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Huehuetenango Department

December 15, 2023

Huehuetenango is one of the 22 departments of Guatemala. It is located in the western highlands and shares the borders with the Mexican state of Chiapas in the north and west; with El Quiché in the east, with Totonicapán, Quetzaltenango and San Marcos in the south. The capital is the city of Huehuetenango.[2]

Huehuetenango Department
Departmento de Huehuetenango
Department of Guatemala
Counterclockwise from top: Zaculeu in the city of Huehuetenango, Cenotes de Candelaria in Nenton, Hoyo Cimarron in La Trinidad Nenton, Catarata de Pajaj in San Pedro Soloma, Lagartero river in Nenton and Laguna Brava in Nenton Huehuetenango
Flag
Coat of arms
Huehuetenango
Coordinates: 15°18′51″N 91°28′33″W / 15.31417°N 91.47583°W / 15.31417; -91.47583
CountryGuatemala
CapitalHuehuetenango
Municipalities31
Government
 • TypeDepartmental
Area
 • Department of Guatemala7,400 km2 (2,900 sq mi)
Highest elevation
3,352 m (10,997 ft)
Lowest elevation
300 m (1,000 ft)
Population
 (2018)[1]
 • Department of Guatemala1,170,669
 • Density160/km2 (410/sq mi)
 • Urban
327,297
 • Ethnicities
Mam Q'anjob'al Chuj Jakaltek Tektik Awakatek Chalchitek Akatek K'iche Ladino
 • Religions
Roman Catholicism Evangelicalism Maya
Time zoneUTC-6
ISO 3166 codeGT-HU

Huehuetenango's ethnic composition is one of the most diverse in Guatemala. While the Mam are predominant in the department, other Maya groups are the Q'anjob'al, Chuj, Jakaltek, Tektik, Awakatek, Chalchitek, Akatek and K'iche'. Each of these nine Maya ethnic groups speaks its own language.[3][4]

Name edit

The department of Huehuetenango takes its name from the city of the same name which serves as the departmental capital. The name derives from the Nahuatl language of central Mexico, given by the indigenous allies of the Spanish conquistadors during the Spanish Conquest of Guatemala. It is usually said to mean "place of the elders", but it may also mean a "place of the ahuehuete trees".[5]

Geography edit

 
Bridge over the San Juan River near its source which is one of the principal tourist attractions in the department.

Huehuetenango covers an area of 7,403 square kilometres (2,858 sq mi) in western Guatemala and is bordered on the north and west by Mexico. On the east side it is bordered by the department of El Quiché and on the south by the departments of Totonicapán, Quetzaltenango and San Marcos.[6] The department encompasses almost the entire length of the Sierra de los Cuchumatanes mountain range, although there is a wide difference in altitude across the department, from heights of 3,352 metres (10,997 ft) above mean sea level to as low as 300 metres (980 ft) above sea level, encompassing an equally wide variation in local climate, ranging from mountain peaks where the temperature sometimes falls below freezing to tropical lowland rainforest.[7]

The department possesses various rivers that flow into the Chixoy River, also known as the Río Negro, which flows into the system of rivers forming the drainage basin of the Usumacinta River, which empties into the Gulf of Mexico. The most important tributaries of the Chixoy in Huehuetenango are the Hondo and Xecunabaj rivers, which flow into the department from the neighbouring departments of El Quiché and Totonicapán.[8]

The Cuilco River enters the department from neighbouring San Marcos and crosses into the Mexican state of Chiapas, where it joins with the Grijalva River, which empties into the Gulf of Mexico. Its most important tributaries in Huehuetenango are the Apal, Chomá and Coxtón rivers.[8]

The Ixcán River has its source near Santa Cruz Barillas and flows northwards towards Mexico where it joins the Lacuntún River, a tributary of the Usumacinta.[9]

The Nentón River is formed in the municipality of San Sebastián Coatán by the joining of the rivers Nupxuptenam and Jajaniguán. It flows westwards across the border into Mexico where it empties into the Presa de la Angostura reservoir.[10]

The Selegua River has its source in the Sierra de los Cuchumatanes and flows northwards, crossing the border into Chiapas, where it joins the Cuilco River to form the Grijalva River, to flow onwards to the Gulf of Mexico. Its principal tributaries are the Pino, Sibilá, Ocubilá, Naranjo, Colorado, Torlón, Mapá and Chicol rivers.[11]

The largest body of standing water in the department is Laguna Yolnabaj, in the extreme north, close to the border with Mexico. Smaller lakes include Laguna Maxbal, Laguna Yolhuitz, and Laguna Seca, all in the northeast of the department.[2]

Population edit

 
San Mateo Ixtatán.

In 2018 the department was recorded as having 1,170,669 inhabitants.[1] Over 70% of the population are estimated to be living in poverty, with 22% living in extreme poverty and are unable to meet basic necessities.[12] The majority of the population (variously estimated at 64–75%) belongs to indigenous Maya groups with the remainder being Spanish-speaking Ladinos. The Ladinos tend to be concentrated in towns and villages including Huehuetenango, Cuilco, Chiantla, Malacatancito, La Libertad, San Antonio Huista and La Democracia, which have a relatively low indigenous population. In the rest of the department, the Maya groups make up the majority of the population as much in the towns as the countryside.[13] Huehuetenango has the greatest number of Mam Maya in Guatemala, although there are also Mam speakers in the departments of Quetzaltenango and San Marcos, and in the Mexican state of Chiapas.[14]

In 2008, 58% of the population of the department was aged 19 years or younger.[15]

History edit

Early history edit

 
The Maya ruins of Zaculeu, near Huehuetenango city

The area was occupied by the Maya civilization since at least the Mesoamerican Early Classic Period.[16] At the time of the Spanish Conquest, the Maya city of Zaculeu was the initial focus of Spanish attention in the region that would later become the department of Huehuetenango. The city was defended by the Mam king Kayb'il B'alam; in 1525 it was attacked by Gonzalo de Alvarado y Chávez, cousin of Conquistador Pedro de Alvarado.[17] After a siege lasting several months the Mam were reduced to starvation and Kayb'il B'alam finally surrendered the city to the Spanish.[18]

