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Chaetodon

April 18, 2024

Chaetodon is a tropical fish genus in the family Chaetodontidae. Like their relatives, they are known as "butterflyfish". This genus is by far the largest among the Chaetodontidae, with about 90 living species included here,[1] though most might warrant recognition as distinct genera.

Chaetodon
Temporal range: 28–0 Ma Late Oligocene? – Recent
Foureye butterflyfish, C. capistratus
the type species of Chaetodon
Scientific classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Chaetodontidae
Genus: Chaetodon
Linnaeus, 1758
Type species
Chaetodon capistratus
Linnaeus, 1758
Subgenera

Chaetodon Linnaeus, 1758
"Citharoedus" Kaup, 1860 (non Herrmannsen, 1847: preoccupied)
Corallochaetodon Burgess, 1978
Discochaetodon Nalbant, 1971
Exornator Nalbant, 1971
Gonochaetodon Bleeker, 1876
Lepidochaetodon Bleeker, 1876
Megaprotodon Guichenot, 1848
Rabdophorus Swainson, 1839
Rhombochaetodon Burgess, 1978 (disputed)
Tetrachaetodon Weber & Beaufort, 1936
and see text

Synonyms
  • Aspilurochaetodon Mauge & Bauchot, 1984
  • Burgessius Mauge & Bauchot, 1984
  • Chaetodontops Bleeker, 1876
  • Heterochaetodon Mauge & Bauchot, 1984
  • Roaops Mauge & Bauchot, 1984
  • Tifia Jordan in Jordan & Jordan, 1922

Species edit

There are currently 87 recognized species in this genus:[2]

Chaetodon sensu stricto edit

C. robustus group edit

Lepidochaetodon group edit

Subgenus Exornator (including Burgessius, Heterochaetodon and possibly Rhombochaetodon; tentatively placed here)

Subgenus Lepidochaetodon (including Tifia)

Subgenus Rhombochaetodon (including Roaops, might belong in Exornator; tentatively placed here)

Megaprotodon group edit

Subgenus "Citharoedus" (tentatively placed here)

Subgenus Corallochaetodon (tentatively placed here)

Subgenus Discochaetodon

Subgenus Gonochaetodon (tentatively placed here)

 
Chaetodon triangulum

Subgenus Megaprotodon

  • Chaetodon trifascialis Quoy & Gaimard, 1825 (Chevron Butterflyfish, Triangulate butterflyfish, V-lined butterflyfish)

Subgenus Tetrachaetodon

Rabdophorus group edit

Including Aspilurochaetodon, Chaetodontops

Incertae sedis edit

Most are probably either Chaetodon sensu stricto or C. robustus group.

Proposed subgenera edit

Several subgenera have been proposed for splitting out of this group. It is becoming clear how the genus might be split up, with a range[3][4] of DNA sequence data in large parts agreeing with S.D. Blum's landmark 1988 phylogenetic assessment of osteology.[5]

Basically, a core group around the type species Chaetodon capistratus would remain in Chaetodon, while maybe four clades would be split off. These could use the names Lepidochaetodon, Megaprotodon and Rabdophorus, and there is one unnamed group containing the three-banded butterflyfish (C. robustus) and its relatives. But the monophyly of the Lepidochaetodon group is not fully established; it is both unclear whether Rhombochaetodon is a lineage distinct from Exornator, and whether Lepidochaetodon is indeed closer to these than to any other Chaetodon, particularly to some lineages otherwise placed in Megaprotodon.[3]

Prognathodes, for some time contained in Chaetodon, is worthy of recognition as full genus, as is Roa.[6]

Historically, more distantly related fish were placed in Chaetodon too, for resembling them in details – e.g. the common scat Scatophagus argus, which has a similar shape and size, as well as armored larvae like the Chaetodontidae – or simply because they are colorful, smallish, and unusual-looking – e.g. the quite unrelated paradise fish, as C. chinensis.

