Netball in Australia
This article needs to be updated. (February 2017) |
Netball is the most popular women's team participation sport in Australia.[2] In 1985, there were 347,000 players.[3] In 1995, there were over 360,000 Australian netball players.[4] Throughout most of Australia's netball history, the game has largely been a participation sport; it has not managed to become a large spectator sport.[5] In 2005 and 2006, 56,100 Australians attended one to two netball matches. Of these, 41,600 were women.[6] 46,200 attended three to five netball matches, with 34,400 of those spectators being women.[6] 86,400 attended six or more netball matches, with 54,800 spectators being female.[6] Overall, 188,800 people attended netball matches, with 130,800 being female.[6] In 2005 and 2006, netball was the 10th most popular spectator sport for women with Australian rules football (1,011,300), horse racing (912,200), rugby league (542,600), motor sports (462,100), rugby union (232,400), football (212,200), harness racing (190,500), cricket (183,200) and tennis (163,500) all being more popular.[6] The country set an attendance record for a Netball match with a record crowd of 14,339 at the Australia–New Zealand Netball Test held at the Sydney Super Dome game in 2004.[7]
A Netball game held in Australia | |
| Country | Australia |
|---|---|
| Governing body | Netball Australia |
| National team(s) | Australia |
| Nickname(s) | Diamonds |
| First played | Early 1897 |
| Registered players | 360,000 |
National competitions | |
International competitions | |
Audience records | |
| Single match | 2015 Netball World Cup, 16,752, 16 August 2015, Sydney Super Dome[1] |
Netball, at the time called "women's basketball" (distinct from the form of basketball played by women), was introduced to Australia reportedly as early as 1897,[8] although most sources agree that it was established in that country around the start of the 20th century.[9] Interstate competition began in 1924, with the All-Australia Women's Basketball Association formed in 1927. An All-Australian Tournament, later called the Australian National Championships, was first contested between states in 1928, when it was won by Victoria.[10] During the 1930s in Australia, much of the participation in netball at universities was not organised, and players were not required to register.[11] It was believed that this was a positive for Netball as it allowed people to participate who might not have participated otherwise.[11] Australia's national team toured England in 1957.[12] This tour resulted in a number of Commonwealth countries meeting together in order to try to standardize the rules of the game.[12] The sport's name "netball" became official in Australia in 1940.[13][14]
In Australia 80% of all netball played is played at netball clubs.[4] The number of Netball Clubs around Australia has been in decline since the 1940s.[15] Between 1985 and 2003, only two Western Australian towns decreased the distance that Netball players had to travel in order to compete; these towns were Brookton and Pingelly.[16] Prior to the creation of the trans-Tasman ANZ Championship in 2013, the National Netball League was the major competition in Australia.[17] It included teams from the Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria, South Australia and Western Australia.[17] After the 2016 ANZ Championship season, Netball Australia pulled out of that competition and established Suncorp Super Netball as the country's new top league.[18]
The Netball demographic profile is a 18 to 24 year old, unmarried, Australian-born, female who is employed full-time.[2] The average Netball player in New South Wales has played the game for 10.8 years.[19] Most New South Wales based school-aged Netball players play at school and with friends.[19] Girls from non-English speaking backgrounds were more likely to play for fun than their English speaking counterparts, who often played for their school or parents.[20] Non-English speaking girls were less likely to have mothers who played netball, 18.2%, compared to 35.2% for their English speaking counterparts.[20] Most New South Wales based adult players played netball for fun, and for the physical benefits of the sport.[20]
The country has hosted several major important international netball events including:
- The 1967 (Perth), 1991 (Sydney) and 2015 (Sydney) World Netball Championships.[21]
- The Netball Tournament at the 2006 and 2018 Commonwealth Games.[22]
- The 2011 International Challenge Men's and Mixed Netball Tournament in Perth.[23]
The Australian national netball team is regarded as the most successful netball team in international netball. It won the first world championships in 1963 in England,[14] and nine of the twelve Netball World Championships. In addition to being the current world champions, the Australian Diamonds are ranked first on the INF World Rankings.[24]
Australia beat the Silver Ferns to win the World Youth Netball Championships in July 2009 in the Cook Islands.[25] Australia also has a men's national team. It has competed in the 2009 and 2011 International Challenge Men's and Mixed Netball Tournament.[23]
Australian Netball Milestones
1920
- First recorded interstate match, Sydney, Australia
1927
- All Australia Women's Basket Ball Association formed
1928
- First All-Australia Carnival held – in Victoria, Australia
1931
- First AA Umpires Award – Anne Clark, and Elsie Ferres
1938
- First International match (Australia vs. New Zealand, in Melbourne, Australia)
1956
- More than 7,000 people watch Australia defeat England in London
1960
