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Trout Mask Replica

Trout Mask Replica is the third studio album by the American band Captain Beefheart and his Magic Band, released as a double album on June 16, 1969, by Straight Records. The music was composed by Captain Beefheart (Don Van Vliet) and arranged by drummer John "Drumbo" French. Combining elements of R&B, garage rock, and blues with free jazz and avant-garde composition,[9] the album is regarded as an important work of experimental rock.[10][11] Its unconventional musical style, which includes polyrhythm, multi-octave vocals, and polytonality, has given the album a reputation as one of the most challenging recordings in the 20th century musical canon.

Trout Mask Replica
Studio album by
ReleasedJune 16, 1969
RecordedAugust 1968 – March 1969
Studio
Genre
Length78:51
LabelStraight
ProducerFrank Zappa
Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band chronology
Strictly Personal
(1968)
Trout Mask Replica
(1969)
Lick My Decals Off, Baby
(1970)
Singles from Trout Mask Replica
  1. "Pachuco Cadaver" / "Wild Life"
    Released: 1970[8]

The album was produced by Frank Zappa and recorded in March 1969 at Whitney Studios in Glendale, California, following eight months of intense rehearsals at a small rented communal house in Los Angeles. The lineup of the Magic Band at this time consisted of Bill "Zoot Horn Rollo" Harkleroad and Jeff "Antennae Jimmy Semens" Cotton on guitar, Mark "Rockette Morton" Boston on bass guitar, Victor "The Mascara Snake" Hayden on bass clarinet, and John "Drumbo" French on drums and percussion. Beefheart played several brass and woodwind instruments, including saxophone, musette, and natural horn, and contributed most of the vocal parts, while Zappa and members of the band provided occasional vocals and narration. The well-rehearsed Magic Band recorded all instrumental tracks[a 1] for the album in a single six-hour recording session; Beefheart's vocal and horn tracks were laid down over the next few days.

Trout Mask Replica sold poorly upon its initial release in the United States, where it failed to appear in any charts. It was more successful in the United Kingdom, where it spent a week at number 21 on the UK Albums Chart.[12] In recent years, however, Trout Mask Replica has been widely regarded as the masterpiece of Beefheart's musical career, as well as an important influence on many subsequent artists.[9] It was ranked number 60 on Rolling Stone's 2012 edition of the 500 Greatest Albums of All Time list, and has appeared on the "best of" lists of many other publications. In 2010, the album was selected for preservation in the United States National Recording Registry by the Library of Congress for being deemed "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".

Background edit

Captain Beefheart and his Magic Band had a history of difficult relationships with record labels. A&M Records released the band's first single, a cover of Bo Diddley's "Diddy Wah Diddy", but dropped the contract after their first two singles failed to produce hits. Buddah Records released the band's (and the label's) first album, Safe as Milk, in 1967. However, the label began specializing in bubblegum pop, a style in which Captain Beefheart had no place, and the band again found themselves without a record label. In late 1967 and the spring of 1968, they had several sets of re-recording sessions for what became the albums Strictly Personal and Mirror Man.[13] However, due to contractual uncertainties, they were unsure if the material would ever be released. Around this time, Van Vliet's high school friend Frank Zappa started his own record labels Bizarre and Straight, and offered Captain Beefheart, a name Zappa had given him, the opportunity to record an album with complete artistic freedom.

 
Victor Hayden (aka The Mascara Snake) at the house where Trout Mask Replica was rehearsed and recorded in 1968

In preparation, the band rehearsed Van Vliet's difficult compositions for eight months, living communally in a small rented house in Woodland Hills, Los Angeles. Van Vliet implemented his vision by asserting complete artistic and emotional domination of his musicians. At various times, one or another of the band members were put "in the barrel", with Van Vliet berating him continually, sometimes for days, until the musician collapsed in tears or in total submission to Van Vliet.[14] According to John French and Bill Harkleroad, these sessions often included physical violence. French described the situation as "cultlike",[15] and a visiting friend said that "the environment in that house was positively Manson-esque".[16] Their material circumstances also were dire. With no income other than welfare and contributions from relatives, the band survived on a bare subsistence diet. French recounted living on no more than a small cup of soybeans a day for a month,[17] and at one point, band members were arrested for shoplifting food (whereupon Zappa bailed them out).[18] A visitor described their appearance as "cadaverous" and said that "they all looked in poor health". Band members were restricted from leaving the house and practiced for fourteen or more hours a day. Van Vliet once told drummer John French that he had been diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia, and he would see nonexistent conspiracies that explained this behavior.[19]

Recording edit

"Moonlight on Vermont" and "Veteran's Day Poppy" were recorded at Sunset Sound Recorders in August 1968, about seven months before the rest of the songs. These songs featured a lineup of Van Vliet, Bill Harkleroad and Jeff Cotton on guitar, John French on drums, and Van Vliet's friend Gary Marker serving temporarily on bass as a replacement for the recently departed Jerry Handley. About a month later, Mark Boston joined the band as full-time bassist. The lineup of Van Vliet, Harkleroad, Cotton, French, and Boston recorded the rest of the tracks, with Van Vliet's cousin Victor Hayden occasionally guesting on bass clarinet and vocals.

Zappa originally proposed to record the album as an "ethnic field recording" in the house where the band lived. Working with Zappa and engineer Dick Kunc, the band recorded some provisional backing tracks at the Woodland Hills house, with sound separation obtained simply by having different instruments in different rooms. Zappa thought these provisional recordings turned out well, but Van Vliet became suspicious that Zappa was trying to record the album on the cheap and insisted on using a professional studio. Zappa would say of Van Vliet's approach that it was "impossible to tell him why things should be such and such a way. It seemed to me that if he was going to create a unique object, that the best thing for me to do was to keep my mouth shut as much as possible and just let him do whatever he wanted to do whether I thought it was wrong or not."[17] "Hair Pie: Bake 1", one of the tracks recorded by Zappa and Kunc at the house, appeared on the finished album. Three other tracks on the album were recorded on a cassette recorder at the house, the a cappella poems "The Dust Blows Forward 'n The Dust Blows Back" and "Orange Claw Hammer", and the improvised blues "China Pig" with former Magic Band member Doug Moon accompanying Van Vliet on guitar. "The Blimp" was recorded by Zappa in his studio while on the phone with Van Vliet prior to the album's sessions; Jeff Cotton was put on the phone to recite Van Vliet's latest poem, which Zappa recorded and put over a Mothers of Invention backing track (which had been known to the Mothers, uncredited on Trout Mask's credits, as "Charles Ives").[20]

