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Kniphofia

October 19, 2023

"Red hot poker" redirects here. For the implement, see Fire iron.

Kniphofia (/nɪpˈhoʊfiə/,[2] /nɪˈfoʊfiə/[3]) is a genus of perennial flowering plants in the family Asphodelaceae, first described as a genus in 1794.[4] The species are native to Africa. Common names include tritoma, red hot poker, torch lily and poker plant.

Kniphofia
Kniphofia uvaria
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Asphodelaceae
Subfamily: Asphodeloideae
Genus: Kniphofia
Moench
Synonyms[1]
  • Tritoma Ker Gawl.
  • Triocles Salisb.
  • Tritomanthe Link
  • Tritomium Link
  • Rudolpho-roemeria Steud. ex Hochst.
  • Triclissa Salisb.
  • Notosceptrum Benth.

Description Edit

The genus has herbaceous and evergreen species. The herbaceous species and hybrids have narrow, grass-like leaves 10–100 cm (4–39 in) long, while evergreen species have broader, strap-shaped foliage up to 1.5 m (5 ft) long. All plants produce spikes of upright, brightly coloured flowers well above the foliage, in shades of red, orange and yellow, often bicoloured.[5] The flowers produce copious nectar while blooming and are attractive to bees and sunbirds. In the New World, they may attract nectarivores such as hummingbirds and New World orioles.

Etymology Edit

The genus Kniphofia is named after Johann Hieronymus Kniphof, an 18th-century German physician and botanist.

Species Edit

There are about 73 described species, including two hybrids.[1][6]

