The Ottoman Socialist Party was actually not a real political party in the modern sense, but rather a group of intellectuals. After the Young Turks had taken stringent measures against the opposition, the party began to support the opposition. OSF aimed to defend the basic values of the Constitutional Monarchy, freedom of the press and association, and human rights against the Committee of Union and Progress.[4] In September 1911, an international organization of the party, led by Dr. Refik Nevzat, was founded in Paris, which should establish contacts with the international workers' movement. Although the activities of this group have remained limited, Hüseyin Hilmi succeeded, however, in having a correspondence with Jean Jaurès. But the party failed to be admitted to the Second International.
After the 1913 Ottoman coup d'état of the Young Turks, the opposition began to be massively repressed, difficult times began for the Ottoman Socialist Party. Hüseyin Hilmi was arrested the same year and remained either in prison or in exile until 1918. This amounted practically to the end of the party but in 1919, it was succeeded by the Socialist Party of Turkey, which was also founded by Hüseyin Hilmi.[5]
He also founded the socialist weekly İştirak on 26 February 1919.[6][Note 1] Hilmi Other leading members were Avnullah Kâzımî, Namık Hasan, Pertev, Tevfik, İbnil Tahir, İsmail Faik, Baha Tevfik, Hamid Suphi. After the fall of the Young Turks regime, the party was reactivated in 1919 under the leadership of Hüseyin Hilmi and Mustafa Fazıl under the name of Socialist Party of Turkey. The party had contact from the beginning with the Second International, it was also represented at its congresses in Bern, Amsterdam and Geneva. There was also a Workers' International Association in Istanbul, mainly made up of minorities, Greeks, Bulgarians and Jews.[8]
Although the founding in September 1919 by Dr. Şefik Hüsnü (Deymer) of the Turkish Workers and Peasants Socialist Party (Turkish: Türkiye İşçi ve Çiftçi Sosyalist Fırkası), leaning towards the Third International, led many members to leave the TSF, it successfully led the great strikes' wave of 1920.[9] In a short time the party, which basically organized trade union activities, won a lot of popularity among the workers. On the other hand, Hüseyin Hilmi successfully exploited the conflicts between the British garrison headquarters in Istanbul and the French firms. Therefore, he could get the support from British authorities in Istanbul.
After the conflicts between the French and English had been mitigated and the party had become a threat to international firms, the TSF lost its power. The firms founded and supported competing labor organizations such as Amele Siyanet Cemiyeti and forced the workers to become affiliated to these organizations. The compulsory membership in 1922 was one of the main reasons for the great defeat of the strike of streetcar workers. After this defeat, Hüseyin Hilmi was arrested and the party was dissolved.
The Socialist Party of Turkey was organized almost only in Istanbul. It maintained distance from the Kemalists who led a national movement against the occupation of Anatolia, and the Communists who tried to unite the workers organizations. The TSF was more a trade union than a political party.
See also
Socialist Party of Turkey
Notes
^born in Izmir, deceased on November 15, 1922 in Istanbul, he was nicknamed "İştirakçı Hilmi", "Socialist Hilmi", "İştirak" was the Ottoman Turkish language term for socialist, as in Arabic إشتراكي ishtirākiyy
References
^Mark Mazower, Salonica, City of Ghosts: Christians, Muslims and Jews, 1430-1950, 2004, p. 287.
^Hür, Ayşe (April 24, 2008). (in Turkish). Taraf. Archived from the original on May 21, 2009. Retrieved 2009-11-13.
^Shaw, Ezel Kural (1977). History of the Ottoman Empire and modern Turkey. Vol. 2. Cambridge University Press. p. 548. ISBN978-0-521-29166-8. Retrieved 2009-11-14.
^"Türkiye solunun göz ardı edilen başlangıcı: Osmanlı Sosyalist Fırkası". Agos (in Turkish). 17 February 2014. Retrieved 12 April 2023.
^Temur, Haydar (2017). "Kendi Yayınları Çerçevesinde Osmanlı Sosyalist Fırkası Çevresinin Fikirleri". Atatürk Yolu Dergisi. 15 (60).
