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Oskar Enqvist

January 01, 1970

Oskar Wilhelm Enqvist (Russian: О́скар Адо́льфович Энквист, Oskar Adolfovich Enkvist; 28 October 1849 – 3 March 1912) was a Finnish-Swedish admiral in the Imperial Russian Navy, noted for his role in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905.

Oskar Wilhelm Enqvist
Vice-admiral Oskar Enqvist.
Born(1849-10-28)October 28, 1849
Gatchina, St. Petersburg Governorate, Russian Empire
DiedMarch 3, 1912(1912-03-03) (aged 62)
Kronstadt, St. Petersburg, Russian Empire
Allegiance Russian Empire
Service/branch Imperial Russian Navy
Years of service1869–1907
RankVice Admiral
Battles/warsRusso Japanese War

Youth and early career edit

Born to Captain Adolf Frederik Enqvist of ethnic Finno-Swedish ethnicity and Lutheran faith. Enqvist was a classmate of future Admiral Nikolai Nebogatov at the Naval Cadet Corps in 1866. He was promoted to gardemarin in 1869 and graduated as a midshipman in 1871. He served in the Russian Baltic Fleet from 1871 to 1874, and was promoted to lieutenant on 30 August 1874. From 15 June 1884 to 24 October 1886, he was an officer on the gunboat Sivuch on which he led an expedition to the Far East. On 13 April 1886 he was promoted to captain 2nd rank, while still on his expedition.

On 28 October 1887 he returned to Russia. Enqvist was transferred to the cruiser Pamiat Azova as executive officer on 9 April 1888, on which he made a second voyage to the Far East from 1890 to 1891. On board this ship was the Tsarevich Nicholas II on his tour of the various countries of Asia.

Senior officer edit

From 25 May 1891 to 21 September 1893 Enqvist commanded on the gunboat Bobr and supervised hydrological studies off the shores of Korea. While on this voyage, on 6 December 1894, he promoted to the rank of captain 1st rank. On the return from this voyage, Enqvist was appointed captain of the training cruiser Gerzog Edinburgski on 5 June 1895, and commanded this vessel until 7 June 1899. On 6 December 1901, Enqvist was promoted to rear admiral. With this rank, he became commandant of the port and city of Nikolaïev on 9 September 1902 to 26 April 1904.

Russo-Japanese War edit

During the Russo-Japanese War, Enqvist, largely through the political patronage of his cousin Theodor Avellan, Chief-of-Staff of the Russian Admiralty and Navy Minister, he was appointed as commander of the First Cruiser Division of the Second Pacific Squadron, over numerous officers with higher seniority. He made the new cruiser Oleg as his flagship. Vice admiral Zinovy Rozhestvensky viewed Enqvist as a political opportunist, and refused to allow him an independent command, but instead forced him to sail with the main force around the southern end of the African continent.[1]

During the Battle of Tsushima on 27–28 May 1905, in order to avoid capture or destruction by the Imperial Japanese Navy, Enqvist announced to his officers at the end of the first day of the battle that he had decided to flee rather than to continue the battle or to attempt to reach Vladivostok. Over the objections of his officers, Enqvist ordered the Oleg south, together with the Aurora and Zhemchug to the neutral port of Manila, where he and his squadron were interned by the Americans until the end of the war.[1]

Retirement and death edit

After his return to Russia, he was released from service with the Russian Imperial Navy on November 10, 1907, with the rank of vice admiral. Oskar Wilhelm Enqvist died on March 3, 1912, in Kronstadt and was buried there.

Honors edit

Imperial Russia decorations edit

Foreign distinctions edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ a b Kowner, Historical Dictionary of the Russo-Japanese War, p. 113.

References edit

  • Kowner, Rotem (2006). Historical Dictionary of the Russo-Japanese War. The Scarecrow Press. ISBN 0-8108-4927-5.
  • (in Finnish) Biografiakeskus: Enqvist, Oskar Wilhelm

