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Wikipedia

Personal transporter

November 19, 2023

A personal transporter (also powered transporter,[1] electric rideable, personal light electric vehicle, personal mobility device, etc.) is any of a class of compact, mostly recent (21st century), motorised micromobility vehicle for transporting an individual at speeds that do not normally exceed 25 km/h (16 mph). They include electric skateboards, kick scooters, self-balancing unicycles and Segways, as well as gasoline-fueled motorised scooters or skateboards, typically using two-stroke engines of less than 49 cc (3.0 cu in) displacement.[2][3] Many newer versions use recent advances in vehicle battery and motor-control technologies. They are growing in popularity, and legislators are in the process of determining how these devices should be classified, regulated and accommodated during a period of rapid innovation.

Self-balancing unicycles at 'Paris sans Voiture' (Paris without cars) in 2015

Generally excluded from this legal category are electric bicycles (that are considered to be a type of bicycle); electric motorbikes and scooters (that are treated as a type of motorcycle or moped); and powered mobility aids with 3 or 4 wheels on which the rider sits (which fall within regulations covering powered mobility scooters).[4]

History edit

The first personal transporter was the Autoped, a stand-up scooter with a gasoline engine made from 1915 to 1922. Engine-powered scooters and skateboards reappeared in the 1970s and the 1980s. Twike and Sinclair C5 were 1980s enclosed hybrid velomobiles that also used pedal power.

With the rapid improvements in lithium batteries in the late 1990s and early 2000s, a range of new types of personal transporters appeared, and began to spread into use in urban settings for both recreation and practical transportation.

Dean Kamen applied for his first patent for a 'human transporter', the Segway PT, in 1994.[5] This was followed by other patent applications prior to its product launch in late 2001 and first deliveries to customers early in 2002.[6][7][8]

Trevor Blackwell demonstrated a self-balancing unicycle based on the control-mechanism from a Segway PT in 2004[9][better source needed] for which he published open source designs (see Eunicycle). Focus Designs released the first commercially available self-balancing unicycle (which had a seat) in 2008[10] and in 2010 Shane Chen, an American businessman and founder of Inventist, filed a patent for the more familiar and compact seatless device[11] which his company, Inventis launched in 2011.[12]

Chen then went on to file a patent for a self-balancing scooter in February 2013,[13] and launched a Kickstarter fund-raising campaign in May 2013[14] with multiple companies, mainly in China releasing similar products. 500,000 units from 10 suppliers were recalled from the US market alone in July 2016.[15][16]

Louie Finkle of California is credited[by whom?] with creating the first commercial electric skateboards, offering his first wireless electric skateboard in 1997[17][18] and he filed for a patent in April 1999,[19] though it was not until 2004 that electric motors and batteries had sufficient torque and efficiency to power boards effectively.[17][20] In 2012 ZBoard raised nearly 30 times their target for a balance controlled electric skateboard on Kickstarter,[21] which was well received at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas in January 2013.[22]

In December 2016 The Verge magazine suggested that 2017 would be an "important year" for personal electric vehicles of all sizes.[23] On 14 August 2018, a unicycle manufactured by InMotion caught fire in a British flat. About 1 week later, InMotion issued a statement to discourage customers from buying parallel imports.[24][25] From 1 July 2019 onwards, Singapore enforces the fire safety standard known as "UL 2272"[26] by banning the sales of non-certified products,[27][28] and by publishing a list of legal products.[29]

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    Engine of an Autoped, made 1915–1922

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    Red Twike Active

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    MotoBoard combustion engine skateboard, mid 2010s

Terminology edit

The terminology for these devices is not yet stable (As of 2017) as the media and legislators discuss a rapidly emerging potential class of motor vehicle and its relationship to laws relating to other transport devices, including electric bicycles and mobility aids such as mobility scooters.[23][3] Commonly used terms are used for these new devices include:

Media: rideable,[30][31] electric rideable,[23][32] electric personal transporter, personal electric vehicle,[33] personal transporter[34] portable electric vehicle.[35] portable personal vehicle[36]

Legislative: personal mobility device (Singapore,[37] Australia - Victoria Transport Policy Unit[3]) personal e-mobility device (Underwriters Laboratory),[38] electrically motorized board (California, United States),[39] personal light electric vehicles (European Union),[40] electric personal assistive mobility device (Washington state, United States),[41] powered transporters (UK).[2]

Other languages: Engins de déplacement personnel (French),[42][43] средства индивидуальной мобильности (Russian, lit. 'means of individual mobility').[44]

Types edit

Motorized scooter edit

Main article: Motorized scooter

The earliest example of a motorized scooter, or standing scooter with an internal combustion engine, was the 1915 Autoped, made in the US until 1919 and in Germany until 1922.

Electric standing scooter edit

Main article: Motorized_scooter § E-scooters

An electric standing scooter with a small platform with two or more wheels driven by an electric motor which fold for portability.

Electric skateboard edit

Main article: Electric skateboard

An electric skateboard is an electrically powered skateboard controlled by the rider shifting their weight and in some cases also a hand-held throttle.

Self-balancing scooter edit

See also: Self-balancing scooter

The self-balancing scooter is a category of personal transporter which includes all self-balancing powered portable devices with two parallel wheels; these include the Segway PT, the Segway miniPRO and self-balancing hoverboards.

Electric unicycle edit

Main article: Electric unicycle

An electric unicycle is a single-rider electrically powered unicycle that balances itself automatically using computer-controlled accelerometers, gyroscopes, and a magnetometer.[45]

Hybrids edit

The Onewheel has elements of an electric skateboard (it is powered) and a self-balancing unicycle (it has one wheel).[46]

Concept devices edit

The Honda UNI-CUB and its predecessor the Honda U3-X are concept seated devices that are fully stable that can travel sideways as well as in the forwards/backwards axis.

Technology edit

Batteries edit

Most devices are powered by rechargeable lithium-ion vehicle batteries, and often 18650-size LiFePO
4 batteries controlled by complex battery management systems. Lithium polymer batteries are being tested for higher performance.[47]

Many devices now contain one, or sometimes two, batteries in the 101 to 160 Wh (360 to 580 kJ) range, which fall within the sizes that can be carried on an airline.[48][49] Airlines may restrict carrying some devices due to the earlier product defects.[50] As a rule, every 100 WHours of capacity will provide 6–7 miles of range.[51]

These batteries, which have good energy density, energy-to-mass ratio provide the range, torque, operational life required,[52] unlike the previously available lead–acid, NiMH and NiCad technologies.

Brushless motors edit

Many of these devices use brushless DC electric motors with permanent magnets attached to the moving hub which turns around a fixed armature which offer high efficiency, good speed-torque characteristics and low weight. This motor is often built into the wheel itself, eliminating gears and drive belts.[53] Many devices have a motor in the 250-500 watts range which provides good performance for an adult rider on the flat and on an incline, with sportier models using motors in excess of 1500 Watts.[54]

Brushless DC motors, which often have regenerative braking, also need complex motor controllers.[55]

Use and regulation by country edit

Asia edit

Hong Kong edit

Early 2019 according to secretary Chan, the Government is conducting a "consultation research (顧問研究)".[56] That does not mean that personal transporter is legal. The Transport Department issued a 2015 statement that under the Road Traffic Ordinance, a personal transporter is classified as motor vehicle, since it is mechanically propelled.[57]

Registration and licence is required before any motor vehicle is used on the roads, including private roads. However, since the construction and operation of these motor-driven devices could pose a danger to the users themselves and other road users, they are not appropriate to use on roads, hence they cannot be registered and licensed.[58][59]

According to police statistics, there were 9 complaints, 1 arrest and 1 accident between 5 July and 19 November 2019.[60]

Israel edit

In 2006, the Segway PT was approved for use on sidewalks and other pedestrian designated locations, and on roads without sidewalks, with obstructed sidewalks or sidewalks that lack curb cuts. The user must be over 16 years old. No license is required. The maximum allowed speed is 13.5 km/h (8.4 mph), enforced by electronic restriction put in place by the importer.[61]

Japan edit

In a court, Segway PT was classified as a motorcycle, owing to the power output;[62] however, there is no report of registration. Segway Japan, an authorized dealer, sells Segways only to corporations to use in facilities.[63]

Saudi Arabia edit

In Mecca they were banned after a video of a pilgrim, using it during hajj on a hoverboard was posted on social media.[64]

Singapore edit

In December 2016 the Land Transport Authority started a 6-month trial where devices were allowed on trains and buses at all times.[65]

Personal transporters are not allowed on public roads.[66] A bill in early 2020 bans all personal transporters on sidewalks / footpaths, and requires shops to give notices regarding this ban.[67] Since sometime in 2019, riding personal transporters in the HDB common areas could result in a fine up to S$5,000. The fine also applies to bicycles and motorized bicycles.[68]

Europe edit

The European Committee for Standardization (CEN) has been in the process of defining a standard for personal transporters, referred to as 'personal light electric vehicle', including both self-balancing vehicles and standing vehicles with maximum speeds of up to 25 km/h (16 mph) and is expected to complete its work by the end of 2017.[69][70] In the meantime some countries have allowed personal transporters to be used on public roads with certain conditions:

Åland islands edit

A law revision by the Government of Åland concerning "small electrically powered vehicles" means the Segway PT and all other mainly one person electrical vehicles have been classified as bicycles since 14 March 2012.

Austria edit

The type Segway i2 is (width 63 cm) narrower than the 80 cm (31 in) width limit and has a low-enough maximum speed to come under laws relating to electric bicycles and therefore has to use cycle lanes and paths, otherwise street lanes. The type Segway x2 reaches with its bigger wheels 84 cm width and is, therefore, an electric vehicle, that needs a license and insurance. Neither type may use sidewalks (lengthwise) or pedestrian zones (unless exemption stated).