- The International Federation (IFNA) established in August during a Conference in Colombo, Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) and agreement reached on the adoption of an international code of playing rules
1963
- First World Tournament (Eastbourne, England – 11 Countries)
- Australia become the first World Champions
1967
- Australia runner-up to New Zealand at World Tournament
1970
- The sports name changed from Basket Ball to Netball
1971
- Australia wins World Tournament
1975
- Australia wins Netball World Championship
1976
- AA Club Carnival introduced
1978
- First full-time salaried position, National Development Officer, appointed
- National office established in Martin Place, Sydney, Australia
1979
- Australia equal first (with New Zealand & Trinidad/Tobago) at World Tournament
1980
- First Under Age National Championships (Youth 16 and under at Penrith, Sydney, Australia)
- First National Coaching Director appointed (Joyce Brown)
1981
- Netball becomes one of 8 foundation sports at the Australian Institute of Sport, Canberra, Australia
- 1st International Club Competition held in Hawaii (AIS winners)
- A direct mail service – AANA Sports Trading – introduced
1983
- National office relocates to Clarence Street, Sydney, Australia
- International Club Carnival the “Esso Gold” held on the Gold Coast Queensland and televised
- Australia World Champions
1984
- Honorary National Treasurer appointed (Gladys Waugh)
- 1st Under 21 Australian Team (Young Australians) selected
1985
- National Executive Administrative Officer appointed (Robert McMurtrie)
- Inaugural National Netball Carnival for Intellectually Disabled Players
- First officially published Annual Report of the AANA (1985/86)
- First National League competition – Esso Superleague
1986
- Purchase of headquarters at Cowper Street, Harris Park in Sydney, Australia
- Incorporation of the Association (All Australia Netball Association Limited)
- Adoption of a Player Trust Fund Policy enables elite players to earn from the sport
1987
- Finals Rounds introduced to Open/21s National Championships
- Australia equal second (with Trinidad/Tobago) to New Zealand at World Tournament
1988
- First World Youth Cup – in Canberram, Australia (Australia Winners)
1990
- National Media Coordinator appointed (Keeley Devery)
- Winners of the Esso Superleague receive the Prime Minister's Cup
- Australian Netball Touring Team visits China as part of Asian development
- Netball is a demonstration sport at Commonwealth Games in Auckland, New Zealand
1991
- Australia hosts the World Championships in Sydney, Australia, and are victorious over New Zealand in the final
- Australia now part of IFNA's Asian region (formerly in Oceania)
1992
- National Umpiring Director appointed (Chris Burton)
1993
- Head Office relocated to Wentworth Street, Parramatta, Sydney, Australia
- Netball acknowledged as a “Recognized Sport” by the International Olympic Committee
- Introduction of a National Umpiring Badge
- Inaugural Australasian Regional Schools Championships
1994
- Association Management Review carried out by Albany Consulting
1995
- New structure approved – Nine Board Directors (including NED)
- Australia retains World Championship crown
1996
- Date of AGM altered to May
- National Netball League Company established
- Australia wins Netball World Youth Cup
1997
- Inaugural year – Commonwealth Bank Trophy competition
- New Financial Year took effect for NA, following the calendar year: January to December
- Launch of Netball Australia Website
1998
- The honorary position of National Liaison Officer is abolished
- Australia wins gold at Commonwealth Games (Kuala Lumpur)
1999
- The Australian 21U coach and AIS head coach positions become one (Norma Plummer)
- First high-performance manager appointed (Sue Hawkins)
- Australia wins World Championships
2000
- Hundreds of netball personnel are recipients of the Australian Sports Medal awarded by the Australian Government
- Australia wins Netball World Youth Cup
2001
- National Netball League Party Limited Company is deregistered
2002
- Head Office relocates to new premises in Marion Street, Harris Park, Sydney, Australia
- Australia retains Commonwealth Games title in Manchester
2003
- Australia runners-up to New Zealand at World Championships
2004
- World Record Crowd (14,339) attends Australia v New Zealand Sydney Test
2005
- Australia places third, behind England (second), and New Zealand (first) at the World Youth Netball Championships (held in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA)
2006
- Netball Australia launches the National Membership Administration System which links all clubs, Associations and Member Organisations with Netball Australia for the first time
- Australia wins silver at the Melbourne 2006 Commonwealth Games. New Zealand wins gold.
- Commonwealth Bank Trophy celebrates its 10th season since its inception, in 1997
2007
- Head Office relocates to new premises in King Street, Melbourne, Australia
- Australia wins the 2007 World Netball Championships held in Auckland, New Zealand
2008
- Inaugural year of the ANZ Championship (replacing Commonwealth Bank Trophy)
- Establishment of the Australian Netball League, the country's second-tier feeder league
- National team becomes the "Australian Netball Diamonds”
2009
- Australia wins the World Youth Netball Championships in the Cook Islands, beating New Zealand in the Final.
2010
- Australia wins silver at the Delhi 2010 Commonwealth Games. New Zealand win gold.
- Sharelle McMahon honored by the Australian Commonwealth Games Association. She was chosen to lead the Australian team out as opening ceremony flag bearer at the Delhi Commonwealth Games.
2011
- Australia wins the 2011 World Netball Championship held in Singapore, the 10th world title.
