"Parwan" redirects here. For the locality in Australia, see Parwan, Victoria.
Parwan (Dari: پروان), also spelled Parvan, is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan. It has a population of about 751,000.[3] The province is multi-ethnic and mostly rural society. The province is divided into ten districts. The town of Imam Abu Hanifa serves as the provincial capital. The province is located north of Kabul Province and south of Baghlan Province, west of Panjshir Province and Kapisa Province, and east of Maidan Wardak Province and Bamyan Province. The province famous tourism attraction is the Golghondi Hill, also known as “the flower hill,” is located in Imam Azam city of the ancient Parwan province about an hour away from the capital city of Kabul.[1] After Panjshir this province has been considered as one of the main raising points of Afghanistan War against Soviets.
The name Parwan is also attributed to a town, the exact location of which is now unknown, that supposedly existed during prehistory, in the nearby Hindu Kush mountains.[5]
Despite a four-decade-long state of war in Afghanistan, Parwan was relatively free of conflict by the mid-2010s. While occasional attacks on government or international forces were reported, they were usually minor.[citation needed] Such incidents in Parwan mostly involved grenade attacks on the residences of government officials or roadside bombs.[6]Bagram Air Base, which was one of the largest US military bases in Afghanistan, is located in Parwan.
We halted next at a place called Banj Hir (Panjshir), which means "Five Mountains," where there was once a fine and populous city built on a great river with blue water like the sea. This country was devastated by Tinkiz, the king of the Tatars, and has not been inhabited since. We came to a mountain called Pashay, where there is a convent of the Shaykh Ata Awliya, which means "Father of the Saints." He is also called Sisad Salah, which is the Persian for "three hundred years," because they say that he is three hundred and fifty years old. They have a very high opinion of him and come to visit him from the towns and villages, and sultans and princesses visit him too. He received us with honor and made us his guests. We encamped by a river near his convent and went to see him, and when I saluted him he embraced me. His skin is fresh and smoother than any I have seen; anyone seeing him would take him to be fifty years old. He told me that he grew new hair and teeth every hundred years. I had some doubts about him, however, and God knows how much truth there is in what he says. We traveled thence to Parwan, where I met the amir Buruntayh. He treated me well and wrote to his representatives at Ghazna enjoining them to show me honor. We went on to the village of Charkh [Charikar], it being now summer, and from there to the town of Ghazna. This is the town of the famous warrior-sultan Mahmud ibn Sabuktagin, one of the greatest of rulers, who made frequent raids into India and captured cities and fortresses there.[7]
The area was subsequently ruled by the Timurids and Mughals until Ahmad Shah Durrani made it part of the Durrani Empire in 1747. In 1840, Parwan was the site of a major battle in the First Anglo-Afghan War where the invading British were defeated.[5] Parwan's modern history began with the construction of a new textile factory in the town of Jabal Saraj in 1937.[5] Parwan was involved in the Soviet–Afghan War as some of the fiercest fightings took place in the area.[8] In the 1990s it was the site of heavy resistance against the Taliban.
Recent history
Computer class at the Korean Education and Cultural Center in Parwan.
Since the removal of the Taliban in late 2001, the United States Armed Forces took control of Bagram Air Base and began using it as one of their main bases in Afghanistan. A Provincial Reconstruction Team (PRT) led by South Korea helped the locals with development activities in the province until 2014.[9] In mid-February 2011, five rocket-propelled grenades hit the newly built South Korean military base housing the provincial reconstruction team and civilian aid workers. No one was injured in the attack, but it came hours after a visit by South Korean Defense Minister Kim Kwan-jin, raising suspicions of Taliban involvement. The opening ceremony of the base was postponed indefinitely.[10]
A plan to build a power plant in the province is under consideration. A large portion of Parwan's economy relies on remittances from the Afghan diaspora living abroad.
In July 2012, the Taliban executed a married woman in front of a large crowd after she was found guilty of adultery.[11] It was reported that the woman had a secret affair with a married military commander of the Afghan National Army. In August 2021, Parwan was captured by the Taliban during their offensive.