Belgium edit

In Belgium the law was recently adjusted allowing electrical motorized devices to the public road. Art 2.15.2.[71] Devices with a max speed of 18 km/h (11 mph) can ride on the cycle path. One can also use these devices on sidewalks at a walking pace. Devices with a higher maximum speed are subject under the existing rules for motorised vehicles. An insurance and protective wear will be required in any cases.[42][better source needed]

Croatia edit

Use of a Segway PT is allowed within city limits wherever pedestrians and bicycles are allowed, i.e., sidewalks, bicycle paths, parks, etc. Segways can be rented for city tours in cities of Zagreb, Split and Dubrovnik.

Czech Republic edit

Legal status edit
 
Before 2016, the Ministry of Transport of the Czech Republic enforced the interpretation that Segway PTs fall under pedestrian status. This road sign forbids Segways but allows "normal" pedestrians on the path (the prohibition affects "Segway devices only" as a sort of pedestrians).

Until February 2016, legal status of Segway was controversial and unclear. At least since the autumn of 2010, the Ministry of Transport enforced the interpretation that a rider on the Segway is considered as a pedestrian (with possible reference to the legal definition of a pedestrian which mentions "persons on skis, rollerskates or other similar sport equipment" and with an uttered rationale that the device is quite ineligible to fulfil requirements for vehicles). The central Prague district Praha 1 and the city of Prague, supported by some of transport experts including academician Petr Moos, strongly opposed this interpretation. The ministry was preparing a legal change which would mention PT Segway and skateboards explicitly in the definition of a pedestrian (which should cover also unicycles and roller shoes implicitly). The city of Prague proposed to bring PT transporter to the act as a quite new and special category of road traffic vehicles/participants.

The amendment act 48/2016 Sb., in force since 20 February 2016, defines a new strange term "osobní technický prostředek" (= personal technical device/medium) for "personal transporter with selfbalancing device" and "other similar devices". However, the text of the act uses the term "osobní přepravník" ("personal transporter") in that sense instead. The factual regulation is similar to users of skis and rollerskates, i.e. they fall under rules for pedestrians and in addition, they can use cyclist lanes and cyclist paths. Compared to rollerskates, PTs have their speed limited to "speed of walking" at walkways. Municipality can restrict their traffic by municipal decree, but such a restriction needs to be marked by road signs. Since 21 March 2016, a new ordinance of the Ministry of Transport, 84/2016 Sb., which introduced several new road signs, is in force:[72]

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    A 12c Osoby na osobních přepravnících (Persons on personal transporters)

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    B 30a Zákaz vjezdu osob na osobních přepravnících (Entry of persons on personal transporters prohibited)

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    IZ 8a Zóna s dopravním omezením (Zone with traffic restriction - a variant example of the sign)

Kick scooters are explicitly considered as bicycles by law. Personal transporters which are not "self-balancing" are not treated specifically.

Usage edit
 
Map of PT prohibition in the center of Prague since 2 August 2016

Segways are used by municipal police corps in several cities as Prague, Plzeň, Olomouc, Karlovy Vary, Znojmo and Slaný. Since 2014, ambulance Segway is used by the private rescue service Trans Hospital.

Owners and operators of rental Segway transporters are associated in the "Asociace Segway ČR" which had 9 members in August 2014, all their rental shops are in the centre of Prague. In October 2012, this association prescribed rules for its members which contain a list of prohibited hazardous frequented localities.[73] Some other operators are not associated and don't respect the rules. Metro daily newspaper in a May 2015 article presented an estimate that there are ca 300 Segways in Prague streets.[74] However, since November 2016, Segways are prohibited in the broader centre of Prague.

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    Tourists on Segways in Prague, March 2013

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    Prague Municipal Police officer on Segway

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    Ambulance Segway PT is used by the small private rescue service Trans Hospital from Řevnice, Czech Republic, since 2014. It is intended for use at festivals, concerts and similar events.

Local restrictions edit
 
No Segway zone sign near the Prague Castle

Massive usage of Segways, as well as restrictions, are still limited to the area of the broader centre of Prague.

On 15 September 2014 Praha 1 placed to the Kampa park the first Czech road signs which prohibit entrance of Segways. The sign consisted of the message "No entrance for pedestrians" with an additional text sign "JEN ZAŘÍZENÍ SEGWAY" (only Segway devices). These signs were criticized by media and by the Ministry of Transport as confusing and incomprehensible.

Praha 1 prohibited for Segways also the passage of Richter House between Michalská street and Little Square at the Old Town, in 2015 or earlier. Unofficial marking on the floor was used for this prohibition.[75]

In July 2015, Praha 2 prohibited Segways in the area of Vyšehrad Fortress. A round sign with the text "SEGWAY" inside was used.[75][76]

Since 15 August 2015, the director general of the National Library prohibited Segway riding in the area of Clementinum in Prague Old Town, however Segways were allowed to be led from the side.[77] Similarly, Segways were prohibited in the area of the Tyrš House at Malá Strana, the main building of the Czech organization of Sokol.

On the grounds of new legal definitions and authorization, on 19 July 2016, the Prague Council approved a decree (in force since 3 August 2016) that Segways (strictly speaking all "personal transporters" as defined by law) are forbidden in the whole Prague Conservation Area (Old Town, New Town, Hradčany, Malá Strana, Josefov, Vyšehrad) as well as in a broad center of the city: the whole district of Prague 7 (Holešovice and part of Bubeneč including Stromovka Park), big part of Prague 4 (Nusle, Podolí, Braník, Krč, Michle), Karlín, parts of Žižkov and Vinohrady etc.[78][79] However, the restriction became efficient after the prohibition road signs are installed. According to the marking project by TSK (the Prague road management organization), 610 zone signs were installed at 250 places, at the expense of 4 million CZK. Implementation of the marking should begin past the official comment procedure, in the second half of November 2016.[80] However, the official information campaign "Segway No Way" started in August already.[81] On 24 November 2016, the Magistrate gave its decision about the signage and the first such sign was installed on 25 November 2016, the remaining in the next two weeks.[82]

Denmark edit

The Segway PT is classified as a moped (knallert). As such vehicles must be fitted with lights, license plates and mechanical brakes, the Segway is effectively banned from public roads.[83] A trial where the Segway would be classified as a bicycle has been announced running from 1 June 2010 to 1 April 2011. The trial was extended to 1 December 2011, and later to the end of 2014.[84]

Finland edit

In September 2015 authorities in Finland recommended that personal transporters should be made legal for use on roads, making a distinction between devices with a maximum speed of 15 km/h (9.3 mph) which would be treated as pedestrians and ones with a maximum speed of 25 km/h (16 mph) which would be treated as bicycles.[85]

Segway PTs are classified as low-power mopeds and therefore require license plates, effectively banning the use on public roads. On 31 March 2015, The Ministry of Transport and Communications of Finland started progress to propose changes to law to allow Segways under 25 km/h on sidewalks and reclassifying them as bicycles. Like bicycles, Segways would be required to include safety reflectors and a bell to alert pedestrians and the driver is required to wear a bicycle helmet.[86]

France edit

In 2017, 284 people were injured by Personal transporter and 5 were killed.[87]

Since 2019, France has specific regulations/law for Personal transporter.

Previously Segway PTs, also named "gyropode", were sometimes, but not always, considered as pedestrians and obey the same rules and laws. Nonetheless, Segways which do not have type certification to be driven as a motor vehicle are not part of any of the class of vehicle defined by the traffic code. For this reason, they have an unclear legal status.[88]

Riders must go with the direction of traffic.[89]

In Paris, motorized scooter riders could be fined for riding on sidewalks (135 euros) or parking it antisocially (35 euros).[90]

France introduced in 2019 a change in the Code de la route specific for the Personal transporter, depending on the speed the Personal transporter can reach. This new law

  • forbids driving a Personal transporter outside built-up area (non-urban road) unless it is on a bicycle lane
  • allows driving a Personal transporter within built-up area (urban road) but bicycle lane is mandatory if it exists
  • forbids drivers of personal transporter speeds greater than 25 km/h
  • makes mandatory lights, brakes, and horn
  • forbids passengers
  • forbids sidewalks.[87]
 
Segways in Germany have a red tail light and a vehicle registration plate

Germany edit

In Germany self-balancing hoverboards are not allowed on public streets.[91]

It is not legal to ride solowheels on public roads (includes sidewalks, parks, forest tracks, etc.) in Germany as of June 2017. Because it is considered as a type of motor vehicle the rider would need a test certificate from the Technical Inspection Agency (Technischer Überwachungsverein) to get insurance. Additionally, the driver would have to pay taxes according to the certificate. However, the Inspection Agency has no valid classification for it, no certificate can be obtained. Hence, riding a solowheel on public road would mean to ride without certificate, without insurance and to evade taxes. It may have severe penalties (up to one year in prison [92]) when a solowheel rider is caught by the police. In contrast, for the Seqway as a two-wheeled vehicle with handlebar, there is a classification that allows to get a certificate and thus, the compulsory insurance.

The Segway PT i2 is generally allowed on bicycle paths and public roads within city limits since 25 July 2009.[93] Outside city limits, the Segway may not be used on federal motorways, federal highways, state roads, and district roads. Bicycle lanes must be used if present. Riding a Segway on sidewalks and in pedestrian zones for city tours requires a special permit. The Segway is classified as an "electronic mobility aid", a new class of vehicle defined specifically for the Segway PT. Segways used on public roads must be equipped with front and rear lighting, reflectors, a bell, and an insurance plate.

Hungary edit

The Központi Közlekedési Főfelügyelet (Central Traffic Authority Board) does not consider Segways to be vehicle, and considers skateboarders, and people moving luggage trolleys pedestrians. Segway riders may use sidewalks and follow rules for pedestrians.[94]

Ireland edit

Segway PTs are permitted in most public places. They are permitted in certain areas on bicycle paths around Dublin and Cork.[citation needed]

Italy edit

Use of a Segway PT is allowed within city limits wherever pedestrians or bicycles are allowed, i.e., sidewalks, bicycle paths, parks, etc.[95]

Luxembourg edit

Segway PTs are legal on bicycle trails and roads. They are the equivalent to electric bicycles and obey the same rules and laws.

