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Rudolf Christoph Eucken

January 01, 1970

Rudolf Christoph Eucken (German pronunciation: [ˈʁuːdɔlf ˈʔɔʏkn̩] ⓘ; 5 January 1846 – 14 September 1926[2]) was a German philosopher. He received the 1908 Nobel Prize in Literature "in recognition of his earnest search for truth, his penetrating power of thought, his wide range of vision, and the warmth and strength in presentation with which in his numerous works he has vindicated and developed an idealistic philosophy of life", after he had been nominated by a member of the Swedish Academy.[3]

Rudolf Christoph Eucken
Photograph by Rudolf Dührkoop
Born(1846-01-05)5 January 1846
Aurich, Kingdom of Hanover, Germany
Died14 September 1926(1926-09-14) (aged 80)
Jena, Thuringia, Germany
Alma materGöttingen University
Berlin University
AwardsNobel Prize in Literature (1908)
Era19th-/20th-century philosophy
RegionWestern philosophy
SchoolContinental philosophy
German idealism
InstitutionsUniversity of Jena
University of Basel
Main interests
Ethics
Notable ideas
Aktivismus (Ethical activism)[1]
The Real
Signature

Early life edit

Eucken was born on 5 January 1846 in Aurich, then in the Kingdom of Hanover (now Lower Saxony). His father, Ammo Becker Eucken (1792–1851) died when he was a child, and he was brought up by his mother, Ida Maria (1814–1872, née Gittermann).[4] He was educated at Aurich, where one of his teachers was the classical philologist and philosopher Ludwig Wilhelm Maximilian Reuter (1803–1881).[5] He studied at Göttingen University (1863–66), where Hermann Lotze was one of his teachers, and Berlin University.[4] In the latter place, Friedrich Adolf Trendelenburg was a professor whose ethical tendencies and historical treatment of philosophy greatly attracted him.

Career edit

Eucken received his PhD in classical philology and ancient history at Göttingen University in 1866 with a dissertation under the title De Aristotelis dicendi ratione.[6] However, the inclination of his mind was definitely towards the philosophical side of theology.[5] In 1871, after five years working as a school teacher at Husum, Berlin und Frankfurt, he was appointed Professor of Philosophy at the University of Basel, Switzerland, succeeding another of his former teachers at Göttingen, Gustav Teichmüller, and beating Friedrich Nietzsche in competition for the position. He stayed there until 1874 when he took up a similar position at the University of Jena.[5] He stayed there until he retired in 1920. In 1912–13, Eucken spent half of the year as an exchange professor at Harvard University, and in 1913 he served as a Deem lecturer at New York University.[7][8] During World War I, Eucken, like many of his academic colleagues, took a strong line in favour of the causes with which his country had associated itself.[4][9]

 
Birthplace of Rudolf Eucken in Aurich, Osterstraße 27 (September 2015)

Ethical activism edit

Eucken's philosophical work is partly historical and partly constructive, the former side being predominant in his earlier, the latter in his later works. Their most striking feature is the close organic relationship between the two parts. The aim of the historical works is to show the necessary connection between philosophical concepts and the age to which they belong; the same idea is at the root of his constructive speculation. All philosophy is philosophy of life, the development of a new culture, not mere intellectualism, but the application of a vital religious inspiration to the practical problems of society. This practical idealism Eucken described by the term "ethical activism."[1] In accordance with this principle, Eucken gave considerable attention to social and educational problems.[5]

He maintained that humans have souls, and that they are therefore at the junction between nature and spirit. He believed that people should overcome their non-spiritual nature by continuous efforts to achieve a spiritual life, another aspect of his ethical activism and meaning of life.

Later life and death edit

Rudolf Eucken married Irene Passow (1863–1941) in 1882 and had a daughter and two sons. His son Walter Eucken became a famous founder of ordoliberal thought in economics. His son Arnold Eucken was a chemist and physicist.[4]

Rudolf Eucken died on 15 September 1926 in Jena at the age of 80.[4]

Major works edit

He was a prolific writer; his best-known works are:

  • Die Lebensanschauungen der großen Denker (1890; 7th ed., 1907; 1918; Eng. trans., W. Hough and Boyce Gibson, The Problem of Human Life, 1909) (The Problem of Human Life as Viewed by the Great Thinkers)
  • Der Kampf um einen geistigen Lebensinhalt (1896) (The Struggle for a Spiritual Content of Life)
  • Der Wahrheitsgehalt der Religion (1901) (The Truth of Religion)
  • Grundlinien einer neuen Lebensanschauung (1907) (Life's Basis and Life's Ideal: The Fundamentals of a New Philosophy of Life)
  • Der Sinn und Wert des Lebens (1908) (The Meaning and Value of Life)
  • Geistige Strömungen der Gegenwart (1908; first appeared in 1878 as Die Grundbegriffe der Gegenwart; Eng. trans. by M. Stuart Phelps, New York, 1880) (Main Currents of Modern Thought)
  • Können wir noch Christen sein? (1911) (Can We Still Be Christians?, 1914)
  • Present Day Ethics in their Relation to the Spiritual Life (1913) (Deem Lectures given at New York University)
  • Der Sozialismus und seine Lebensgestaltung (1920) (Socialism: an Analysis (1922))

