The Egyptian ney consists of a hollow cylinder with finger-holes. Sometimes a brass, horn, or plastic mouthpiece is placed at the top to protect the wood from damage, and to provide a sharper and more durable edge to blow on. The ney consists of a piece of hollow cane or giant reed with five or six finger holes and one thumb hole. Modern neys may instead be made of metal or plastic tubing. The pitch of the ney varies depending on the region and the finger arrangement. A highly skilled ney player, called neyzen, can reach more than three octaves, though it is more common to have several "helper" neys to cover different pitch ranges or to facilitate playing technically difficult passages in other dastgahs or maqams.
In Romanian, this instrument is called "fluier", the word nai[3] is applied to a curved pan flute while an end-blown flute resembling the Persian ney is referred to as caval.[4]
The typical Persian ney has six holes, one of which is on the back. Egyptian and Turkish neys normally have seven holes, six in front and one thumb-hole in the back.
The interval between the holes ranges from a semitone to three quarter tones, although microtones (and broader pitch inflections) are achieved via partial hole-covering, changes of embouchure, or positioning and blowing angle.[5] Microtonal inflection is common and crucial to various traditions of taqsim (improvisation in the same scale before a piece is played).
Neys are constructed in various keys. In the Egyptian and Arabic system, there are seven common ranges: the longest and lowest-pitched is the Rast which is roughly equivalent to C in the Western equal temperament system, followed by the Dukah in D, the Busalik in E, the Jaharka in F, the Nawa in G, the Hussayni in A, and the Ajam in B (or B♭), with the Dukah Ney being the most common. Advanced players will typically own a set of several neys in various keys, although it is possible (albeit difficult) to play fully chromatically on any instrument. A slight exception to this rule is found in the extreme lowest range of the instrument, where the fingering becomes quite complex and the transition from the first octave (fundamental pitches) to the second is rather awkward.
Kargı düdük
Gargy-tuyduk (Karghy tuiduk) is a long reed flute whose origin, according to legend, is connected with Alexander of Macedonia, and a similar instrument existed in ancient Egypt. Kargı in Turkish means reed (Arundo donax, also known as Giant reed). The sound of the gargy-tuyduk has much in common with the two-voiced kargyra. During the playing of the gargy-tuyduk the melody is clearly heard, while the lower droning sound is barely audible. The allay epic songs have been described by the TurkologistN. Baskakov who divides them into three main types:
a) Kutilep kayla, in which the second sound is a light drone.
b) Sygyrtzip kayla, with a second whistling sound like the sound of a flute.
c) Kargyrlap kayla, in which the second sound can be defined as hissing.[6] The sound of the Turkmen gargy-tuyduk is most like the Altay Kargyrkip kayla. The garg-tuyduk can have six finger holes and a length of 780 mm or five finger holes and a length of 550 mm. The range of the garg-tuyduk includes three registers:
1) The lowest register – "non-working" – is not used during the playing of a melody.
2) The same as on the "non-working" register but an octave higher.
3) High register from mi of the second octave to ti.
Pamiri nay
The Pamiri nay is a transverse flute made of wood or, in Eastern Badakhshan, eagle bone. Although the name is similar to the Arabic end-blown nay, it might well be that this side-blown flute is more related to Chinese flutes such as the dizi, perhaps through a Mongol link.[7] It is used for solo melodies as well as with orchestras and for vocal accompaniment. One of the main uses of the nay is for the most original form of the traditional performance ‘falaki’. These are brief melodic sessions which can express complaints against destiny, the injustice of heaven or exile to distant places, and sentiments such as the sorrow of a mother separated from her daughter, the sorrow of a lover torn from her/his beloved, etc.[8]
Other forms with similar names
This ney from Russian Turkestan, about 1872, was a transverse flute.
The ney (nej) of Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Karakalpakstan is a transverse flute that can be made of different materials, often indicated by a prefix in the name. The agach-nai is a wooden flute, the garau-nai a bamboo flute, the misnai a flute made of sheet iron and the brindgzhi-nai a brass flute.
The Romanian pan flute nai consists of at least 20 to over 30 pipes closed at the bottom, which are connected to each other in a slight arc.
^Satilmis Yayla. . fromnorway.net. Archived from the original on 2016-04-12. Retrieved 2015-09-08.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
^N. Baskakov, Altay folklore and literature Gorno-Altaysk, 1948, p.II
^(PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-01-21. Retrieved 2011-05-21.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
^. Archived from the original on 2010-07-06. Retrieved 2010-06-06.
General bibliography
Effat, Mahmoud (2005). Beginner's Guide to the Nay. Translated by Jon Friesen; originally published in Arabic in 1968. Pitchphork Music. ISBN0-9770192-0-9.