  1. Kniphofia acraea Codd - Cape Provinces of South Africa
  2. Kniphofia albescens Codd - Mpumalanga, KwaZulu-Natal
  3. Kniphofia albomontana Baijnath - Lesotho, South Africa
  4. Kniphofia angustifolia (Baker) Codd - KwaZulu-Natal
  5. Kniphofia ankaratrensis Baker - Madagascar
  6. Kniphofia baurii Baker - KwaZulu-Natal, Cape Provinces
  7. Kniphofia benguellensis Welw. ex Baker - Angola, Zambia
  8. Kniphofia bequaertii De Wild. - Zaire, Tanzania, Burundi, Rwanda, Uganda
  9. Kniphofia brachystachya (Zahlbr.) Codd - Lesotho, KwaZulu-Natal, Cape Provinces
  10. Kniphofia breviflora Harv. ex Baker - KwaZulu-Natal, Free State
  11. Kniphofia bruceae (Codd) Codd - Cape Province
  12. Kniphofia buchananii Baker - KwaZulu-Natal
  13. Kniphofia caulescens Baker - Lesotho, KwaZulu-Natal, Cape Province, Free State
  14. Kniphofia citrina Baker - Cape Province
  15. Kniphofia coddiana Cufod. - KwaZulu-Natal, Cape Province
  16. Kniphofia coralligemma E.A.Bruce - Limpopo
  17. Kniphofia crassifolia Baker - Limpopo
  18. Kniphofia drepanophylla Baker - KwaZulu-Natal, Cape Provinces
  19. Kniphofia dubia De Wild - Zaire, Tanzania, Zambia, Angola
  20. Kniphofia ensifolia Baker - South Africa
  21. Kniphofia × erythraeae Fiori - Eritrea (K. pumila × K. schimperi)
  22. Kniphofia evansii Baker - KwaZulu-Natal
  23. Kniphofia fibrosa Baker - KwaZulu-Natal, Cape Provinces
  24. Kniphofia flammula Codd - KwaZulu-Natal
  25. Kniphofia fluviatilis Codd - South Africa
  26. Kniphofia foliosa Hochst. - Ethiopia
  27. Kniphofia galpinii Baker - KwaZulu-Natal, Eswatini, Mpumalanga
  28. Kniphofia goetzei Engl. - Tanzania
  29. Kniphofia gracilis Harv. ex Baker - KwaZulu-Natal, Cape Provinces
  30. Kniphofia grantii Baker - Zaire, Tanzania, Zambia, Rwanda, Burundi, Uganda, Malawi
  31. Kniphofia hildebrandtii Cufod. - Ethiopia
  32. Kniphofia hirsuta Codd - Lesotho, Cape Provinces
  33. Kniphofia ichopensis Schinz - KwaZulu-Natal
  34. Kniphofia insignis Rendle - Ethiopia
  35. Kniphofia isoetifolia Hochst. - Ethiopia
  36. Kniphofia latifolia Codd - KwaZulu-Natal
  37. Kniphofia laxiflora Kunth - KwaZulu-Natal, Cape Provinces
  38. Kniphofia leucocephala Baijnath - KwaZulu-Natal
  39. Kniphofia linearifolia Baker - Malawi, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Lesotho, Eswatini, South Africa
  40. Kniphofia littoralis Codd - KwaZulu-Natal
  41. Kniphofia marungensis Lisowski & Wiland - Zaire
  42. Kniphofia mulanjeana S.Blackmore - Mt. Mulanje in Malawi
  43. Kniphofia multiflora J.M.Wood & M.S.Evans - Eswatini, South Africa
  44. Kniphofia nana Marais - Zaire
  45. Kniphofia northiae Baker - KwaZulu-Natal, Cape Provinces
  46. Kniphofia nubigena Mildbr. - Sudan
  47. Kniphofia pallidiflora Baker - Massif de l' Ankaratra in Madagascar
  48. Kniphofia paludosa Engl - Elton Plateau in Tanzania
  49. Kniphofia parviflora Kunth - KwaZulu-Natal, Cape Provinces
  50. Kniphofia pauciflora Baker - KwaZulu-Natal
  51. Kniphofia porphyrantha Baker - Lesotho, Eswatini, South Africa
  52. Kniphofia × praecox Baker - Cape Provinces (K. bruceae × K. uvaria)
  53. Kniphofia princeae (A.Berger) Marais - Zaire, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, Malawi
  54. Kniphofia pumila (Aiton) Kunth - Zaire, Kenya, Uganda, South Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea
  55. Kniphofia reflexa Hutch. ex Codd - Nigeria, Cameroon (endangered)[7]
  56. Kniphofia reynoldsii Codd - Tanzania, Zambia
  57. Kniphofia rigidifolia E.A.Bruce - Mpumalanga
  58. Kniphofia ritualis Codd - Free State, Lesotho, KwaZulu-Natal
  59. Kniphofia rooperi (T.Moore) Lem. - KwaZulu-Natal, Cape Provinces
  60. Kniphofia sarmentosa (Andrews) Kunth - Cape Provinces
  61. Kniphofia schimperi Baker - Ethiopia, Eritrea
  62. Kniphofia splendida E.A.Bruce - Malawi, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, northeastern South Africa, Eswatini
  63. Kniphofia stricta Codd - Cape Provinces, Lesotho
  64. Kniphofia sumarae Deflers - Ibb Mountains of Yemen
  65. Kniphofia tabularis Marloth - Cape Provinces
  66. Kniphofia thodei Baker - Lesotho, KwaZulu-Natal
  67. Kniphofia thomsonii Baker - Zaire, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Ethiopia
  68. Kniphofia triangularis Kunth - Lesotho, South Africa
  69. Kniphofia typhoides Codd - Limpopo, KwaZulu-Natal, Free State, Mpumalanga
  70. Kniphofia tysonii Baker - KwaZulu-Natal, Cape Provinces, Eswatini
  71. Kniphofia umbrina Codd - Eswatini
  72. Kniphofia uvaria (L.) Oken - Cape Provinces; naturalized in Mexico, North Carolina, Spain, Oregon, Turkey, Washington State, St. Helena, California
  73. Kniphofia vandeweghei Fischer & Ackermann - Rwanda

Cultivation Edit

Several species of Kniphofia are cultivated as garden plants, valued for their architectural properties. These include K. galpini, K. northiae, K. rooperi and K. thomsonii.