- Lisa Alexander takes over as Diamonds coach from Norma Plummer following the World Championships.
- Queensland Firebirds create history by completing the ANZ Championship season undefeated.
2013
- Netball Australia moves head office into the new Netball HQ located in Fitzroy.
- Australia wins silver at the 2013 World Youth Netball Cup played in Glasgow, Scotland. New Zealand wins gold.
- Australia's Fast5 Netball World Series team rebranded as the `Fast5 Flyers’.
2017
- Establishment of the new Suncorp Super Netball competition, the country's new premier domestic netball league.
- Re-alignment of the Australian Netball League second-tier competition.
References
- ^ "Australian Sport Attendance Records | Austadiums".
- ^ a b Taylor 1998, p. 6
- ^ Van Bottenburg 2001, p. 214
- ^ a b DaCosta & Miragaya 2002, p. 66
- ^ DaCosta & Miragaya 2002, p. 37
- ^ a b c d e Australian Bureau of Statistics 2007
- ^ Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade 2008
- ^ Taylor 2001
- ^ Netball Australia
- ^ Blanch 1978, p. 284
- ^ a b Perth Gazette 1934
- ^ a b International Federation of Netball Associations 2008
- ^ Australian Women's Weekly 1977
- ^ a b Australian Women's Weekly 1979
- ^ Atherly 2006, p. 352
- ^ Atherly 2006, p. 356
- ^ a b Davis & Davis 2006, p. 4
- ^ Mitchell, Brittany (25 August 2016). "Why Netball Australia had to separate from New Zealand to secure dominant future". ESPN.com. Retrieved 25 March 2018.
- ^ a b Taylor 1998, p. 13
- ^ a b c Taylor 1998, p. 14
- ^ Netball Singapore 2011b
- ^ Hickey & Navin 2007, p. 35
- ^ a b Samoa Observer 2011
- ^ International Netball Federation. "Current World Rankings". Last updated 16 August 2015.
- ^ World Youth Netball Championships – Cook Island 2009 2009
Bibliography
- Australian Bureau of Statistics (2006). "4177.0 – Participation in Sports and Physical Recreation, Australia 2005–06". Retrieved 28 February 2011.
- Australian Women's Weekly (20 July 1977). "NETBALL". The Australian Women's Weekly. National Library of Australia. p. 29. Retrieved 1 March 2011.
- Blanch, John, ed. (1978). Ampol's Sporting Records (Revised Fifth ed.). Crows Nest, New South Wales, Australia: Jack Pollard Publishing Pty. Ltd. p. 284. ISBN 0-909950-22-9.
- DaCosta, Lamartine P.; Miragaya, Ana (2002). Worldwide experiences and trends in sport for all. Meyer & Meyer Sport. ISBN 1-84126-085-1. OCLC 248362122.
- Davis, Luke; Davis, Damien (2006). Netball. Getting into. Macmillan Education. ISBN 0-7329-9987-1. OCLC 156762948.
- Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (May 2008). . Archived from the original on 5 March 2011. Retrieved 3 March 2011.
- International Federation of Netball Associations. . Archived from the original on 6 March 2011. Retrieved 13 October 2008.
- International Federation of Netball Associations (21 January 2011a). . Archived from the original on 19 May 2011. Retrieved 4 March 2011.
- International Federation of Netball Associations (3 April 2009d). . International Federation of Netball Associations. Archived from the original on 14 March 2011. Retrieved 11 April 2009.
- International Federation of Netball Associations (3 April 2009b). . IFNA. Archived from the original on 14 March 2011. Retrieved 11 April 2009.
- International Federation of Netball Associations (14 January 2009c). . International Federation of Netball Associations. Archived from the original on 2 February 2009. Retrieved 6 February 2009.
- International Netball (September 2006). . International Netball. Archived from the original on 27 February 2011. Retrieved 28 February 2011.
- Netball Australia. . Archived from the original on 16 September 2009. Retrieved 22 July 2012.
- Netball Singapore (2011b). . Archived from the original on 18 February 2011. Retrieved 1 March 2011.
- Samoa Observer (28 February 2011). . Samoa Observer. Archived from the original on 19 March 2012. Retrieved 2 March 2011.
- Perth Gazette (3 May 1934). "UNIVERSITY SWIMMING". The West Australian. Perth: National Library of Australia. p. 15. Retrieved 1 March 2011.
- Taylor, Tracy (November 2001). "Gendering Sport: The Development of Netball in Australia" (PDF). Sporting Traditions, Journal of the Australian Society for Sports History. 18 (1): 57–74. Retrieved 22 July 2012.
- Taylor, Tracy (1998). "Issues of cultural diversity in women's sport". (PDF). Vol. 29. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 January 2012. Retrieved 28 February 2011.
- Van Bottenburg, Maarten (2001). Global games. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 0-252-02654-3.
- World Youth Netball Championships – Cook Island 2009 (22 August 2009). "NZ loses WYNC final to a fired-up Australian team". Retrieved 1 March 2011.
External links
- Netball Australia