Four years after the Spanish conquest of Huehuetenango, in 1529, San Mateo Ixtatán, Santa Eulalia and Jacaltenango were given in encomienda to the conquistador Gonzalo de Ovalle, a companion of Pedro de Alvarado.[19] In 1684, a council led by Enrique Enriquez de Guzmán, then governor of Guatemala, decided upon the reduction of San Mateo Ixtatán and nearby Santa Eulalia, both within the colonial administrative district of the Corregimiento of Huehuetenango.[20]

On 2 February 1838, Huehuetenango joined with Quetzaltenango, El Quiché, Retalhuleu, San Marcos and Totonicapán to form the short-lived Central American state of Los Altos. The state was crushed in 1840 by general Rafael Carrera Turcios, at that time between periods in office as Guatemalan president.[21]

Huehuetenango includes pre-Columbian Maya archaeological sites at Zaculeu, Chalchitán, Mojá and San Mateo Ixtatán.[22]

Departmental history edit

The department of Huehuetenango was created by the presidential decree of Vicente Cerna Sandoval on 8 May 1866, although various attempts had been made to declare the district a department from 1826 onwards in order to better administer it.[23]

By 1883, Huehuetenango had 248 coffee plantations and produced 7334 quintals (Imperial hundredweight) of coffee.[24]

In 1887, a rebellion in Huehuetenango was put down by president Manuel Lisandro Barillas, who then suspended the constitutional guarantees of the department and redrafted its constitution.[25]

Economy and agriculture edit

 
Huehuetenango has produced coffee since the 19th century

During the 17th and 18th centuries, namely during the Spanish Colonial period, the main industries were mining and livestock production, which was run by Spaniards. In modern times agriculture is the most important industry, although mining continues on a small scale and handicraft production also contributes to the local economy.[26] Maize is cultivated across the whole department, without being limited by local climatic differences. The primary highland crops are wheat, potatoes, barley, alfalfa and beans. On the warmer lower slopes the primary crops are coffee, sugarcane, tobacco, chili, yuca, achiote and a wide range of fruits.[27]

Although historically cattle and horse farming were important, the size of production is much reduced in modern times, with the rearing of sheep, which is now more widespread. Mines in Huehuetenango produce silver, lead, zinc and copper. Gold was once mined in the department but it is no longer extracted.[26] In 2000, the private mining company Minas de Guatemala S.A. was extracting antimony from underground mines near San Ildefonso Ixtahuacán.[28]

Local handicraft production mainly consists of weaving traditional Maya textiles, mostly cotton but also wool, depending on the local climate.[26]

In 2008 the most exported product was coffee.[29]

Municipalities edit

The department of Huehuetenango includes 31 municipalities:[30]

Municipality[30] Ethnicity[30] Population Festival Altitude Extent
Aguacatán Awakatek/Chalchitek 45,506[31] moveable[32] 1,670 metres (5,480 ft)[32] 300 square kilometres (120 sq mi)[32]
Chiantla Ladino/Mam 73,927[31] 28 January–2 February[33] 2,000 metres (6,600 ft)[33] 536 square kilometres (207 sq mi)[31]
Colotenango Mam 25,091[34] 15 August[31] 1,590 metres (5,220 ft)[35] 71 square kilometres (27 sq mi)[35]
Concepción Huista Jakaltek 18,378[34] 6–8 December[36] 2,220 metres (7,280 ft)[37] 136 square kilometres (53 sq mi)[37]
Cuilco Ladino 46,407[38] 25 November–1 December[39] 1,150 metres (3,770 ft)[39] 592 square kilometres (229 sq mi)[39]
Huehuetenango Ladino 102,294[31] 16 July[31] 1,901 metres (6,237 ft)[40] 204 square kilometres (79 sq mi)[40]
Jacaltenango Jakaltek 41,112[34] 2 February[41] 1,438 metres (4,718 ft)[31] 212 square kilometres (82 sq mi)[31]
La Democracia Ladino 48,430[42] 2nd Friday of Lent[43] 920 metres (3,020 ft)[42] 136 square kilometres (53 sq mi)[42]
La Libertad Ladino/Mam 30,312[44] 12–15 January[45] 1,720 metres (5,640 ft)[45] 104 square kilometres (40 sq mi)[45]
Malacatancito Ladino/K'iche'[46] 19,177[34] 26 July[47] 1,709 metres (5,607 ft)[47] 68 square kilometres (26 sq mi)[47]
Nentón Chuj 38,820 15 January[48] 780 metres (2,560 ft)[49] 787 square kilometres (304 sq mi)[49]
San Antonio Huista Ladino/Jakaltek 13,756[50] 8–12 December[50] 1,230 metres (4,040 ft)[51] 256 square kilometres (99 sq mi)[50]
San Gaspar Ixchil Mam 7,000[52] 4–6 January[52] 1,400 metres (4,600 ft)[52] 34.9 square kilometres (13.5 sq mi)[52]
San Ildefonso Ixtahuacán Mam 30,466[53] 20–25 January[53] 1,580 metres (5,180 ft)[53] 184 square kilometres (71 sq mi)[53]
San Juan Atitán Mam 14,860[34] 25 June[54] 2,440 metres (8,010 ft)[54] 64 square kilometres (25 sq mi)[54]
San Juan Ixcoy Q'anjob'al 21,805[55] 24 June[56] 2,195 metres (7,201 ft)[56] 224 square kilometres (86 sq mi)[55]
San Mateo Ixtatán Chuj 29,823[57] 21 September[58] 2,540 metres (8,330 ft)[59] 560 square kilometres (220 sq mi)[59]
San Miguel Acatán Akateko[4] 24,329[34] 29 September[60] 1,780 metres (5,840 ft)[60] 152 square kilometres (59 sq mi)[60]
San Pedro Necta Mam 31,112[34] 5th Friday of Lent[61] 1,520 metres (4,990 ft)[61] 119 square kilometres (46 sq mi)[61]
San Pedro Soloma Q'anjob'al 37,499[62] 28 June[63] 2,270 metres (7,450 ft)[63] 140 square kilometres (54 sq mi)[63]
San Rafael La Independencia Akateko[64] 11,638[34] 24 October[65] 2,377 metres (7,799 ft)[65] 64 square kilometres (25 sq mi)[65]
San Rafael Petzal Mam 11,638[34] 24 October[66] 1,739 metres (5,705 ft)[66] 38 square kilometres (15 sq mi)[66]
San Sebastián Coatán Chuj 22,316[34] 20 January[67] 2,350 metres (7,710 ft)[67] 108 square kilometres (42 sq mi)[67]
San Sebastián Huehuetenango Mam 26,397[34] 20 January[68] 1,715 metres (5,627 ft)[68] 108 square kilometres (42 sq mi)[68]
Santa Ana Huista Jakaltek 8,583 26 July[69] 740 metres (2,430 ft)[69] 145 square kilometres (56 sq mi)[69]
Santa Bárbara Mam 16,665[34] 4 December[31] 2,430 metres (7,970 ft)[70] 448 square kilometres (173 sq mi)[70]
Santa Cruz Barillas Q'anjob'al 61,139[71] 3 May[72] 1,450 metres (4,760 ft)[72] 1,112 square kilometres (429 sq mi)[31]
Santa Eulalia Q'anjob'al 36,175[73] 12 February[73] 2,580 metres (8,460 ft)[74] 292 square kilometres (113 sq mi)[74]
Santiago Chimaltenango Mam 6,769[34] 25 July[75] 2,260 metres (7,410 ft)[75] 39 square kilometres (15 sq mi)[76]
Tectitán Mam 9,436[77] 22 July[78] 2,210 metres (7,250 ft)[78] 68 square kilometres (26 sq mi)[78]
Todos Santos Cuchumatán Mam 32,048[34] 1 November[31] 2,470 metres (8,100 ft)[31] 300 square kilometres (120 sq mi)[79]

