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Wikipedia

Microsoft Bing

January 13, 2023

"Live Search" and "Live search" redirect here. For other uses, see Incremental search.

Microsoft Bing (commonly known as Bing) is a web search engine owned and operated by Microsoft. The service has its origins in Microsoft's previous search engines: MSN Search, Windows Live Search and later Live Search. Bing provides a variety of search services, including web, video, image and map search products. It is developed using ASP.NET.

Microsoft Bing
Main logo since October 2020
Screenshot
The Bing homepage features an image or video that changes daily
Type of site
Search engine
Available in40 languages
OwnerMicrosoft
Created byMicrosoft
RevenueMicrosoft Advertising
URLbing.com
CommercialYes
RegistrationOptional (Microsoft account)
LaunchedJune 3, 2009; 13 years ago (2009-06-03)
Current statusActive
Written inASP.NET[1]

Bing, Microsoft's replacement for Live Search, was unveiled by Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer on May 28, 2009, at the All Things Digital conference in San Diego, California, for release on June 3, 2009.[2] Notable new features at the time included the listing of search suggestions while queries are entered and a list of related searches (called "Explore pane") based on semantic technology from Powerset,[3] which Microsoft had acquired in 2008.[4]

In July 2009, Microsoft and Yahoo! announced a deal in which Bing would power Yahoo! Search.[5] Yahoo! finished the transition in 2012.[6]

In October 2011, Microsoft stated that they were working on new back-end search infrastructure with the goal of delivering faster and slightly more relevant search results for users. Known as "Tiger", the new index-serving technology had been incorporated into Bing globally since August that year.[7] In May 2012, Microsoft announced another redesign of its search engine that includes "Sidebar", a social feature that searches users' social networks for information relevant to the search query.[8]

The BitFunnel search engine indexing algorithm and various components of the search engine were made open source by Microsoft in 2016.[9][10]

As of October 2018, (Microsoft) Bing is the third largest search engine globally, with a query volume of 4.58%, behind Google (77%) and Baidu (14.45%). Yahoo! Search, which Bing largely powers, has 2.63%.[11][12]

History

MSN Search

 
MSN Search homepage in 2002
 
Wikinews has related news:
  • New Beta Version of MSN Search Service from Microsoft released
 
MSN Search homepage in 2006

Microsoft originally launched MSN Search in the third quarter of 1998, using search results from Inktomi. It consisted of a search engine, index, and web crawler. In early 1999, MSN Search launched a version which displayed listings from Looksmart blended with results from Inktomi except for a short time in 1999 when results from AltaVista were used instead. Microsoft decided to make a large investment in web search by building its own web crawler for MSN Search, the index of which was updated weekly and sometimes daily. The upgrade started as a beta program in November 2004, and came out of beta in February 2005.[13] This occurred a year after rival Yahoo! Search rolled out its own crawler too. Image search was powered by a third party, Picsearch. The service also started providing its search results to other search engine portals in an effort to better compete in the market.

Windows Live Search

 
Windows Live Search homepage

The first public beta of Windows Live Search was unveiled on March 8, 2006, with the final release on September 11, 2006 replacing MSN Search. The new search engine used search tabs that include Web, news, images, music, desktop, local, and Microsoft Encarta.

In the roll-over from MSN Search to Windows Live Search, Microsoft stopped using Picsearch as their image search provider and started performing their own image search, fueled by their own internal image search algorithms.[14]

Live Search

 
Live Search homepage, which would help to create the Bing homepage later on

On March 21, 2007, Microsoft announced that it would separate its search developments from the Windows Live services family, rebranding the service as Live Search. Live Search was integrated into the Live Search and Ad Platform headed by Satya Nadella, part of Microsoft's Platform and Systems division. As part of this change, Live Search was merged with Microsoft adCenter.[15]