Other notable works are:

  • Die Methode der aristotelischen Forschung (1872) (The Aristotelian Method of Research)
  • Geschichte der philosophische Terminologie (1879) (History of Philosophical Terminology)
  • Prolegomena zu Forschungen über die Einheit des Geisteslebens (1885) (Prolegomena to Research on the Unity of the Spiritual Life)
  • Beiträge zur Geschichte der neueren Philosophie (1886, 1905) (Contributions to the History of the Newer Philosophies)
  • Die Einheit des Geisteslebens (1888) (The Unity of the Spiritual Life)
  • Thomas von Aquino und Kant (1901) (Thomas Aquinas and Kant)
  • Gesammelte Aufsätze zu Philosophische und Lebensanschauung (1903) (Collected Essays on Views of Philosophy and Life)
  • Philosophie der Geschichte (1907) (Philosophy of History)
  • Einführung in die Philosophie der Geisteslebens (1908; Eng. trans., The Life of the Spirit, F. L. Pogson, 1909, Crown Theological Library) (Introduction to the Philosophy of the Life of the Spirit)
  • Hauptprobleme der Religionsphilosophie der Gegenwart (1907) (Main Problems of the Current Philosophy of Religion)

Other English translations of his work include:

  • Liberty in Teaching in the German Universities (1897)
  • Are the Germans still a Nation of Thinkers? (1898)
  • Progress of Philosophy in the 19th Century (1899)
  • The Finnish Question (1899)
  • The Present Status of Religion in Germany (1901)
  • The Problem of Human Life as Viewed by the Great Thinkers from Plato to the Present Time, Charles Scribner's Sons, 1909.
  • Back to Religion, 1912.
  • Main Currents of Modern Thought: A Study of the Spiritual and Intellectual Movements of the Present Day, T. Fisher Unwin, 1912.
  • The Meaning and Value of Life, A. and C. Black, 1913.
  • Can we Still be Christians?, The Macmillan Company, 1914.
  • Collected Essays, edited and translated by Meyrick Booth, T. Fisher Unwin, 1914.
  • Knowledge and Life (translation), G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1914.

He delivered lectures in England in 1911 and spent six months lecturing at Harvard University and elsewhere in the United States in 1912–1913.

References edit

  1. ^ a b W. R. Boyce Gibson, Rudolf Eucken's Philosophy of Life, Kessinger Publishing, 2004, p. 170.
  2. ^ "Rudolf Eucken". Rudolf Eucken Facts. Retrieved 3 June 2023.
  3. ^ nobelprize.org
  4. ^ a b c d e "Biografie Rudolf Christoph Eucken (German)". Bayerische Nationalbibliothek. Retrieved 5 August 2015.
  5. ^ a b c d   One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Eucken, Rudolf Christoph". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 9 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 878.
  6. ^ The dissertation is available online at Internet Archive.
  7. ^ University, Harvard (1912). Harvard University Catalogue. The University.
  8. ^ "Rudolf Eucken - Biographical". www.nobelprize.org. Retrieved 14 March 2018.
  9. ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1922). "Eucken, Rudolf Christoph" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 31 (12th ed.). London & New York: The Encyclopædia Britannica Company. pp. 13–14.

Further reading edit

  • Beck, Friedrich Alfred. Rudolf Eucken, Deutsche Buch-Gemeinschaft, 1927.
  • Booth, Meyrick. Rudolf Eucken: His Philosophy and Influence, Charles Scribner's Sons, 1913.
  • Feuling, Daniel. "Rudolf Eucken's Philosophy," The Dublin Review, Vol. CLV, July/October, 1914.
  • Gibson, W. R. Boyce. Rudolf Eucken's Philosophy of Life, A. & C. Black, 1915.
  • Jones, Abel J. Rudolf Eucken: A Philosophy of Life, T. C. & E. C. Jack, 1913.
  • Jones, W. Tudor. Rudolf Eucken: His Life and Philosophy, Haldeman-Julius Co., 1920.
  • MacSwiney, Margaret Mary. Rudolf Eucken and the Spiritual Life, National Capital Press, 1915.