The percentage of households with clean drinking water fell from 32% in 2005 to 11% in 2011.[12] The percentage of births attended to by a skilled birth attendant increased from 4% in 2005 to 7% in 2011.[12]
The overall literacy rate (6+ years of age) fell from 37% in 2005 to 28% in 2011.[12] The overall net enrolment rate (6–13 years of age) increased from 42% in 2005 to 54% in 2011.[12]
As of 2020, the total population of the province is about 751,000,[3] which is multi-ethnic and mostly a rural society. 8 percent of the population lived below the national poverty line, the second lowest figure in Afghanistan behind only Logar Province.[13]
Around three quarters (73%) of the population of Parwan lives in rural districts, while one quarter (27%) lives in urban areas, Around 50% of the population is male and 50% is female. Persian (Dari dialect) and Pashto are the main languages spoken in the province; however Persian speakers outnumber Pashto speakers by a ratio of 5 to 2.[4] Parwan province also has a population of Kuchis or nomads whose numbers vary in different seasons. In winter 30,290 Kuchi live in Parwan province, of which 66% are short-range migratory and the remaining 34% are long-range migratory. During the summer, Kuchi migrate to Parwan province from Laghman, Kapisa, Baghlan and to a lesser extent from Kabul, Nangarhar and Kunar. The Kuchi population in the summer is 121,517 individuals.[15]
Near the Shibar Pass that connects Parwan to Bamyan.
A road in the Parwan Province, near the Sayed Bridge which is located short distance north from Bagram Air Base.
Fields near the Sayed Bridge
School girls in a rural area of Parwan
A member of the Afghan National Police trying to control local children awaiting the distribution of goods from the U.S. military for the winter months.
^ abcd"Estimated Population of Afghanistan 2021-22" (PDF). National Statistic and Information Authority (NSIA). April 2021. (PDF) from the original on June 29, 2021. Retrieved June 21, 2021.
^ ab(PDF). United Nations. Afghanistan's Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 1, 2015. Retrieved June 1, 2015. Persian and Pashto are the main languages spoken in the province; however Persian speakers outnumber Pashto speakers by a ratio of 5 to 2.
^"Regional Command East: Parwan Province". Institute for the Study of War. Retrieved June 16, 2013.
^Ibn Battuta (2004). Travels in Asia and Africa, 1325-1354 (reprint, illustrated ed.). Routledge. p. 179. ISBN0-415-34473-5. Retrieved September 10, 2010.
^"Charikar". The Columbia Encyclopedia (Sixth ed.). Columbia University Press. 2007. Retrieved December 19, 2007.
^Ha-won, Jung (July 2, 2010). "Rocket attack on Korean compound in Parwan". Joongang Daily. Retrieved June 16, 2013.
^Moon, Gwang-lip (December 2, 2011). "Taliban strike on Koreans confirmed". Joongang Daily. Retrieved November 2, 2011.
^. July 8, 2012. Archived from the original on July 8, 2012.
^ abcd. CimicWeb. Archived from the original on May 31, 2014. Retrieved May 30, 2014.
^Giustozzi, Antonio (August 29, 2012). Decoding the New Taliban: Insights from the Afghan Field. C. Hurst (Publishers) Limited. ISBN9781849042260 – via Google Books.
^"Parwan Province". Program for Culture & Conflict Studies. Naval Postgraduate School. Retrieved June 16, 2013. The population of approximately 560,000 is composed of Pashtun, Tajik, Uzbek, Qizilbash, Kuchi, Hazara, Turkmen and other minority groups.
parwan, province, parwan, redirects, here, locality, australia, parwan, victoria, parwan, dari, پروان, also, spelled, parvan, provinces, afghanistan, population, about, province, multi, ethnic, mostly, rural, society, province, divided, into, districts, town, . Parwan redirects here For the locality in Australia see Parwan Victoria Parwan Dari پروان also spelled Parvan is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan It has a population of about 751 000 3 The province is multi ethnic and mostly rural society The province is divided into ten districts The town of Imam Abu Hanifa serves as the provincial capital The province is located north of Kabul Province and south of Baghlan Province west of Panjshir Province and Kapisa Province and east of Maidan Wardak Province and Bamyan Province The province famous tourism attraction is the Golghondi Hill also known as the flower hill is located in Imam Azam city of the ancient Parwan province about an hour away from the capital city of Kabul 1 After Panjshir this province has been considered as one of the main raising points of Afghanistan War against Soviets Parwan پروانProvinceThe Salang Pass during winterMap of Afghanistan with Parwan highlightedCoordinates Capital 35 00 N 69 00 E 35 0 N 69 0 E 35 0 69 0 Coordinates 35 00 N 69 00 E 35 0 N 69 0 E 35 0 69 0Country AfghanistanCapitalImam Abu HanifaGovernment GovernorMullah Mohammad Farid Omar 1 Deputy GovernorMaulvi Dost Mohammad Haqqani 2 Area Total5 974 km2 2 307 sq mi Population 2021 3 Total751 040 Density130 km2 330 sq mi Time zoneUTC 4 30 Afghanistan Time ISO 3166 codeAF PARMain languagesDari 4 The name Parwan is also attributed to a town the exact location of which is now unknown that supposedly existed during prehistory in the nearby Hindu Kush mountains 5 Despite