External links edit

  • foto/kravchenko/kravchenko_13.jpg
  • Photos
  • Oskar Wilhelm Enqvist

January 01, 1970
oskar, enqvist, oskar, wilhelm, enqvist, russian, скар, Адо, льфович, Энквист, oskar, adolfovich, enkvist, october, 1849, march, 1912, finnish, swedish, admiral, imperial, russian, navy, noted, role, russo, japanese, 1904, 1905, oskar, wilhelm, enqvistvice, ad. Oskar Wilhelm Enqvist Russian O skar Ado lfovich Enkvist Oskar Adolfovich Enkvist 28 October 1849 3 March 1912 was a Finnish Swedish admiral in the Imperial Russian Navy noted for his role in the Russo Japanese War of 1904 1905 Oskar Wilhelm EnqvistVice admiral Oskar Enqvist Born 1849 10 28 October 28 1849Gatchina St Petersburg Governorate Russian EmpireDiedMarch 3 1912 1912 03 03 aged 62 Kronstadt St Petersburg Russian EmpireAllegiance Russian EmpireService wbr branch Imperial Russian NavyYears of service1869 1907RankVice AdmiralBattles warsRusso Japanese War Contents 1 Youth and early career 2 Senior officer 3 Russo Japanese War 4 Retirement and death 5 Honors 5 1 Imperial Russia decorations 5 2 Foreign distinctions 6 Notes 7 References 8 External linksYouth and early career editBorn to Captain Adolf Frederik Enqvist of ethnic Finno Swedish ethnicity and Lutheran faith Enqvist was a classmate of future Admiral Nikolai Nebogatov at the Naval Cadet Corps in 1866 He was promoted to gardemarin in 1869 and graduated as a midshipman in 1871 He served in the Russian Baltic Fleet from 1871 to 1874 and was promoted to lieutenant on 30 August 1874 From 15 June 1884 to 24 October 1886 he was an officer on the gunboat Sivuch on which he led an expedition to the Far East On 13 April 1886 he was promoted to captain 2nd rank while still on his expedition On 28 October 1887 he returned to Russia Enqvist was transferred to the cruiser Pamiat Azova as executive officer on 9 April 1888 on which he made a second voyage to the Far East from 1890 to 1891 On board this ship was the Tsarevich Nicholas II on his tour of the various countries of Asia Senior officer editFrom 25 May 1891 to 21 September 1893 Enqvist commanded on the gunboat Bobr and supervised hydrological studies off the shores of Korea While on this voyage on 6 December 1894 he promoted to the rank of captain 1st rank On the return from this voyage Enqvist was appointed captain of the training cruiser Gerzog Edinburgski on 5 June 1895 and commanded this vessel until 7 June 1899 On 6 December 1901 Enqvist was promoted to rear admiral With this rank he became commandant of the port and city of Nikolaiev on 9 September 1902 to 26 April 1904 Russo Japanese War editDuring the Russo Japanese War Enqvist largely through the political patronage of his cousin Theodor Avellan Chief of Staff of the Russian Admiralty and Navy Minister he was appointed as commander of the First Cruiser Division of the Second Pacific Squadron over numerous officers with higher seniority He made the new cruiser Oleg as his flagship Vice admiral Zinovy Rozhestvensky viewed Enqvist as a political opportunist and refused to allow him an independent command but instead forced him to sail with the main force around the southern end of the African continent 1 During the Battle of Tsushima on 27 28 May 1905 in order to avoid capture or destruction by the Imperial Japanese Navy Enqvist announced to his officers at the end of the first day of the battle that he had decided to flee rather than to continue the battle or to attempt to reach Vladivostok Over the objections of his officers Enqvist ordered the Oleg south together with the Aurora and Zhemchug to the neutral port of Manila where he and his squadron were interned by the Americans until the end of the war 1 Retirement and death editAfter his return to Russia he was released from service with the Russian Imperial Navy on November 10 1907 with the rank of vice admiral Oskar Wilhelm Enqvist died on March 3 1912 in Kronstadt and was buried there Honors editImperial Russia decorations edit nbsp Order of St Stanislaus 2nd degree January 8 1890 nbsp Order of St Anne 2nd degree 1892 nbsp Order of St Vladimir 4th degree with bow 1897 nbsp Order of St Vladimir 3rd degree December 6 1899 nbsp Order of St Stanislaus 1st degree January 1 1904 Foreign distinctions edit nbsp Order of the Redeemer Knight 1866 Greece nbsp Order of the Sacred Treasure 3rd class 1891 Japan nbsp Order of the Red Eagle 2nd class 1897 Prussia nbsp Officer of the Legion of Honor 1897 France nbsp Order of the Redeemer Commander 1899 Greece nbsp Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus Commander 1900 Italy nbsp Order of the Rising Sun 3rd degree 1902 Japan Notes edit a b Kowner Historical Dictionary of the Russo Japanese War p 113 References editKowner Rotem 2006 Historical Dictionary of the Russo Japanese War The Scarecrow Press ISBN 0 8108 4927 5 in Finnish Biografiakeskus Enqvist Oskar WilhelmExternal links editfoto kravchenko kravchenko 13 jpg Photos Oskar Wilhelm Enqvist Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Oskar Enqvist amp oldid 1217472005, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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