When they entered the studio, the band completed twenty instrumental tracks in a single six-hour recording session.[21] Van Vliet spent the next few days overdubbing the vocals. Instead of singing while monitoring the instrumental tracks over headphones, he heard only the slight sound leakage through the studio window.[22] As a result, the vocals are only vaguely in sync with the instrumental backing; when asked later about synchronization, he remarked, "That's what they do before a commando raid, isn't it?"[23]

Van Vliet used the ensuing publicity, particularly with a 1970 Rolling Stone interview with Langdon Winner, to promulgate a number of myths which were subsequently quoted as fact. Winner's article stated, for instance, that neither Van Vliet nor the members of the Magic Band ever took drugs, but Harkleroad and French later discredited this.[24] Van Vliet also claimed to have taught both Harkleroad and Mark Boston from scratch; in fact, the pair were already accomplished musicians before joining the band.[22] Van Vliet also took complete credit for composition and arranging, a claim that band members strongly disputed in later years.[25]

Composition edit

According to Van Vliet, all of the songs on the album were written in a single eight-hour session. Band members have stated that two of the songs ("Moonlight on Vermont" and "Sugar 'n Spikes") were written around December 1967, while "Veteran's Day Poppy" was written around late May or early June 1968. Most of the rest were composed over a period of several months in the summer and fall of 1968 in an unprecedented process of experimentation. One influence on the compositional process was a tape that Van Vliet's friend Gary Marker had played for him. Marker, an aspiring recording engineer, was learning how to splice audio tape. He practiced by combining sections of various recordings so that they would join smoothly and maintain a consistent beat despite being from different sources. When Van Vliet heard the tape, he said excitedly, "That's what I want!"[26]

Van Vliet used a piano, an instrument he had never played before, as his main compositional tool. Since he had no experience with the piano and no conventional musical knowledge at all, he was able to experiment with few preconceived ideas of musical form or structure. Van Vliet sat at the piano until he found a rhythmic or melodic pattern that he liked. John French then transcribed this pattern, typically only a measure or two long, into musical notation. After Van Vliet was finished, French would piece these fragments together into compositions, reminiscent of the splicing together of disparate source material on Marker's tape. French decided which part would be played on which instrument and taught each player his part, although Van Vliet had the final say over the ultimate shape of the product. Band member Bill Harkleroad has remarked on "how haphazardly the individual parts were done, worked on very surgically, stuck together, and then sculpted afterwards". Once completed, each song was played in exactly the same way every time, eschewing the improvisation that typifies most popular music in favor of an approach more like a formal, classical composition.

French has stated that about three-quarters of the songs were composed at the piano. The rest mostly consisted of parts that were whistled by Van Vliet. In a few cases, part of the song was composed at the piano while others were whistled. Three of the pieces were unaccompanied vocal solos ("Well", "The Dust Blows Forward and the Dust Blows Back", and "Orange Claw Hammer") while one was a spontaneous improvisation ("China Pig"). "Bills Corpse" was titled for the emaciated condition that Bill Harkleroad suffered before leaving an LSD cult to join the band, and possibly to similar conditions Van Vliet created within the band's house.[27] Van Vliet called the song "Dali's Car" a "study in dissonance".[28] "Hobo Chang Ba" was based on Van Vliet's stories "as a young teenager in Mojave of going down and hanging with the hobos. He said they were really nice people and he got to know the regulars."[29] Drummer John French states of "Old Fart at Play", "[it] was never intended to have these lyrics. This is the only other time I saw Zappa aggressively put on his 'producer's hat' and assert his will on Don. The original title to this song was 'My Business Is the Truth, Your Business Is a Lie'."[30] The album's title was adapted from some lines in "Old Fart at Play": ". . . the nose of the wooden mask / Where the holes had just been uh moment ago / Was now smooth amazingly blended camouflaged in / With the very intricate rainbow trout replica."

Several of the compositions include brief passages from other songs. Some were childhood reminiscences, such as Gene Autry's recording "El Rancho Grande", from which one of the guitar lines in "Veteran's Day Poppy" was adapted, or the "Shortnin' Bread" melody used in "Pachuco Cadaver". Others were more contemporary, such as the quote "come out to show dem [them]" from Steve Reich's "Come Out" used in "Moonlight on Vermont", or a melodic fragment from the Miles Davis recording of Concierto de Aranjuez used as the basis for the bridge of "Sugar 'n Spikes". The ending of "Moonlight on Vermont" also includes the refrain from the spiritual "Old-Time Religion". A nonmusical influence was the art of Salvador Dalí; the instrumental "Dali's Car" was inspired by the band's viewing of an installation of Dalí's Rainy Taxi.[31]

Reception and legacy edit

Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
AllMusic     [32]
Encyclopedia of Popular Music     [33]
Pitchfork10/10[34]
Q     [35]
The Rolling Stone Album Guide     [36]
The Village VoiceB+[37]

Trout Mask Replica is considered to be Captain Beefheart's magnum opus,[38] and has appeared on lists of the greatest albums of all time.[39] BBC disc jockey John Peel said of the album, "If there has been anything in the history of popular music which could be described as a work of art in a way that people who are involved in other areas of art would understand, then Trout Mask Replica is probably that work."[40] Peel later ranked the record as the best pop album ever made.[41] Lester Bangs, in his original review for Rolling Stone in 1969, hailed the album as "a total success, a brilliant, stunning enlargement and clarification of [Captain Beefheart's] art", and said that, on "a purely verbal level", it is "an explosion of maniacal free-association incantations".[42] Years later, he wrote that "it was not even 'ahead' of its time in 1969. Then and now, it stands outside time, trends, fads, hypes, the rise and fall of whole genres eclectic as walking Christmas trees, constituting a genre unto itself: truly, a musical Monolith if ever there was one."[43] Steve Huey of AllMusic lauded the album as "stunningly imaginative", and wrote that its influence "was felt more in spirit than in direct copycatting, as a catalyst rather than a literal musical starting point. However, its inspiring reimagining of what was possible in a rock context laid the groundwork for countless experiments in rock surrealism to follow, especially during the punk/new wave era."[9] The Guardian called the album "the standard by which almost all experimental rock music is judged, its reputation as a fearsomely difficult listen undimmed by the passing of time or its influence."[44]

