fbpx
Wikipedia

Orthodox Tewahedo biblical canon

January 04, 2023

The Orthodox Tewahedo biblical canon is a version of the Christian Bible used in the two Oriental Orthodox churches of the Ethiopian and Eritrean traditions: the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church and the Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church. At 81 books, it is the largest and most diverse biblical canon in traditional Christendom.

Western scholars have classified the books of the canon into two categories — the narrower canon, which consists mostly of books familiar to the West, and the broader canon, which includes nine additional books.

It is not known to exist at this time as one published compilation. Some books, though considered canonical, are nonetheless difficult to locate and are not even widely available in the churches' home countries of Ethiopia and Eritrea.[1][2]

Narrower biblical canon

Old Testament

The Orthodox Tewahedo narrower Old Testament canon contains the entire established Hebrew protocanon. Moreover, with the exception of the first two books of Maccabees, the Orthodox Tewahedo canon also contains the entire Catholic deuterocanon. In addition to this, the Orthodox Tewahedo Old Testament includes the Prayer of Manasseh, 3 Ezra, and 4 Ezra, which also appear in the canons of other Christian traditions. Unique to the Orthodox Tewahedo canon are the Paralipomena of Jeremiah (4 Baruch), Jubilees, Enoch, and the three books of Meqabyan.

The books of Lamentations, Jeremiah, and Baruch, as well as the Letter of Jeremiah and 4 Baruch, are all considered canonical by the Orthodox Tewahedo churches. Additionally, the 1st, 2nd and 3rd Books of Ethiopian Maccabees are also part of the canon; while they share a common name they are completely different from the books of Maccabees that are known or have been canonized in other traditions. Finally, within the Orthodox Tewahedo tradition, 3 Ezra is called Second Ezra, 4 Ezra is called Ezra Sutu'el, and the Prayer of Manasseh is incorporated into the Second Book of Chronicles.

New Testament

The Orthodox Tewahedo narrower New Testament canon consists of the entire 27 book Christian protocanon, which is almost universally accepted across Christendom.[1]

Broader biblical canon

 
Ethiopian Orthodox monk from Debre Damo Monastery with an illuminated Bible

Ethiopic Didascalia

The Ethiopic Didascalia, or Didesqelya, is a book of Church order in 43 chapters, distinct from the Didascalia Apostolorum, but similar to books I–VII of the Apostolic Constitutions, where it most likely originates.[2]

Translation into English

A project to translate the complete Ethiopian canon into English for the benefit of Ethiopian expatriates is underway.[3]

List of books in the Orthodox Tewahedo Bible

Old Testament[1]

  1. Genesis
  2. Exodus
  3. Leviticus
  4. Numbers
  5. Deuteronomy
  6. Joshua
  7. Judges
  8. Ruth
  9. I and II Samuel
  10. I and II Kings
  11. I Chronicles
  12. II Chronicles (incl. the Prayer of Manasseh)
  13. Jubilees
  14. Enoch
  15. I Ezra[4]
  16. II Ezra[4]
  17. Ezra Sutuel[4]
  18. Tobit
  19. Judith
  20. Esther
  21. I, II and III Meqabyan (Similarly named, but not the same as the four Greek Books of the Maccabees)
  22. Job
  23. Psalms
  24. Messalë (Proverbs ch 1–24)
  25. Tägsas (Proverbs ch 25–31)
  26. Wisdom of Solomon
  27. Ecclesiastes
  28. Song of Songs
  29. Isaiah
  30. Jeremiah (incl. Baruch, Lamentations, Letter of Jeremiah, and 4 Baruch)
  31. Ezekiel
  32. Daniel
  33. Hosea
  34. Amos
  35. Micah
  36. Joel
  37. Obadiah
  38. Jonah
  39. Nahum (or Nahium)
  40. Habakkuk
  41. Zephaniah
  42. Haggai
  43. Zechariah
  44. Malachi
  45. Sirach
  46. Josippon

New Testament[1]

  1. Matthew
  2. Mark
  3. Luke
  4. John
  5. Acts
  6. Romans
  7. I Corinthians
  8. II Corinthians
  9. Galatians
  10. Ephesians
  11. Philippians
  12. Colossians
  13. I Thessalonians
  14. II Thessalonians
  15. I Timothy
  16. II Timothy
  17. Titus
  18. Philemon
  19. Hebrews
  20. I Peter
  21. II Peter
  22. I John
  23. II John
  24. III John
  25. James
  26. Jude
  27. Revelation
  28. Sinodos
    • Ser`atä Seyon (30 canons)
    • Te'ezaz (71 canons)
    • Gessew (56 canons)
    • Abtelis (81 canons)
  29. I-II Covenant
  30. Ethiopic Clement[5]
  31. Ethiopic Didascalia[5]