People of note edit

Former president of Guatemala Efraín Ríos Montt was born in Huehuetenango city on 16 June 1926.[80]

Tourism edit

 
The image of Nuestra Señora de Chiantla

The main tourist attractions in the department include the source of the San Juan River and the restored Maya ruins of Zaculeu.[81] The town of Chiantla is a centre for religious tourism, with the Catholic Church being a pilgrimage destination due to its image of the Virgin of Candelaria, known locally as Nuestra Señora de Chiantla ("Our Lady of Chiantla").[82]

Notes edit

  1. ^ a b Citypopulation.de Population of departments in Guatemala
  2. ^ a b ITMB 2005.
  3. ^ "Departamentos de Guatemala - Huehuetenango". Servicio de Información Municipal (SIM). Retrieved 5 June 2008.. Rouanet et al. 1992, pp.4-5. Rodríguez L., p.v. Díaz Camposeco et al. 2008, pp.17, 19.
  4. ^ a b Akateko at Ethnologue
  5. ^ Rouanet et al. 1992, p.2.
  6. ^ Rouanet et al. 1992, p.1.
  7. ^ Rouanet et al. 1992, pp.5-6.
  8. ^ a b Rouanet et al. 1992, p.6. ITMB 2005.
  9. ^ Rouanet et al. 1992, p.7. ITMB 2005.
  10. ^ Rouanet et al. 1992, pp.6-7. ITMB 2005. GeoCenter.
  11. ^ Rouanet et al. 1992, pp.6-7. ITMB 2005.
  12. ^ Díaz Camposeco et al. 2008, p.13.
  13. ^ Rouanet et al. 1992, p.3. Hernández & González 2004.
  14. ^ Rouanet et al. 1992, p.4. Quintana Hernández & Rosales 2006, p.5.
  15. ^ Díaz Camposeco et al. 2008, p.14.
  16. ^ Arroyo 2001, p.42.
  17. ^ Polo Sifontes, undated.
  18. ^ Recinos 1986, p.110.
  19. ^ San Mateo Ixtatán at Inforpressca 2011-06-07 at the Wayback Machine. (in Spanish) MINEDUC 2001, pp.14-15.
  20. ^ Pons Sáez 1997, pp.149-150.
  21. ^ Gaitán 2004?, pp.37-38.
  22. ^ Rouanet et al. 1992, pp.5, 7, 15. MINEDUC 2001, p.12.
  23. ^ Rouanet et al. 1992, pp.2-3.
  24. ^ Wagner 2001, p.108.
  25. ^ Gaitán 2004?, p.62.
  26. ^ a b c Rouanet et al. 1992, p.8.
  27. ^ Rouanet et al. 1992, pp.8-10.
  28. ^ Velasco pp.6.3, Table 2.
  29. ^ Díaz Camposeco 2008, p.49.
  30. ^ a b c Rouanet et al 1992, pp.1-5.
  31. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Hernández & González 2004.
  32. ^ a b c 40 days after Holy Week.Aguacatán at Inforpessca. Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  33. ^ a b Chiantla at Inforpessca. 2005-04-03 at the Wayback Machine Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  34. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Estimated figure. Díaz Camposeco et al. 2008, p.16.
  35. ^ a b Colotenango at Inforpessca. Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  36. ^ Municipalidad de Concepción Husta Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  37. ^ a b Municipalidad de Concepción Husta Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  38. ^ Cuilco at Inforpessca. Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  39. ^ a b c Cuilca at Inforpessca. Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  40. ^ a b Municipalidad de Huehutenango Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  41. ^ Municipalidad de Jacaltenango. Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  42. ^ a b c La Democracia at Inforpessca. Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  43. ^ La Democracia at Inforpessca. Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  44. ^ La Libertad at Inforpessca. Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  45. ^ a b c La Libertad at Inforpessca. Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  46. ^ Tarax Herrera et al. 2005.
  47. ^ a b c Municipalidad de Malacatancito. Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  48. ^ Municipalidad de Nentón. Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  49. ^ a b Municipalidad de Nentón. Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  50. ^ a b c San Antonio Huista at Inforpressca. Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  51. ^ Municipalidad de San Antonio Huista[permanent dead link] Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  52. ^ a b c d San Gaspar Ixchil at Inforpressca. Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  53. ^ a b c d San Ildefonso Ixtahuacán at Inforpressca. Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  54. ^ a b c Municipalidad de San Juan Atitán Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  55. ^ a b San Juan Ixcoy at Inforpessca. Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  56. ^ a b Municipalidad de San Juan Ixcoy Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  57. ^ San Mateo Ixtatán at Inforpressca Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  58. ^ Municipalidad de San Mateo Ixtatán Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  59. ^ a b Municipalidad de San Mateo Ixtatán Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  60. ^ a b c Municipalidad de San Miguel Acatán Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  61. ^ a b c Municipalidad de San Pedro Nectar Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  62. ^ San Pedro Soloma at Inforpressca Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)]
  63. ^ a b c Municipalidad de San Pedro Soloma Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)]
  64. ^ Languages of Guatemala and Belize at larutamayaonline.com. Access date 2011-07-17.
  65. ^ a b c Municipalidad de San Rafael La Independencia Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)]
  66. ^ a b c Municipalidad de San Rafael Petzal Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)]
  67. ^ a b c Municipalidad de San Sebastian Coatán Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  68. ^ a b c Municipalidad de San Sebastian Huehuetenango Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  69. ^ a b c Municipalidad de Santa Ana Huista Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  70. ^ a b Municipalidad de Santa Barara Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  71. ^ Santa Cruz Barillas at Inforpressca Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  72. ^ a b Municipalidad de Santa Cruz Barillas Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  73. ^ a b Santa Eulalia at Inforpressca Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  74. ^ a b Municipalidad de Santa Eulalia Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  75. ^ a b Municipalidad de Santiago Chimaltenango Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  76. ^ SEGEPLAN-USIGHUE 2002, p.7.
  77. ^ Tectitán at Inforpressca Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  78. ^ a b c Municipalidad de Tectitán Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  79. ^ Municipalidad de Todos Santos Cuchumatán Access date 2010-02-07. (in Spanish)
  80. ^ Gaitán 2004?, p.149.
  81. ^ Rouanet et al., pp.7, 17.
  82. ^ Rouanet et al., pp.10-11.