The classification proposed in Fessler and Westneat is based on the species of Chaetodon they sampled and these sorted into the following clades:[3]

  • Clade 1
    • Chaetodon robustus
    • Chaetodon hoefleri
  • Clade 2
    • Chaetodon kleini
    • Chaetodon unimaculatus
    • Chaetodon fremblii
    • Chaetodon burgessi
    • Chaetodon xanthurus
    • Chaetodon paucifasciatus
    • Chaetodon mertensi
    • Chaetodon quadrimaculatus
    • Chaetodon citrinellus
    • Chaetodon multicinctus
    • Chaetodon punctatofasciatus
    • Chaetodon pelewensis
    • Chaetodon sedentarius
    • Chaetodon dolosus
    • Chaetodon miliaris
    • Chaetodon guentheri
  • Clade 3
    • Chaetodon austriacus
    • Chaetodon trifasciatus
    • Chaetodon ornatissimus
    • Chaetodon reticularis
    • Chaetodon meyeri
    • Chaetodon larvatus
    • Chaetodon baronessa
    • Chaetodon trifascialis
    • Chaetodon rainfordi
    • Chaetodon octofasciatus
    • Chaetodon bennetti
    • Chaetodon plebius
    • Chaetodon speculum
    • Chaetodon zanzibarensis
  • Clade 4
    • Chaetodon ocellatus
    • Chaetodon capistratus
    • Chaetodon striatus
    • Chaetodon semeion
    • Chaetodon ephippium
    • Chaetodon selene
    • Chaetodon melannotus
    • Chaetodon ocellicaudus
    • Chaetodon rafflesi
    • Chaetodon auriga
    • Chaetodon vagabundus
    • Chaetodon collare
    • Chaetodon adiergastos
    • Chaetodon fasciatus
    • Chaetodon lunula
    • Chaetodon semilarvatus
    • Chaetodon lineolatus
    • Chaetodon oxycephalus
    • Chaetodon falcula
    • Chaetodon ulietensis

Fossil record edit

 
Fossil of Chaetodon species

The oldest fossils that are usually assigned to Chaetodon date from the late Oligocene, about 25 million years ago. But since it is not easy to distinguish this genus from close relatives, it may be that the Oligocene fossils are actually of other Chaetodontidae. The fossil record of this family is scant indeed, only Chelmon (or some similar genus like Chelmonops or Coradion) being known from Miocene remains. As even crude molecular clocks suggest that the ancestors of the Chaetodon and the Chelmops lineage diverged in the Late Eocene already, nothing more can be said without new fossils being discovered.[7][8]

Footnotes edit

  1. ^ FishBase (2006)
  2. ^ Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2013). Species of Chaetodon in FishBase. February 2013 version.
  3. ^ a b c Fessler, Jennifer L.; Westneat, Mark W (2007). "Molecular phylogenetics of the butterflyfishes (Chaetodontidae): Taxonomy and biogeography of a global coral reef fish family". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 45 (1): 50–68. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2007.05.018.
  4. ^ Hsu, Kui-Ching; Chen, Jeng-Ping & Shao, Kwang-Tsao (2007). (PDF). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology Supplement. 14: 77–86. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-08-11. Retrieved 2008-09-02.
  5. ^ Blum (1988)
  6. ^ Kuiter, R. H. 2004. Description of a new species of butterflyfish, Roa australis, from northwestern Australia (Pisces: Perciformes: Chaetodontidae). Records of the Australian Museum v. 56 (no. 2): 167-171.
  7. ^ Sepkoski (2002), Fessler & Westneat (2007)
  8. ^ Paleobiology Database

References edit

  • Blum, S. D. (1988): Osteology and Phylogeny of the Chaetodontidae (Pisces: Perciformes). University of Hawaii, Honolulu.
  • Fessler, Jennifer L. & Westneat, Mark W. (2007): Molecular phylogenetics of the butterflyfishes (Chaetodontidae): Taxonomy and biogeography of a global coral reef fish family. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 45(1): 50–68. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2007.05.018
  • Hsu, Kui-Ching; Chen, Jeng-Ping & Shao, Kwang-Tsao (2007): Molecular phylogeny of Chaetodon (Teleostei: Chaetodontidae) in the Indo-West Pacific: evolution in geminate species pairs and species groups. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology Supplement 14: 77-86.
  • Sepkoski, Jack (2002): [Chaetodon]. In: A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology 364: 560.