Netherlands edit

In the Netherlands the use of self-balancing hoverboards is illegal on all public roads, it is only allowed on private property. The main reason given is that the vehicle is motorized but has no steering wheel and no place to sit. Therefore, the vehicle does not fall in any category allowed on public roads.[96]

In The Netherlands, any motorised skateboard is not permitted on public roads, including those driven by an electric motor.[97]

In April 2008, the Dutch Government announced that it would ease the ban it had imposed in January 2007 that made it illegal to use a Segway PT on public roads in the Netherlands.[98] Until recently[when?], a tolerance policy was in place due to the inability of the authorities to classify the Segway as a vehicle.[99] However, certain handicapped people, primarily heart and lung patients, are allowed to use the Segway, but only on the pavement. From 1 July 2008, anyone over the age of 16 is permitted to use a Segway on Dutch roads but users need to buy custom insurance.[100] Amsterdam police officers are testing the Segway. In Rotterdam, the Segway has been used regularly by police officers and city watches.

Norway edit

Because of the top speed of 20 km/h, the Segway was classified as a moped in Norway. Prior to 2014, there were requirements for registration, insurance, age limit, drivers licenses and helmets to operate a Segway in the country. Therefore, Segways were not originally able to be used legally on public or private roads or on private property in Norway.[101][102] Segways became legal in Norway on 1 July 2014 on all public roads with speed limits 20 km/h or less, sidewalks and bicycle lanes for ages 16 and older without requiring registration or insurance.[103]

Poland edit

From 20 May 2021, regulations on the movement of personal transport devices and electric scooters will apply.[104] They are included in Art. 33-33d of the Road Traffic Law. The driver of the personal transport device is obliged to use the cycle path if it is designated for the direction in which it is moving or intends to turn. The driver of the personal transport device, when using the path for bicycles and pedestrians, is obliged to exercise particular caution and give way to pedestrians. He may use the footpath or road where there is no cycle path. If he uses them, he is obliged to drive at a speed close to that of a pedestrian, exercise particular caution, give way to a pedestrian and not obstruct his movement.[105]

Portugal edit

Segway PTs are legal on public paths from age 18 (and below, when accompanied by adults) as an equivalent to pedestrian traffic[106] and are used by local police forces,[107] and by Polícia Marítima] (a Navy unit), for beach patrolling. They are also used (rented) by tour operators across the country, and by shopping security guards.

Sweden edit

It was unlawful to use a Segway PT on any public road or pavement in Sweden until 18 December 2008 when the Segway was re-classified as a cykel klass II (class 2 bicycle).[108][109] On 1 October 2010 the Segway and similar one person electrical vehicles were re-classified as bicycles.[citation needed]

As of September 1, it is no longer permitted to park the electric scooter on footpaths and cycle paths or to drive on footpaths and pavements.[110]

Switzerland edit

In Switzerland, devices with a maximum speed of 25 km/h (16 mph) have an age limit of age 14 years with a licence, and 16 years without a licence.[111]

The Segway PT is classified as a moped with usage of all bicycle circulation areas.[112] Only the PT i2 and x2 (SE) has been approved for use in Switzerland, no NineBot Elite or mini Pro. Every self-balancing vehicle must be fully redundant. The PT may be used on roads provided that it is equipped with a Swiss Road Kit and a license plate. The Swiss Road Kit has front and back lighting, a battery source, and a license plate holder. Use on sidewalks and pedestrian zones is prohibited. An exception is made for handicapped individuals, who must obtain in advance a special authorization from the Swiss Federal Roads Office. The Segway PT i180 may also be registered for use on specific request. However, the PT i180 must be equipped with a left/right turn indicator system before it may be admitted for road use.[citation needed]

United Kingdom edit

In England and Wales use of these devices on a sidewalk is banned under Section 72 of the Highway Act 1835.[113] With reference to its use of the carriageway it falls into the category of 'motor vehicle' (defined as 'a mechanically propelled vehicle, intended or adapted for use on roads' by section 136 of the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984) (see [114]) and as such would be covered by the Road Vehicles (Construction & Use) Regulations 1986 and hence approval through European Community Whole Vehicle Type Approval.[115] The government has been petitioned to allow these devices on the road,[116] and trials are currently being carried out in a restricted number of towns allowing the use of rental (but not privately owned) electric scooters.[117] While in opposition in 2008, the Conservatives and Liberal Democrats lobbied the Labour Government to change the law to allow Segways to use public cycle lanes.[118] In July 2010, a man was charged under the Highway Act 1835 in Barnsley for riding his Segway on the pavement, and was prosecuted and fined £75 in January 2011.[119][120][121] His conviction was upheld by the High Court on appeal.[122]

In Scotland, it is illegal to ride on public pavements (sidewalks) under the Roads Act, 1984.[113]

North America edit

Canada edit

In Toronto motorized vehicles are not allowed on sidewalks, except for mobility scooters for people who need them.[123]

Restrictions on motorized vehicle use are set by provinces individually. In Alberta, Segway PTs cannot legally be driven on public roads including sidewalks abutting public roads. Segways cannot legally be driven on city-owned bicycle paths in Calgary.[citation needed] Segways are allowed on private land with the landowner's permission. In British Columbia, Segways cannot legally be operated on B.C. roads or on sidewalks because they cannot be licensed or insured as a vehicle in B.C.[124] In Ontario, the Ministry of Transportation started a pilot program allowing Segways to be used by people 14 years or older with a disability, Canada Post door-to-door delivery personnel, and police officers. It was originally planned to end on 19 October 2011, but was extended by two years, and then extended again an additional five years (to 19 October 2018), due to limited participation. Prior to the end of the pilot program, the Ministry of Transportation will assess the data and information gathered from the pilot decide whether to allow Segways and how to legislate them.[125]

United States edit

In California, as of 1 January 2016 'electrically motorized boards' can be used by those over 16 years old at speeds of up to 15 miles per hour (24 km/h) on streets where the speed limit is under 35 miles per hour (56 km/h) as long as they wear a helmet and comply with drive/drug laws. Boards must be speed limited to 20 miles per hour (32 km/h), be designed for the transport of one person and have a power of less than 1000 watts. Use of these devices on the sidewalk is left to cities and counties to decide. Having monitored this new law for 5 years, California Highway Patrol will submit a final report to the legislature in 2021.[39] University of California, Los Angeles included Hoverboards in a general restriction on the use of bicycles, scooters and skateboards using walkways and hallways in November 2015.[126]

In New York City, self-balancing hoverboards are banned under existing legislation; however, community advocates are working with lawmakers to legalize their use[127][128] but there is no current explanation from the lawmakers relating to electric skateboards.[129]

The Segway PT has been banned from use on sidewalks and in public transportation in a few municipalities and the company has challenged bans and sought exemption from sidewalk restrictions in over 30 states.[citation needed] Advocacy groups for pedestrians and the blind in the US have been critical of Segway PT use: America Walks[130] and the American Council of the Blind oppose allowing people, even those with disabilities, to drive the Segway PT on sidewalks and have actively lobbied against any such legislation.[131] Today, Segways are allowed on sidewalks in most states, though local municipalities may forbid them. Many states also allow them on bicycle lanes or on roads with speed limits of up to 25 mph (40 km/h).[132]

In 2011, the U.S. government Department of Justice—amending regulations that implement title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)—ruled that the Segway is an "other power-driven mobility device" and its use must be permitted unless the covered entity can demonstrate that users cannot operate the class of devices in accordance with legitimate safety requirements.[133]

A fact sheet published by the US Justice Department states: "People with mobility, circulatory, respiratory, or neurological disabilities use many kinds of devices for mobility. Some use walkers, canes, crutches, or braces. Some use manual or power wheelchairs or electric scooters. In addition, advances in technology have given rise to new devices, such as Segways that some people with disabilities use as mobility devices, including many veterans injured while serving in the military. And more advanced devices will inevitably be invented, providing more mobility options for people with disabilities." There is some allowance in only some very specific circumstances where usage would be considered unsafe.[134] Semi-ambulatory Americans have previously benefitted from Segway use, even in New York City.[135] Segs4Vets provides Segway PTs to permanently injured military veterans.[136]

San Francisco banned the Segway PT from sidewalks over safety concerns in 2002.[137] The District of Columbia categorizes Segways as a "personal mobility device" which means Segway users follow D.C.'s bicycle laws, which do not require Segway users to wear helmets and other protective gear. Users are not allowed to wear headphones with the exception of hearing aids or other devices that only require the use of one ear.[138][139]

Mexico edit

In Mexico there is no regulation that limits Segway use in public spaces.[140]

Oceania edit

Australia edit

The authorities stated in late 2015 that self-balancing hoverboards must not be ridden on the carriageway or sidewalk in the state of New South Wales since they are categorised as motor vehicles but don't comply with any existing vehicle class. They did also say that "our road safety experts in the Centre for Road Safety are currently working with their counterparts across the country on national laws and safety standards for these personal electric transport devices, so we can figure out how and where people can use them safely".[141][142] Other states in Australia have yet to make a clear decision or announcement on legality and enforcement, and are relying on existing laws in place.[143] They are free to use on private property.[143]

In Australia laws are determined at the state & territory level, each differing in their adoption of the Australian Road Rules. It is generally illegal to use Segway PTs in public places and on roads throughout Australia.

In the Australian Capital Territory, use of Segways is illegal on roads and other public places, but, as of June 2012, was permitted around Canberra's Lake Burley Griffin and other tourist attractions, subject to training, safety equipment and speed limit requirements.[144][145]

In New South Wales, the Segway has been confirmed by the Roads & Traffic Authority as being illegal on both roads and footpaths. "In simple terms, riders are way too exposed to mix with general traffic on a road and too fast, heavy and consequently dangerous to other users on footpaths or cycle paths."[146] Although this does not render them totally illegal (they may still, for example, be used on private property), their uses are limited enough that they are not sold to the general public.

In Queensland, the use of the Segway became legal on 1 August 2013. Queensland transport Minister Scott Emerson noted that it makes sense for Segways to be allowed on public paths across Queensland, given users wear helmets.