a four decade long state of war in Afghanistan Parwan was relatively free of conflict by the mid 2010s While occasional attacks on government or international forces were reported they were usually minor citation needed Such incidents in Parwan mostly involved grenade attacks on the residences of government officials or roadside bombs 6 Bagram Air Base which was one of the largest US military bases in Afghanistan is located in Parwan Contents 1 History 1 1 Recent history 2 Healthcare 3 Education 4 Demographics and geography 4 1 Districts 4 2 Notable towns and villages 5 Gallery 6 See also 7 References 8 External linksHistory EditFurther information History of AfghanistanIn 329 BC Alexander the Great founded the settlement of Parwan as his Alexandria of the Caucasus It was conquered by Arab Muslims in 792 AD 5 In 1221 the province was the site of the battle between the invading Mongols led by Genghis Khan and the Khwarezmian Empire led by Jalal ad Din Mingburnu where the Mongols were defeated 5 The famous Moroccan traveler and scholar Ibn Battuta visiting the area in 1333 write We halted next at a place called Banj Hir Panjshir which means Five Mountains where there was once a fine and populous city built on a great river with blue water like the sea This country was devastated by Tinkiz the king of the Tatars and has not been inhabited since We came to a mountain called Pashay where there is a convent of the Shaykh Ata Awliya which means Father of the Saints He is also called Sisad Salah which is the Persian for three hundred years because they say that he is three hundred and fifty years old They have a very high opinion of him and come to visit him from the towns and villages and sultans and princesses visit him too He received us with honor and made us his guests We encamped by a river near his convent and went to see him and when I saluted him he embraced me His skin is fresh and smoother than any I have seen anyone seeing him would take him to be fifty years old He told me that he grew new hair and teeth every hundred years I had some doubts about him however and God knows how much truth there is in what he says We traveled thence to Parwan where I met the amir Buruntayh He treated me well and wrote to his representatives at Ghazna enjoining them to show me honor We went on to the village of Charkh Charikar it being now summer and from there to the town of Ghazna This is the town of the famous warrior sultan Mahmud ibn Sabuktagin one of the greatest of rulers who made frequent raids into India and captured cities and fortresses there 7 Ibn Battuta 1304 1369 The area was subsequently ruled by the Timurids and Mughals until Ahmad Shah Durrani made it part of the Durrani Empire in 1747 In 1840 Parwan was the site of a major battle in the First Anglo Afghan War where the invading British were defeated 5 Parwan s modern history began with the construction of a new textile factory in the town of Jabal Saraj in 1937 5 Parwan was involved in the Soviet Afghan War as some of the fiercest fightings took place in the area 8 In the 1990s it was the site of heavy resistance against the Taliban Recent history Edit Computer class at the Korean Education and Cultural Center in Parwan Since the removal of the Taliban in late 2001 the United States Armed Forces took control of Bagram Air Base and began using it as one of their main bases in Afghanistan A Provincial Reconstruction Team PRT led by South Korea helped the locals with development activities in the province until 2014 9 In mid February 2011 five rocket propelled grenades hit the newly built South Korean military base housing the provincial reconstruction team and civilian aid workers No one was injured in the attack but it came hours after a visit by South Korean Defense Minister Kim Kwan jin raising suspicions of Taliban involvement The opening ceremony of the base was postponed indefinitely 10 A plan to build a power plant in the province is under consideration A large portion of Parwan s economy relies on remittances from the Afghan diaspora living abroad In July 2012 the Taliban executed a married woman in front of a large crowd after she was found guilty of adultery 11 It was reported that the woman had a secret affair with a married military commander of the Afghan National Army In August 2021 Parwan was captured by the Taliban during their offensive Healthcare EditFurther information Health in Afghanistan The percentage of households with clean drinking water fell from 32 in 2005 to 11 in 2011 12 The percentage of births attended to by a skilled birth attendant increased from 4 in 2005 to 7 in 2011 12 Education EditFurther information Education in Afghanistan The overall literacy rate 6 years of age fell from 37 in 2005 to 28 in 2011 12 The overall net enrolment rate 6 13 years of age increased from 42 in 2005 to 54 in 2011 12 Demographics and geography EditFurther information Demography of Afghanistan Districts of Parwan province As of 2020 the total population of the province is about 751 000 3 which is multi ethnic and mostly a rural society 8 percent of the population lived below the national poverty line the second lowest figure in Afghanistan behind only Logar Province 13 According