External links edit

  •   Media related to Rudolf Eucken at Wikimedia Commons
  • Eucken, Rudolf Christoph at Nobel-winners.com
  • Works by Rudolf Eucken at Project Gutenberg
  • List of Works
  • Works by or about Rudolf Christoph Eucken at Internet Archive
  • Works by Rudolf Christoph Eucken at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)    
  • Newspaper clippings about Rudolf Christoph Eucken in the 20th Century Press Archives of the ZBW  
  • Rudolf Christoph Eucken on Nobelprize.org  

January 01, 1970
rudolf, christoph, eucken, german, pronunciation, ˈʁuːdɔlf, ˈʔɔʏkn, january, 1846, september, 1926, german, philosopher, received, 1908, nobel, prize, literature, recognition, earnest, search, truth, penetrating, power, thought, wide, range, vision, warmth, st. Rudolf Christoph Eucken German pronunciation ˈʁuːdɔlf ˈʔɔʏkn 5 January 1846 14 September 1926 2 was a German philosopher He received the 1908 Nobel Prize in Literature in recognition of his earnest search for truth his penetrating power of thought his wide range of vision and the warmth and strength in presentation with which in his numerous works he has vindicated and developed an idealistic philosophy of life after he had been nominated by a member of the Swedish Academy 3 Rudolf Christoph EuckenPhotograph by Rudolf DuhrkoopBorn 1846 01 05 5 January 1846Aurich Kingdom of Hanover GermanyDied14 September 1926 1926 09 14 aged 80 Jena Thuringia GermanyAlma materGottingen UniversityBerlin UniversityAwardsNobel Prize in Literature 1908 Era19th 20th century philosophyRegionWestern philosophySchoolContinental philosophyGerman idealismInstitutionsUniversity of JenaUniversity of BaselMain interestsEthicsNotable ideasAktivismus Ethical activism 1 The RealSignature Contents 1 Early life 2 Career 3 Ethical activism 4 Later life and death 5 Major works 6 References 7 Further reading 8 External linksEarly life editEucken was born on 5 January 1846 in Aurich then in the Kingdom of Hanover now Lower Saxony His father Ammo Becker Eucken 1792 1851 died when he was a child and he was brought up by his mother Ida Maria 1814 1872 nee Gittermann 4 He was educated at Aurich where one of his teachers was the classical philologist and philosopher Ludwig Wilhelm Maximilian Reuter 1803 1881 5 He studied at Gottingen University 1863 66 where Hermann Lotze was one of his teachers and Berlin University 4 In the latter place Friedrich Adolf Trendelenburg was a professor whose ethical tendencies and historical treatment of philosophy greatly attracted him Career editEucken received his PhD in classical philology and ancient history at Gottingen University in 1866 with a dissertation under the title De Aristotelis dicendi ratione 6 However the inclination of his mind was definitely towards the philosophical side of theology 5 In 1871 after five years working as a school teacher at Husum Berlin und Frankfurt he was appointed Professor of Philosophy at the University of Basel Switzerland succeeding another of his former teachers at Gottingen Gustav Teichmuller and beating Friedrich Nietzsche in competition for the position He stayed there until 1874 when he took up a similar position at the University of Jena 5 He stayed there until he retired in 1920 In 1912 13 Eucken spent half of the year as an exchange professor at Harvard University and in 1913 he served as a Deem lecturer at New York University 7 8 During World War I Eucken like many of his academic colleagues took a strong line in favour of the causes with which his country had associated itself 4 9 nbsp Birthplace of Rudolf Eucken in Aurich Osterstrasse 27 September 2015 Ethical activism editEucken s philosophical work is partly historical and partly constructive the former side being predominant in his earlier the latter in his later works Their most striking feature is the close organic relationship between the two parts The aim of the historical works is to show the necessary connection between philosophical concepts and the age to which they belong the same idea is at the root of his constructive speculation All philosophy is philosophy of life the development of a new culture not mere intellectualism but the application of a vital religious inspiration to the practical problems of society This practical idealism Eucken described by the term ethical activism 1 In accordance with this principle Eucken gave considerable attention to social and educational problems 5 He maintained that humans have souls and that they are therefore at the junction between nature and spirit He believed that people should overcome their non spiritual nature by continuous efforts to achieve a spiritual life another aspect of his ethical activism and meaning of life Later life and death editRudolf Eucken married Irene Passow 1863 1941 in 1882 and had a daughter and two sons His son Walter Eucken became a famous founder of ordoliberal thought in economics His son Arnold Eucken was a chemist and physicist 4 Rudolf Eucken died on 15 September 1926 in Jena at