In Western Australia, the law enables Electric Personal Transporters (EPT) (Segways) to be used as part of a supervised commercial tour, being run by an operator that holds the appropriate approvals. You may use an EPT on private property. Tour operators should approach the Local Authority where they wish to operate the tour. Local authorities have ultimate responsibility for approving tour operators within their respective areas.[147][148]

New Zealand edit

In New Zealand the Segway PT is classed as a mobility device, in the same category as a mobility scooter or electric wheelchair. Mobility Devices must be ridden on footpaths where possible, at a speed that does not endanger others, and give way to pedestrians.[149] This ruling might not be consistently applied: in 2011, police in Taupō had to stop using Segways because there is no separate vehicle classification that applies to them, requiring their registration as roadworthy in the same manner as cars.[150]

Gallery edit

See also edit

References edit

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External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Personal transporters.
  • CEN/TC 354/WG 4 Light electric vehicles and self-balancing vehicles (DIN.de)
  • CEN/TC 354 - Non-type approved light motorized vehicles for the transportation of persons and goods and related facilities
  • "Use of personal mobility devices for first-and-last mile travel: The MacquarieRyde trial" (PDF). Proceedings of the 2015 Australasian Road Safety Conference.
  • Business plan CEN/TC 354 Non-type approved light motorized vehicles for the transportation of personal and goods and related facilities