The album's unconventional nature often alienates new listeners. Cartoonist and writer Matt Groening tells of listening to Trout Mask Replica at the age of fifteen: "I thought it was the worst thing I'd ever heard. I said to myself, they're not even trying! It was just a sloppy cacophony. Then I listened to it a couple more times, because I couldn't believe Frank Zappa could do this to me – and because a double album cost a lot of money. About the third time, I realised they were doing it on purpose; they meant it to sound exactly this way. About the sixth or seventh time, it clicked in, and I thought it was the greatest album I'd ever heard".[17][45] The Signal's John Henry wrote in 1969 that the listeners will either love or hate it, "with no middle ground",[46] while journalist Will Smith, writing in the Omaha World-Herald in the same year, found that the album "becomes quite listenable after the initial shock" but was "not for the weak listener".[47] John Harris of The Guardian later discussed the idea that the album requires several listens to "get it", concluding it still sounded "awful" after six listens.[48] Critic Robert Christgau, in his 1969 "Consumer Guide" for The Village Voice, said that its "weirdness" prevented him from granting it a higher grade, but called it "very great played at high volume when you're feeling shitty, because you'll never feel as shitty as this record".[37] In 2003, Rolling Stone stated that "On first listen, Trout Mask Replica sounds like raw Delta blues", with Beefheart "singing and ranting and reciting poetry over fractured guitar licks. But the seeming sonic chaos is an illusion ... Tracks such as 'Ella Guru' and 'My Human Gets Me Blues' are the direct predecessors of modern musical primitives such as Tom Waits and PJ Harvey".[49]

In 2000, it was voted number 50 in Colin Larkin's All Time Top 1000 Albums.[50] He stated "This record is living proof of his bizarre genius." In 2003, the album was ranked at number 59 by Rolling Stone in their list of 500 Greatest Albums of All Time, and it was ranked number 60 on the 2012 revision of the list:[51] In his 1995 book The Alternative Music Almanac, Alan Cross placed the album at number two on his list of "10 Classic Alternative Albums". In 1995, Mojo put the album at number 28 on their "The 100 Greatest Albums Ever Made" list[52] and at number 51 on their list of "The 100 Records That Changed the World".[53] The album was also included in the book 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die.[54] Writer Al Spicer called it "in many ways the ultimate blues album, conveying intense experiences under intense pressure".[55] The A.V. Club called it an "avant-garde masterpiece."[56] Entertainment Weekly called it "an astonishing, influential onslaught of avant-garde blues that still reveals fresh lunatic nuances on the umpteenth listen."[57] Academic Langdon Winner referred to it as "the most astounding and important work of art ever to appear on a phonograph record".[58] On April 6, 2011, the album was added to the United States National Recording Registry for the year 2010 by the Library of Congress.[59] On January 13, 2012, as part of its "Inside the National Recording Registry" series, the public radio program Studio 360 broadcast a tribute to the album featuring drummer John French, biographer Mike Barnes, and Beefheart devotee Waits.[60]

Filmmaker David Lynch has called Trout Mask Replica his favorite album of all time,[61][62] and John Lydon has also listed it as one of the albums that shaped him, arguing: "It was anti-music in the most interesting and insane way ... all the bum notes I was being told off for by the teachers were finally being released by well-known artists. That was my confirmation. From then on, there was room for everything."[63] Guitar virtuoso Steve Vai also praised the album and admitted that the first time he heard it, he was appalled by how out of tune the album was and by Van Vliet's vocals, but after meeting him, he gave the album another chance and compared it to "a liberation".[64] In an October 1991 interview with Guitar Player magazine, when asked about his influences, guitarist John Frusciante of Red Hot Chili Peppers said, "the most important inspiration is undoubtedly Zoot Horn Rollo's playing on Captain Beefheart's Trout Mask Replica. If I listen to it first thing in the morning, I'm assured of a day of unbridled creativity."[65]

Track listing edit

All tracks are written by Don Van Vliet and arranged by John French

Side one
No.TitleLength
1."Frownland"1:41
2."The Dust Blows Forward 'n the Dust Blows Back"1:53
3."Dachau Blues"2:21
4."Ella Guru"2:26
5."Hair Pie: Bake 1" (instrumental)4:58
6."Moonlight on Vermont"3:59
Side two
No.TitleLength
1."Pachuco Cadaver"4:40
2."Bills Corpse"1:48
3."Sweet Sweet Bulbs"2:21
4."Neon Meate Dream of a Octafish"2:25
5."China Pig"4:02
6."My Human Gets Me Blues"2:46
7."Dali's Car" (instrumental)1:26
Side three
No.TitleLength
1."Hair Pie: Bake 2" (instrumental)2:23
2."Pena"2:33
3."Well"2:07
4."When Big Joan Sets Up"5:18
5."Fallin' Ditch"2:08
6."Sugar 'n Spikes"2:30
7."Ant Man Bee"3:57
Side four
No.TitleLength
1."Orange Claw Hammer"3:34
2."Wild Life"3:09
3."She's Too Much for My Mirror"1:40
4."Hobo Chang Ba"2:02
5."The Blimp (Mousetrapreplica)"2:04
6."Steal Softly thru Snow"2:18
7."Old Fart at Play"1:51
8."Veteran's Day Poppy"4:31
Total length:78:51

Personnel edit

Musicians

Additional personnel

Explanatory footnotes edit

  1. ^ Excluding the "home recordings" and "Moonlight on Vermont" and "Veteran's Day Poppy", recorded in 1968