External links edit

  •   Media related to Chaetodon at Wikimedia Commons
  •   Data related to Chaetodon at Wikispecies

April 18, 2024
chaetodon, tropical, fish, genus, family, tidae, like, their, relatives, they, known, butterflyfish, this, genus, largest, among, tidae, with, about, living, species, included, here, though, most, might, warrant, recognition, distinct, genera, temporal, range,. Chaetodon is a tropical fish genus in the family Chaetodontidae Like their relatives they are known as butterflyfish This genus is by far the largest among the Chaetodontidae with about 90 living species included here 1 though most might warrant recognition as distinct genera ChaetodonTemporal range 28 0 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Late Oligocene Recent Foureye butterflyfish C capistratusthe type species of Chaetodon Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class Actinopterygii Order Perciformes Family Chaetodontidae Genus ChaetodonLinnaeus 1758 Type species Chaetodon capistratusLinnaeus 1758 Subgenera Chaetodon Linnaeus 1758 Citharoedus Kaup 1860 non Herrmannsen 1847 preoccupied Corallochaetodon Burgess 1978 Discochaetodon Nalbant 1971 Exornator Nalbant 1971 Gonochaetodon Bleeker 1876 Lepidochaetodon Bleeker 1876 Megaprotodon Guichenot 1848 Rabdophorus Swainson 1839 Rhombochaetodon Burgess 1978 disputed Tetrachaetodon Weber amp Beaufort 1936 and see text Synonyms Aspilurochaetodon Mauge amp Bauchot 1984 Burgessius Mauge amp Bauchot 1984 Chaetodontops Bleeker 1876 Heterochaetodon Mauge amp Bauchot 1984 Roaops Mauge amp Bauchot 1984 Tifia Jordan in Jordan amp Jordan 1922 Contents 1 Species 1 1 Chaetodon sensu stricto 1 2 C robustus group 1 3 Lepidochaetodon group 1 4 Megaprotodon group 1 5 Rabdophorus group 1 6 Incertae sedis 2 Proposed subgenera 3 Fossil record 4 Footnotes 5 References 6 External linksSpecies editThere are currently 87 recognized species in this genus 2 Chaetodon sensu stricto edit Chaetodon capistratus Linnaeus 1758 Foureye butterflyfish Chaetodon ocellatus Bloch 1787 Spotfin butterflyfish Chaetodon striatus Linnaeus 1758 Banded butterflyfish C robustus group edit Chaetodon hoefleri Steindachner 1881 Four banded butterflyfish Chaetodon robustus Gunther 1860 Three banded butterflyfish Lepidochaetodon group edit nbsp Spotband butterflyfishChaetodon Exornator punctatofasciatus nbsp Peppered butterflyfishChaetodon Exornator guttatissimus nbsp Fourspot butterflyfishChaetodon Exornator quadrimaculatus nbsp Teardrop butterflyfishChaetodon Lepidochaetodon unimaculatus nbsp Seychelles butterflyfishChaetodon Rhombochaetodon madagaskariensis nbsp BrownburnieChaetodon Rhombochaetodon blackburnii nbsp A group of Yellow teardrop butterflyfishChaetodon Lepidochaetodon interruptus Subgenus Exornator including Burgessius Heterochaetodon and possibly Rhombochaetodon tentatively placed here Chaetodon citrinellus G Cuvier 1831 Speckled butterflyfish Citron butterflyfish Chaetodon dolosus C G E Ahl 1923 African butterflyfish Chaetodon guentheri C G E Ahl 1923 Crochet butterflyfish Chaetodon guttatissimus E T Bennett 1833 Peppered butterflyfish Chaetodon miliaris Quoy amp Gaimard 1825 Millet butterflyfish Chaetodon multicinctus A Garrett 1863 Pebbled butterflyfish Chaetodon pelewensis Kner 1868 Sunset butterflyfish Chaetodon punctatofasciatus G Cuvier 1831 Spotband butterflyfish Chaetodon quadrimaculatus J E Gray 1831 Fourspot butterflyfish Chaetodon sedentarius Poey 1860 Reef butterflyfish Subgenus Lepidochaetodon including Tifia Chaetodon daedalma D S Jordan amp Fowler 1902 Wrought iron butterflyfish tentatively placed here Chaetodon interruptus C G E Ahl 1923 Yellow teardrop butterflyfish Chaetodon kleinii Bloch 1790 Sunburst butterflyfish black lipped butterflyfish Klein s butterflyfish Chaetodon litus J E Randall amp D K Caldwell 1973 Easter Island butterflyfish