A series of reorganizations and consolidations of Microsoft's search offerings were made under the Live Search branding. On May 23, 2008, Microsoft announced the discontinuation of Live Search Books and Live Search Academic and integrated all academic and book search results into regular search, and as a result this also included the closure of Live Search Books Publisher Program. Soon after, Windows Live Expo was discontinued on July 31, 2008. Live Search Macros, a service for users to create their own custom search engines or use macros created by other users, was also discontinued shortly after. On May 15, 2009, Live Product Upload, a service which allowed merchants to upload products information onto Live Search Products, was discontinued. The final reorganization came as Live Search QnA which was rebranded as MSN QnA on February 18, 2009, although it was discontinued on May 21, 2009.[16]

Rebrand as Bing

 
First Bing logo, used until September 2013
 
Second Bing logo, used from 2013 until 2016
 
Third Bing logo, used from 2016 until 2020

Microsoft recognized that there would be a problem with branding as long as the word "Live" remained in the name.[17] As an effort to create a new identity for Microsoft's search services, Live Search was officially replaced by Bing on June 3, 2009.[18]

The Bing name was chosen through focus groups, and Microsoft decided that the name was memorable, short, and easy to spell, and that it would function well as a URL around the world. The word would remind people of the sound made during "the moment of discovery and decision making".[19] Microsoft was assisted by branding consultancy Interbrand in their search for the best name for the new search engine.[20] The name also has strong similarity to the word bingo, which is used to mean that something sought has been found or realized, as is interjected when winning the game Bingo. Microsoft advertising strategist David Webster originally proposed the name "Bang" for the same reasons the name Bing was ultimately chosen (easy to spell, one syllable, and easy to remember). He noted, "It's there, it's an exclamation point [...] It's the opposite of a question mark." This name was ultimately not chosen because it could not be properly used as a verb in the context of an internet search; Webster commented "Oh, 'I banged it' is very different than 'I binged it'".[21]

Qi Lu, president of Microsoft Online Services, also announced that Bing's official Chinese name is bì yìng (simplified Chinese: 必应; traditional Chinese: 必應), which literally means "very certain to respond" or "very certain to answer" in Chinese.[22]

While being tested internally by Microsoft employees, Bing's codename was Kumo (くも),[23] which came from the Japanese word for spider (蜘蛛; くも, kumo) as well as cloud (雲; くも, kumo), referring to the manner in which search engines "spider" Internet resources to add them to their database, as well as cloud computing.

Legal challenges

On July 31, 2009, The Laptop Company, Inc. stated in a press release that it would challenge Bing's trademark application, alleging that Bing may cause confusion in the marketplace as Bing and their product BongoBing both do online product search.[24] Software company TeraByte Unlimited, which has a product called BootIt Next Generation (abbreviated to BING), also contended the trademark application on similar grounds, as did a Missouri-based design company called Bing! Information Design.[25]

Microsoft contended that claims challenging its trademark were without merit because these companies filed for U.S. federal trademark applications only after Microsoft filed for the Bing trademark in March 2009.[26]

Deal with Yahoo!

On July 29, 2009, Microsoft and Yahoo! announced that they had made a ten-year deal in which the Yahoo! search engine would be replaced by Bing, retaining the Yahoo! user interface. Yahoo! got to keep 88% of the revenue from all search ad sales on its site for the first five years of the deal, and have the right to sell advertising on some Microsoft sites.[27][28] All Yahoo! Search global customers and partners made the transition by early 2012.[6]

Features

Third-party integration

Facebook users have the option to share their searches with their Facebook friends using Facebook Connect.[29]

On June 10, 2013, Apple announced that it would be dropping Google as its web search engine in favor of Bing.[30] This feature is only integrated with iOS 7 and higher and for users with an iPhone 4S or higher as the feature is only integrated with Siri, Apple's personal assistant.

