy s Apollo class and then the Astraea class before deciding to proceed with a domestic design Although the armor protection of the Pallada class was still light it represented a significant improvement over preceding Russian cruiser designs Orders for Pallada and Diana were placed in December 1895 and for Aurora in June 1897 However due to the very long construction period required for these vessels they were already obsolete upon entry into service As part of this same construction program the Russian Navy had received cruisers of similar size from abroad Varyag Askold Bogatyr which were delivered between January 1901 and August 1902 and which were superior to Pallada class in several aspects including their maximum speed of 23 knots 43 km h 26 mph Design edit nbsp The armament of the Cruiser Aurora The Pallada class cruisers had a displacement of 6 731 tons standard or 6 932 tons maximum with a length of 126 metres 413 ft beam of 16 8 metres 55 ft and draft of 6 4 metres 21 ft Powered by three triple expansion steam engines with a total of 13 000 horsepower 9 700 kW they had attained speed of 19 knots 35 km h 22 mph The ships had a range of 3 700 nautical miles 6 900 km 4 300 mi with a coal stock of 972 tons and 10 knots 19 km h 12 mph cruising speed The deck armor was 50 62 mm 2 0 2 4 in thick and the command post had 150 mm 5 9 in armor The crew numbered 578 men The Pallada class cruisers were armed with eight 152 mm 45 caliber Pattern 1892 guns which was one of the best Russian guns at the time These and the twenty four 75 mm guns as secondary armament were Russian variants of the French Schneider et Cie Canet guns The ships also were equipped with eight 37 mm Hotchkiss cannons and three 380 mm torpedo tubes along with two Baranowski 63 5 mm L 19 landing guns Ships in class editSoon after her commissioning at the end of 1901 Pallada and Diana were sent to Port Arthur for use in the Russian Pacific Squadron 1 All three ships of the Pallada class were used in combat during the Russo Japanese War of 1904 1905 but without significant success Pallada was blockaded within the confines of Port Arthur and was sunk at anchor Diana broke out of the blockade in an attempt to reach home but was interned in Saigon Aurora sailed with the Second Pacific Squadron which was annihilated at the Battle of Tsushima Aurora escaped but was interned at Manila After the war Pallada was raised by the Japanese and commissioned into the Imperial Japanese Navy as the Japanese cruiser Tsugaru In World War I Diana and Aurora served with the Russian Baltic Fleet Aurora subsequently achieved fame for firing the shot which is considered the start of the Russian October Revolution Footnotes edit Pallada Steel Navy Retrieved 2007 08 04 References editBudzbon Przemyslaw 1985 Russia In Gray Randal ed Conway s All the World s Fighting Ships 1906 1921 Annapolis Maryland Naval Institute Press pp 291 325 ISBN 0 85177 245 5 Campbell N J M 1979 Russia In Chesneau Roger amp Kolesnik Eugene M eds Conway s All the World s Fighting Ships 1860 1905 New York Mayflower Books pp 170 217 ISBN 0 8317 0302 4 McLaughlin Stephen 2019 In Avrora s Shadow The Russian Cruisers of the Diana Class In Jordan John ed Warship 2019 Oxford UK Osprey Publishing pp 81 97 ISBN 978 1 4728 3595 6 Skvorcov Aleksiey V 2015 Cruisers of the First Rank Avrora Diana Pallada Sandomierz Poland Stratus ISBN 978 83 63678 56 2 Watts Anthony J 1990 The Imperial Russian Navy London Arms and Armour ISBN 0 85368 912 1 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Pallada class cruiser amp oldid 1122935752, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