Citations edit

  1. ^ "Captain Beefheat's Trout Mask Replica reissued on "fish scale" vinyl". April 3, 2018.
  2. ^ Helman, Peter. "Captain Beefheart's Trout Mask Replica Is Finally Streaming For The First Time". Stereogum. Retrieved December 23, 2022.
  3. ^ Spicer, Al (1999). Rock: 100 Essential CDs : the Rough Guide. Rough Guides. p. 39. ISBN 9781858284903. Retrieved May 17, 2018.
  4. ^ Paul Sheehan (2020). "Demolishing the Blues: Captain Beefheart as Modernist Outsider". The American Weird: Concept and Medium. Bloomsbury.
  5. ^ Meagher, John. "Ten avant garde albums that will challenge you". The Independent. Retrieved December 23, 2022.
  6. ^ "A beginner's guide to the weird world of Captain Beefheart". The A.V. Club. November 6, 2014. Retrieved July 8, 2017.
  7. ^ Vozick-Levinson, Simon (December 17, 2010). "Captain Beefheart, a.k.a. Don Van Vliet, dies at 69". Entertainment Weekly. New York City: Meredith Corporation. Retrieved September 29, 2016.
  8. ^ Johnston, Graham. "The Captain Beefheart Radar Station – Official Singles". Beefheart.com. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  9. ^ a b c Steve Huey. "Trout Mask Replica > Review". AllMusic. Retrieved May 16, 2016.
  10. ^ "Captain Beefheat's Trout Mask Replica reissued on "fish scale" vinyl". April 3, 2018.
  11. ^ Helman, Peter. "Captain Beefheart's Trout Mask Replica Is Finally Streaming For The First Time". Stereogum. Retrieved December 23, 2022.
  12. ^ Brown, Tony; Kutner, Tony; Warwick, Neil (2004). The Complete Book of the British Charts: Singles & Albums. Omnibus Press. p. 205.
  13. ^ "Search Results for CAPTAIN BEEFHEART from Piccadilly Records". piccadillyrecords.com. Retrieved August 8, 2017.
  14. ^ "vanity project interviews: The Magic Band". Vpinterviews.blogspot.com. April 21, 2005. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  15. ^ . The Captain Beefheart Radar Station. Archived from the original on December 13, 2007. Retrieved December 9, 2007.
  16. ^ Barnes, Mike. Captain Beefheart. Quartet Books, ISBN 0-7043-8073-0.
  17. ^ a b c Elaine Shepard (Producer), Declan Smith (Film research) (1997). The Artist Formerly Known as Captain Beefheart (Documentary). BBC.
  18. ^ French 2010, pp. 389–391.
  19. ^ teejo. "captain beefheart – interview magic band member – drumbo's old dress (part of 'french redressing') – 2004". Retrieved September 29, 2016.
  20. ^ Courier, Kevin (2007). Captain Beefheart's Trout Mask Replica. New York City: Bloomsbury Publishing USA. ISBN 9781441192691.
  21. ^ Miles, Barry (2005). Zappa: A Biography. Grove Press. pp. 182–183.
  22. ^ a b Chusid, Irwin (2000). Songs in the Key of Z: The Curious Universe of Outsider Music. London, England: Cherry Red Books. pp. 129–140. ISBN 1-901447-11-1.
  23. ^ From Zig Zag magazine, No. 8, 1969 (as cited by M. Barnes in Captain Beefheart)
  24. ^ French, pp. 291, 301
  25. ^ French pp. 356–387
  26. ^ Captain Beefheart: Under Review. Music Video Distributors. 2006.
  27. ^ French, pp. 802–803
  28. ^ French, pp. 805–806
  29. ^ French, p. 810
  30. ^ French, p. 813
  31. ^ Captain Beefheart's 'Trout Mask Replica': An Astonishingly Puzzling Adventure - Odyssey
  32. ^ Huey, Steve. "AllMusic review". AllMusic. Retrieved July 10, 2013.
  33. ^ Larkin, Colin (2011). Encyclopedia of Popular Music (5th ed.). Omnibus Press. p. 3074. ISBN 978-0857125958.
  34. ^ "Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band - Trout Mask Replica Review". Pitchfork. Retrieved April 28, 2018.
  35. ^ "Q". Q. November 1994. p. 136. Archived from the original on January 2, 2013. Retrieved February 5, 2018.
  36. ^ "Rolling Stone Album Guide – 5 Star Record List 1983". Rocklist.net. Retrieved July 10, 2013.
  37. ^ a b Christgau, Robert (December 11, 1969). "Consumer Guide (5)". The Village Voice. Retrieved October 5, 2020 – via robertchristgau.com.
  38. ^ Buckley, Peter (2003). The Rough Guide to Rock. Rough Guides. ISBN 9781843531050.
  39. ^ "Acclaimed Music". acclaimedmusic.net. Retrieved October 6, 2018.
  40. ^ Barnes, Mike (February 1999). . Perfect Sound Forever. Archived from the original on November 20, 2011. Retrieved December 9, 2007.
  41. ^ "John Peel's 20 favourite albums of all time". faroutmagazine.co.uk. August 30, 2021. Retrieved June 14, 2022.
  42. ^ Bangs, Lester (July 26, 1969). "Trout Mask Replica". Rolling Stone. No. 38. San Francisco: Straight Arrow Publishers, Inc. p. 37. Retrieved September 10, 2015.
  43. ^ Bangs, Lester (December 10, 2008). Main Lines, Blood Feasts, and Bad Taste: A Lester Bangs Reader. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. ISBN 9780307487896.
  44. ^ Petridis, Alexis. "Captain Beefheart: dust blows forward and dust blows back - an appreciation". The Guardian. Retrieved January 14, 2023.
  45. ^ Graham Johnston. . Beefheart.com. Archived from the original on October 14, 2009. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  46. ^ Henry, John (August 22, 1969). "Kick Out the Doors". The Signal: 2 – via Newspapers.com.
  47. ^ Smith, Will (September 5, 1969). "Captain Beefheart Album Is Not for Weak Listener". Omaha World-Herald: 7 – via Newspapers.com.
  48. ^ Harris, John (August 4, 2006). "Mission: unlistenable". The Guardian. London. Retrieved May 26, 2010.
  49. ^ . Rolling Stone. November 1, 2003. Archived from the original on February 6, 2010. Retrieved February 11, 2010.
  50. ^ All Time Top 1000 Albums (3rd ed.). Virgin Books. 2000. p. 58. ISBN 0-7535-0493-6.
  51. ^ "60) Trout Mask Replica". Rolling Stone. Retrieved August 7, 2012.
  52. ^ "Rocklist.net...Mojo Lists". Rocklistmusic.co.uk. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  53. ^ "Acclaimed Music Forum". Pub37.bravenet.com. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  54. ^ Dimery, Robert; Lydon, Michael (February 7, 2006). 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die: Revised and Updated Edition. Universe. ISBN 0-7893-1371-5.
  55. ^ Spicer, Al (1999). Rock: 100 Essential CDs : the Rough Guide. Rough Guides. p. 39. ISBN 9781858284903. Retrieved May 17, 2018.
  56. ^ "A beginner's guide to the weird world of Captain Beefheart". The A.V. Club. November 6, 2014. Retrieved July 8, 2017.
  57. ^ Collis, Clark. "Captain Beefheart: Five Essential Albums". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved August 9, 2020.
  58. ^ "Captain Beefheart". Daily Telegraph. December 19, 2010. ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved October 6, 2018.
  59. ^ "National Recording Preservation Board, 2010 Selections". LOC.gov. Library of Congress. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  60. ^ "Captain Beefheart: Trout Mask Replica". Studio 360. Public Radio International. January 12, 2012. Retrieved March 11, 2020 – via WNYC.org.
  61. ^ David Lynch, Angelo Badalamenti Talk Lost Thought Gang Album - Rolling Stone
  62. ^ . Archived from the original on March 21, 2020. Retrieved January 24, 2020.
  63. ^ Wray, Daniel Dylan (December 15, 2016). "John Lydon on the Music That Made Him". Pitchfork. Retrieved October 6, 2018.
  64. ^ Eglinton, Mark (July 31, 2012). "A Baker's Dozen: Steve Vai's 13 Favourite Albums Revealed". thequietus.com. Retrieved March 11, 2020.
  65. ^ Gore, Joe (October 1991). "The Red Hot Chili Peppers: Gods of Sex Funk". Guitar Player. Retrieved February 7, 2016.

