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French and European Nationalist Party

January 01, 1970

"French Nationalist" redirects here. For the general political stance, see French nationalism.

The French and European Nationalist Party (French: Parti nationaliste français et européen or PNFE) was a French nationalist militant organization active between 1987 and 1999. Led by Claude Cornilleau until 1996, its slogan was "France first, white always" (France d'abord, blanche toujours). It had around a thousand sympathizers at its height.[1]

French and European Nationalist Party
Parti Nationaliste Français et Européen (PNFE)
Founded1987; 37 years ago (1987)
Dissolved1999
Split fromFrench Nationalist Party
NewspaperTribune nationaliste
Membership1000
IdeologyWhite supremacism
Ultranationalism
Antisemitism
Anti-immigration
Political positionFar-right

History edit

The organization emerged in June 1985 as a splinter group of the French Nationalist Party,[2] and was officially announced in 1987 at Euroring, a European neo-Nazi conference, as Parti Nationaliste Français et Européen (PNFE).[1]

The PNFE was made up of a mixture of former members of the outlawed FANE, and of neo-Nazi hardliners who had been expelled from the Front National (FN) when Jean-Marie Le Pen took on a respectable image after winning a few parliamentary seats in the 1986 elections.[3] The PNFE quickly managed to establish various sections outside of Paris.[4] It had a national publication, Tribune nationaliste, established in October 1985,[2] and edited a magazine in each region: Charlemagne in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais, Le Chêne in Seine-et-Marne, or Le Glaive in Paris.[4]

In July 1989, the head of the Nord-Pas-de-Calais section and editor-in-chief of Charlemagne, Jean Beaussart, was assassinated by his daughter after years of abuse.[4][5] Beaussart regularly beat and humiliated his daughters, forcing them each morning to perform the Nazi salute in front of a portrait of Adolf Hitler, whom he had made them believe was their uncle. Ida Beaussart was eventually acquitted by the court.[5][6]

The PNFE had a large Nazi Skinhead following and has been blamed for a number of attacks on immigrants including the 1988 Sonacotra attack against immigrant workers' hostel in Nice for which 18 members were convicted in 1989. Amongst those initially held was Serge Lecanu, who had led the Fédération professionnelle indépendante de la police (FPIP), a far right police trade union.[3] In 1990, Michel Lajoye, a PNFE member since 1988, received a life sentence for dropping a bomb in a café owned by Arab immigrants.[7][2]

On 10 May 1990, a Jewish cemetery at Carpentras was desecrated, leading to public uproar and a protest demonstration in Paris, attended by 200,000 persons, including French President François Mitterrand. After several years of investigation, five people, among them three former members of the PFNE, confessed on 2 August 1996.[8][9] On 5 June 1990, the PNFE magazine Tribune nationaliste was banned by the French authorities.[2]

French Holocaust denier Vincent Reynouard was a member of the PFNE and became briefly its secretary general in 1991.[10][11] In January 1996, Erik Sausset replaced Claude Cornilleau as the president of the organization.[2]

The group was compelled to dissolve in 1999.[1][2] Erik Sausset later became involved in the Völkisch movement Terre et Peuple. Another cadre of the PNFE, Didier Magnien, later joined Unité Radicale, then migrated to Germany and turned into a member of the Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution, in charge of the surveillance and repression of neo-Nazi activities.[12] Maxime Brunerie, who attempted to assassinate Jacques Chirac in 2002 had been a member of the group between June and November 1998, leaving what he deemed to be an "agonizing party" to join instead the Groupe Union Défense, renamed Unité Radicale early that year.[13]

Ideology edit

The movement sought to establish a "New Order" and dismissed the FN as a "so-called nationalist" party integrated to the system.[4] Overtly racist, the group compared black people with animals and the hatred of Jews is omnipresent in their writings.[1]

European contacts edit

The PNFE had strong contacts with the British National Party and Cornilleau was often a speaker at their annual meetings, being a close friend of John Tyndall. They regularly attended international rallies, notably in Belgium, where they cemented their links with the BNP as well as the Vlaamse Militanten Orde.[14]

The group also built up links with the Vlaams Blok and Christian Worch in Germany.[15] In Belgium they also co-operated with Renouveau nationaliste, a minor group established by former members of the Party of New Forces.[16] In 1991, a sister party was established in Switzerland as the Parti Nationaliste Suisse et Européen, later replaced by a Hammerskins branch.[1]