References edit

  • Arroyo, Bárbara (July–August 2001). "El Posclásico Tardío en los Altos de Guatemala". Arqueología Mexicana (in Spanish). Mexico: Editorial Raíces. IX (50): 38–43. ISSN 0188-8218. OCLC 29789840.
  • Díaz Camposeco, Manrique; Megan Thomas; Wolfgang Krenmayr (2008). (PDF) (in Spanish). Huehuetenango, Guatemala.: Centro de Estudios y Documentación de la Frontera Occidental de Guatemala (CEDFOG). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-27. Retrieved 2010-02-09.
  • Gaitán A., Héctor (c. 2004). Los Presidentes de Guatemala: Historia y Anécdotas (in Spanish). Guatemala City: Artemis & Edinter. ISBN 84-89452-25-3. OCLC 49591587.
  • Hernández, Gonzalo; González, Miguel (2004). (PDF) (in Spanish). Guatemala: Prensa Libre. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-15. Retrieved 2010-02-06.
  • Guatemala (Map) (5th ed.). 1:470000. International Travel Maps. ITMB Publishing. 2005. ISBN 1-55341-230-3.
  • MINEDUC (2001). Eleuterio Cahuec del Valle (ed.). (PDF) (in Spanish). Vol. II (Versión escolar ed.). Guatemala: Universidad Rafael Landívar/UNICEF/FODIGUA. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-08-24. Retrieved 2010-02-06.
  • Polo Sifontes, Francis. Zaculeu: Ciudadela Prehispánica Fortificada (in Spanish). Guatemala: IDAEH (Instituto de Antropología e Historia de Guatemala).
  • Pons Sáez, Nuria (1997). La Conquista del Lacandón (in Spanish). Mexico: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. ISBN 968-36-6150-5. OCLC 40857165.
  • Quintana Hernández, Francisca; Cecilio Luis Rosales (2006). Mames de Chiapas. Pueblos indígenas del México contemporáneo (in Spanish). Mexico: Comisión Nacional para el Desarrollo de los Pueblos Indígenas (CDI). ISBN 970-753-047-2. OCLC 254999882.
  • Recinos, Adrian (1986). Pedro de Alvarado: Conquistador de México y Guatemala (in Spanish) (2nd ed.). Guatemala: CENALTEX Centro Nacional de Libros de Texto y Material Didáctico "José de Pineda Ibarra". OCLC 243309954.
  • Rodríguez L., Carlos Antonio. "La Determinación Estadística de los Grupos Étnicos, el Indigenisma, la Situación de la Pobreza y la Exlusión Social. Los Censos Integrados del 2002 y la inclusión social de los grupos étnicos. Perfil nacional del desarrollo sociodemográfico" (PDF) (in Spanish). Retrieved 2010-02-07.
  • Rodríguez Rouanet, Francisco; Fernando Seijas; Gerardo Townson Rincón (1992). Huehuetenango. Monografías de Guatemala, 2 (in Spanish). Guatemala: Banco Granai & Townson. OCLC 31405975.
  • SEGEPLAN-USIGHUE (September 2002). "Caracterización del Municipio de Santiago Chimaltenango del Departamento de Huehuetenango" (PDF) (in Spanish). Huehuetenango, Guatemala: Secretaría Planificación y Programación/Unidad de Sistema de Información Geográfica de huehuetenango (SEGEPLAN-USIGHUE). Retrieved 2010-12-30.
  • Tarax Herrera, Napoleón; Eulalio Argueta Calel; Víctor Manuel Larios Velásquez (September 2005). (PDF). Huehuetenango, Guatemala: helvetas Guatemala/Centro de Estudios y Documentación de la Frontera Occidental de Guatemala (CEDFOG). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-02-15. Retrieved 2010-02-08. (in Spanish and K'iche')
  • Velasco, Pablo. "The Mineral Industries of Central America — Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama" (PDF). U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines. OCLC 21384999. Retrieved 2010-02-09.
  • Wagner, Regina (2001). Historia del Café de Guatemala (in Spanish). Bogotá, Colombia: Benjamín Villegas & Asociados. ISBN 958-96982-8-X. OCLC 50391255.