General references edit

  • Barnes, Mike (2004). Captain Beefheart: The Biography.
  • Courrier, Kevin (2007). Trout Mask Replica.
  • French, John (2010). Beefheart: Through the Eyes of Magic. Dartford, Kent, England: Proper Music Publishing. ISBN 978-0956121240.

External links edit

trout, mask, replica, third, studio, album, american, band, captain, beefheart, magic, band, released, double, album, june, 1969, straight, records, music, composed, captain, beefheart, vliet, arranged, drummer, john, drumbo, french, combining, elements, garag. Trout Mask Replica is the third studio album by the American band Captain Beefheart and his Magic Band released as a double album on June 16 1969 by Straight Records The music was composed by Captain Beefheart Don Van Vliet and arranged by drummer John Drumbo French Combining elements of R amp B garage rock and blues with free jazz and avant garde composition 9 the album is regarded as an important work of experimental rock 10 11 Its unconventional musical style which includes polyrhythm multi octave vocals and polytonality has given the album a reputation as one of the most challenging recordings in the 20th century musical canon Trout Mask ReplicaStudio album by Captain Beefheart and his Magic BandReleasedJune 16 1969RecordedAugust 1968 March 1969StudioSunset Sound Recorders Los AngelesWhitney Studios GlendalePortable facilities at 4295 Ensenada Drive Woodland HillsGenreExperimental rock 1 2 blues 3 4 avant garde 5 6 art rock 7 Length78 51LabelStraightProducerFrank ZappaCaptain Beefheart and His Magic Band chronologyStrictly Personal 1968 Trout Mask Replica 1969 Lick My Decals Off Baby 1970 Singles from Trout Mask Replica Pachuco Cadaver Wild Life Released 1970 8 The album was produced by Frank Zappa and recorded in March 1969 at Whitney Studios in Glendale California following eight months of intense rehearsals at a small rented communal house in Los Angeles The lineup of the Magic Band at this time consisted of Bill Zoot Horn Rollo Harkleroad and Jeff Antennae Jimmy Semens Cotton on guitar Mark Rockette Morton Boston on bass guitar Victor The Mascara Snake Hayden on bass clarinet and John Drumbo French on drums and percussion Beefheart played several brass and woodwind instruments including saxophone musette and natural horn and contributed most of the vocal parts while Zappa and members of the band provided occasional vocals and narration The well rehearsed Magic Band recorded all instrumental tracks a 1 for the album in a single six hour recording session Beefheart s vocal and horn tracks were laid down over the next few days Trout Mask Replica sold poorly upon its initial release in the United States where it failed to appear in any charts It was more successful in the United Kingdom where it spent a week at number 21 on the UK Albums Chart 12 In recent years however Trout Mask Replica has been widely regarded as the masterpiece of Beefheart s musical career as well as an important influence on many subsequent artists 9 It was ranked number 60 on Rolling Stone s 2012 edition of the 500 Greatest Albums of All Time list and has appeared on the best of lists of many other publications In 2010 the album was selected for preservation in the United States National Recording Registry by the Library of Congress for being deemed culturally historically or aesthetically significant Contents 1 Background 2 Recording 3 Composition 4 Reception and legacy 5 Track listing 6 Personnel 7 Explanatory footnotes 8 Citations 9 General references 10 External linksBackground editCaptain Beefheart and his Magic Band had a history of difficult relationships with record labels A amp M Records released the band s first single a cover of Bo Diddley s Diddy Wah Diddy but dropped the contract after their first two singles failed to produce hits Buddah Records released the band s and the label s first album Safe as Milk in 1967 However the label began specializing in bubblegum pop a style in which Captain Beefheart had no place and the band again found themselves without a record label In late 1967 and the spring of 1968 they had several sets of re recording sessions for what became the albums Strictly Personal and Mirror Man 13 However due to contractual uncertainties they were unsure if the material would ever be released Around this time Van Vliet s high school friend Frank Zappa started his own record labels Bizarre and Straight and offered Captain Beefheart a name Zappa had given him the opportunity to record an album with complete artistic freedom nbsp Victor Hayden aka The Mascara Snake at the house where Trout Mask Replica was rehearsed and recorded in 1968In preparation the band rehearsed Van Vliet s difficult compositions for eight months living communally in a small rented house in Woodland Hills Los Angeles Van Vliet implemented his vision by asserting complete artistic and emotional domination of his musicians At various times one or another of the band members were put in the barrel with Van Vliet berating him continually sometimes for days until the musician collapsed in tears or in total submission to Van Vliet 14 According to John French and Bill Harkleroad these sessions often included physical violence French described the situation as cultlike 15 and a visiting friend said that the environment in that house was positively Manson esque 16 Their material circumstances also were dire With no income other than welfare and contributions from relatives the band survived on a bare subsistence diet French recounted living on no more than a small cup of soybeans a day for a month 17 and at one point band members were arrested for shoplifting food whereupon Zappa bailed them out 18 A visitor described their appearance as cadaverous and said that they all looked in poor health Band members were restricted from leaving the house and practiced for fourteen or more hours a day Van Vliet once told drummer John French that he had been diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia and he would see nonexistent conspiracies that explained this behavior 19 Recording edit Moonlight on Vermont and Veteran s Day Poppy were recorded at Sunset Sound Recorders in August 1968 about seven months before the rest of the songs These songs featured a lineup of Van Vliet Bill Harkleroad and Jeff Cotton on guitar John French on drums and Van Vliet s friend Gary Marker serving temporarily on bass as a replacement for the recently departed Jerry Handley About a month later Mark Boston joined the band as full time bassist The lineup of Van Vliet Harkleroad Cotton French and Boston recorded the rest of the tracks with Van Vliet s cousin Victor Hayden occasionally guesting on bass clarinet and vocals Zappa originally proposed to record the album as an ethnic field recording in the house where the band lived Working with Zappa and engineer Dick Kunc the band recorded some provisional backing tracks at the Woodland Hills house with sound separation obtained simply by having different instruments in different rooms Zappa thought these provisional recordings turned out well but Van Vliet became suspicious that Zappa was trying to record the album on the cheap and insisted on using a professional studio Zappa would say of Van Vliet s approach that it was impossible to tell him why things should be