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d e Camus & Lebourg 2017, p. 107.
  2. ^ a b c d e f de Boissieu, Laurent (2018). "Parti Nationaliste Français et Européen (PNFE)". France-politique.
  3. ^ a b European Parliament, Committee of Inquiry on Racism and Xenophobia- Report on the Findings of the Inquiry, 1991, pp. 29–30
  4. ^ a b c d Venner 2006.
  5. ^ a b Hamel, Françoise (1994). Ida: histoire d'une parricide (in French). Flammarion. ISBN 978-2-08-066867-7.
  6. ^ Pradel, Jacques (9 March 2016). "L'affaire Ida Beaussart". RTL (in French). Retrieved 16 June 2020.
  7. ^ Stiftung, Bertelsmann (2010). Strategies for Combating Right-Wing Extremism in Europe. Verlag Bertelsmann Stiftung. ISBN 978-3-86793-260-8.
  8. ^ "Les attentats contre les foyers Sonacotra devant la cour d'assises des Alpes-Maritimes - Les commanditaires occultes de Gilbert Hervochon". Le Monde (in French). 30 October 1991. Retrieved 16 June 2020.
  9. ^ Le procès de quatre profanateurs néo-nazis après six ans de fausses pistes 15 October 2008 at the Wayback Machine, L'Humanité, 17 March 1997 (in French)
  10. ^ Igounet, Valérie (2000). Histoire du négationnisme en France (in French). Ed. du Seuil. pp. 561–562. ISBN 978-2-02-035492-9.
  11. ^ Picaper, Jean-paul (2014). Les ombres d'Oradour (in French). L'Archipel. ISBN 978-2-8098-1501-6.
  12. ^ Camus & Lebourg 2017, pp. 107–108.
  13. ^ Tourancheau, Patricia (7 December 2004). "Maxime Brunerie: tuer Chirac et "devenir immortel"". Libération (in French). Retrieved 16 June 2020.
  14. ^ European Parliament, Committee of Inquiry on Racism and Xenophobia- Report on the Findings of the Inquiry, 1991, p. 30
  15. ^ G. Atkinson, 'Nazi Shooter Targets Chirac', Searchlight, August 2002
  16. ^ Institute of Jewish Affairs, Antisemitism World Report 1994, Institute of Jewish Affairs, 1994, pp. 14-15