November 19, 2023
personal, transporter, personal, transporter, also, powered, transporter, electric, rideable, personal, light, electric, vehicle, personal, mobility, device, class, compact, mostly, recent, 21st, century, motorised, micromobility, vehicle, transporting, indivi. A personal transporter also powered transporter 1 electric rideable personal light electric vehicle personal mobility device etc is any of a class of compact mostly recent 21st century motorised micromobility vehicle for transporting an individual at speeds that do not normally exceed 25 km h 16 mph They include electric skateboards kick scooters self balancing unicycles and Segways as well as gasoline fueled motorised scooters or skateboards typically using two stroke engines of less than 49 cc 3 0 cu in displacement 2 3 Many newer versions use recent advances in vehicle battery and motor control technologies They are growing in popularity and legislators are in the process of determining how these devices should be classified regulated and accommodated during a period of rapid innovation Self balancing unicycles at Paris sans Voiture Paris without cars in 2015Generally excluded from this legal category are electric bicycles that are considered to be a type of bicycle electric motorbikes and scooters that are treated as a type of motorcycle or moped and powered mobility aids with 3 or 4 wheels on which the rider sits which fall within regulations covering powered mobility scooters 4 Contents 1 History 2 Terminology 3 Types 3 1 Motorized scooter 3 2 Electric standing scooter 3 3 Electric skateboard 3 4 Self balancing scooter 3 5 Electric unicycle 3 6 Hybrids 4 Concept devices 5 Technology 5 1 Batteries 5 2 Brushless motors 6 Use and regulation by country 6 1 Asia 6 1 1 Hong Kong 6 1 2 Israel 6 1 3 Japan 6 1 4 Saudi Arabia 6 1 5 Singapore 6 2 Europe 6 2 1 Aland islands 6 2 2 Austria 6 2 3 Belgium 6 2 4 Croatia 6 2 5 Czech Republic 6 2 5 1 Legal status 6 2 5 2 Usage 6 2 5 3 Local restrictions 6 2 6 Denmark 6 2 7 Finland 6 2 8 France 6 2 9 Germany 6 2 10 Hungary 6 2 11 Ireland 6 2 12 Italy 6 2 13 Luxembourg 6 2 14 Netherlands 6 2 15 Norway 6 2 16 Poland 6 2 17 Portugal 6 2 18 Sweden 6 2 19 Switzerland 6 2 20 United Kingdom 6 3 North America 6 3 1 Canada 6 3 2 United States 6 3 3 Mexico 6 4 Oceania 6 4 1 Australia 6 4 2 New Zealand 7 Gallery 8 See also 9 References 10 External linksHistory editThe first personal transporter was the Autoped a stand up scooter with a gasoline engine made from 1915 to 1922 Engine powered scooters and skateboards reappeared in the 1970s and the 1980s Twike and Sinclair C5 were 1980s enclosed hybrid velomobiles that also used pedal power With the rapid improvements in lithium batteries in the late 1990s and early 2000s a range of new types of personal transporters appeared and began to spread into use in urban settings for both recreation and practical transportation Dean Kamen applied for his first patent for a human transporter the Segway PT in 1994 5 This was followed by other patent applications prior to its product launch in late 2001 and first deliveries to customers early in 2002 6 7 8 Trevor Blackwell demonstrated a self balancing unicycle based on the control mechanism from a Segway PT in 2004 9 better source needed for which he published open source designs see Eunicycle Focus Designs released the first commercially available self balancing unicycle which had a seat in 2008 10 and in 2010 Shane Chen an American businessman and founder of Inventist filed a patent for the more familiar and compact seatless device 11 which his company Inventis launched in 2011 12 Chen then went on to file a patent for a self balancing scooter in February 2013 13 and launched a Kickstarter fund raising campaign in May 2013 14 with multiple companies mainly in China releasing similar products 500 000 units from 10 suppliers were recalled from the US market alone in July 2016 15 16 Louie Finkle of California is credited by whom with creating the first commercial electric skateboards offering his first wireless electric skateboard in 1997 17 18 and he filed for a patent in April 1999 19 though it was not until 2004 that electric motors and batteries had sufficient torque and efficiency to power boards effectively 17 20 In 2012 ZBoard raised nearly 30 times their target for a balance controlled electric skateboard on Kickstarter 21 which was well received at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas in January 2013 22 In December 2016 The Verge magazine suggested that 2017 would be an important year for personal electric vehicles of all sizes 23 On 14 August 2018 a unicycle manufactured by InMotion caught fire in a British flat About 1 week later InMotion issued a statement to discourage customers from buying parallel imports 24 25 From 1 July 2019 onwards Singapore enforces the fire safety standard known as UL 2272 26 by banning the sales of non certified products 27 28 and by publishing a list of legal products 29 nbsp Engine of an Autoped made 1915 1922 nbsp Red Twike Active nbsp MotoBoard combustion engine skateboard mid 2010sTerminology editThe terminology for these devices is not yet stable As of 2017 update as the media and legislators discuss a rapidly emerging potential class of motor vehicle and its relationship to laws relating to other transport devices including electric bicycles and mobility aids such as mobility scooters 23 3 Commonly used terms are used for these new devices include Media rideable 30 31 electric rideable 23 32 electric personal transporter personal electric vehicle 33 personal transporter 34 portable electric vehicle 35 portable personal vehicle 36 Legislative personal mobility device Singapore 37 Australia Victoria Transport Policy Unit 3 personal e mobility device Underwriters Laboratory 38 electrically motorized board California United States 39 personal light electric vehicles European Union 40 electric personal assistive mobility device Washington state United States 41 powered transporters UK 2 Other languages Engins de deplacement personnel French 42 43 sredstva individualnoj mobilnosti Russian lit means of individual mobility 44 Types editMotorized scooter edit Main article Motorized scooter The earliest example of a motorized scooter or standing scooter with an internal combustion engine was the 1915 Autoped made in the US until 1919 and in Germany until 1922 Electric standing scooter edit Main article Motorized scooter E scooters An electric standing scooter with a small platform with two or more wheels driven by an electric motor which fold for portability Electric skateboard edit Main article Electric skateboard An electric skateboard is an electrically powered skateboard controlled by the rider shifting their weight and in some cases also a hand held throttle Self balancing scooter edit See also Self balancing scooter The self balancing scooter is a category of personal transporter which includes all self balancing powered portable devices with two parallel wheels these include the Segway PT the Segway miniPRO and self balancing hoverboards Electric unicycle edit Main article Electric unicycle An electric unicycle is a single rider electrically powered unicycle that balances itself automatically using computer controlled accelerometers gyroscopes and a magnetometer 45 Hybrids edit The Onewheel has elements of an electric skateboard it is powered and a self balancing unicycle it has one wheel 46 Types nbsp Boy riding an electric unicycle nbsp Gasoline fueled 155 cc 9 5 cu in four stroke single Autoped Ever Ready nbsp Electric kick scooter in use nbsp A self balancing hoverboardConcept devices editThe Honda UNI CUB and its predecessor the Honda U3 X are concept seated devices that are fully stable that can travel sideways as well as in the forwards backwards axis Technology editBatteries edit Most devices are powered by rechargeable lithium ion vehicle batteries and often 18650 size LiFePO4 batteries controlled by complex battery management systems Lithium polymer batteries are being tested for higher performance 47 Many devices now contain one or sometimes two batteries in the 101 to 160 Wh 360 to 580 kJ range which fall within the sizes that can be carried on an airline 48 49 Airlines may restrict carrying some devices due to the earlier product defects 50 As a rule every 100 WHours of capacity will provide 6 7 miles of range 51 These batteries which have good energy density energy to mass ratio provide the range torque operational life required 52 unlike the previously available lead acid NiMH and NiCad technologies Brushless motors edit Many of these devices use brushless DC electric motors with permanent magnets attached to the moving hub which turns around a fixed armature which offer high efficiency good speed torque characteristics and low weight This motor is often built into the wheel itself eliminating gears and drive belts 53 Many devices have a motor in the 250 500 watts range which provides good performance for an adult rider on the flat and on an incline with sportier models using motors in excess of 1500 Watts 54 Brushless DC motors which often have regenerative braking also need complex motor controllers 55 Use and regulation by country editIt has been suggested that this section be split out into another article titled Personal transporter regulation by country Discuss March 2021 Asia edit Hong Kong editEarly 2019 according to secretary Chan the Government is conducting a consultation research 顧問研究 56 That does not mean that personal transporter is legal The Transport Department issued a 2015 statement that under the Road Traffic Ordinance a personal transporter is classified as motor vehicle since it is mechanically propelled 57 Registration and licence is required before any motor vehicle is used on the roads including private roads However since the construction and operation of these motor driven devices could pose a danger to the users themselves and other road users they are not appropriate to use on roads hence they cannot be registered and licensed 58 59 According to police statistics there were 9 complaints 1 arrest and 1 accident between 5 July and 19 November 2019 60 Israel edit In 2006 the Segway PT was approved for use on sidewalks and other pedestrian designated locations and on roads without sidewalks with obstructed sidewalks or sidewalks that lack curb cuts The user must be over 16 years old No license is required The maximum allowed speed is 13 5 km h 8 4 mph enforced by electronic restriction put in place by the importer 61 Japan edit In a court Segway PT was classified as a motorcycle owing to the power output 62 however there is no report of registration Segway Japan an authorized dealer sells Segways only to corporations to use in facilities 63 Saudi Arabia edit In Mecca they were banned after a video of a pilgrim using it during hajj on a hoverboard was posted on social media 64 Singapore edit In December 2016 the Land Transport Authority started a 6 month trial where devices were allowed on trains and buses at all times 65 Personal transporters are not allowed on public roads 66 A bill in early 2020 bans all personal transporters on sidewalks footpaths and requires shops to give notices regarding this ban 67 Since sometime in 2019 riding personal transporters in the HDB common areas could result in a fine up to S 5 000 The fine also applies to bicycles and motorized bicycles 68 Europe edit The European Committee for Standardization CEN has been in the process of defining a standard for personal transporters referred to as personal light electric vehicle including both self balancing vehicles and standing vehicles with maximum speeds of up to 25 km h 16 mph and is expected to complete its work by the end of 2017 69 70 In the meantime some countries have allowed personal transporters to be used on public roads with certain conditions Aland islands edit A law revision by the Government of Aland concerning small electrically powered vehicles means the Segway PT and all other mainly one person electrical vehicles have been classified as bicycles since 14 March 2012 Austria edit The type Segway i2 is width 63 cm narrower than the 80 cm 31 in width limit and has a low enough maximum speed to come under laws relating to electric bicycles and therefore has to use cycle lanes and paths otherwise street lanes The type Segway x2 reaches with its bigger wheels 84 cm width and is therefore an electric vehicle that needs a license and insurance Neither type may use sidewalks lengthwise or pedestrian zones unless exemption stated Belgium edit In Belgium the law was recently adjusted allowing electrical motorized devices to the public road Art 2 15 2 71 Devices with a max speed of 18 km h 11 mph can ride on the cycle path One can also use these devices on sidewalks at a walking pace Devices with a higher maximum speed are subject under the existing rules for motorised vehicles An insurance and protective wear will be required in any cases 42 better source needed Croatia edit Use of a Segway PT is allowed within city limits wherever pedestrians and bicycles are allowed i e sidewalks bicycle paths parks etc Segways can be rented for city tours in cities of Zagreb Split and Dubrovnik Czech Republic edit Legal status edit nbsp Before 2016 the Ministry of Transport of the Czech Republic enforced the interpretation that Segway PTs fall under pedestrian status This road sign forbids Segways but allows normal pedestrians on the path the prohibition affects Segway devices only as a sort of pedestrians Until February 2016 legal status of Segway was controversial and unclear At least since the autumn of 2010 the Ministry of Transport enforced the interpretation that a rider on the Segway is