In addition to the species, many named cultivars of mixed or uncertain parentage have been selected for garden use. The following have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit:-[8]

  • 'Barton Fever' [9] (orange-white, 100 cm)
  • 'Bees' Sunset' [10] (yellow, 90 cm)
  • 'Brimstone' [11] (sulphur yellow, 90 cm)
  • 'Buttercup' [12] (clear yellow, 75 cm)
  • 'Coral Flame' [13] (coral red, 90 cm)
  • 'Fiery Fred' [14] (orange, 130 cm)
  • 'Incandesce' [15] (orange, 140 cm)
  • 'Innocence' [16] (red-yellow, 110 cm)
  • 'Jonathan' [17] (red-orange, 130 cm)
  • 'Moonstone' [18] (yellow, 120 cm)
  • 'Nobilis' [19] (evergreen, orange and yellow, 150 cm+)
  • 'Penny Rockets' [20] (orange, 100 cm)
  • 'Primrose Upward' [21] (yellow, 115 cm)
  • 'Rich Echoes' [22] (orange-yellow, 120 cm)
  • 'Royal Standard' [23] (red and yellow, 90 cm)
  • 'Safranvogel' [24] (peach pink, 80 cm)
  • 'Samuel's Sensation' [25] (red-yellow, 150 cm)
  • 'Sunningdale Yellow' [26] (orange and yellow, 60 cm)
  • 'Tawny King' [27] (cream/brown, 120 cm)
  • 'Timothy' [28] (orange, 100 cm)
  • 'Toffee Nosed' [29] (cream/brown, 100 cm)
  • 'Wrexham Buttercup' [30] (yellow, 120 cm)

Gallery Edit

See also Edit

References Edit

  1. ^ a b Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  2. ^ Sunset Western Garden Book, 1995:606–607
  3. ^ Wells, John C. (2008). Longman Pronunciation Dictionary (3rd ed.). Longman. ISBN 978-1-4058-8118-0.
  4. ^ Stevens, P.F., Angiosperm Phylogeny Website: Asparagales: Asphodeloideae
  5. ^ RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136. ISBN 978-1405332965.
  6. ^ "A New Species of Kniphofia from Nyungwe National Park, Rwanda". Novataxa. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
  7. ^ "Kniphofia reflexa". Redlist.org. Retrieved 2012-05-13.
  8. ^ "AGM Plants - Ornamental" (PDF). Royal Horticultural Society. July 2017. p. 57. Retrieved 14 March 2018.
  9. ^ "Kniphofia 'Barton Fever'". RHS. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
  10. ^ "Kniphofia 'Bees' Sunset'". RHS. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
  11. ^ "Kniphofia 'Brimstone'". RHS. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
  12. ^ "Kniphofia 'Buttercup'". RHS. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
  13. ^ "Kniphofia 'Coral Flame'". RHS. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
  14. ^ "Kniphofia 'Fiery Fred'". RHS. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
  15. ^ "Kniphofia 'Incandesce'". RHS. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
  16. ^ "Kniphofia 'Innocence'". RHS. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
  17. ^ "Kniphofia 'Jonathan'". RHS. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
  18. ^ "Kniphofia 'Moonstone'". RHS. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
  19. ^ "Kniphofia 'Nobilis'". RHS. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
  20. ^ "Kniphofia 'Penny Rockets'". RHS. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
  21. ^ "Kniphofia 'Primrose Upward'". RHS. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
  22. ^ "Kniphofia 'Rich Echoes'". RHS. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
  23. ^ "Kniphofia 'Royal Standard'". RHS. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
  24. ^ "Kniphofia 'Safranvogel'". RHS. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
  25. ^ "Kniphofia 'Samuel's Sensation'". RHS. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
  26. ^ "Kniphofia 'Sunningdale Yellow'". RHS. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
  27. ^ "Kniphofia 'Tawny King'". RHS. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
  28. ^ "Kniphofia 'Timothy'". RHS. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
  29. ^ "Kniphofia 'Toffee Nosed'". RHS. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
  30. ^ "Kniphofia 'Wrexham Buttercup'". RHS. Retrieved 27 September 2020.