to the Naval Postgraduate School the ethnic groups of the province are as follows Tajiks Hazaras Uzbeks Pashtuns Kuchis and other minority groups 14 According to Afghanistan s Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development Around three quarters 73 of the population of Parwan lives in rural districts while one quarter 27 lives in urban areas Around 50 of the population is male and 50 is female Persian Dari dialect and Pashto are the main languages spoken in the province however Persian speakers outnumber Pashto speakers by a ratio of 5 to 2 4 Parwan province also has a population of Kuchis or nomads whose numbers vary in different seasons In winter 30 290 Kuchi live in Parwan province of which 66 are short range migratory and the remaining 34 are long range migratory During the summer Kuchi migrate to Parwan province from Laghman Kapisa Baghlan and to a lesser extent from Kabul Nangarhar and Kunar The Kuchi population in the summer is 121 517 individuals 15 Districts Edit As per the figures below based on the ethnographics of each district as well as the density and therefore the inhabitability of each district the province has a population of approximately 878 192 and is approximately 90 Tajik 7 Pashtun mostly Safi Kohi Safi Jabal Saraj Sayed Khel and Bagram Niazi Bagram and Charikar Kharoti Bagram and Shinwari tribes Shinwari and Ghorband and 3 Hazara Surkhi Parsa and Sheikh Ali Districts of Parwan Province District Capital Population 2022 3 Ethnicity 16 Bagram 69 659 80 Tajik and 20 PashtunCharikar capital 336 695 TajikGhorband 54 110 75 Tajik and 25 PashtunJabal Saraj 151 705 TajikKohi Safi 19 895 PashtunsSalang 49 095 TajikSayed Khel 127 296 TajikShekh Ali 16 667 HazaraShinwari 28 512 52 Pashtun and 48 TajikSurkhi Parsa 24 557 70 Tajiks and 30 HazaraNotable towns and villages Edit Gulbahar AfghanistanGallery EditImages of Parwan Province Near the Shibar Pass that connects Parwan to Bamyan A road in the Parwan Province near the Sayed Bridge which is located short distance north from Bagram Air Base Fields near the Sayed Bridge School girls in a rural area of Parwan A member of the Afghan National Police trying to control local children awaiting the distribution of goods from the U S military for the winter months Afghan women working inside a factory in ParwanSee also EditProvinces of Afghanistan Battle of ParwanReferences Edit د پروان د استخباراتو نوي رييس په کار پيل وکړ باختر خبری آژانس November 4 2021 نشست محاکم پروان برگزار شد آژانس خبری باختر August 31 2021 a b c d Estimated Population of Afghanistan 2021 22 PDF National Statistic and Information Authority NSIA April 2021 Archived PDF from the original on June 29 2021 Retrieved June 21 2021 a b Parwan Provincial profile PDF United Nations Afghanistan s Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development Archived from the original PDF on June 1 2015 Retrieved June 1 2015 Persian and Pashto are the main languages spoken in the province however Persian speakers outnumber Pashto speakers by a ratio of 5 to 2 a b c d e Frye Richard Nelson 1999 Farran also Parwan Encyclopaedia of Islam CD ROM Edition v 1 0 Leiden The Netherlands Koninklijke Brill NV Retrieved on December 18 2007 Regional Command East Parwan Province Institute for the Study of War Retrieved June 16 2013 Ibn Battuta 2004 Travels in Asia and Africa 1325 1354 reprint illustrated ed Routledge p 179 ISBN 0 415 34473 5 Retrieved September 10 2010 Charikar The Columbia Encyclopedia Sixth ed Columbia University Press 2007 Retrieved December 19 2007 Ha won Jung July 2 2010 Rocket attack on Korean compound in Parwan Joongang Daily Retrieved June 16 2013 Moon Gwang lip December 2 2011 Taliban strike on Koreans confirmed Joongang Daily Retrieved November 2 2011 Video Afghan Taliban publicly execute woman World news South and Central Asia Afghanistan msnbc com July 8 2012 Archived from the original on July 8 2012 a b c d Parwan Province CimicWeb Archived from the original on May 31 2014 Retrieved May 30 2014 Giustozzi Antonio August 29 2012 Decoding the New Taliban Insights from the Afghan Field C Hurst Publishers Limited ISBN 9781849042260 via Google Books Parwan Province Program for Culture amp Conflict Studies Naval Postgraduate School Retrieved June 16 2013 The population of approximately 560 000 is composed of Pashtun Tajik Uzbek Qizilbash Kuchi Hazara Turkmen and other minority groups Parwan Province B Demography and Population PDF United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan and Afghanistan Statistical Yearbook 2006 Central Statistics Office Afghanistan s Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development Retrieved December 6 2011 FAO in Afghanistan Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations www fao org External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Parwan Province Homayoun Afghan Special Report on the Tour of the Arghavan National Festival Part II on YouTube April 16 2019 Ariana Television Network Parwan Province by the Naval Postgraduate School Parwan Province by the Institute for the Study of War Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Parwan Province amp oldid 1128174724, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