Footnotes

  1. ^ a b c d Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church (2003). "The Bible." Available online at the Ethiopian Orthodox Church's website. Retrieved 24 February 2012.
  2. ^ a b Cowley, R.W. (1974), "The Biblical Canon Of The Ethiopian Orthodox Church Today", Ostkirchliche Studien, 23: 318–323, retrieved 30 March 2016.
  3. ^ The Official Web Site of the Ethiopian Orthodox Bible Project
  4. ^ a b c Cowley 1974, footnote 4.
  5. ^ a b Different from the traditional version (Wanger 2011, p. 25)

Further reading

  • Assefa, Daniel. "The Biblical Canon of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tawāhǝdo Church (EOTC)." The Oxford Handbook of the Bible in Orthodox Christianity (2022): 211 ff
  • Curtin, D.P., ed. (2018). First Book of Ethiopian Maccabees. New York, NY: Barnes & Noble Press.
  • Harden, J.M., ed. (1920). The Ethiopian Didascalia.
  • Mikre-Sellassie, Gebre-Amanuel (1993). "The Bible and Its Canon in the Ethiopian Orthodox Church". The Bible Translator. 44 (1): 111–123. doi:10.1177/026009359304400102.
  • Platt, Thomas Pell, ed. (1834). The Ethiopic Didascalia; or, the Ethiopic version of the Apostolical constitutions, received in the church of Abyssinia. London: Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland.
  • Wanger, Anke (2011), The Biblical Canon of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahdo Church (PDF), Euclid University
  • Baynes, Leslie (2012). "Enoch and Jubilees in the Canon of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church". In F. Mason, Eric; Coblentz Bautch, Kelley; Kim Harkins, Angela; A. Machiela, Daniel (eds.). A Teacher for All Generations: Essays in Honor of James C. VanderKam (2 vol. set). Vol. 2. Leiden, Boston: BRILL. pp. 799–818 – via Academia.edu.

External links

  • Biblia Aethiopica—August Dillmann et al online edition of the Ethiopic Bible
  • The Official Web Site of the Ethiopian Orthodox Bible Project
  • What's in Your Bible?—a chart comparing Jewish, Orthodox, Catholic, Syriac, Ethiopic, and Protestant canons (Bible Study Magazine Nov–Dec 08.)
  • Contantinus Siamakis, Biblical Canon of the Orthodox Christian Church, Studies 1, 2008
Broader Canon
Preceded by Bible
Books of the Bible 		End