External links Edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kniphofia.
  • Dressler, S.; Schmidt, M. & Zizka, G. (2014). "Kniphofia". African plants – a Photo Guide. Frankfurt/Main: Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg.

October 19, 2023
kniphofia, poker, redirects, here, implement, fire, iron, genus, perennial, flowering, plants, family, asphodelaceae, first, described, genus, 1794, species, native, africa, common, names, include, tritoma, poker, torch, lily, poker, plant, uvariascientific, c. Red hot poker redirects here For the implement see Fire iron Kniphofia n ɪ p ˈ h oʊ f i e 2 n ɪ ˈ f oʊ f i e 3 is a genus of perennial flowering plants in the family Asphodelaceae first described as a genus in 1794 4 The species are native to Africa Common names include tritoma red hot poker torch lily and poker plant KniphofiaKniphofia uvariaScientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade AngiospermsClade MonocotsOrder AsparagalesFamily AsphodelaceaeSubfamily AsphodeloideaeGenus KniphofiaMoenchSynonyms 1 Tritoma Ker Gawl Triocles Salisb Tritomanthe Link Tritomium Link Rudolpho roemeria Steud ex Hochst Triclissa Salisb Notosceptrum Benth Contents 1 Description 2 Etymology 3 Species 4 Cultivation 5 Gallery 6 See also 7 References 8 External linksDescription EditThe genus has herbaceous and evergreen species The herbaceous species and hybrids have narrow grass like leaves 10 100 cm 4 39 in long while evergreen species have broader strap shaped foliage up to 1 5 m 5 ft long All plants produce spikes of upright brightly coloured flowers well above the foliage in shades of red orange and yellow often bicoloured 5 The flowers produce copious nectar while blooming and are attractive to bees and sunbirds In the New World they may attract nectarivores such as hummingbirds and New World orioles Etymology EditThe genus Kniphofia is named after Johann Hieronymus Kniphof an 18th century German physician and botanist Species EditThere are about 73 described species including two hybrids 1 6 Kniphofia acraea Codd Cape Provinces of South Africa Kniphofia albescens Codd Mpumalanga KwaZulu Natal Kniphofia albomontana Baijnath Lesotho South Africa Kniphofia angustifolia Baker Codd KwaZulu Natal Kniphofia ankaratrensis Baker Madagascar Kniphofia baurii Baker KwaZulu Natal Cape Provinces Kniphofia benguellensis Welw ex Baker Angola Zambia Kniphofia bequaertii De Wild Zaire Tanzania Burundi Rwanda Uganda Kniphofia brachystachya Zahlbr Codd Lesotho KwaZulu Natal Cape Provinces Kniphofia breviflora Harv ex Baker KwaZulu Natal Free State Kniphofia bruceae Codd Codd Cape Province Kniphofia buchananii Baker KwaZulu Natal Kniphofia caulescens Baker Lesotho KwaZulu Natal Cape Province Free State Kniphofia citrina Baker Cape Province Kniphofia coddiana Cufod KwaZulu Natal Cape Province Kniphofia coralligemma E A Bruce Limpopo Kniphofia crassifolia Baker Limpopo Kniphofia drepanophylla Baker KwaZulu Natal Cape Provinces Kniphofia dubia De Wild Zaire Tanzania Zambia Angola Kniphofia ensifolia Baker South Africa Kniphofia erythraeae Fiori Eritrea K pumila K schimperi Kniphofia evansii Baker KwaZulu Natal Kniphofia fibrosa