External links edit

  • Información y Noticias de Huehuetenango. (in Spanish)
  • Interactive department map (in Spanish)
  • Estrategia de reducción de la pobreza - Huehuetenango[permanent dead link] (in Spanish)
  • Huehuetenango General Information

December 15, 2023
huehuetenango, department, huehuetenango, departments, guatemala, located, western, highlands, shares, borders, with, mexican, state, chiapas, north, west, with, quiché, east, with, totonicapán, quetzaltenango, marcos, south, capital, city, huehuetenango, depa. Huehuetenango is one of the 22 departments of Guatemala It is located in the western highlands and shares the borders with the Mexican state of Chiapas in the north and west with El Quiche in the east with Totonicapan Quetzaltenango and San Marcos in the south The capital is the city of Huehuetenango 2 Huehuetenango Department Departmento de HuehuetenangoDepartment of GuatemalaCounterclockwise from top Zaculeu in the city of Huehuetenango Cenotes de Candelaria in Nenton Hoyo Cimarron in La Trinidad Nenton Catarata de Pajaj in San Pedro Soloma Lagartero river in Nenton and Laguna Brava in Nenton HuehuetenangoFlagCoat of armsHuehuetenangoCoordinates 15 18 51 N 91 28 33 W 15 31417 N 91 47583 W 15 31417 91 47583CountryGuatemalaCapitalHuehuetenangoMunicipalities31Government TypeDepartmentalArea Department of Guatemala7 400 km2 2 900 sq mi Highest elevation3 352 m 10 997 ft Lowest elevation300 m 1 000 ft Population 2018 1 Department of Guatemala1 170 669 Density160 km2 410 sq mi Urban327 297 EthnicitiesMam Q anjob al Chuj Jakaltek Tektik Awakatek Chalchitek Akatek K iche Ladino ReligionsRoman Catholicism Evangelicalism MayaTime zoneUTC 6ISO 3166 codeGT HUHuehuetenango s ethnic composition is one of the most diverse in Guatemala While the Mam are predominant in the department other Maya groups are the Q anjob al Chuj Jakaltek Tektik Awakatek Chalchitek Akatek and K iche Each of these nine Maya ethnic groups speaks its own language 3 4 Contents 1 Name 2 Geography 3 Population 4 History 4 1 Early history 4 2 Departmental history 5 Economy and agriculture 6 Municipalities 7 People of note 8 Tourism 9 Notes 10 References 11 External linksName editThe department of Huehuetenango takes its name from the city of the same name which serves as the departmental capital The name derives from the Nahuatl language of central Mexico given by the indigenous allies of the Spanish conquistadors during the Spanish Conquest of Guatemala It is usually said to mean place of the elders but it may also mean a place of the ahuehuete trees 5 Geography edit nbsp Bridge over the San Juan River near its source which is one of the principal tourist attractions in the department Huehuetenango covers an area of 7 403 square kilometres 2 858 sq mi in western Guatemala and is bordered on the north and west by Mexico On the east side it is bordered by the department of El Quiche and on the south by the departments of Totonicapan Quetzaltenango and San Marcos 6 The department encompasses almost the entire length of the Sierra de los Cuchumatanes mountain range although there is a wide difference in altitude across the department from heights of 3 352 metres 10 997 ft above mean sea level to as low as 300 metres 980 ft above sea level encompassing an equally wide variation in local climate ranging from mountain peaks where the temperature sometimes falls below freezing to tropical lowland rainforest 7 The department possesses various rivers that flow into the Chixoy River also known as the Rio Negro which flows into the system of rivers forming the drainage basin of the Usumacinta River which empties into the Gulf of Mexico The most important tributaries of the Chixoy in Huehuetenango are the Hondo and Xecunabaj rivers which flow into the department from the neighbouring departments of El Quiche and Totonicapan 8 The Cuilco River enters the department from neighbouring San Marcos and crosses into the Mexican state of Chiapas where it joins with the Grijalva River which empties into the Gulf of Mexico Its most important tributaries in Huehuetenango are the Apal Choma and Coxton rivers 8 The Ixcan River has its source near Santa Cruz Barillas and flows northwards towards Mexico where it joins the Lacuntun River a tributary of the Usumacinta 9 The Nenton River is formed in the municipality of San Sebastian Coatan by the joining of the rivers Nupxuptenam and Jajaniguan It flows westwards across the border into Mexico where it empties into the Presa de la Angostura reservoir 10 The Selegua River has its source in the Sierra de los Cuchumatanes and flows northwards crossing the border into Chiapas where it joins the Cuilco River to form the Grijalva River to flow onwards to the Gulf of Mexico Its principal tributaries are the Pino Sibila Ocubila Naranjo Colorado Torlon Mapa and Chicol rivers 11 The largest body of standing water in the department is Laguna Yolnabaj in the extreme north close to the border with Mexico Smaller lakes include Laguna Maxbal Laguna Yolhuitz and Laguna Seca all in the northeast of the department 2 Population edit nbsp San Mateo Ixtatan In 2018 the department was recorded as having 1 170 669 inhabitants 1 Over 70 of the population are estimated to be living in poverty with 22 living in extreme poverty and are unable to meet basic necessities 12 The majority of the population variously estimated at 64 75 belongs to indigenous Maya groups with the remainder being Spanish speaking Ladinos The Ladinos tend to be concentrated in towns and villages including Huehuetenango Cuilco Chiantla Malacatancito La Libertad San Antonio Huista and La Democracia which have a relatively low indigenous population In the rest of the department the Maya groups