Bibliography edit

January 01, 1970
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French Nationalist redirects here For the general political stance see French nationalism The French and European Nationalist Party French Parti nationaliste francais et europeen or PNFE was a French nationalist militant organization active between 1987 and 1999 Led by Claude Cornilleau until 1996 its slogan was France first white always France d abord blanche toujours It had around a thousand sympathizers at its height 1 French and European Nationalist Party Parti Nationaliste Francais et Europeen PNFE Founded1987 37 years ago 1987 Dissolved1999Split fromFrench Nationalist PartyNewspaperTribune nationalisteMembership1000IdeologyWhite supremacismUltranationalismAntisemitismAnti immigrationPolitical positionFar rightPolitics of FrancePolitical partiesElectionsContents 1 History 2 Ideology 3 European contacts 4 References 4 1 BibliographyHistory editThe organization emerged in June 1985 as a splinter group of the French Nationalist Party 2 and was officially announced in 1987 at Euroring a European neo Nazi conference as Parti Nationaliste Francais et Europeen PNFE 1 The PNFE was made up of a mixture of former members of the outlawed FANE and of neo Nazi hardliners who had been expelled from the Front National FN when Jean Marie Le Pen took on a respectable image after winning a few parliamentary seats in the 1986 elections 3 The PNFE quickly managed to establish various sections outside of Paris 4 It had a national publication Tribune nationaliste established in October 1985 2 and edited a magazine in each region Charlemagne in the Nord Pas de Calais Le Chene in Seine et Marne or Le Glaive in Paris 4 In July 1989 the head of the Nord Pas de Calais section and editor in chief of Charlemagne Jean Beaussart was assassinated by his daughter after years of abuse 4 5 Beaussart regularly beat and humiliated his daughters forcing them each morning to perform the Nazi salute in front of a portrait of Adolf Hitler whom he had made them believe was their uncle Ida Beaussart was eventually acquitted by the court 5 6 The PNFE had a large Nazi Skinhead following and has been blamed for a number of attacks on immigrants including the 1988 Sonacotra attack against immigrant workers hostel in Nice for which 18 members were convicted in 1989 Amongst those initially held was Serge Lecanu who had led the Federation professionnelle independante de la police FPIP a far right police trade union 3 In 1990 Michel Lajoye a PNFE member since 1988 received a life sentence for dropping a bomb in a cafe owned by Arab immigrants 7 2 On 10 May 1990 a Jewish cemetery at Carpentras was desecrated leading to public uproar and a protest demonstration in Paris attended by 200 000 persons including French President Francois Mitterrand After several years of investigation five people among them three former members of the PFNE confessed on 2 August 1996 8 9 On 5 June 1990 the PNFE magazine Tribune nationaliste was banned by the French authorities 2 French Holocaust denier Vincent Reynouard was a member of the PFNE and became briefly its secretary general in 1991 10 11 In January 1996 Erik Sausset replaced Claude Cornilleau as the president of the organization 2 The group was compelled to dissolve in 1999 1 2 Erik Sausset later became involved in the Volkisch movement Terre et Peuple Another cadre of the PNFE Didier Magnien later joined Unite Radicale then migrated to Germany and turned into a member of the Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution in charge of the surveillance and repression of neo Nazi activities 12 Maxime Brunerie who attempted to assassinate Jacques Chirac in 2002 had been a member of the group between June and November 1998 leaving what he deemed to be an agonizing party to join instead the Groupe Union Defense renamed Unite Radicale early that year 13 Ideology editThe movement sought to establish a New Order and dismissed the FN as a so called nationalist party integrated to the system 4 Overtly racist the group compared black people with animals and the hatred of Jews is omnipresent in their writings 1 European contacts editThe PNFE had strong contacts with the British National Party and Cornilleau was often a speaker at their annual meetings being a close friend of John Tyndall They regularly attended international rallies notably in Belgium where they cemented their links with the BNP as well as the Vlaamse Militanten Orde 14 The group also built up links with the Vlaams Blok and Christian Worch in Germany 15 In Belgium they also co operated with Renouveau nationaliste a minor group established by former members of the Party of New Forces 16 In 1991 a sister party was established in Switzerland as the Parti Nationaliste Suisse et Europeen later replaced by a Hammerskins branch 1 References edit a b c d e Camus amp Lebourg 2017 p 107 a b c d e f de Boissieu Laurent 2018 Parti Nationaliste Francais et Europeen PNFE France politique a b European Parliament Committee of Inquiry on Racism and Xenophobia Report on the Findings of the Inquiry 1991 pp 29 30 a b c d Venner 2006 a b Hamel Francoise 1994 Ida histoire d une parricide in French Flammarion ISBN 978 2 08 066867 7 Pradel Jacques 9 March 2016 L affaire Ida Beaussart RTL in French Retrieved 16 June 2020 Stiftung Bertelsmann 2010 Strategies for Combating Right Wing Extremism in Europe Verlag Bertelsmann Stiftung ISBN 978 3 86793 260 8 Les attentats contre les foyers Sonacotra devant la cour d assises des Alpes Maritimes Les commanditaires occultes de Gilbert Hervochon Le Monde in French 30 October 1991 Retrieved 16 June 2020 Le proces de quatre profanateurs neo nazis apres six ans de fausses pistes Archived 15 October 2008 at the Wayback Machine L Humanite 17 March 1997 in French Igounet Valerie 2000 Histoire du negationnisme en France in French Ed du Seuil pp 561 562 ISBN 978 2 02 035492 9 Picaper Jean paul 2014 Les ombres d Oradour in French L Archipel ISBN 978 2 8098 1501 6 Camus amp Lebourg 2017 pp 107 108 Tourancheau Patricia 7 December 2004 Maxime Brunerie tuer Chirac et devenir immortel Liberation in French Retrieved 16 June 2020 European Parliament Committee of Inquiry on Racism and Xenophobia Report on the Findings of the Inquiry 1991 p 30 G Atkinson Nazi Shooter Targets Chirac Searchlight August 2002 Institute of Jewish Affairs Antisemitism World Report 1994 Institute of Jewish Affairs 1994 pp 14 15 Bibliography edit Camus Jean Yves Lebourg Nicolas 2017 Far Right Politics in Europe Harvard University Press ISBN 9780674971530 Venner Fiammetta 2006 Extreme France in French Grasset ISBN 978 2 246 66609 7 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title French and European Nationalist Party amp oldid 1205311178, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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