considered as a pedestrian with possible reference to the legal definition of a pedestrian which mentions persons on skis rollerskates or other similar sport equipment and with an uttered rationale that the device is quite ineligible to fulfil requirements for vehicles The central Prague district Praha 1 and the city of Prague supported by some of transport experts including academician Petr Moos strongly opposed this interpretation The ministry was preparing a legal change which would mention PT Segway and skateboards explicitly in the definition of a pedestrian which should cover also unicycles and roller shoes implicitly The city of Prague proposed to bring PT transporter to the act as a quite new and special category of road traffic vehicles participants The amendment act 48 2016 Sb in force since 20 February 2016 defines a new strange term osobni technicky prostredek personal technical device medium for personal transporter with selfbalancing device and other similar devices However the text of the act uses the term osobni prepravnik personal transporter in that sense instead The factual regulation is similar to users of skis and rollerskates i e they fall under rules for pedestrians and in addition they can use cyclist lanes and cyclist paths Compared to rollerskates PTs have their speed limited to speed of walking at walkways Municipality can restrict their traffic by municipal decree but such a restriction needs to be marked by road signs Since 21 March 2016 a new ordinance of the Ministry of Transport 84 2016 Sb which introduced several new road signs is in force 72 nbsp A 12c Osoby na osobnich prepravnicich Persons on personal transporters nbsp B 30a Zakaz vjezdu osob na osobnich prepravnicich Entry of persons on personal transporters prohibited nbsp IZ 8a Zona s dopravnim omezenim Zone with traffic restriction a variant example of the sign Kick scooters are explicitly considered as bicycles by law Personal transporters which are not self balancing are not treated specifically Usage edit nbsp Map of PT prohibition in the center of Prague since 2 August 2016Segways are used by municipal police corps in several cities as Prague Plzen Olomouc Karlovy Vary Znojmo and Slany Since 2014 ambulance Segway is used by the private rescue service Trans Hospital Owners and operators of rental Segway transporters are associated in the Asociace Segway CR which had 9 members in August 2014 all their rental shops are in the centre of Prague In October 2012 this association prescribed rules for its members which contain a list of prohibited hazardous frequented localities 73 Some other operators are not associated and don t respect the rules Metro daily newspaper in a May 2015 article presented an estimate that there are ca 300 Segways in Prague streets 74 However since November 2016 Segways are prohibited in the broader centre of Prague nbsp Tourists on Segways in Prague March 2013 nbsp Prague Municipal Police officer on Segway nbsp Ambulance Segway PT is used by the small private rescue service Trans Hospital from Revnice Czech Republic since 2014 It is intended for use at festivals concerts and similar events Local restrictions edit nbsp No Segway zone sign near the Prague CastleMassive usage of Segways as well as restrictions are still limited to the area of the broader centre of Prague On 15 September 2014 Praha 1 placed to the Kampa park the first Czech road signs which prohibit entrance of Segways The sign consisted of the message No entrance for pedestrians with an additional text sign JEN ZARIZENI SEGWAY only Segway devices These signs were criticized by media and by the Ministry of Transport as confusing and incomprehensible Praha 1 prohibited for Segways also the passage of Richter House between Michalska street and Little Square at the Old Town in 2015 or earlier Unofficial marking on the floor was used for this prohibition 75 In July 2015 Praha 2 prohibited Segways in the area of Vysehrad Fortress A round sign with the text SEGWAY inside was used 75 76 Since 15 August 2015 the director general of the National Library prohibited Segway riding in the area of Clementinum in Prague Old Town however Segways were allowed to be led from the side 77 Similarly Segways were prohibited in the area of the Tyrs House at Mala Strana the main building of the Czech organization of Sokol On the grounds of new legal definitions and authorization on 19 July 2016 the Prague Council approved a decree in force since 3 August 2016 that Segways strictly speaking all personal transporters as defined by law are forbidden in the whole Prague Conservation Area Old Town New Town Hradcany Mala Strana Josefov Vysehrad as well as in a broad center of the city the whole district of Prague 7 Holesovice and part of Bubenec including Stromovka Park big part of Prague 4 Nusle Podoli Branik Krc Michle Karlin parts of Zizkov and Vinohrady etc 78 79 However the restriction became efficient after the prohibition road signs are installed According to the marking project by TSK the Prague road management organization 610 zone signs were installed at 250 places at the expense of 4 million CZK Implementation of the marking should begin past the official comment procedure in the second half of November 2016 80 However the official information campaign Segway No Way started in August already 81 On 24 November 2016 the Magistrate gave its decision about the signage and the first such sign was installed on 25 November 2016 the remaining in the next two weeks 82 Denmark edit The Segway PT is classified as a moped knallert As such vehicles must be fitted with lights license plates and mechanical brakes the Segway is effectively banned from public roads 83 A trial where the Segway would be classified as a bicycle has been announced running from 1 June 2010 to 1 April 2011 The trial was extended to 1 December 2011 and later to the end of 2014 84 Finland edit In September 2015 authorities in Finland recommended that personal transporters should be made legal for use on roads making a distinction between devices with a maximum speed of 15 km h 9 3 mph which would be treated as pedestrians and ones with a maximum speed of 25 km h 16 mph which would be treated as bicycles 85 Segway PTs are classified as low power mopeds and therefore require license plates effectively banning the use on public roads On 31 March 2015 The Ministry of Transport and Communications of Finland started progress to propose changes to law to allow Segways under 25 km h on sidewalks and reclassifying them as bicycles Like bicycles Segways would be required to include safety reflectors and a bell to alert pedestrians and the driver is required to wear a bicycle helmet 86 France edit In 2017 284 people were injured by Personal transporter and 5 were killed 87 Since 2019 France has specific regulations law for Personal transporter Previously Segway PTs also named gyropode were sometimes but not always considered as pedestrians and obey the same rules and laws Nonetheless Segways which do not have type certification to be driven as a motor vehicle are not part of any of the class of vehicle defined by the traffic code For this reason they have an unclear legal status 88 Riders must go with the direction of traffic 89 In Paris motorized scooter riders could be fined for riding on sidewalks 135 euros or parking it antisocially 35 euros 90 France introduced in 2019 a change in the Code de la route specific for the Personal transporter depending on the speed the Personal transporter can reach This new law forbids driving a Personal transporter outside built up area non urban road unless it is on a bicycle lane allows driving a Personal transporter within built up area urban road but bicycle lane is mandatory if it exists forbids drivers of personal transporter speeds greater than 25 km h makes mandatory lights brakes and horn forbids passengers forbids sidewalks 87 nbsp Segways in Germany have a red tail light and a vehicle registration plateGermany edit In Germany self balancing hoverboards are not allowed on public streets 91 It is not legal to ride solowheels on public roads includes sidewalks parks forest tracks etc in Germany as of June 2017 Because it is considered as a type of motor vehicle the rider would need a test certificate from the Technical Inspection Agency Technischer Uberwachungsverein to get insurance Additionally the driver would have to pay taxes according to the certificate However the Inspection Agency has no valid classification for it no certificate can be obtained Hence riding a solowheel on public road would mean to ride without certificate without insurance and to evade taxes It may have severe penalties up to one year in prison 92 when a solowheel rider is caught by the police In contrast for the Seqway as a two wheeled vehicle with handlebar there is a classification that allows to get a certificate and thus the compulsory insurance The Segway PT i2 is generally allowed on bicycle paths and public roads within city limits since 25 July 2009 93 Outside city limits the Segway may not be used on federal motorways federal highways state roads and district roads Bicycle lanes must be used if present Riding a Segway on sidewalks and in pedestrian zones for city tours requires a special permit The Segway is classified as an electronic mobility aid a new class of vehicle defined specifically for the Segway PT Segways used on public roads must be equipped with front and rear lighting reflectors a bell and an insurance plate Hungary edit The Kozponti Kozlekedesi Fofelugyelet Central Traffic Authority Board does not consider Segways to be vehicle and considers skateboarders and people moving luggage trolleys pedestrians Segway riders may use sidewalks and follow rules for pedestrians 94 Ireland edit Segway PTs are permitted in most public places They are permitted in certain areas on bicycle paths around Dublin and Cork citation needed Italy edit Use of a Segway PT is allowed within city limits wherever pedestrians or bicycles are allowed i e sidewalks bicycle paths parks etc 95 Luxembourg edit Segway PTs are legal on bicycle trails and roads They are the equivalent to electric bicycles and obey the same rules and laws Netherlands edit In the Netherlands the use of self balancing hoverboards is illegal on all public roads it is only allowed on private property The main reason given is that the vehicle is motorized but has no steering wheel and no place to sit Therefore the vehicle does not fall in any category allowed on public roads 96 In The Netherlands any motorised skateboard is not permitted on public roads including those driven by an electric motor 97 In April 2008 the Dutch Government announced that it would ease the ban it had imposed in January 2007 that made it illegal to use a Segway PT on public roads in the Netherlands 98 Until recently when a tolerance policy was in place due to the inability of the authorities to classify the Segway as a vehicle 99 However certain handicapped people primarily heart and lung patients are allowed to use the Segway but only on the pavement From 1 July 2008 anyone over the age of 16 is permitted to use a Segway on Dutch roads but users need to buy custom insurance 100 Amsterdam police officers are testing the Segway In Rotterdam the Segway has been used regularly by police officers and city watches Norway edit Because of the top speed of 20 km h the Segway was classified as a moped in Norway Prior to 2014 there were requirements for registration insurance age limit drivers licenses and helmets to operate a Segway in the country Therefore Segways were not originally able to be used legally on public or private roads or on private property in Norway 101 102 Segways became legal in Norway on 1 July 2014 on all public roads with speed limits 20 km h or less sidewalks and bicycle lanes for ages 16 and older without requiring registration or insurance 103 Poland edit From 20 May 2021 regulations on the movement of personal transport devices and electric scooters will apply 104 They are included in Art 33 33d of the Road Traffic Law The driver of the personal transport device is obliged to use the cycle path if it is designated for the direction in which it is moving or intends to turn The driver of the personal transport device when using the path for bicycles and pedestrians is obliged to exercise particular caution and give way to pedestrians He may use the footpath or road where there is no cycle path If he uses them he is obliged to drive at a speed close to that of a pedestrian exercise particular caution give way to a pedestrian and not obstruct his movement 105 Portugal edit Segway PTs are legal on public paths from age 18 and below when accompanied by adults as an equivalent to pedestrian traffic 106 and are used by local police forces 107 and by Policia Maritima a Navy unit for beach patrolling They are also used rented by tour operators across the country and by shopping security guards Sweden edit It was unlawful to use a Segway PT on any public road or pavement in Sweden until 18 December 2008 when the Segway was re classified as a cykel klass II class 2 bicycle 108 109 On 1 October 2010 the Segway and similar one person electrical vehicles were re classified as bicycles citation needed As of September 1 it is no longer permitted to park the electric scooter on footpaths and cycle paths or to drive on footpaths and pavements 110 Switzerland edit In Switzerland devices with a maximum speed of 25 km h 16 mph have an age limit of age 14 years with a licence and 16 years without a licence 111 The Segway PT is classified as a moped with usage of all bicycle circulation areas 112 Only the PT i2 and x2 SE has been approved for use in Switzerland no NineBot Elite or mini Pro