make up the majority of the population as much in the towns as the countryside 13 Huehuetenango has the greatest number of Mam Maya in Guatemala although there are also Mam speakers in the departments of Quetzaltenango and San Marcos and in the Mexican state of Chiapas 14 In 2008 58 of the population of the department was aged 19 years or younger 15 History editEarly history edit nbsp The Maya ruins of Zaculeu near Huehuetenango cityThe area was occupied by the Maya civilization since at least the Mesoamerican Early Classic Period 16 At the time of the Spanish Conquest the Maya city of Zaculeu was the initial focus of Spanish attention in the region that would later become the department of Huehuetenango The city was defended by the Mam king Kayb il B alam in 1525 it was attacked by Gonzalo de Alvarado y Chavez cousin of Conquistador Pedro de Alvarado 17 After a siege lasting several months the Mam were reduced to starvation and Kayb il B alam finally surrendered the city to the Spanish 18 Four years after the Spanish conquest of Huehuetenango in 1529 San Mateo Ixtatan Santa Eulalia and Jacaltenango were given in encomienda to the conquistador Gonzalo de Ovalle a companion of Pedro de Alvarado 19 In 1684 a council led by Enrique Enriquez de Guzman then governor of Guatemala decided upon the reduction of San Mateo Ixtatan and nearby Santa Eulalia both within the colonial administrative district of the Corregimiento of Huehuetenango 20 On 2 February 1838 Huehuetenango joined with Quetzaltenango El Quiche Retalhuleu San Marcos and Totonicapan to form the short lived Central American state of Los Altos The state was crushed in 1840 by general Rafael Carrera Turcios at that time between periods in office as Guatemalan president 21 Huehuetenango includes pre Columbian Maya archaeological sites at Zaculeu Chalchitan Moja and San Mateo Ixtatan 22 Departmental history edit The department of Huehuetenango was created by the presidential decree of Vicente Cerna Sandoval on 8 May 1866 although various attempts had been made to declare the district a department from 1826 onwards in order to better administer it 23 By 1883 Huehuetenango had 248 coffee plantations and produced 7334 quintals Imperial hundredweight of coffee 24 In 1887 a rebellion in Huehuetenango was put down by president Manuel Lisandro Barillas who then suspended the constitutional guarantees of the department and redrafted its constitution 25 Economy and agriculture edit nbsp Huehuetenango has produced coffee since the 19th centuryDuring the 17th and 18th centuries namely during the Spanish Colonial period the main industries were mining and livestock production which was run by Spaniards In modern times agriculture is the most important industry although mining continues on a small scale and handicraft production also contributes to the local economy 26 Maize is cultivated across the whole department without being limited by local climatic differences The primary highland crops are wheat potatoes barley alfalfa and beans On the warmer lower slopes the primary crops are coffee sugarcane tobacco chili yuca achiote and a wide range of fruits 27 Although historically cattle and horse farming were important the size of production is much reduced in modern times with the rearing of sheep which is now more widespread Mines in Huehuetenango produce silver lead zinc and copper Gold was once mined in the department but it is no longer extracted 26 In 2000 the private mining company Minas de Guatemala S A was extracting antimony from underground mines near San Ildefonso Ixtahuacan 28 Local handicraft production mainly consists of weaving traditional Maya textiles mostly cotton but also wool depending on the local climate 26 In 2008 the most exported product was coffee 29 Municipalities editThe department of Huehuetenango includes 31 municipalities 30 Municipality 30 Ethnicity 30 Population Festival Altitude ExtentAguacatan Awakatek Chalchitek 45 506 31 moveable 32 1 670 metres 5 480 ft 32 300 square kilometres 120 sq mi 32 Chiantla Ladino Mam 73 927 31 28 January 2 February 33 2 000 metres 6 600 ft 33 536 square kilometres 207 sq mi 31 Colotenango Mam 25 091 34 15 August 31 1 590 metres 5 220 ft 35 71 square kilometres 27 sq mi 35 Concepcion Huista Jakaltek 18 378 34 6 8 December 36 2 220 metres 7 280 ft 37 136 square kilometres 53 sq mi 37 Cuilco Ladino 46 407 38 25 November 1 December 39 1 150 metres 3 770 ft 39 592 square kilometres 229 sq mi 39 Huehuetenango Ladino 102 294 31 16 July 31 1 901 metres 6 237 ft 40 204 square kilometres 79 sq mi 40 Jacaltenango Jakaltek 41 112 34 2 February 41 1 438 metres 4 718 ft 31 212 square kilometres 82 sq mi 31 La Democracia Ladino 48 430 42 2nd Friday of Lent 43 920 metres 3 020 ft 42 136 square kilometres 53 sq mi 42 La Libertad Ladino Mam 30 312 44 12 15 January 45 1 720 metres 5 640 ft 45 104 square kilometres 40 sq mi 45 Malacatancito Ladino K iche 46 19 177 34 26 July 47 1 709 metres 5 607 ft 47 68 square kilometres 26 sq mi 47 Nenton Chuj 38 820 15 January 48 780 metres 2 560 ft 49 787 square kilometres 304 sq mi 49 San Antonio Huista Ladino Jakaltek 13 756 50 8 12 December 50 1 230 metres 4 040 ft 51 256 square kilometres 99 sq mi 50 San Gaspar Ixchil Mam 7 000 52 4 6 January 52 1 400 metres 4 600 ft 52 34 9 square kilometres 13 5 sq mi 52 San Ildefonso Ixtahuacan Mam 30 466 53 20 25 January 53 1 580 metres 5 180 ft 53 184 square kilometres 71 sq mi 53 San Juan Atitan Mam 14 860 34 25 June 54 2 440 metres 8 010 ft 54 64 square kilometres 25 sq mi 54 San Juan Ixcoy Q anjob al 21 805 55 24 June 56 2 195 metres 7 201 ft 56 224 square kilometres 86 sq mi 55 San Mateo Ixtatan Chuj 29 823 57 21 September 58 2 540 metres 8 330 ft 59 560 square kilometres 