^ abTemur, Haydar (2017). "Kendi Yayınları Çerçevesinde Osmanlı Sosyalist Fırkası Çevresinin Fikirleri". Atatürk Yolu Dergisi. 15 (60).
^"Türkiye solunun göz ardı edilen başlangıcı: Osmanlı Sosyalist Fırkası". Agos (in Turkish). 17 February 2014. Retrieved 12 April 2023.
^Benningsen, Alexandre; Lemercier-Quelquejay, Chantal (1977). Holt, Peter Malcolm; Lambton, Ann K. S; Lewis, Bernard (eds.). Communism in the Central Islamic lands (chapter in The Cambridge history of Islam, Volume 1). Cambridge University Press. p. 304. ISBN978-0-521-29136-1. Retrieved 2009-11-14.
^. Archived from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 29 August 2015.
August 22, 2023
ottoman, socialist, party, turkish, osmanlı, sosyalist, fırkası, first, turkish, socialist, political, party, founded, ottoman, empire, 1910, osmanlı, sosyalist, fırkasılast, leaderhüseyin, hilmifounded1910, 1910, dissolved1913, 1913, headquartersistanbulideol. The Ottoman Socialist Party Turkish Osmanli Sosyalist Firkasi OSF was the first Turkish socialist political party founded in the Ottoman Empire in 1910 Ottoman Socialist Party Osmanli Sosyalist FirkasiLast LeaderHuseyin HilmiFounded1910 1910 Dissolved1913 1913 HeadquartersIstanbulIdeologySocialismPolitical positionLeft wingPolitics of TurkeyPolitical partiesElections Contents 1 History 2 Socialist Party of Turkey 3 History 4 See also 5 Notes 6 ReferencesHistory Edit Refik Nevzat socialist politician during the Second Constitutional Era Avnullah Kazimi one of the early socialists Baha TevfikBefore the formation of the party socialist parties or groupings only existed among the Ottoman Empire s minorities the Selanik predominantly Jewish Socialist Workers Federation and Bulgarian left wing party called People s Federative Party Bulgarian Section as well as to some Bulgarian narrow socialists who worked there 1 On the other hand there were the Istanbul Greek Socialist Center the Social Democrat Hunchakian Party the Armenian Revolutionary Federation 2 As Ezel Kural Shaw has written in her History of the Ottoman Empire and modern Turkey the Ottoman Socialist Party gained its main support from the Armenian and Bulgarian groups in the Parliament 3 The Ottoman Socialist Party was actually not a real political party in the modern sense but rather a group of intellectuals After the Young Turks had taken stringent measures against the opposition the party began to support the opposition OSF aimed to defend the basic values of the Constitutional Monarchy freedom of the press and association and human rights against the Committee of Union and Progress 4 In September 1911 an international organization of the party led by Dr Refik Nevzat was founded in Paris which should establish contacts with the international workers movement Although the activities of this group have remained limited Huseyin Hilmi succeeded however in having a correspondence with Jean Jaures But the party failed to be admitted to the Second International After the 1913 Ottoman coup d etat of the Young Turks the opposition began to be massively repressed difficult times began for the Ottoman Socialist Party Huseyin Hilmi was arrested the same year and remained either in prison or in exile until 1918 This amounted practically to the end of the party but in 1919 it was succeeded by the Socialist Party of Turkey which was also founded by Huseyin Hilmi 5 Socialist Party of Turkey EditSocialist Party of Turkey Turkiye Sosyalist Firkasi Last LeaderHuseyin HilmiFounded1919 1919 Dissolved1922 1922 HeadquartersIstanbulIdeologySocialismPolitical positionLeft wingPolitics of TurkeyPolitical partiesElectionsThe Socialist Party of Turkey Turkish Turkiye Sosyalist Firkasi TSF was a political party founded in 1919 History EditThe party is the successor of the Ottoman Socialist Party 6 Its chairman was the journalist Huseyin Hilmi who was on either exile of prison after