Marwan Hassan (2010). Kawala & Nay: Die Ur-Flöten der Menschheit: Bauen, stimmen, pflegen und spielen. [German: Explaining How to Build and Play the Kawala, Saluang, or Ghab and Ney-Flute]
other, uses, disambiguation, persian, نی, arabic, nāy, الناي, blown, flute, that, figures, prominently, persian, music, turkish, music, arabic, music, some, these, musical, traditions, only, wind, instrument, used, been, played, continually, years, ancient, eg. For other uses see Ney disambiguation The ney Persian Ney نی Arabic Al Nay الناي is an end blown flute that figures prominently in Persian music Turkish music and Arabic music In some of these musical traditions it is the only wind instrument used The ney has been played continually for 4 500 5 000 years in ancient Egypt 1 making it one of the oldest musical instruments still in use 2 NeyPersian ney with six holes one on the back AncientClassificationEnd blownPlaying rangeThe Egyptian ney consists of a hollow cylinder with finger holes Sometimes a brass horn or plastic mouthpiece is placed at the top to protect the wood from damage and to provide a sharper and more durable edge to blow on The ney consists of a piece of hollow cane or giant reed with five or six finger holes and one thumb hole Modern neys may instead be made of metal or plastic tubing The pitch of the ney varies depending on the region and the finger arrangement A highly skilled ney player called neyzen can reach more than three octaves though it is more common to have several helper neys to cover different pitch ranges or to facilitate playing technically difficult passages in other dastgahs or maqams In Romanian this instrument is called fluier the word nai 3 is applied to a curved pan flute while an end blown flute resembling the Persian ney is referred to as caval 4 Contents 1 Typology 2 Kargi duduk 3 Pamiri nay 4 Other forms with similar names 5 See also 6 References 7 General bibliography 8 External linksTypology Edit Ney from a 19th century Qajun Iran tileThe typical Persian ney has six holes one of which is on the back Egyptian and Turkish neys normally have seven holes six in front and one thumb hole in the back The interval between the holes ranges from a semitone to three quarter tones although microtones and broader pitch inflections are achieved via partial hole covering changes of embouchure or positioning and blowing angle 5 Microtonal inflection is common and crucial to various traditions of taqsim improvisation in the same scale before a piece is played Neys are constructed in various keys In the Egyptian and Arabic system there are seven common ranges the longest and lowest pitched is the Rast which is roughly equivalent to C in the Western equal temperament system followed by the Dukah in D the Busalik in E the Jaharka in F the Nawa in G the Hussayni in A and the Ajam in B or B with the Dukah Ney being the most common Advanced players will typically own a set of several neys in various keys although it is possible albeit difficult to play fully chromatically on any instrument A slight exception to this rule is found in the extreme lowest range of the instrument where the fingering becomes quite complex and the transition from the first octave fundamental pitches to the second is rather awkward Kargi duduk EditGargy tuyduk Karghy tuiduk is a long reed flute whose origin according to legend is connected with Alexander of Macedonia and a similar instrument existed in ancient Egypt Kargi in Turkish means reed Arundo donax also known as Giant reed The sound of the gargy tuyduk has much in common with the two voiced kargyra During the playing of the gargy tuyduk the melody is clearly heard while the lower droning sound is barely audible The allay epic songs have been described by the Turkologist N Baskakov who divides them into three main types a Kutilep kayla in which the second sound is a light drone b Sygyrtzip kayla with a second whistling sound like the sound of a flute c Kargyrlap kayla in which the second sound can be defined as hissing 6 The sound of the Turkmen gargy tuyduk is most like the Altay Kargyrkip kayla The garg tuyduk can have six finger holes and a length of 780 mm or five finger holes and a length of 550 mm The range of the garg tuyduk includes three registers 1 The lowest register non working is not used during the playing of a melody 2 The same as on the non working register but an octave higher 3 High register from mi of the second octave to ti Pamiri nay EditThe Pamiri nay is a transverse flute made of wood or in Eastern Badakhshan eagle bone Although the name is similar to the Arabic end blown nay it might well be that this side blown flute is more related to Chinese flutes such as the dizi perhaps through a Mongol link 7 It is used for solo melodies as well as with orchestras and for vocal accompaniment One of the main uses of the nay is for the most original form of the traditional performance falaki These are brief melodic sessions which can express complaints against destiny the injustice of heaven or exile to distant places and sentiments such as the sorrow of a mother separated from her daughter the sorrow of a lover torn from her his beloved etc 8 Other forms with similar names Edit This ney from Russian Turkestan about 1872 was a transverse flute The ney nej of Uzbekistan Tajikistan and Karakalpakstan is a transverse flute that can be made of different materials often indicated by a prefix in the name The agach nai is a wooden flute the garau nai a bamboo flute the misnai a flute made of sheet iron and the brindgzhi nai a brass flute The Romanian pan flute nai consists of at least 20 to over 30 pipes closed at the bottom which are connected to each other in a slight arc See also EditTurkish ney Classical Turkish Music Tambin a similar sounding flute used in West Africa Tsuur Choor Kawala a similar instrument used in Arabic music Persian traditional music Arabic Music Music of Iran Washint Dilli NeyReferences Edit ANE TODAY 201801 The Earliest Music in Ancient Egypt American Society of Overseas Research ASOR Retrieved 2022 09 18 Prehistoric music Wikipedia 2022 09 06 retrieved 2022 09 18 nai in Dicţionarul explicativ al limbii romane Academia Romană Institutul de Lingvistică Iorgu Iordan Editura Univers Enciclopedic 1998 caval in Dicţionarul explicativ al limbii romane Academia Romană Institutul de Lingvistică Iorgu Iordan Editura Univers Enciclopedic 1998 Satilmis Yayla Fingering of two popular scales on two common Turkish ney types fromnorway net Archived from the original on 2016 04 12 Retrieved 2015 09 08 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint bot original URL status unknown link N Baskakov Altay folklore and literature Gorno Altaysk 1948 p II Archived copy PDF Archived from the original PDF on 2012 01 21 Retrieved 2011 05 21 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint archived copy as title link Main Page Archived from the original on 2010 07 06 Retrieved 2010 06 06 General bibliography EditEffat Mahmoud 2005 Beginner s Guide to the Nay Translated by Jon Friesen originally published in Arabic in 1968 Pitchphork Music ISBN 0 9770192 0 9 Marwan Hassan 2010 Kawala amp Nay Die Ur Floten der Menschheit Bauen stimmen pflegen und spielen German Explaining How to Build and Play the Kawala Saluang or Ghab and Ney Flute External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ney Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Nay Encyclopaedia Britannica 11th ed Cambridge University Press Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ney amp oldid 1164055128, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