220 sq mi 59 San Miguel Acatan Akateko 4 24 329 34 29 September 60 1 780 metres 5 840 ft 60 152 square kilometres 59 sq mi 60 San Pedro Necta Mam 31 112 34 5th Friday of Lent 61 1 520 metres 4 990 ft 61 119 square kilometres 46 sq mi 61 San Pedro Soloma Q anjob al 37 499 62 28 June 63 2 270 metres 7 450 ft 63 140 square kilometres 54 sq mi 63 San Rafael La Independencia Akateko 64 11 638 34 24 October 65 2 377 metres 7 799 ft 65 64 square kilometres 25 sq mi 65 San Rafael Petzal Mam 11 638 34 24 October 66 1 739 metres 5 705 ft 66 38 square kilometres 15 sq mi 66 San Sebastian Coatan Chuj 22 316 34 20 January 67 2 350 metres 7 710 ft 67 108 square kilometres 42 sq mi 67 San Sebastian Huehuetenango Mam 26 397 34 20 January 68 1 715 metres 5 627 ft 68 108 square kilometres 42 sq mi 68 Santa Ana Huista Jakaltek 8 583 26 July 69 740 metres 2 430 ft 69 145 square kilometres 56 sq mi 69 Santa Barbara Mam 16 665 34 4 December 31 2 430 metres 7 970 ft 70 448 square kilometres 173 sq mi 70 Santa Cruz Barillas Q anjob al 61 139 71 3 May 72 1 450 metres 4 760 ft 72 1 112 square kilometres 429 sq mi 31 Santa Eulalia Q anjob al 36 175 73 12 February 73 2 580 metres 8 460 ft 74 292 square kilometres 113 sq mi 74 Santiago Chimaltenango Mam 6 769 34 25 July 75 2 260 metres 7 410 ft 75 39 square kilometres 15 sq mi 76 Tectitan Mam 9 436 77 22 July 78 2 210 metres 7 250 ft 78 68 square kilometres 26 sq mi 78 Todos Santos Cuchumatan Mam 32 048 34 1 November 31 2 470 metres 8 100 ft 31 300 square kilometres 120 sq mi 79 People of note editFormer president of Guatemala Efrain Rios Montt was born in Huehuetenango city on 16 June 1926 80 Tourism edit nbsp The image of Nuestra Senora de ChiantlaThe main tourist attractions in the department include the source of the San Juan River and the restored Maya ruins of Zaculeu 81 The town of Chiantla is a centre for religious tourism with the Catholic Church being a pilgrimage destination due to its image of the Virgin of Candelaria known locally as Nuestra Senora de Chiantla Our Lady of Chiantla 82 Notes edit a b Citypopulation de Population of departments in Guatemala a b ITMB 2005 Departamentos de Guatemala Huehuetenango Servicio de Informacion Municipal SIM Retrieved 5 June 2008 Rouanet et al 1992 pp 4 5 Rodriguez L p v Diaz Camposeco et al 2008 pp 17 19 a b Akateko at Ethnologue Rouanet et al 1992 p 2 Rouanet et al 1992 p 1 Rouanet et al 1992 pp 5 6 a b Rouanet et al 1992 p 6 ITMB 2005 Rouanet et al 1992 p 7 ITMB 2005 Rouanet et al 1992 pp 6 7 ITMB 2005 GeoCenter Rouanet et al 1992 pp 6 7 ITMB 2005 Diaz Camposeco et al 2008 p 13 Rouanet et al 1992 p 3 Hernandez amp Gonzalez 2004 Rouanet et al 1992 p 4 Quintana Hernandez amp Rosales 2006 p 5 Diaz Camposeco et al 2008 p 14 Arroyo 2001 p 42 Polo Sifontes undated Recinos 1986 p 110 San Mateo Ixtatan at Inforpressca Archived 2011 06 07 at the Wayback Machine in Spanish MINEDUC 2001 pp 14 15 Pons Saez 1997 pp 149 150 Gaitan 2004 pp 37 38 Rouanet et al 1992 pp 5 7 15 MINEDUC 2001 p 12 Rouanet et al 1992 pp 2 3 Wagner 2001 p 108 Gaitan 2004 p 62 a b c Rouanet et al 1992 p 8 Rouanet et al 1992 pp 8 10 Velasco pp 6 3 Table 2 Diaz Camposeco 2008 p 49 a b c Rouanet et al 1992 pp 1 5 a b c d e f g h i j k l Hernandez amp Gonzalez 2004 a b c 40 days after Holy Week Aguacatan at Inforpessca Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish a b Chiantla at Inforpessca Archived 2005 04 03 at the Wayback Machine Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Estimated figure Diaz Camposeco et al 2008 p 16 a b Colotenango at Inforpessca Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish Municipalidad de Concepcion Husta Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish a b Municipalidad de Concepcion Husta Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish Cuilco at Inforpessca Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish a b c Cuilca at Inforpessca Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish a b Municipalidad de Huehutenango Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish Municipalidad de Jacaltenango Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish a b c La Democracia at Inforpessca Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish La Democracia at Inforpessca Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish La Libertad at Inforpessca Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish a b c La Libertad at Inforpessca Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish Tarax Herrera et al 2005 a b c Municipalidad de Malacatancito Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish Municipalidad de Nenton Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish a b Municipalidad de Nenton Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish a b c San Antonio Huista at Inforpressca Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish Municipalidad de San Antonio Huista permanent dead link Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish a b c d San Gaspar Ixchil at Inforpressca Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish a b c d San Ildefonso Ixtahuacan at Inforpressca Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish a b c Municipalidad de San Juan Atitan Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish a b San Juan Ixcoy at Inforpessca Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish a b Municipalidad de San Juan Ixcoy Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish San Mateo Ixtatan at Inforpressca Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish Municipalidad de San Mateo Ixtatan Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish a b Municipalidad de San Mateo Ixtatan Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish a b c