Integration with Windows 8.1

Windows 8.1 includes Bing "Smart Search" integration, which processes all queries submitted through the Windows Start Screen.[31]

Translator

Bing Translator is a user facing translation portal provided by Microsoft to translate texts or entire web pages into different languages. All translation pairs are powered by the Microsoft Translator, a statistical machine translation platform and web service, developed by Microsoft Research, as its backend translation software. Two transliteration pairs (between Chinese (Simplified) and Chinese (Traditional)) are provided by Microsoft's Windows International team.[32] As of September 2020, Bing Translator offers translations in 70 different language systems.[33]

Knowledge and Action Graph

In 2015 Microsoft announced its knowledge and action API to correspond with Google's Knowledge graph with 1 billion instances and 20 billion related facts.[34]

Bing Predicts

The idea for a prediction engine was first suggested by Walter Sun, Development Manager for the Core Ranking team at Bing, when he noticed that school districts were more frequently searched before a major weather event in the area was forecasted, because searchers wanted to find out if a closing or delay was caused. He concluded that the time and location of major weather events could accurately be predicted without referring to a weather forecast by observing major increases in search frequency of school districts in the area. This inspired Bing to use its search data to infer outcomes of certain events, such as winners of reality shows.[35] Bing Predicts launched on April 21, 2014. The first reality shows to be featured on Bing Predicts were The Voice, American Idol, and Dancing with the Stars.[36]

The prediction accuracy for Bing Predicts is 80% for American Idol, and 85% for The Voice. Bing Predicts also predicts the outcomes of major political elections in the United States. Bing Predicts had 97% accuracy for the 2014 United States Senate elections, 96% accuracy for the 2014 United States House of Representatives elections, and an 89% accuracy for the 2014 United States gubernatorial elections. Bing Predicts also made predictions for the results of the 2016 United States presidential primaries.[37] It has also done predictions in sports, including a perfect 15 for 15 in the 2014 World Cup,[38] leading to positive press such as a Business Insider story on its successes[39] and a PC World article on how Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella did well in his March Madness bracket entry.[40]

In 2016, Bing Predicts failed to accurately predict the winner of the 2016 US presidential election, suggesting that Hillary Clinton would win by 81%.

International

Bing is available in many languages and has been localized for many countries.[41] Even if the language of the search and of the results are the same, Bing delivers substantially different results for different parts of the world.[42]

Webmaster services

Bing allows webmasters to manage the web crawling status of their own websites through Bing Webmaster Center. Users may also submit contents to Bing via the Bing Local Listing Center, which allows businesses to add business listings onto Bing Maps and Bing Local.

Mobile services

Bing Mobile allows users to conduct search queries on their mobile devices, either via the mobile browser or a downloadable mobile application.

Bing News

Bing News (previously Live Search News)[43] is a news aggregator powered by artificial intelligence.[44]

In August 2015 Microsoft announced that Bing News for mobile devices added algorithmic-deduced "smart labels" that essentially act as topic tags, allowing users to click through and explore possible relationships between different news stories. The feature emerged as a result from Microsoft research that found out about 60% of the people consume news by only reading headlines, rather than read the articles.[45] Other labels that have been deployed since then include publisher logos[46] and fact-check tags.

Software

Toolbars

The Bing Bar, a browser extension toolbar that replaced the MSN Toolbar, provides users with links to Bing and MSN content from within their web browser without needing to navigate away from a web page they are already on. The user can customize the theme and color scheme of the Bing Bar as well as choose which MSN content buttons to present within the user interface. Bing Bar also displays the current local weather forecast and stock market positions.[47]

The Bing Bar features integration with Microsoft Bing search engine. In addition to the traditional web search functions, Bing Bar also allows search on other Bing services such as Images, Video, News and Maps. When users perform a search on another search engine, the Bing Bar's search box will automatically populate itself, allowing the user to view the results from Bing, should it be desired.

Bing Bar also links to Outlook.com, Skype and Facebook.[48]

Desktop

 
Bing Desktop 1.3.475.0

Microsoft released a beta version of Bing Desktop, a program developed to allow users to search Bing from the desktop, on April 4, 2012.[49] The initial release followed shortly on April 24, 2012, supporting Windows 7 only.[50] With the release of version 1.1 in December 2012 it supported Windows XP and higher.[51]

Bing Desktop allows users to initiate a web search from the desktop, view news headlines, automatically set their background to the Bing homepage image, or choose a background from the previous nine background images.[52]

 
The discontinued Live Search versions of the Windows Sidebar gadgets

A similar program, the Bing Search gadget, was a Windows Sidebar Gadget that used Bing to fetch the user's search results and render them directly in the gadget. Another gadget, the Bing Maps gadget, displayed real-time traffic conditions using Bing Maps.[53] The gadget provided shortcuts to driving directions, local search and full-screen traffic view of major US and Canadian cities, including Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Denver, Detroit, Houston, Los Angeles, Milwaukee, Montreal, New York City, Oklahoma City, Ottawa, Philadelphia, Phoenix, Pittsburgh, Portland, Providence, Sacramento, Salt Lake City, San Diego, San Francisco, Seattle, St. Louis, Tampa, Toronto, Vancouver, and Washington, D.C.