January 04, 2023
orthodox, tewahedo, biblical, canon, version, christian, bible, used, oriental, orthodox, churches, ethiopian, eritrean, traditions, ethiopian, orthodox, tewahedo, church, eritrean, orthodox, tewahedo, church, books, largest, most, diverse, biblical, canon, tr. The Orthodox Tewahedo biblical canon is a version of the Christian Bible used in the two Oriental Orthodox churches of the Ethiopian and Eritrean traditions the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church and the Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church At 81 books it is the largest and most diverse biblical canon in traditional Christendom Western scholars have classified the books of the canon into two categories the narrower canon which consists mostly of books familiar to the West and the broader canon which includes nine additional books It is not known to exist at this time as one published compilation Some books though considered canonical are nonetheless difficult to locate and are not even widely available in the churches home countries of Ethiopia and Eritrea 1 2 Contents 1 Narrower biblical canon 1 1 Old Testament 1 2 New Testament 2 Broader biblical canon 2 1 Ethiopic Didascalia 3 Translation into English 4 List of books in the Orthodox Tewahedo Bible 5 Footnotes 6 Further reading 7 External linksNarrower biblical canon EditOld Testament Edit The Orthodox Tewahedo narrower Old Testament canon contains the entire established Hebrew protocanon Moreover with the exception of the first two books of Maccabees the Orthodox Tewahedo canon also contains the entire Catholic deuterocanon In addition to this the Orthodox Tewahedo Old Testament includes the Prayer of Manasseh 3 Ezra and 4 Ezra which also appear in the canons of other Christian traditions Unique to the Orthodox Tewahedo canon are the Paralipomena of Jeremiah 4 Baruch Jubilees Enoch and the three books of Meqabyan The books of Lamentations Jeremiah and Baruch as well as the Letter of Jeremiah and 4 Baruch are all considered canonical by the Orthodox Tewahedo churches Additionally the 1st 2nd and 3rd Books of Ethiopian Maccabees are also part of the canon while they share a common name they are completely different from the books of Maccabees that are known or have been canonized in other traditions Finally within the Orthodox Tewahedo tradition 3 Ezra is called Second Ezra 4 Ezra is called Ezra Sutu el and the Prayer of Manasseh is incorporated into the Second Book of Chronicles New Testament Edit The Orthodox Tewahedo narrower New Testament canon consists of the entire 27 book Christian protocanon which is almost universally accepted across Christendom 1 Broader biblical canon Edit Ethiopian Orthodox monk from Debre Damo Monastery with an illuminated Bible Ethiopic Didascalia Edit The Ethiopic Didascalia or Didesqelya is a book of Church order in 43 chapters distinct from the Didascalia Apostolorum but similar to books I VII of the Apostolic Constitutions where it most likely originates 2 Translation into English EditA project to translate the complete Ethiopian canon into English for the benefit of Ethiopian expatriates is underway 3 List of books in the Orthodox Tewahedo Bible EditOld Testament 1 Genesis Exodus Leviticus Numbers Deuteronomy Joshua Judges Ruth I and II Samuel I and II Kings I Chronicles II Chronicles incl the Prayer of Manasseh Jubilees Enoch I Ezra 4 II Ezra 4 Ezra Sutuel 4 Tobit Judith Esther I II and III Meqabyan Similarly named but not the same as the four Greek Books of the Maccabees Job Psalms Messale Proverbs ch 1 24 Tagsas Proverbs ch 25 31 Wisdom of Solomon Ecclesiastes Song of Songs Isaiah Jeremiah incl Baruch Lamentations Letter of Jeremiah and 4 Baruch Ezekiel Daniel Hosea Amos Micah Joel Obadiah Jonah Nahum or Nahium Habakkuk Zephaniah Haggai Zechariah Malachi Sirach JosipponNew Testament 1 Matthew Mark Luke John Acts Romans I Corinthians II Corinthians Galatians Ephesians Philippians Colossians I Thessalonians II Thessalonians I Timothy II Timothy Titus Philemon Hebrews I Peter II Peter I John II John III John James Jude Revelation Sinodos Ser ata Seyon 30 canons Te ezaz 71 canons Gessew 56 canons Abtelis 81 canons I II Covenant Ethiopic Clement 5 Ethiopic Didascalia 5 Footnotes Edit Christianity portal a b c d Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church 2003 The Bible Available online at the Ethiopian Orthodox Church s website Retrieved 24 February 2012 a b Cowley R W 1974 The Biblical Canon Of The Ethiopian Orthodox Church Today Ostkirchliche Studien 23 318 323 retrieved 30 March 2016 The Official Web Site of the Ethiopian Orthodox Bible Project a b c Cowley 1974 footnote 4 a b Different from the traditional version Wanger 2011 p 25 Further reading EditAssefa Daniel The Biblical Canon of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tawahǝdo Church EOTC The Oxford Handbook of the Bible in Orthodox Christianity 2022 211 ff Curtin D P ed 2018 First Book of Ethiopian Maccabees New York NY Barnes amp Noble Press Harden J M ed 1920 The Ethiopian Didascalia Mikre Sellassie Gebre Amanuel 1993 The Bible and Its Canon in the Ethiopian Orthodox Church The Bible Translator 44 1 111 123 doi 10 1177 026009359304400102 Platt Thomas Pell ed 1834 The Ethiopic Didascalia or the Ethiopic version of the Apostolical constitutions received in the church of Abyssinia London Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland Wanger Anke 2011 The Biblical Canon of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahdo Church PDF Euclid University Baynes Leslie 2012 Enoch and Jubilees in the Canon of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church In F Mason Eric Coblentz Bautch Kelley Kim Harkins Angela A Machiela Daniel eds A Teacher for All Generations Essays in Honor of James C VanderKam 2 vol set Vol 2 Leiden Boston BRILL pp 799 818 via Academia edu External links EditBiblia Aethiopica August Dillmann et al online edition of the Ethiopic Bible The Official Web Site of the Ethiopian Orthodox Bible Project What s in Your Bible a chart comparing Jewish Orthodox Catholic Syriac Ethiopic and Protestant canons Bible Study Magazine Nov Dec 08 Contantinus Siamakis Biblical Canon of the Orthodox Christian Church Studies 1 2008Broader CanonPreceded byBible Revelation BibleBooks of the Bible End Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Orthodox Tewahedo biblical canon amp oldid 1130857190, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.