Municipalidad de San Miguel Acatan Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish a b c Municipalidad de San Pedro Nectar Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish San Pedro Soloma at Inforpressca Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish a b c Municipalidad de San Pedro Soloma Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish Languages of Guatemala and Belize at larutamayaonline com Access date 2011 07 17 a b c Municipalidad de San Rafael La Independencia Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish a b c Municipalidad de San Rafael Petzal Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish a b c Municipalidad de San Sebastian Coatan Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish a b c Municipalidad de San Sebastian Huehuetenango Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish a b c Municipalidad de Santa Ana Huista Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish a b Municipalidad de Santa Barara Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish Santa Cruz Barillas at Inforpressca Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish a b Municipalidad de Santa Cruz Barillas Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish a b Santa Eulalia at Inforpressca Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish a b Municipalidad de Santa Eulalia Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish a b Municipalidad de Santiago Chimaltenango Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish SEGEPLAN USIGHUE 2002 p 7 Tectitan at Inforpressca Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish a b c Municipalidad de Tectitan Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish Municipalidad de Todos Santos Cuchumatan Access date 2010 02 07 in Spanish Gaitan 2004 p 149 Rouanet et al pp 7 17 Rouanet et al pp 10 11 References editArroyo Barbara July August 2001 El Posclasico Tardio en los Altos de Guatemala Arqueologia Mexicana in Spanish Mexico Editorial Raices IX 50 38 43 ISSN 0188 8218 OCLC 29789840 Diaz Camposeco Manrique Megan Thomas Wolfgang Krenmayr 2008 Huehuetenango en Cifras PDF in Spanish Huehuetenango Guatemala Centro de Estudios y Documentacion de la Frontera Occidental de Guatemala CEDFOG Archived from the original PDF on 2011 07 27 Retrieved 2010 02 09 Gaitan A Hector c 2004 Los Presidentes de Guatemala Historia y Anecdotas in Spanish Guatemala City Artemis amp Edinter ISBN 84 89452 25 3 OCLC 49591587 Hernandez Gonzalo Gonzalez Miguel 2004 Huehuetenango Enclavado en la Sierra de los Cuchumatanes PDF in Spanish Guatemala Prensa Libre Archived from the original PDF on 2011 07 15 Retrieved 2010 02 06 Guatemala Map 5th ed 1 470000 International Travel Maps ITMB Publishing 2005 ISBN 1 55341 230 3 MINEDUC 2001 Eleuterio Cahuec del Valle ed Historia y Memorias de la Comunidad Etnica Chuj PDF in Spanish Vol II Version escolar ed Guatemala Universidad Rafael Landivar UNICEF FODIGUA Archived from the original PDF on 2009 08 24 Retrieved 2010 02 06 Polo Sifontes Francis Zaculeu Ciudadela Prehispanica Fortificada in Spanish Guatemala IDAEH Instituto de Antropologia e Historia de Guatemala Pons Saez Nuria 1997 La Conquista del Lacandon in Spanish Mexico Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico ISBN 968 36 6150 5 OCLC 40857165 Quintana Hernandez Francisca Cecilio Luis Rosales 2006 Mames de Chiapas Pueblos indigenas del Mexico contemporaneo in Spanish Mexico Comision Nacional para el Desarrollo de los Pueblos Indigenas CDI ISBN 970 753 047 2 OCLC 254999882 Recinos Adrian 1986 Pedro de Alvarado Conquistador de Mexico y Guatemala in Spanish 2nd ed Guatemala CENALTEX Centro Nacional de Libros de Texto y Material Didactico Jose de Pineda Ibarra OCLC 243309954 Rodriguez L Carlos Antonio La Determinacion Estadistica de los Grupos Etnicos el Indigenisma la Situacion de la Pobreza y la Exlusion Social Los Censos Integrados del 2002 y la inclusion social de los grupos etnicos Perfil nacional del desarrollo sociodemografico PDF in Spanish Retrieved 2010 02 07 Rodriguez Rouanet Francisco Fernando Seijas Gerardo Townson Rincon 1992 Huehuetenango Monografias de Guatemala 2 in Spanish Guatemala Banco Granai amp Townson OCLC 31405975 SEGEPLAN USIGHUE September 2002 Caracterizacion del Municipio de Santiago Chimaltenango del Departamento de Huehuetenango PDF in Spanish Huehuetenango Guatemala Secretaria Planificacion y Programacion Unidad de Sistema de Informacion Geografica de huehuetenango SEGEPLAN USIGHUE Retrieved 2010 12 30 Tarax Herrera Napoleon Eulalio Argueta Calel Victor Manuel Larios Velasquez September 2005 Mitos Cuentos y Leyendas Maya K iche en Malacatancito Tzijonem B anob al Rech Kik aslemal Ri K iche ab Pa Ri Komon Malacatancito Ri K o Nab ajul PDF Huehuetenango Guatemala helvetas Guatemala Centro de Estudios y Documentacion de la Frontera Occidental de Guatemala CEDFOG Archived from the original PDF on 2010 02 15 Retrieved 2010 02 08 in Spanish and K iche Velasco Pablo The Mineral Industries of Central America Belize Costa Rica El Salvador Guatemala Honduras Nicaragua and Panama PDF U S Dept of the Interior Bureau of Mines OCLC 21384999 Retrieved 2010 02 09 Wagner Regina 2001 Historia del Cafe de Guatemala in Spanish Bogota Colombia Benjamin Villegas amp Asociados ISBN 958 96982 8 X OCLC 50391255 External links editInformacion y Noticias de Huehuetenango in Spanish Interactive department map in Spanish Estrategia de reduccion de la pobreza Huehuetenango permanent dead link in Spanish Huehuetenango General Information Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Huehuetenango Department amp oldid 1152611080, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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