Prior to October 30, 2007, the gadgets were known as Live Search gadget and Live Search Maps gadget; both gadgets were removed from Windows Live Gallery due to possible security concerns.[54] The Live Search Maps gadget was made available for download again on January 24, 2008 with the security concern addressed.[55] However around the introduction of Bing in June 2009 both gadgets have been removed again for download from Windows Live Gallery.

Market share

Before the launch of Bing, the market share of Microsoft web search pages (MSN and Live search) had been small. By January 2011, Experian Hitwise show that Bing's market share had increased to 12.8% at the expense of Yahoo! and Google. In the same period, comScore's "2010 U.S. Digital Year in Review" report showed that "Bing was the big gainer in year-over-year search activity, picking up 29% more searches in 2010 than it did in 2009".[56] The Wall Street Journal notes the 1% jump in share "appeared to come at the expense of rival Google Inc".[57] In February 2011, Bing beat Yahoo! for the first time with 4.37% search share while Yahoo! received 3.93%.[58]

Counting core searches only, i.e., those where the user has an intent to interact with the search result, Bing had a market share of 14.54% in the second quarter of 2011 in the United States.[29][59][60][61]

The combined "Bing Powered" U.S. searches declined from 26.5% in 2011 to 25.9% in April 2012.[62] By November 2015, its market share had declined further to 20.9%.[63] As of October 2018, Bing is the third largest search engine in the US, with a query volume of 4.58%, behind Google (77%) and Baidu (14.45%). Yahoo! Search, which Bing largely powers, has 2.63%.

UK advertising agencies point to a study by Microsoft's Regional Sales Director suggesting the demographic of Bing users is older people (who are less likely to change the default browser of Windows), and that this audience is wealthier and more likely to respond to advertisements.[64]

To counter EU accusations that it is trying to establish a market monopoly, in September 2021, Google's lawyers claimed that one of the most commonly searched words on Microsoft Bing was Google, which is a strong indication that Google is superior to Bing.[65][66]

Powered by

In July 2009, Microsoft and Yahoo announced a deal in which Bing would power Yahoo! Search.[5] All Yahoo! Search global customers and partners made the transition by early 2012.[6] The deal was altered in 2015, meaning Yahoo! was only required to use Bing for a "majority" of searches.[11]

DuckDuckGo uses multiple sources for its search engine, including Bing, since 2010.[67][68][69]

Ecosia uses Bing to provide its search results since 2017.[70]

Marketing and advertisements

Live Search

Since 2006, Microsoft had conducted a number of tie-ins and promotions for promoting Microsoft's search offerings. These include:

  • Amazon's A9 search service and the experimental Ms. Dewey interactive search site syndicated all search results from Microsoft's then search engine, Live Search. This tie-in started on May 1, 2006.
  • Search and Give – a promotional website launched on January 17, 2007 where all searches done from a special portal site would lead to a donation to the UNHCR's organization for refugee children, ninemillion.org. Reuters AlertNet reported in 2007 that the amount to be donated would be $0.01 per search, with a minimum of $100,000 and a maximum of $250,000 (equivalent to 25 million searches).[71] According to the website the service was decommissioned on June 1, 2009, having donated over $500,000 to charity and schools.[72]
  • Club Bing – a promotional website where users can win prizes by playing word games that generate search queries on Microsoft's then search service Live Search. This website began in April 2007 as Live Search Club.
  • Big Snap Search – a promotional website similar to Live Search Club. This website began in February 2008, but was discontinued shortly after.[73]
  • Live Search SearchPerks! - a promotional website which allowed users to redeem tickets for prizes while using Microsoft's search engine. This website began on October 1, 2008 and was decommissioned on April 15, 2009.