such and such a way It seemed to me that if he was going to create a unique object that the best thing for me to do was to keep my mouth shut as much as possible and just let him do whatever he wanted to do whether I thought it was wrong or not 17 Hair Pie Bake 1 one of the tracks recorded by Zappa and Kunc at the house appeared on the finished album Three other tracks on the album were recorded on a cassette recorder at the house the a cappella poems The Dust Blows Forward n The Dust Blows Back and Orange Claw Hammer and the improvised blues China Pig with former Magic Band member Doug Moon accompanying Van Vliet on guitar The Blimp was recorded by Zappa in his studio while on the phone with Van Vliet prior to the album s sessions Jeff Cotton was put on the phone to recite Van Vliet s latest poem which Zappa recorded and put over a Mothers of Invention backing track which had been known to the Mothers uncredited on Trout Mask s credits as Charles Ives 20 When they entered the studio the band completed twenty instrumental tracks in a single six hour recording session 21 Van Vliet spent the next few days overdubbing the vocals Instead of singing while monitoring the instrumental tracks over headphones he heard only the slight sound leakage through the studio window 22 As a result the vocals are only vaguely in sync with the instrumental backing when asked later about synchronization he remarked That s what they do before a commando raid isn t it 23 Van Vliet used the ensuing publicity particularly with a 1970 Rolling Stone interview with Langdon Winner to promulgate a number of myths which were subsequently quoted as fact Winner s article stated for instance that neither Van Vliet nor the members of the Magic Band ever took drugs but Harkleroad and French later discredited this 24 Van Vliet also claimed to have taught both Harkleroad and Mark Boston from scratch in fact the pair were already accomplished musicians before joining the band 22 Van Vliet also took complete credit for composition and arranging a claim that band members strongly disputed in later years 25 Composition editAccording to Van Vliet all of the songs on the album were written in a single eight hour session Band members have stated that two of the songs Moonlight on Vermont and Sugar n Spikes were written around December 1967 while Veteran s Day Poppy was written around late May or early June 1968 Most of the rest were composed over a period of several months in the summer and fall of 1968 in an unprecedented process of experimentation One influence on the compositional process was a tape that Van Vliet s friend Gary Marker had played for him Marker an aspiring recording engineer was learning how to splice audio tape He practiced by combining sections of various recordings so that they would join smoothly and maintain a consistent beat despite being from different sources When Van Vliet heard the tape he said excitedly That s what I want 26 Van Vliet used a piano an instrument he had never played before as his main compositional tool Since he had no experience with the piano and no conventional musical knowledge at all he was able to experiment with few preconceived ideas of musical form or structure Van Vliet sat at the piano until he found a rhythmic or melodic pattern that he liked John French then transcribed this pattern typically only a measure or two long into musical notation After Van Vliet was finished French would piece these fragments together into compositions reminiscent of the splicing together of disparate source material on Marker s tape French decided which part would be played on which instrument and taught each player his part although Van Vliet had the final say over the ultimate shape of the product Band member Bill Harkleroad has remarked on how haphazardly the individual parts were done worked on very surgically stuck together and then sculpted afterwards Once completed each song was played in exactly the same way every time eschewing the improvisation that typifies most popular music in favor of an approach more like a formal classical composition French has stated that about three quarters of the songs were composed at the piano The rest mostly consisted of parts that were whistled by Van Vliet In a few cases part of the song was composed at the piano while others were whistled Three of the pieces were unaccompanied vocal solos Well The Dust Blows Forward and the Dust Blows Back and Orange Claw Hammer while one was a spontaneous improvisation China Pig Bills Corpse was titled for the emaciated condition that Bill Harkleroad suffered before leaving an LSD cult to join the band and possibly to similar conditions Van Vliet created within the band s house 27 Van Vliet called the song Dali s Car a study in dissonance 28 Hobo Chang Ba was based on Van Vliet s stories as a young teenager in Mojave of going down and hanging with the hobos He said they were really nice people and he got to know the regulars 29 Drummer John French states of Old Fart at Play it was never intended to have these lyrics This is the only other time I saw Zappa aggressively put on his producer s hat and assert his will on Don The original title to this song was My Business Is the Truth Your Business Is a Lie 30 The album s title was adapted from some lines in Old Fart at Play the nose of the wooden mask Where the holes had just been uh moment ago Was now smooth amazingly blended camouflaged in With the very intricate rainbow trout replica Several of the compositions include brief passages from other songs Some were childhood reminiscences such as Gene Autry s recording El Rancho Grande from which one of the guitar lines in Veteran s Day Poppy was adapted or the Shortnin Bread melody used in Pachuco Cadaver Others were more contemporary such as the quote come out to show dem them from Steve Reich s Come Out used in Moonlight on Vermont or a melodic fragment from the Miles Davis recording of Concierto de Aranjuez used as the basis for the bridge of Sugar n Spikes The ending of Moonlight on Vermont also includes the refrain from the spiritual Old Time Religion A nonmusical influence was the art of Salvador Dali the instrumental Dali s Car was inspired by the band s viewing of an installation of Dali s Rainy Taxi 31 Reception and legacy editProfessional ratingsReview scoresSourceRatingAllMusic nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp 32 Encyclopedia of Popular Music nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp 33 Pitchfork10 10 34 Q nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp 35 The Rolling Stone Album Guide nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp 36 The Village VoiceB 37 Trout Mask Replica is considered to be Captain Beefheart s magnum opus 38 and has appeared on lists of the greatest albums of all time 39 BBC disc jockey John Peel said of the album If there has been anything in the history of popular music which could be described as a work of art in a way that people who are involved in other areas of art would understand then Trout Mask Replica is probably that work 40 Peel later ranked the record as the best pop album ever made 41 Lester Bangs in his original review for Rolling Stone in 1969 hailed the album as a total success a brilliant stunning enlargement and clarification of