tentatively placed here Chaetodon nippon Steindachner amp Doderlein de 1883 Japanese butterflyfish tentatively placed here Chaetodon smithi J E Randall 1975 Smith s butterflyfish tentatively placed here Chaetodon trichrous Gunther 1874 Tahiti butterflyfish Chaetodon unimaculatus Bloch 1787 Teardrop butterflyfish Subgenus Rhombochaetodon including Roaops might belong in Exornator tentatively placed here Chaetodon argentatus H M Smith amp Radcliffe 1911 Asian butterflyfish Chaetodon blackburnii Desjardins 1836 Brownburnie tentatively placed here Chaetodon burgessi G R Allen amp Starck 1973 Burgess butterflyfish Chaetodon declivis J E Randall 1975 Marquesas butterflyfish tentatively placed here Chaetodon flavocoronatus R F Myers 1980 Yellow crowned butterflyfish tentatively placed here Chaetodon fremblii E T Bennett 1828 Blue striped butterflyfish Chaetodon madagaskariensis C G E Ahl 1923 Seychelles butterflyfish Chaetodon mertensii G Cuvier 1831 Atoll butterflyfish Chaetodon mitratus Gunther 1860 Indian butterflyfish tentatively placed here Chaetodon paucifasciatus C G E Ahl 1923 Eritrean butterflyfish Crown butterflyfish Chaetodon tinkeri L P Schultz 1951 Hawaiian butterflyfish tentatively placed here Chaetodon xanthurus Bleeker 1857 Pearlscale butterflyfish Philippines chevron butterflyfish yellow tailed butterflyfish Megaprotodon group edit nbsp Ornate butterflyfishChaetodon Citharoedus ornatissimus nbsp Mailed butterflyfishChaetodon Citharoedus reticulatus nbsp Blacktail butterflyfishChaetodon Corallochaetodon austriacus nbsp Oval butterflyfishChaetodon Corallochaetodon lunulatus nbsp Eightband butterflyfishChaetodon Discochaetodon octofasciatus nbsp Eastern triangular butterflyfishChaetodon Gonochaetodon baronessa nbsp Chevron butterflyfishChaetodon Megaprotodon trifascialis nbsp Mirror butterflyfishChaetodon Tetrachaetodon speculum nbsp Zanzibar butterflyfishChaetodon Tetrachaetodon zanzibarensis Subgenus Citharoedus tentatively placed here Chaetodon meyeri Bloch amp J G Schneider 1801 Scrawled butterflyfish Chaetodon ornatissimus G Cuvier 1831 Ornate butterflyfish Chaetodon reticulatus G Cuvier 1831 Mailed butterflyfish Subgenus Corallochaetodon tentatively placed here Chaetodon austriacus Ruppell 1836 Blacktail butterflyfish exquisite butterflyfish Chaetodon lunulatus Quoy amp Gaimard 1825 Oval butterflyfish red finned butterflyfish Chaetodon melapterus Guichenot 1863 Arabian butterflyfish tentatively placed here Chaetodon trifasciatus M Park 1797 Melon butterflyfish Subgenus Discochaetodon Chaetodon aureofasciatus W J Macleay 1878 Golden butterflyfish Chaetodon octofasciatus Bloch 1787 Eightband butterflyfish Chaetodon rainfordi McCulloch 1923 Rainford s butterflyfish Chaetodon tricinctus Waite 1901 Three striped butterflyfish tentatively placed here Subgenus Gonochaetodon tentatively placed here nbsp Chaetodon triangulum Chaetodon baronessa G Cuvier 1829 Eastern triangular butterflyfish Chaetodon larvatus G Cuvier 1831 Hooded butterflyfish Chaetodon triangulum G Cuvier 1831 Triangle butterflyfish Subgenus Megaprotodon Chaetodon trifascialis Quoy amp Gaimard 1825 Chevron Butterflyfish Triangulate butterflyfish V lined butterflyfish Subgenus Tetrachaetodon Chaetodon andamanensis Kuiter amp Debelius de 1999 Andaman butterflyfish tentatively placed here Chaetodon bennetti G Cuvier 1831 Bluelashed butterflyfish Chaetodon plebeius G Cuvier 1831 Blue blotched butterflyfish Chaetodon speculum G Cuvier 1831 Mirror butterflyfish Chaetodon zanzibarensis Playfair fr 1867 Zanzibar butterflyfish Rabdophorus group edit Including Aspilurochaetodon Chaetodontops nbsp Threadfin butterflyfishChaetodon Rabdophorus auriga nbsp Blackwedged butterflyfishChaetodon Rabdophorus falcula nbsp Blackback butterflyfishChaetodon Rabdophorus melannotus nbsp Lined butterflyfishChaetodon Rabdophorus lineolatus nbsp