Debut

Bing's debut featured an $80 to $100 million online, TV, print, and radio advertising campaign in the US. The advertisements do not mention other search engine competitors, such as Google and Yahoo!, directly by name; rather, they attempt to convince users to switch to Bing by focusing on Bing's search features and functionality.[74] The ads claim that Bing does a better job countering "search overload".[75]

"Decision engine"

Bing has been heavily advertised as a "decision engine",[76] though thought by columnist David Berkowitz to be more closely related to a web portal.[77]

Bing Rewards

Bing Rewards was a loyalty program launched by Microsoft in September 2010. It was similar to two earlier services, SearchPerks! and Bing Cashback, which were subsequently discontinued.

Bing Rewards provided credits to users through regular Bing searches and special promotions.[78] These credits were then redeemed for various products including electronics, gift cards, sweepstakes, and charitable donations.[79] Initially, participants were required to download and use the Bing Bar for Internet Explorer in order to earn credits; but later the service was made to work with all desktop browsers.[80]

The Bing Rewards program was rebranded as "Microsoft Rewards" in 2016,[81] at which point it was modified to only two levels, Level 1 and Level 2. Level 1 is similar to "Member", and Level 2 is similar to "Gold" of the previous Bing Rewards.

The Colbert Report

During the episode of The Colbert Report that aired on June 8, 2010, Stephen Colbert stated that Microsoft would donate $2,500 to help clean up the Gulf oil spill each time he mentioned the word "Bing" on air. Colbert mostly mentioned Bing in out-of-context situations, such as Bing Crosby and Bing cherries. By the end of the show, Colbert had said the word 40 times, for a total donation of $100,000. Colbert poked fun at their rivalry with Google, stating "Bing is a great website for doing Internet searches. I know that, because I Googled it."[82][83]

Search deals

Bing was added into the list of search engines available in Opera browser from v10.6, but Google remained the default search engine.[84] Mozilla Firefox made a deal with Microsoft to jointly release "Firefox with Bing",[85] an edition of Firefox where Bing has replaced Google as the default search engine.[86][87] The standard edition of Firefox has Google as its default search engine, but has included Bing in its list of search providers since Firefox version 4.0.[88]

In addition, Microsoft paid Verizon Wireless US$550 million[89] to use Bing as the default search provider on Verizon's BlackBerry and have Verizon "turn off" (via BlackBerry service books) the other search providers available. Users could still access other search engines via the mobile browser.[90]

Bing It On

In 2012, a Bing marketing campaign asked the public which search engine they believed was better when its results were presented without branding, similar to the Pepsi Challenge in the 1970s.[91][92] This poll was nicknamed "Bing It On".[93][94] Microsoft presented a study of almost 1,000 people[95] which showed that 57% of participants in such a test preferred Bing's results, with only 30% preferring Google.[96]

Adult content

Bing censors results for "adult" search terms for some regions, including India, People's Republic of China, Germany and Arab countries[97] where required by local laws.[98] However, Bing allows users to change their country or region preference to somewhere without restrictions, such as the United States, United Kingdom or Republic of Ireland.

 
Notice reading "Your country or region requires a strict Bing SafeSearch setting, which filters out results that might return adult content. If you're seeing adult content, tell us about it so we can filter it in the future. To learn more about SafeSearch requirements in your country or region, see How Bing delivers search results."