Every self balancing vehicle must be fully redundant The PT may be used on roads provided that it is equipped with a Swiss Road Kit and a license plate The Swiss Road Kit has front and back lighting a battery source and a license plate holder Use on sidewalks and pedestrian zones is prohibited An exception is made for handicapped individuals who must obtain in advance a special authorization from the Swiss Federal Roads Office The Segway PT i180 may also be registered for use on specific request However the PT i180 must be equipped with a left right turn indicator system before it may be admitted for road use citation needed United Kingdom edit In England and Wales use of these devices on a sidewalk is banned under Section 72 of the Highway Act 1835 113 With reference to its use of the carriageway it falls into the category of motor vehicle defined as a mechanically propelled vehicle intended or adapted for use on roads by section 136 of the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984 see 114 and as such would be covered by the Road Vehicles Construction amp Use Regulations 1986 and hence approval through European Community Whole Vehicle Type Approval 115 The government has been petitioned to allow these devices on the road 116 and trials are currently being carried out in a restricted number of towns allowing the use of rental but not privately owned electric scooters 117 While in opposition in 2008 the Conservatives and Liberal Democrats lobbied the Labour Government to change the law to allow Segways to use public cycle lanes 118 In July 2010 a man was charged under the Highway Act 1835 in Barnsley for riding his Segway on the pavement and was prosecuted and fined 75 in January 2011 119 120 121 His conviction was upheld by the High Court on appeal 122 In Scotland it is illegal to ride on public pavements sidewalks under the Roads Act 1984 113 North America edit Canada edit In Toronto motorized vehicles are not allowed on sidewalks except for mobility scooters for people who need them 123 Restrictions on motorized vehicle use are set by provinces individually In Alberta Segway PTs cannot legally be driven on public roads including sidewalks abutting public roads Segways cannot legally be driven on city owned bicycle paths in Calgary citation needed Segways are allowed on private land with the landowner s permission In British Columbia Segways cannot legally be operated on B C roads or on sidewalks because they cannot be licensed or insured as a vehicle in B C 124 In Ontario the Ministry of Transportation started a pilot program allowing Segways to be used by people 14 years or older with a disability Canada Post door to door delivery personnel and police officers It was originally planned to end on 19 October 2011 but was extended by two years and then extended again an additional five years to 19 October 2018 due to limited participation Prior to the end of the pilot program the Ministry of Transportation will assess the data and information gathered from the pilot decide whether to allow Segways and how to legislate them 125 United States edit In California as of 1 January 2016 electrically motorized boards can be used by those over 16 years old at speeds of up to 15 miles per hour 24 km h on streets where the speed limit is under 35 miles per hour 56 km h as long as they wear a helmet and comply with drive drug laws Boards must be speed limited to 20 miles per hour 32 km h be designed for the transport of one person and have a power of less than 1000 watts Use of these devices on the sidewalk is left to cities and counties to decide Having monitored this new law for 5 years California Highway Patrol will submit a final report to the legislature in 2021 39 University of California Los Angeles included Hoverboards in a general restriction on the use of bicycles scooters and skateboards using walkways and hallways in November 2015 126 In New York City self balancing hoverboards are banned under existing legislation however community advocates are working with lawmakers to legalize their use 127 128 but there is no current explanation from the lawmakers relating to electric skateboards 129 The Segway PT has been banned from use on sidewalks and in public transportation in a few municipalities and the company has challenged bans and sought exemption from sidewalk restrictions in over 30 states citation needed Advocacy groups for pedestrians and the blind in the US have been critical of Segway PT use America Walks 130 and the American Council of the Blind oppose allowing people even those with disabilities to drive the Segway PT on sidewalks and have actively lobbied against any such legislation 131 Today Segways are allowed on sidewalks in most states though local municipalities may forbid them Many states also allow them on bicycle lanes or on roads with speed limits of up to 25 mph 40 km h 132 In 2011 the U S government Department of Justice amending regulations that implement title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act ADA ruled that the Segway is an other power driven mobility device and its use must be permitted unless the covered entity can demonstrate that users cannot operate the class of devices in accordance with legitimate safety requirements 133 A fact sheet published by the US Justice Department states People with mobility circulatory respiratory or neurological disabilities use many kinds of devices for mobility Some use walkers canes crutches or braces Some use manual or power wheelchairs or electric scooters In addition advances in technology have given rise to new devices such as Segways that some people with disabilities use as mobility devices including many veterans injured while serving in the military And more advanced devices will inevitably be invented providing more mobility options for people with disabilities There is some allowance in only some very specific circumstances where usage would be considered unsafe 134 Semi ambulatory Americans have previously benefitted from Segway use even in New York City 135 Segs4Vets provides Segway PTs to permanently injured military veterans 136 San Francisco banned the Segway PT from sidewalks over safety concerns in 2002 137 The District of Columbia categorizes Segways as a personal mobility device which means Segway users follow D C s bicycle laws which do not require Segway users to wear helmets and other protective gear Users are not allowed to wear headphones with the exception of hearing aids or other devices that only require the use of one ear 138 139 Mexico edit In Mexico there is no regulation that limits Segway use in public spaces 140 Oceania edit Australia edit The authorities stated in late 2015 that self balancing hoverboards must not be ridden on the carriageway or sidewalk in the state of New South Wales since they are categorised as motor vehicles but don t comply with any existing vehicle class They did also say that our road safety experts in the Centre for Road Safety are currently working with their counterparts across the country on national laws and safety standards for these personal electric transport devices so we can figure out how and where people can use them safely 141 142 Other states in Australia have yet to make a clear decision or announcement on legality and enforcement and are relying on existing laws in place 143 They are free to use on private property 143 In Australia laws are determined at the state amp territory level each differing in their adoption of the Australian Road Rules It is generally illegal to use Segway PTs in public places and on roads throughout Australia In the Australian Capital Territory use of Segways is illegal on roads and other public places but as of June 2012 update was permitted around Canberra s Lake Burley Griffin and other tourist attractions subject to training safety equipment and speed limit requirements 144 145 In New South Wales the Segway has been confirmed by the Roads amp Traffic Authority as being illegal on both roads and footpaths In simple terms riders are way too exposed to mix with general traffic on a road and too fast heavy and consequently dangerous to other users on footpaths or cycle paths 146 Although this does not render them totally illegal they may still for example be used on private property their uses are limited enough that they are not sold to the general public In Queensland the use of the Segway became legal on 1 August 2013 Queensland transport Minister Scott Emerson noted that it makes sense for Segways to be allowed on public paths across Queensland given users wear helmets In Western Australia the law enables Electric Personal Transporters EPT Segways to be used as part of a supervised commercial tour being run by an operator that holds the appropriate approvals You may use an EPT on private property Tour operators should approach the Local Authority where they wish to operate the tour Local authorities have ultimate responsibility for approving tour operators within their respective areas 147 148 New Zealand edit In New Zealand the Segway PT is classed as a mobility device in the same category as a mobility scooter or electric wheelchair Mobility Devices must be ridden on footpaths where possible at a speed that does not endanger others and give way to pedestrians 149 This ruling might not be consistently applied in 2011 police in Taupō had to stop using Segways because there is no separate vehicle classification that applies to them requiring their registration as roadworthy in the same manner as cars 150 Gallery edit nbsp Airwheel Q5 a dual wheeled self balancing unicycle nbsp Airwheel E6 nbsp Easy glider nbsp A self balancing scooter with handlebars nbsp Segway miniPRO nbsp A modern electric kick scooter nbsp Segway PT equipped for mail delivery in the United States nbsp RYNO single wheeled self balancing motorcycle nbsp Airwheel S8 a self balancing scooter with seat nbsp Various electric skateboards nbsp A self balancing single wheeled board nbsp Segway prohibition sign Germany nbsp UNI CUB concept from Honda 2013 nbsp U3 X concept from Honda 2009 See also editAlternatives to car use Electric bicycle laws Light electric vehicle Personal public transport Personal rapid transit Battery electric vehicle BEV References edit Powered transporters UK Department of Transport 13 July 2020 Retrieved 16 June 2021 a b Information Sheet Guidance on Powered Transporters Department for Transport December 2015 a b c Managing Personal Mobility Devices PMDs on Nonmotorized Facilities PDF Victoria Transport Policy Institute 25 January 2017 EU regulations for e bikes pedelecs and speed pedelecs Bike Europe Archived from the original on 13 March 2015 Retrieved 4 May 2020 5 701 965 Human transporter Segway Patent Information PDF Segway Inc Archived from the original PDF on 21 July 2017 Retrieved 6 July 2017 US Patent 302 230 Machrone Bill 3 December 2001 Ginger Unveiled It s a Scooter Extremetech com Archived from the original on 24 April 2008 Retrieved 11 March 2009 Journal entry for 25 September 2004 Live Journal 25 September 2004 Focus Designs selling one wheeled EV for commuter s last mile Portland Business Journal US Patent 8 807 250 With Solowheel Shane Chen s Inventist company plans to expand Oregon Live 30 May 2013 Two wheel self balancing vehicle with independently movable foot placement sections US 8738278 B2 Hovertrax Kickstarter 1 May 2013 More than 500 000 hoverboards are being recalled The Verge 6 July 2016 Retrieved 11 October 2016 Self Balancing Scooters Hoverboards Recalled by 10 Firms Due to Fire Hazard Consumer Product Safety Commission Retrieved 12 July 2016 a b Altered ExKate History Altered AxKate History Of Electric Skateboarding Electric Longboard magnetoelectricskateboard 28 January 2023 US Patent 5893425A Remote control electric powered skateboard About us Fiik Skateboards The ZBoard The Weight sensing Electric Skateboard KickStarter April 2012 I rode the ZBoard in Las Vegas and it changed my life The Verge 11 January 2013 a b c 2017 will be an important year for personal electric vehicles of all sizes The Verge 31 December 2017 These are things you can expect to hear touted in 2017 by the companies that make what we at The Verge call electric rideables an imperfect catch all term that covers everything from electric skateboards to hoverboards to whatever Electric unicycle catches fire at block of flats in Deptford News Shopper 14 August 2018 Retrieved 12 September 2019 Sampson Ian 23 August 2018 Official Statement from InMotion regarding Grey Imports Speedy Feet Retrieved 12 September 2019 Standard for Electrical Systems for Personal E Mobility Devices 2019 02 25 Retrieved 13 September 2019 Lee Joshua Is your PMD UL2272 certified We explain what that actually means amp why it needs to be mothership Retrieved 12 September 2019 Yusof Amir PMD retailers left disappointed after meeting with LTA as fire safety criterion puts brakes on e scooter sales Channel News Asia Retrieved 8 October 2019 Adoption of the UL2272 Certification for Motorised PMDs Land Transport Authority 5 Aug 2019 Retrieved 24 Sept 2019 Rideables are so hot right now we put them to the test Wired Rideables could be the future of urban mobility if only they were legal City Metric No car no problem 17 of the slickest electric rides Engadget these electric rideables help save time and fossil fuels All you need to know about owning an electric scooter or unicycle in Singapore stuff tv Whether Personal Electric Vehicles are legal where you can ride them and more A Tiny Personal Transporter That Looks Like a MacBook You Can Ride Gizmodo images 7 August 2015 Electrify your commute CNET Could a portable electric vehicle get you the rest of the way Immotor GO The Most Portable Personal Vehicle