Baker KwaZulu Natal Cape Provinces Kniphofia flammula Codd KwaZulu Natal Kniphofia fluviatilis Codd South Africa Kniphofia foliosa Hochst Ethiopia Kniphofia galpinii Baker KwaZulu Natal Eswatini Mpumalanga Kniphofia goetzei Engl Tanzania Kniphofia gracilis Harv ex Baker KwaZulu Natal Cape Provinces Kniphofia grantii Baker Zaire Tanzania Zambia Rwanda Burundi Uganda Malawi Kniphofia hildebrandtii Cufod Ethiopia Kniphofia hirsuta Codd Lesotho Cape Provinces Kniphofia ichopensis Schinz KwaZulu Natal Kniphofia insignis Rendle Ethiopia Kniphofia isoetifolia Hochst Ethiopia Kniphofia latifolia Codd KwaZulu Natal Kniphofia laxiflora Kunth KwaZulu Natal Cape Provinces Kniphofia leucocephala Baijnath KwaZulu Natal Kniphofia linearifolia Baker Malawi Mozambique Zimbabwe Lesotho Eswatini South Africa Kniphofia littoralis Codd KwaZulu Natal Kniphofia marungensis Lisowski amp Wiland Zaire Kniphofia mulanjeana S Blackmore Mt Mulanje in Malawi Kniphofia multiflora J M Wood amp M S Evans Eswatini South Africa Kniphofia nana Marais Zaire Kniphofia northiae Baker KwaZulu Natal Cape Provinces Kniphofia nubigena Mildbr Sudan Kniphofia pallidiflora Baker Massif de l Ankaratra in Madagascar Kniphofia paludosa Engl Elton Plateau in Tanzania Kniphofia parviflora Kunth KwaZulu Natal Cape Provinces Kniphofia pauciflora Baker KwaZulu Natal Kniphofia porphyrantha Baker Lesotho Eswatini South Africa Kniphofia praecox Baker Cape Provinces K bruceae K uvaria Kniphofia princeae A Berger Marais Zaire Tanzania Uganda Rwanda Malawi Kniphofia pumila Aiton Kunth Zaire Kenya Uganda South Sudan Ethiopia Eritrea Kniphofia reflexa Hutch ex Codd Nigeria Cameroon endangered 7 Kniphofia reynoldsii Codd Tanzania Zambia Kniphofia rigidifolia E A Bruce Mpumalanga Kniphofia ritualis Codd Free State Lesotho KwaZulu Natal Kniphofia rooperi T Moore Lem KwaZulu Natal Cape Provinces Kniphofia sarmentosa Andrews Kunth Cape Provinces Kniphofia schimperi Baker Ethiopia Eritrea Kniphofia splendida E A Bruce Malawi Mozambique Zimbabwe northeastern South Africa Eswatini Kniphofia stricta Codd Cape Provinces Lesotho Kniphofia sumarae Deflers Ibb Mountains of Yemen Kniphofia tabularis Marloth Cape Provinces Kniphofia thodei Baker Lesotho KwaZulu Natal Kniphofia thomsonii Baker Zaire Kenya Uganda Tanzania Ethiopia Kniphofia triangularis Kunth Lesotho South Africa Kniphofia typhoides Codd Limpopo KwaZulu Natal Free State Mpumalanga Kniphofia tysonii Baker KwaZulu Natal Cape Provinces Eswatini Kniphofia umbrina Codd Eswatini Kniphofia uvaria L Oken Cape Provinces naturalized in Mexico North Carolina Spain Oregon Turkey Washington State St Helena California Kniphofia vandeweghei Fischer amp Ackermann RwandaCultivation EditSeveral species of Kniphofia are cultivated as garden plants valued for their architectural properties These include K galpini K northiae K rooperi and K thomsonii In addition to the species many named cultivars of mixed or uncertain parentage have been selected for garden use The following have gained the Royal Horticultural Society s Award of Garden Merit 8 Barton Fever 9 orange white 100 cm Bees Sunset 10 yellow 90 cm Brimstone 11 sulphur yellow 90 cm Buttercup 12 