Captain Beefheart s art and said that on a purely verbal level it is an explosion of maniacal free association incantations 42 Years later he wrote that it was not even ahead of its time in 1969 Then and now it stands outside time trends fads hypes the rise and fall of whole genres eclectic as walking Christmas trees constituting a genre unto itself truly a musical Monolith if ever there was one 43 Steve Huey of AllMusic lauded the album as stunningly imaginative and wrote that its influence was felt more in spirit than in direct copycatting as a catalyst rather than a literal musical starting point However its inspiring reimagining of what was possible in a rock context laid the groundwork for countless experiments in rock surrealism to follow especially during the punk new wave era 9 The Guardian called the album the standard by which almost all experimental rock music is judged its reputation as a fearsomely difficult listen undimmed by the passing of time or its influence 44 The album s unconventional nature often alienates new listeners Cartoonist and writer Matt Groening tells of listening to Trout Mask Replica at the age of fifteen I thought it was the worst thing I d ever heard I said to myself they re not even trying It was just a sloppy cacophony Then I listened to it a couple more times because I couldn t believe Frank Zappa could do this to me and because a double album cost a lot of money About the third time I realised they were doing it on purpose they meant it to sound exactly this way About the sixth or seventh time it clicked in and I thought it was the greatest album I d ever heard 17 45 The Signal s John Henry wrote in 1969 that the listeners will either love or hate it with no middle ground 46 while journalist Will Smith writing in the Omaha World Herald in the same year found that the album becomes quite listenable after the initial shock but was not for the weak listener 47 John Harris of The Guardian later discussed the idea that the album requires several listens to get it concluding it still sounded awful after six listens 48 Critic Robert Christgau in his 1969 Consumer Guide for The Village Voice said that its weirdness prevented him from granting it a higher grade but called it very great played at high volume when you re feeling shitty because you ll never feel as shitty as this record 37 In 2003 Rolling Stone stated that On first listen Trout Mask Replica sounds like raw Delta blues with Beefheart singing and ranting and reciting poetry over fractured guitar licks But the seeming sonic chaos is an illusion Tracks such as Ella Guru and My Human Gets Me Blues are the direct predecessors of modern musical primitives such as Tom Waits and PJ Harvey 49 In 2000 it was voted number 50 in Colin Larkin s All Time Top 1000 Albums 50 He stated This record is living proof of his bizarre genius In 2003 the album was ranked at number 59 by Rolling Stone in their list of 500 Greatest Albums of All Time and it was ranked number 60 on the 2012 revision of the list 51 In his 1995 book The Alternative Music Almanac Alan Cross placed the album at number two on his list of 10 Classic Alternative Albums In 1995 Mojo put the album at number 28 on their The 100 Greatest Albums Ever Made list 52 and at number 51 on their list of The 100 Records That Changed the World 53 The album was also included in the book 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die 54 Writer Al Spicer called it in many ways the ultimate blues album conveying intense experiences under intense pressure 55 The A V Club called it an avant garde masterpiece 56 Entertainment Weekly called it an astonishing influential onslaught of avant garde blues that still reveals fresh lunatic nuances on the umpteenth listen 57 Academic Langdon Winner referred to it as the most astounding and important work of art ever to appear on a phonograph record 58 On April 6 2011 the album was added to the United States National Recording Registry for the year 2010 by the Library of Congress 59 On January 13 2012 as part of its Inside the National Recording Registry series the public radio program Studio 360 broadcast a tribute to the album featuring drummer John French biographer Mike Barnes and Beefheart devotee Waits 60 Filmmaker David Lynch has called Trout Mask Replica his favorite album of all time 61 62 and John Lydon has also listed it as one of the albums that shaped him arguing It was anti music in the most interesting and insane way all the bum notes I was being told off for by the teachers were finally being released by well known artists That was my confirmation From then on there was room for everything 63 Guitar virtuoso Steve Vai also praised the album and admitted that the first time he heard it he was appalled by how out of tune the album was and by Van Vliet s vocals but after meeting him he gave the album another chance and compared it to a liberation 64 In an October 1991 interview with Guitar Player magazine when asked about his influences guitarist John Frusciante of Red Hot Chili Peppers said the most important inspiration is undoubtedly Zoot Horn Rollo s playing on Captain Beefheart s Trout Mask Replica If I listen to it first thing in the morning I m assured of a day of unbridled creativity 65 Track listing editAll tracks are written by Don Van Vliet and arranged by John FrenchSide oneNo TitleLength1 Frownland 1 412 The Dust Blows Forward n the Dust Blows Back 1 533 Dachau Blues 2 214 Ella Guru 2 265 Hair Pie Bake 1 instrumental 4 586 Moonlight on Vermont 3 59 Side twoNo TitleLength1 Pachuco Cadaver 4 402 Bills Corpse 1 483 Sweet Sweet Bulbs 2 214 Neon Meate Dream of a Octafish 2 255 China Pig 4 026 My Human Gets Me Blues 2 467 Dali s Car instrumental 1 26 Side threeNo TitleLength1 Hair Pie Bake 2 instrumental 2 232 Pena 2 333 Well 2 074 When Big Joan Sets Up 5 185 Fallin Ditch 2 086 Sugar n Spikes 2 307 Ant Man Bee 3 57 Side fourNo TitleLength1 Orange Claw Hammer 3 342 Wild Life 3 093 She s Too Much for My Mirror 1 404 Hobo Chang Ba 2 025 The Blimp Mousetrapreplica 2 046 Steal Softly thru Snow 2 187 Old Fart at Play 1 518 Veteran s Day Poppy 4 31Total length 78 51Personnel editMusicians Captain Beefheart Don Van Vliet lead and backing vocals spoken word tenor saxophone soprano saxophone bass clarinet musette simran horn hunting horn jingle bells producer uncredited engineer uncredited Drumbo John French drums percussion engineer uncredited on the original release arrangement uncredited Antennae Jimmy Semens Jeff Cotton guitar steel appendage guitar slide guitar using a metal slide lead vocals on Pena and The Blimp flesh horn vocal with hand cupped over mouth on Ella Guru speaking voice on Old Fart at Play Zoot Horn Rollo Bill Harkleroad guitar glass finger guitar slide guitar using a glass slide flute on Hobo Chang Ba Rockette Morton Mark Boston bass guitar narration on Dachau Blues and Fallin Ditch The Mascara Snake Victor Hayden bass clarinet backing vocals on Ella Guru speaking voice on Pena Additional personnel Doug Moon acoustic guitar on China Pig Gary Magic Marker bass guitar on Moonlight on Vermont and Veteran s Day Poppy uncredited Roy Estrada bass guitar on The Blimp uncredited Arthur Tripp III drums and percussion on The Blimp uncredited Don Preston piano on The Blimp uncredited Ian Underwood alto saxophone