EVER Indegogo New Regulations on the Use of Personal Mobility Devices in Singapore 7 April 2017 Certification for Next Generation Personal e Mobility Underwriters Laboratory a b New Hoverboard Rules Coming to California on January 1 NBC Bay Area 29 December 2015 EU Safety Standard for Segway s To Come Bike Europe 19 January 2016 Electronic personal assistive mobility devices One wheeled self balancing devices PDF 24 July 2015 Retrieved 11 July 2017 a b BIVV New urban mobility Trottinette electrique gyropode monocycle etc in French Vasilij Kuznecov 27 March 2023 Cto nuzno znatʹ o poezdkah na elektrosamokatah v 2023 godu Chto nuzhno znat o poezdkah na elektrosamokatah v 2023 godu What You Need to Know About Electric Kick Scooter Trips in 2023 Kommersant Kommersant in Russian Retrieved 1 May 2023 Ab Ghani Suliana Rashid M I M Sulaiman Mohd Herwan Noor M K M Subari Norazian Ramli Noor Lina 1 April 2016 Self balancing unicycle controlled by using arduino ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences 11 7 4239 4244 via ResearchGate Robertson Bill The Onewheel Pint Is The Fun Machine From The Future You Need To Experience Forbes Retrieved 1 August 2019 LIPO vs LI ION Electric Skateboard Battery Chemistry Electric skateboard 9 May 2016 Batteries Carried by Airline Passengers Frequently Asked Questions PDF Federal Aviation Administration Items that are allowed in baggage Lithium batteries Civil Aviation authority UK Small Vehicles Powered by Lithium Batteries Passenger Provisions Updated February 2016 PDF International Air Transport Association The 9 Best Electric Skateboards of 2017 TechGearLab All you need to know about rechargeable batteries Electric Unicycles eu Will Hub Motors Redefine The Electric Skateboard Industry Or Is It Just Another Fad Electric boarding 11 April 2016 Bamboo Series Evolve Skateboards 3000 watt high performance custom made sensored dual brush out runner motors Cody Jarrad Gol Ozdemir Nedic Zorica Nafalski Andrew Mohtar Aaron 2009 Regenerative braking in an electric vehicle Maszyny Elektryczne 81 113 118 S2CID 11333284 立法會十三題 電動可移動工具 info gov hk 30 January 2019 2019 04 12 Electric Mobility Devices are banned on roads Road Safety Council 2019 04 12 Cheng Kris 22 October 2015 30 years on from Back to the Future present day hoverboards are outlawed in Hong Kong Hong Kong Free Press Retrieved 13 December 2015 道路上禁止使用電動可移動工具 Transport Department January 2016 2019 04 12 電動滑板車奪命 運輸署 電動可移動工具不獲發牌 因不符安全標準 Ming Pao 2019 12 03 Transportation regulations rsa gov il Retrieved 4 July 2011 石田真一 12 April 2004 セグウェイ は整備不良 50万円の罰金命令 in Japanese Response jp Retrieved 11 March 2009 Will Segway sci fi ever be everyday fact The Japan Times Online 15 November 2009 Sometimes we should all just step back a little The National Thenational ae 2 September 2015 Retrieved 12 October 2015 Using e scooter on trains buses smooth process All you need to know about owning an electric scooter or unicycle in Singapore Abdullah Zhaki E scooter ban on footpaths to extend to all motorised PMDs under amendments to Active Mobility Act Channel News Asia Retrieved 8 January 2020 Toh Ting Wei Cyclists and PMD users concerned about new ban in common areas town councils say rule to remain Straits Times 15 September 2019 Personal Light Electric Vehicle PLEV standard Traffic and Mobility a new work item emerged in the second half of 2013 to work on Personal Light Electric Vehicles PLEVs and self balancing vehicles e g segways scooters without seating position hoverboards The standard is expected to be published in 2017 Personal mobility device voortbewegingstoestel Archived from the original on 20 July 2021 Retrieved 17 July 2017 An amendment proposal for the ordinance no 294 2015 Sb ODok Government of the Czech Republic 14 January 2016 Asociace Segway CR sdruzeni provozovatelu Segway tours asociace segway cz Archived from the original on 19 February 2016 Retrieved 4 May 2020 Robert Oppelt Segwaye jsou horsi nez hazard a nevestince rika starosta Prahy 1 Metro cz 14 May 2015 a b Zakaz vjezdu vozitek segway upravuji v Praze dve dopravni znacky Ceske noviny 8 12 2015 CTK 1 Prazsky denik 8 12 2015 Na Vysehrad nesmi vozitka segway Praha 2 jim to zakazala iDnes cz 28 7 2015 CTK Metro cz Zakaz vjezdu tzv samobalancnich dvoukolek segway do arealu Klementina Archived 2016 03 05 at the Wayback Machine Ministerstvo kultury CR 15 8 2014 Narizeni c 14 2016 Sb hl m Prahy kterym se vymezuji mista kde je provozovani osobniho prepravniku na chodniku stezce pro chodce stezce pro chodce a cyklisty na oddelenem pruhu pro chodce na stezce pro chodce a cyklisty na pesich a obytnych zonach a na vozovce zakazano Archived 23 September 2016 at the Wayback Machine Council of Prague 19 July 2016 map Dave Park Prague Segway Ban Takes Effect from August And it s stricter than anticipated Segways will not only be forbidden to ride on sidewalks but also roads throughout many Prague districts Expats cz 18 July 2016 Robert Oppelt Segway no way Velky plan metropole se konecne naplni Metro 14 11 2016 str 2 Praha nechala vyvesit plakaty upozornujici na zakaz segwayu Denik cz 8 8 2016 CTK Michaela Bunova Prvni znacka uz zakazuje segway pokutovat ale straznici zatim nemohou iDnes cz 25 11 2016 Faerdselsstyrelse En Segway er en knallert in Danish Danmarks Radio 24 August 2007 Retrieved 23 October 2007 Forlaengelse af forsog med elektrisk drevne en akslede koretojer Faerdselstyrelsen 23 December 2011 Archived from the original on 9 August 2016 Retrieved 2 May 2012 Lightweight electric vehicles to be legal in road traffic 17 September 2015 Muutosta aletaan valmistella Kevyet sahkokulkuneuvot laillisiksi liikennekaytossa in Finnish Liikenne ja viestintaministerio 31 March 2015 Retrieved 11 April 2015 a b Trottinette electrique ce que dit la loi 17 June 2019 Me Samuel Cornut Avocat 16 September 2019 L indemnisation du conducteur d une trottinette victime d un accident in French legavox fr Retrieved 5 April 2021 France Introduces New Rules for Rideables Rideables Community 30 October 2019 Retrieved 1 November 2019 How safe are electric scooters BBC News 5 May 2019 Retrieved 17 October 2019 Strassenzulassung fur das self balancing board MOT approval for the self balancing board Self Balancing Board in German Archived from the original on 2 August 2016 Retrieved 4 December 2015 Pauly Bastian YouTuber darkviktory mit illegalem Einrad ertappt Markische Allgemeine Zeitung Bundesgesetzblatt Verordnung uber die Teilnahme elektronischer Mobilitatshilfen am Verkehr PDF in German 24 June 2009 Retrieved 29 April 2010 Hanol Erzsebet 17 August 2015 Csodajargannyal keltenek feltunest a kozterulet felugyelok Tolnai Nepujsag in Hungarian Mediaworks Retrieved 5 June 2017 Normativa Vigente in Italian Archived from the original on 21 June 2011 Mag ik met een hoverboard op de openbare weg rijden May I use the self balancing board in public streets Rijksoverheid on Hoverboards in Dutch 7 December 2015 Retrieved 15 February 2016 Wat zijn de verkeersregels voor skaters in Dutch 30 July 2012 Archived from the original on 12 June 2018 Retrieved 9 July 2017 Stevenson Reed 18 April 2008 Dutch to ease ban on self balancing Segway scooter Technology Reuters Retrieved 11 March 2009 RTL Nieuws nl Segway voor gehandicapten toegestaan Rtl nl Retrieved 11 March 2009 Self balancing Scooters Banned on Dutch roads Segways remain legal DailyHover com Retrieved 11 April 2016 Politiet Segway ulovlig i Norge in Norwegian Politiet 8 June 2005 Archived from the original on 30 September 2013 Retrieved 22 September 2013 Boxing and Segways to be Legal in Norway 4 October 2013 Ertesvag Frank 13 June 2014 Segway blir lov fra 1 juli VG Ustawa z dnia 30 marca 2021 r o zmianie ustawy Prawo o ruchu drogowym oraz niektorych innych ustaw Dz U z 2021 r poz 720 New rules for scooter users a follow up of NIK s recommendation Supreme Audit Office www nik gov pl Retrieved 7 April 2022 Segways sao legais e voltam as ruas de Lisboa Portugal in Portuguese Policia Municipal de Coimbra acquire Segway PT i2 Segway in Portuguese dead link Segway Support Lagar amp regler Segway se Archived from the original on 8 March 2009 Retrieved 11 March 2009 Segway klassad som cykel Dagens Nyheter in Swedish DN se 18 December 2008 Retrieved 11 March 2009 Nu galler nya regler for elsparkcyklar Transportstyrelsen www transportstyrelsen se in Swedish Retrieved 28 November 2022 Bundesrat beschliesst Erleichterungen fur gewisse Elektrofahrzeuge Federal Council decides to provide relief for certain electric vehicles in German Facilitation of traffic for Segway PT effective as of 1st June 2015 a b Griffin Andrew 12 October 2015 Hoverboards banned law making self balancing scooters illegal was passed in 1835 The Independent Archived from the original on 25 May 2022 Retrieved 4 December 2015 DfT Guidance on Powered Transporters Road Traffic Offences Crown Prosecution service Legalize Segways Go Peds And Other Personal Electric Transporters GovYou 20 October 2015 E scooter trials guidance for users 17 May 2023 Politics MPs want Segways allowed on roads BBC News 22 April 2008 Retrieved 11 March 2009 Judgement in R v Phillip Coates at Barnsley Magistrates Court PDF Judiciary gov uk 18 January 2011 Archived from the original PDF on 24 January 2011 Retrieved 20 January 2011 Barnsley Segway scooter commuter in legal first BBC News 16 July 2010 Retrieved 3 August 2010 Segway Motor Scooter Commuter Loses Legal Challenge BBC News 18 January 2011 Coates v Crown Prosecution Service 2011 EWHC 2032 Admin British and Irish Legal Information Institute 29 July 2011 Retrieved 1 August 2011 Tchir Jason 15 October 2015 I want to buy a hoverboard can I legally use it in Toronto The Globe and Mail The Globe and Mail Retrieved 4 December 2015 BC Segway Scooters Legal Vehicle cbc ca 13 July 2009 Archived from the original on 28 December 2010 Frequently Asked Questions Segway Human Transporter Personal Transporter Pilot Test 13 July 2009 Archived from the original on 6 July 2011 Friedland Jonathan 2 November 2015 UCPD to restrict and regulate on campus hoverboard usage Daily Bruin UCLA Retrieved 24 December 2015 Lawmakers Look to Make Riding Hoverboards Legal in NYC NBC New York 29 December 2015 Retrieved 7 January 2016 Laws Struggle to Keep Up as Hoverboards Popularity Soars The New York Times 26 November 2015 Scooters Hoverboards and Bicycles What s Legal CityLand 25 February 2016 New Yorkers enjoy many new forms of transportation such as electric scooters electric bicycles hoverboards skateboards in line skates electric wheelchairs and more The laws governing these forms of transportation are confusing and mostly unenforced if they are even enforceable Schwartz John 23 January 2003 On the Pavement a New Contender The New York Times Retrieved 20 March 2009 The American Council of the Blind s official position Archived from the original on 28 September 2007 The Segway may well have a good use and place in our environment but it is clear that insufficient attention is being paid to pedestrian safety and injuries and deaths are not the price we should be paying for innovation Segway Laws Ghsa org Archived from the original on 19 July 2008 Retrieved 11 March 2009 FACT SHEET Highlights of the Final Rule to Amend the Department of Justice s Regulation Implementing Title II of the ADA Archived 2018 07 21 at the Wayback Machine United States Department of Justice Retrieved 26 October 2012 Wheelchairs Mobility Aids and Other Power Driven Mobility Devices 5 June 2023 Disabled Embrace Segway The New York Times 14 October 2004 Thornton Patrick 15 May 2008 Wounded Vets Increase Mobility with Segways Military com San Francisco News Showing Segway the Highway Sfweekly com 18 December 2002 Retrieved 11 March 2009 How are segways regulated in D C Washington City Paper 26 April 2013 Retrieved 17 October 2013 Bicycle Laws Archived from the original on 21 October 2013 Retrieved 18 August 2017 FAQ Segway Mexico Archived from the original on 19 October 2012 New South Wales Is Another State Where Self Balancing Scooters Are Banned Autoevolution 25 November 2015 Retrieved 8 December 2015 Hoverboards Illegal in NSW Sydney Observer Magazine 24 November 2015 Retrieved 8 December 2015 a b Butler Josh 10 March 2015 Self Balancing Scooters Shaky Under Australian Law Huffington Post Retrieved 8 December 2015 Canberra Segway ban lifted 12 June 2012 Archived from the original on 11 April 2017 Retrieved 18 August 2017 A Review of Segway Use and Commercialisation in the Australian Capital Territory Feb 2012 Retrieved 13 December 2012 Segway test ride a mock horse Sydney Morning Herald 3 January 2008 Retrieved 11 March 2009 Changes to allow limited use of segways Minister for Transport Western Australia 14 April 2013 Archived from the original on 9 May 2013 Electric Personal Transporters EPT Segways Department of Transport Western Australia 18 April 2013 Segway NZ Segway Support Regulatory Information Archived 2010 12 20 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 28 October 2010 AFP 20 January 2011 Police Segways fall foul of NZ law ABC News Retrieved 13 February 2011 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Personal transporters CEN TC 354 WG 4 Light electric vehicles and self balancing vehicles DIN de CEN TC 354 Non type approved light motorized vehicles for the transportation of persons and goods and related facilities Use of personal mobility devices for first and last mile travel The MacquarieRyde trial PDF Proceedings of the 2015 Australasian Road Safety Conference Business plan CEN TC 354 Non type approved light motorized vehicles for the transportation of personal and goods and related facilities Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Personal transporter 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