Redtail butterflyfishChaetodon Rabdophorus collare nbsp Black butterflyfishChaetodon Rabdophorus flavirostris nbsp Bluecheek butterflyfishChaetodon Rabdophorus semilarvatus nbsp Saddle butterflyfishChaetodon Rabdophorus ephippium Chaetodon adiergastos Seale 1910 Philippine butterflyfish Chaetodon auriga Forsskal 1775 Threadfin butterflyfish Chaetodon auripes D S Jordan amp Snyder 1901 Oriental butterflyfish tentatively placed here Chaetodon collare Bloch 1787 Redtail butterflyfish Pakistani butterflyfish Chaetodon decussatus G Cuvier 1829 Indian vagabond butterflyfish Chaetodon ephippium G Cuvier 1831 Saddle butterflyfish Chaetodon falcula Bloch 1795 Blackwedged butterflyfish Chaetodon fasciatus Forsskal 1775 Diagonal butterflyfish Red Sea raccoon butterflyfish Chaetodon flavirostris Gunther 1874 Black butterflyfish Chaetodon gardineri Norman 1939 Gardner s butterflyfish tentatively placed here Chaetodon leucopleura Playfair 1867 Somali butterflyfish tentatively placed here Chaetodon lineolatus G Cuvier 1831 Lined butterflyfish Chaetodon lunula Lacepede 1802 Raccoon butterflyfish Crescent masked butterflyfish lunule butterflyfish Chaetodon melannotus Bloch amp J G Schneider 1801 Blackback butterflyfish Chaetodon mesoleucos Forsskal 1775 White faced butterflyfish Chaetodon nigropunctatus Sauvage 1880 Black spotted butterflyfish tentatively placed here Chaetodon ocellicaudus G Cuvier 1831 Spot tail butterflyfish Chaetodon oxycephalus Bleeker 1853 Spot naped butterflyfish Chaetodon pictus Forsskal 1775 Horseshoe butterflyfish Chaetodon rafflesii Anonymous Bennett 1830 Latticed butterflyfish Chaetodon selene Bleeker 1853 Yellow dotted butterflyfish Chaetodon semeion Bleeker 1855 Dotted butterflyfish Chaetodon semilarvatus G Cuvier 1831 Bluecheek butterflyfish Chaetodon ulietensis G Cuvier 1831 Pacific double saddle butterflyfish false falcula butterflyfish Chaetodon vagabundus Linnaeus 1758 Vagabond butterflyfish Chaetodon wiebeli Kaup 1863 Hong Kong butterflyfish Chaetodon xanthocephalus E T Bennett 1833 Yellowhead butterflyfish tentatively placed here Incertae sedis edit Most are probably either Chaetodon sensu stricto or C robustus group Chaetodon assarius Waite 1905 West Australian butterflyfish Chaetodon dialeucos Salm amp Mee 1989 Oman butterflyfish Chaetodon humeralis Gunther 1860 Chaetodon marleyi Regan 1921 Doublesash butterflyfish Chaetodon sanctaehelenae Gunther 1868 Saint Helena butterflyfish Proposed subgenera editSeveral subgenera have been proposed for splitting out of this group It is becoming clear how the genus might be split up with a range 3 4 of DNA sequence data in large parts agreeing with S D Blum s landmark 1988 phylogenetic assessment of osteology 5 Basically a core group around the type species Chaetodon capistratus would remain in Chaetodon while maybe four clades would be split off These could use the names Lepidochaetodon Megaprotodon and Rabdophorus and there is one unnamed group containing the three banded butterflyfish C robustus and its relatives But the monophyly of the Lepidochaetodon group is not fully established it is both unclear whether Rhombochaetodon is a lineage distinct from Exornator and whether Lepidochaetodon is indeed closer to these than to any other Chaetodon particularly to some lineages otherwise placed in Megaprotodon 3 Prognathodes for some time contained in Chaetodon is worthy of recognition as full genus as is Roa 6 Historically more distantly related fish were placed in Chaetodon too for resembling them in details e g the common scat Scatophagus argus which has a similar shape and size as well as armored larvae like the Chaetodontidae or simply because they are colorful smallish and unusual looking e g the quite unrelated paradise fish as C chinensis The classification proposed in Fessler and Westneat is based on the species of Chaetodon they