on The Blimp uncredited inaudible Bunk Gardner tenor saxophone on The Blimp uncredited inaudible Buzz Gardner trumpet on The Blimp uncredited inaudible Frank Zappa speaking voice on Pena and The Blimp uncredited engineer uncredited producer Richard Dick Kunc speaking voice on She s Too Much for My Mirror uncredited engineer Cal Schenkel album design Ed Caraeff and Cal Schenkel photographyExplanatory footnotes edit Excluding the home recordings and Moonlight on Vermont and Veteran s Day Poppy recorded in 1968Citations edit Captain Beefheat s Trout Mask Replica reissued on fish scale vinyl April 3 2018 Helman Peter Captain Beefheart s Trout Mask Replica Is Finally Streaming For The First Time Stereogum Retrieved December 23 2022 Spicer Al 1999 Rock 100 Essential CDs the Rough Guide Rough Guides p 39 ISBN 9781858284903 Retrieved May 17 2018 Paul Sheehan 2020 Demolishing the Blues Captain Beefheart as Modernist Outsider The American Weird Concept and Medium Bloomsbury Meagher John Ten avant garde albums that will challenge you The Independent Retrieved December 23 2022 A beginner s guide to the weird world of Captain Beefheart The A V Club November 6 2014 Retrieved July 8 2017 Vozick Levinson Simon December 17 2010 Captain Beefheart a k a Don Van Vliet dies at 69 Entertainment Weekly New York City Meredith Corporation Retrieved September 29 2016 Johnston Graham The Captain Beefheart Radar Station Official Singles Beefheart com Retrieved June 7 2011 a b c Steve Huey Trout Mask Replica gt Review AllMusic Retrieved May 16 2016 Captain Beefheat s Trout Mask Replica reissued on fish scale vinyl April 3 2018 Helman Peter Captain Beefheart s Trout Mask Replica Is Finally Streaming For The First Time Stereogum Retrieved December 23 2022 Brown Tony Kutner Tony Warwick Neil 2004 The Complete Book of the British Charts Singles amp Albums Omnibus Press p 205 Search Results for CAPTAIN BEEFHEART from Piccadilly Records piccadillyrecords com Retrieved August 8 2017 vanity project interviews The Magic Band Vpinterviews blogspot com April 21 2005 Retrieved June 7 2011 Burundo Drumbi John French s Series of Q amp As 2000 1 The Captain Beefheart Radar Station Archived from the original on December 13 2007 Retrieved December 9 2007 Barnes Mike Captain Beefheart Quartet Books ISBN 0 7043 8073 0 a b c Elaine Shepard Producer Declan Smith Film research 1997 The Artist Formerly Known as Captain Beefheart Documentary BBC French 2010 pp 389 391 teejo captain beefheart interview magic band member drumbo s old dress part of french redressing 2004 Retrieved September 29 2016 Courier Kevin 2007 Captain Beefheart s Trout Mask Replica New York City Bloomsbury Publishing USA ISBN 9781441192691 Miles Barry 2005 Zappa A Biography Grove Press pp 182 183 a b Chusid Irwin 2000 Songs in the Key of Z The Curious Universe of Outsider Music London England Cherry Red Books pp 129 140 ISBN 1 901447 11 1 From Zig Zag magazine No 8 1969 as cited by M Barnes in Captain Beefheart French pp 291 301 French pp 356 387 Captain Beefheart Under Review Music Video Distributors 2006 French pp 802 803 French pp 805 806 French p 810 French p 813 Captain Beefheart s Trout Mask Replica An Astonishingly Puzzling Adventure Odyssey Huey Steve AllMusic review AllMusic Retrieved July 10 2013 Larkin Colin 2011 Encyclopedia of Popular Music 5th ed Omnibus Press p 3074 ISBN 978 0857125958 Captain Beefheart and His Magic Band Trout Mask Replica Review Pitchfork Retrieved April 28 2018 Q Q November 1994 p 136 Archived from the original on January 2 2013 Retrieved February 5 2018 Rolling Stone Album Guide 5 Star Record List 1983 Rocklist net Retrieved July 10 2013 a b Christgau Robert December 11 1969 Consumer Guide 5 The Village Voice Retrieved October 5 2020 via robertchristgau com Buckley Peter 2003 The Rough Guide to Rock Rough Guides ISBN 9781843531050 Acclaimed Music acclaimedmusic net Retrieved October 6 2018 Barnes Mike February 1999 Captain Beefheart and the Magic Band Trout Mask Replica Perfect Sound Forever Archived from the original on November 20 2011 Retrieved December 9 2007 John Peel s 20 favourite albums of all time faroutmagazine co uk August 30 2021 Retrieved June 14 2022 Bangs Lester July 26 1969 Trout Mask Replica Rolling Stone No 38 San Francisco Straight Arrow Publishers Inc p 37 Retrieved September 10 2015 Bangs Lester December 10 2008 Main Lines Blood Feasts and Bad Taste A Lester Bangs Reader Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group ISBN 9780307487896 Petridis Alexis Captain Beefheart dust blows forward and dust blows back an appreciation The Guardian Retrieved January 14 2023 Graham Johnston The Captain Beefheart Radar Station Plastic Factory Beefheart com Archived from the original on October 14 2009 Retrieved June 7 2011 Henry John August 22 1969 Kick Out the Doors The Signal 2 via Newspapers com Smith Will September 5 1969 Captain Beefheart Album Is Not for Weak Listener Omaha World Herald 7 via Newspapers com Harris John August 4 2006 Mission unlistenable The Guardian London Retrieved May 26 2010 58 Trout Mask Replica Rolling Stone November 1 2003 Archived from the original on February 6 2010 Retrieved February 11 2010 All Time Top 1000 Albums 3rd ed Virgin Books 2000 p 58 ISBN 0 7535 0493 6 60 Trout Mask Replica Rolling Stone Retrieved August 7 2012 Rocklist net Mojo Lists Rocklistmusic co uk Retrieved June 7 2011 Acclaimed Music Forum Pub37 bravenet com Retrieved June 7 2011 Dimery Robert Lydon Michael February 7 2006 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die Revised and Updated Edition Universe ISBN 0 7893 1371 5 Spicer Al 1999 Rock 100 Essential CDs the Rough Guide Rough Guides p 39 ISBN 9781858284903 Retrieved May 17 2018 A beginner s guide to the weird world of Captain Beefheart The A V Club November 6 2014 Retrieved July 8 2017 Collis Clark Captain Beefheart Five Essential Albums Entertainment Weekly Retrieved August 9 2020 Captain Beefheart Daily Telegraph December 19 2010 ISSN 0307 1235 Retrieved October 6 2018 National Recording Preservation Board 2010 Selections LOC gov Library of Congress Retrieved June 7 2011 Captain Beefheart Trout Mask Replica Studio 360 Public Radio International January 12 2012 Retrieved March 11 2020 via WNYC org David Lynch Angelo Badalamenti Talk Lost Thought Gang Album Rolling Stone David Lynch reciting Captain Beefheart track Pena Far Out Magazine Archived from the original on March 21 2020 Retrieved January 24 2020 Wray Daniel Dylan December 15 2016 John Lydon on the Music That Made Him Pitchfork Retrieved October 6 2018 Eglinton Mark July 31 2012 A Baker s Dozen Steve Vai s 13 Favourite Albums Revealed thequietus com Retrieved March 11 2020 Gore Joe October 1991 The Red Hot Chili Peppers Gods of Sex Funk Guitar Player Retrieved February 7 2016 General references editBarnes Mike 2004 Captain Beefheart The Biography Courrier Kevin 2007 Trout Mask Replica French John 2010 Beefheart Through the Eyes of Magic Dartford Kent England Proper Music Publishing ISBN 978 0956121240 External links editLyrics reviews and further details An appraisal of the album by Matt Groening Audio story Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Trout Mask Replica amp oldid 1179957222, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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