clear yellow 75 cm Coral Flame 13 coral red 90 cm Fiery Fred 14 orange 130 cm Incandesce 15 orange 140 cm Innocence 16 red yellow 110 cm Jonathan 17 red orange 130 cm Moonstone 18 yellow 120 cm Nobilis 19 evergreen orange and yellow 150 cm Penny Rockets 20 orange 100 cm Primrose Upward 21 yellow 115 cm Rich Echoes 22 orange yellow 120 cm Royal Standard 23 red and yellow 90 cm Safranvogel 24 peach pink 80 cm Samuel s Sensation 25 red yellow 150 cm Sunningdale Yellow 26 orange and yellow 60 cm Tawny King 27 cream brown 120 cm Timothy 28 orange 100 cm Toffee Nosed 29 cream brown 100 cm Wrexham Buttercup 30 yellow 120 cm Gallery Edit nbsp Kniphofia planted near Canary Wharf in London nbsp Kniphofia Shenandoah nbsp Kniphofia uvaria nbsp Kniphofia along the Ohlone Greenway trail in El Cerrito California nbsp Terete raceme of Kniphofia shown together with a cross section of a peduncle A Inflorescence B Terete peduncle C Cross section of a terete peduncleSee also EditList of plants known as lilyReferences Edit a b Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families Sunset Western Garden Book 1995 606 607 Wells John C 2008 Longman Pronunciation Dictionary 3rd ed Longman ISBN 978 1 4058 8118 0 Stevens P F Angiosperm Phylogeny Website Asparagales Asphodeloideae RHS A Z encyclopedia of garden plants United Kingdom Dorling Kindersley 2008 p 1136 ISBN 978 1405332965 A New Species of Kniphofia from Nyungwe National Park Rwanda Novataxa Retrieved 11 February 2019 Kniphofia reflexa Redlist org Retrieved 2012 05 13 AGM Plants Ornamental PDF Royal Horticultural Society July 2017 p 57 Retrieved 14 March 2018 Kniphofia Barton Fever RHS Retrieved 27 September 2020 Kniphofia Bees Sunset RHS Retrieved 27 September 2020 Kniphofia Brimstone RHS Retrieved 27 September 2020 Kniphofia Buttercup RHS Retrieved 27 September 2020 Kniphofia Coral Flame RHS Retrieved 27 September 2020 Kniphofia Fiery Fred RHS Retrieved 27 September 2020 Kniphofia Incandesce RHS Retrieved 27 September 2020 Kniphofia Innocence RHS Retrieved 27 September 2020 Kniphofia Jonathan RHS Retrieved 27 September 2020 Kniphofia Moonstone RHS Retrieved 27 September 2020 Kniphofia Nobilis RHS Retrieved 27 September 2020 Kniphofia Penny Rockets RHS Retrieved 27 September 2020 Kniphofia Primrose Upward RHS Retrieved 27 September 2020 Kniphofia Rich Echoes RHS Retrieved 27 September 2020 Kniphofia Royal Standard RHS Retrieved 27 September 2020 Kniphofia Safranvogel RHS Retrieved 27 September 2020 Kniphofia Samuel s Sensation RHS Retrieved 27 September 2020 Kniphofia Sunningdale Yellow RHS Retrieved 27 September 2020 Kniphofia Tawny King RHS Retrieved 27 September 2020 Kniphofia Timothy RHS Retrieved 27 September 2020 Kniphofia Toffee Nosed RHS Retrieved 27 September 2020 Kniphofia Wrexham Buttercup RHS Retrieved 27 September 2020 External links Edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kniphofia Dressler S Schmidt M amp Zizka G 2014 Kniphofia African plants a Photo Guide Frankfurt Main Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Kniphofia amp oldid 1178711048, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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