sampled and these sorted into the following clades 3 Clade 1 Chaetodon robustus Chaetodon hoefleri Clade 2 Chaetodon kleini Chaetodon unimaculatus Chaetodon fremblii Chaetodon burgessi Chaetodon xanthurus Chaetodon paucifasciatus Chaetodon mertensi Chaetodon quadrimaculatus Chaetodon citrinellus Chaetodon multicinctus Chaetodon punctatofasciatus Chaetodon pelewensis Chaetodon sedentarius Chaetodon dolosus Chaetodon miliaris Chaetodon guentheri Clade 3 Chaetodon austriacus Chaetodon trifasciatus Chaetodon ornatissimus Chaetodon reticularis Chaetodon meyeri Chaetodon larvatus Chaetodon baronessa Chaetodon trifascialis Chaetodon rainfordi Chaetodon octofasciatus Chaetodon bennetti Chaetodon plebius Chaetodon speculum Chaetodon zanzibarensis Clade 4 Chaetodon ocellatus Chaetodon capistratus Chaetodon striatus Chaetodon semeion Chaetodon ephippium Chaetodon selene Chaetodon melannotus Chaetodon ocellicaudus Chaetodon rafflesi Chaetodon auriga Chaetodon vagabundus Chaetodon collare Chaetodon adiergastos Chaetodon fasciatus Chaetodon lunula Chaetodon semilarvatus Chaetodon lineolatus Chaetodon oxycephalus Chaetodon falcula Chaetodon ulietensisFossil record edit nbsp Fossil of Chaetodon species The oldest fossils that are usually assigned to Chaetodon date from the late Oligocene about 25 million years ago But since it is not easy to distinguish this genus from close relatives it may be that the Oligocene fossils are actually of other Chaetodontidae The fossil record of this family is scant indeed only Chelmon or some similar genus like Chelmonops or Coradion being known from Miocene remains As even crude molecular clocks suggest that the ancestors of the Chaetodon and the Chelmops lineage diverged in the Late Eocene already nothing more can be said without new fossils being discovered 7 8 Footnotes edit FishBase 2006 Froese Rainer and Pauly Daniel eds 2013 Species of Chaetodon in FishBase February 2013 version a b c Fessler Jennifer L Westneat Mark W 2007 Molecular phylogenetics of the butterflyfishes Chaetodontidae Taxonomy and biogeography of a global coral reef fish family Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 45 1 50 68 doi 10 1016 j ympev 2007 05 018 Hsu Kui Ching Chen Jeng Ping amp Shao Kwang Tsao 2007 Molecular phylogeny of Chaetodon Teleostei Chaetodontidae in the Indo West Pacific evolution in geminate species pairs and species groups PDF Raffles Bulletin of Zoology Supplement 14 77 86 Archived from the original PDF on 2007 08 11 Retrieved 2008 09 02 Blum 1988 Kuiter R H 2004 Description of a new species of butterflyfish Roa australis from northwestern Australia Pisces Perciformes Chaetodontidae Records of the Australian Museum v 56 no 2 167 171 Sepkoski 2002 Fessler amp Westneat 2007 Paleobiology DatabaseReferences editBlum S D 1988 Osteology and Phylogeny of the Chaetodontidae Pisces Perciformes University of Hawaii Honolulu Fessler Jennifer L amp Westneat Mark W 2007 Molecular phylogenetics of the butterflyfishes Chaetodontidae Taxonomy and biogeography of a global coral reef fish family Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 45 1 50 68 doi 10 1016 j ympev 2007 05 018 Hsu Kui Ching Chen Jeng Ping amp Shao Kwang Tsao 2007 Molecular phylogeny of Chaetodon Teleostei Chaetodontidae in the Indo West Pacific evolution in geminate species pairs and species groups Raffles Bulletin of Zoology Supplement 14 77 86 PDF fulltext Sepkoski Jack 2002 Chaetodon In A compendium of fossil marine animal genera Bulletins of American Paleontology 364 560 HTML database excerptExternal links edit nbsp Media related to Chaetodon at Wikimedia Commons nbsp Data related to Chaetodon at Wikispecies Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Chaetodon amp oldid 1180594403, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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