the 1913 Ottoman coup d etat Hilmi returned to Istanbul after World War I and founded the TSF 7 He also founded the socialist weekly Istirak on 26 February 1919 6 Note 1 Hilmi Other leading members were Avnullah Kazimi Namik Hasan Pertev Tevfik Ibnil Tahir Ismail Faik Baha Tevfik Hamid Suphi After the fall of the Young Turks regime the party was reactivated in 1919 under the leadership of Huseyin Hilmi and Mustafa Fazil under the name of Socialist Party of Turkey The party had contact from the beginning with the Second International it was also represented at its congresses in Bern Amsterdam and Geneva There was also a Workers International Association in Istanbul mainly made up of minorities Greeks Bulgarians and Jews 8 Although the founding in September 1919 by Dr Sefik Husnu Deymer of the Turkish Workers and Peasants Socialist Party Turkish Turkiye Isci ve Ciftci Sosyalist Firkasi leaning towards the Third International led many members to leave the TSF it successfully led the great strikes wave of 1920 9 In a short time the party which basically organized trade union activities won a lot of popularity among the workers On the other hand Huseyin Hilmi successfully exploited the conflicts between the British garrison headquarters in Istanbul and the French firms Therefore he could get the support from British authorities in Istanbul After the conflicts between the French and English had been mitigated and the party had become a threat to international firms the TSF lost its power The firms founded and supported competing labor organizations such as Amele Siyanet Cemiyeti and forced the workers to become affiliated to these organizations The compulsory membership in 1922 was one of the main reasons for the great defeat of the strike of streetcar workers After this defeat Huseyin Hilmi was arrested and the party was dissolved Splinter party Independent Socialist Party Turkish Mustakil Sosyalist Firkasi reported no success The Socialist Party of Turkey was organized almost only in Istanbul It maintained distance from the Kemalists who led a national movement against the occupation of Anatolia and the Communists who tried to unite the workers organizations The TSF was more a trade union than a political party See also EditSocialist Party of TurkeyNotes Edit born in Izmir deceased on November 15 1922 in Istanbul he was nicknamed Istirakci Hilmi Socialist Hilmi Istirak was the Ottoman Turkish language term for socialist as in Arabic إشتراكي ishtirakiyyReferences Edit Mark Mazower Salonica City of Ghosts Christians Muslims and Jews 1430 1950 2004 p 287 Hur Ayse April 24 2008 Cumhuriyet in Amele Evlatlari in Turkish Taraf Archived from the original on May 21 2009 Retrieved 2009 11 13 Shaw Ezel Kural 1977 History of the Ottoman Empire and modern Turkey Vol 2 Cambridge University Press p 548 ISBN 978 0 521 29166 8 Retrieved 2009 11 14 Turkiye solunun goz ardi edilen baslangici Osmanli Sosyalist Firkasi Agos in Turkish 17 February 2014 Retrieved 12 April 2023 Temur Haydar 2017 Kendi Yayinlari Cercevesinde Osmanli Sosyalist Firkasi Cevresinin Fikirleri Ataturk Yolu Dergisi 15 60 a b Temur Haydar 2017 Kendi Yayinlari Cercevesinde Osmanli Sosyalist Firkasi Cevresinin Fikirleri Ataturk Yolu Dergisi 15 60 Turkiye solunun goz ardi edilen baslangici Osmanli Sosyalist Firkasi Agos in Turkish 17 February 2014 Retrieved 12 April 2023 Benningsen Alexandre Lemercier Quelquejay Chantal 1977 Holt Peter Malcolm Lambton Ann K S Lewis Bernard eds Communism in the Central Islamic lands chapter in The Cambridge history of Islam Volume 1 Cambridge University Press p 304 ISBN 978 0 521 29136 1 Retrieved 2009 11 14 Turkiye Sosyalist Firkasi Archived from the original on 5 March 2016 Retrieved 29 August 2015 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ottoman Socialist Party amp oldid 1150537695, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