the age of 80 4 Major works editHe was a prolific writer his best known works are Die Lebensanschauungen der grossen Denker 1890 7th ed 1907 1918 Eng trans W Hough and Boyce Gibson The Problem of Human Life 1909 The Problem of Human Life as Viewed by the Great Thinkers Der Kampf um einen geistigen Lebensinhalt 1896 The Struggle for a Spiritual Content of Life Der Wahrheitsgehalt der Religion 1901 The Truth of Religion Grundlinien einer neuen Lebensanschauung 1907 Life s Basis and Life s Ideal The Fundamentals of a New Philosophy of Life Der Sinn und Wert des Lebens 1908 The Meaning and Value of Life Geistige Stromungen der Gegenwart 1908 first appeared in 1878 as Die Grundbegriffe der Gegenwart Eng trans by M Stuart Phelps New York 1880 Main Currents of Modern Thought Konnen wir noch Christen sein 1911 Can We Still Be Christians 1914 Present Day Ethics in their Relation to the Spiritual Life 1913 Deem Lectures given at New York University Der Sozialismus und seine Lebensgestaltung 1920 Socialism an Analysis 1922 Other notable works are Die Methode der aristotelischen Forschung 1872 The Aristotelian Method of Research Geschichte der philosophische Terminologie 1879 History of Philosophical Terminology Prolegomena zu Forschungen uber die Einheit des Geisteslebens 1885 Prolegomena to Research on the Unity of the Spiritual Life Beitrage zur Geschichte der neueren Philosophie 1886 1905 Contributions to the History of the Newer Philosophies Die Einheit des Geisteslebens 1888 The Unity of the Spiritual Life Thomas von Aquino und Kant 1901 Thomas Aquinas and Kant Gesammelte Aufsatze zu Philosophische und Lebensanschauung 1903 Collected Essays on Views of Philosophy and Life Philosophie der Geschichte 1907 Philosophy of History Einfuhrung in die Philosophie der Geisteslebens 1908 Eng trans The Life of the Spirit F L Pogson 1909 Crown Theological Library Introduction to the Philosophy of the Life of the Spirit Hauptprobleme der Religionsphilosophie der Gegenwart 1907 Main Problems of the Current Philosophy of Religion Other English translations of his work include Liberty in Teaching in the German Universities 1897 Are the Germans still a Nation of Thinkers 1898 Progress of Philosophy in the 19th Century 1899 The Finnish Question 1899 The Present Status of Religion in Germany 1901 The Problem of Human Life as Viewed by the Great Thinkers from Plato to the Present Time Charles Scribner s Sons 1909 Back to Religion 1912 Main Currents of Modern Thought A Study of the Spiritual and Intellectual Movements of the Present Day T Fisher Unwin 1912 The Meaning and Value of Life A and C Black 1913 Can we Still be Christians The Macmillan Company 1914 Collected Essays edited and translated by Meyrick Booth T Fisher Unwin 1914 Knowledge and Life translation G P Putnam s Sons 1914 He delivered lectures in England in 1911 and spent six months lecturing at Harvard University and elsewhere in the United States in 1912 1913 References edit a b W R Boyce Gibson Rudolf Eucken s Philosophy of Life Kessinger Publishing 2004 p 170 Rudolf Eucken Rudolf Eucken Facts Retrieved 3 June 2023 nobelprize org a b c d e Biografie Rudolf Christoph Eucken German Bayerische Nationalbibliothek Retrieved 5 August 2015 a b c d nbsp One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Eucken Rudolf Christoph Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 9 11th ed Cambridge University Press p 878 The dissertation is available online at Internet Archive University Harvard 1912 Harvard University Catalogue The University Rudolf Eucken Biographical www nobelprize org Retrieved 14 March 2018 Chisholm Hugh ed 1922 Eucken Rudolf Christoph Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 31 12th ed London amp New York The Encyclopaedia Britannica Company pp 13 14 Further reading editBeck Friedrich Alfred Rudolf Eucken Deutsche Buch Gemeinschaft 1927 Booth Meyrick Rudolf Eucken His Philosophy and Influence Charles Scribner s Sons 1913 Feuling Daniel Rudolf Eucken s Philosophy The Dublin Review Vol CLV July October 1914 Gibson W R Boyce Rudolf Eucken s Philosophy of Life A amp C Black 1915 Jones Abel J Rudolf Eucken A Philosophy of Life T C amp E C Jack 1913 Jones W Tudor Rudolf Eucken His Life and Philosophy Haldeman Julius Co 1920 MacSwiney Margaret Mary Rudolf Eucken and the Spiritual Life National Capital Press 1915 External links edit nbsp Media related to Rudolf Eucken at Wikimedia Commons Eucken Rudolf Christoph at Nobel winners com Works by Rudolf Eucken at Project Gutenberg List of Works Works by or about Rudolf Christoph Eucken at Internet Archive Works by Rudolf Christoph Eucken at LibriVox public domain audiobooks nbsp nbsp Newspaper clippings about Rudolf Christoph Eucken in the 20th Century Press Archives of the ZBW nbsp Rudolf Christoph Eucken on Nobelprize org nbsp Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Rudolf Christoph Eucken amp oldid 1219776807, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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