Criticism

Censorship

See also: Internet censorship in China and Overseas censorship of Chinese issues

Microsoft has been criticized for censoring Bing search results to queries made in simplified Chinese characters which are used in mainland China. This is done to comply with the censorship requirements of the government in China.[99] Microsoft has not indicated a willingness to stop censoring search results in simplified Chinese characters in the wake of Google's decision to do so.[100] All simplified Chinese searches in Bing are censored regardless of the user's country.[101][102] The English-language search results of Bing in China has been skewed to show more content from state-run media like Xinhua News Agency and China Daily.[103] On 23 January 2019, Bing was blocked in China.[104] According to a source quoted by The Financial Times, the order was from the Chinese government to block Bing for "illegal content".[105] On 24 January, Bing was accessible again in China.[106]

Around 4 June 2021, the anniversary of the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre, Bing blocked image and video search results for the English term "Tank Man" in the US, UK, France, Germany, Singapore, Switzerland, and other countries. Microsoft responded that "This is due to an accidental human error".[107][108]

In December 2021, it was required by a "relevant government agency" to suspend its auto-suggest function in China for 30 days.[109] The search engine became partially unavailable in mainland China from 16 December until its resumption on 18 December 2021.[110][111] According to the company, a government agency in March 2022 required that it suspend auto-suggest function in China for seven days; Bing did not specify the reason.[112] In May 2022, a report released by the Citizen Lab of the University of Toronto found that Bing's autosuggestion system censored the names of Chinese Communist Party leaders, dissidents, and other persons considered politically sensitive in China in both Chinese and English, not only in China but also in United States and Canada.[113][114]

Copyright-infringing content

On February 20, 2017, Bing agreed to a voluntary United Kingdom code of practice obligating it to demote links to copyright-infringing content in its search results.[115][116]

Performance issues

Bing has been criticized for being slower to index websites than Google. It has also been criticized for not indexing some websites at all.[117][118]

Allegedly copying Google's results

Bing has been criticized by competitor Google for utilizing user input via Internet Explorer, the Bing Toolbar, or Suggested Sites, to add results to Bing. After discovering in October 2010 that Bing appeared to be imitating Google's auto-correct results for a misspelling, despite not actually fixing the spelling of the term, Google set up a honeypot, configuring the Google search engine to return specific unrelated results for 100 nonsensical queries such as hiybbprqag.[119] Over the next couple of weeks, Google engineers entered the search term into Google, while using Microsoft Internet Explorer, with the Bing Toolbar installed and the optional Suggested Sites enabled. In 9 out of the 100 queries, Bing later started returning the same results as Google, despite the only apparent connection between the result and search term being that Google's results connected the two.[120][121]

Microsoft's response to this issue, coming from a company spokesperson, was: "We do not copy Google's results." Bing's Vice President, Harry Shum, later reiterated that the search result data Google claimed that Bing copied had in fact come from Bing's very own users. Shum wrote that "we use over 1,000 different signals and features in our ranking algorithm. A small piece of that is clickstream data we get from some of our customers, who opt into sharing anonymous data as they navigate the web in order to help us improve the experience for all users." [122] Microsoft stated that Bing was not intended to be a duplicate of any existing search engines.[123]

Child pornography

A study released in 2019 of Bing Image search showed that it both freely offered up images that had been tagged as illegal child pornography in national databases, as well as automatically suggesting via its auto-completion feature queries related to child pornography. This easy accessibility was considered particularly surprising since Microsoft pioneered PhotoDNA, the main technology used for tracking images reported as originating from child pornography.[124] Additionally, some arrested child pornographers reported using Bing as their main search engine for new content.[125] Microsoft vowed to fix the problem and assign additional staff to combat the issue after the report was released.

Privacy

France imposed the highest fine of 2022 to Microsoft for 60 Million Euros for privacy law violations using Bing cookies that prevented users rejecting those cookies.[126][127][128]

See also

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Further reading

  • . Microsoft. Archived from the original on May 18, 2012. Retrieved May 17, 2012.

External links

 
Wikiquote has quotations related to Microsoft Bing.

  Media related to Bing at Wikimedia Commons

  • Official website  

January 13, 2023
microsoft, bing, live, search, live, search, redirect, here, other, uses, incremental, search, commonly, known, bing, search, engine, owned, operated, microsoft, service, origins, microsoft, previous, search, engines, search, windows, live, search, later, live. Live Search and Live search redirect here For other uses see Incremental search Microsoft Bing commonly known as Bing is a web search engine owned and operated by Microsoft The service has its origins in Microsoft s previous search engines MSN Search Windows Live Search and later Live Search Bing provides a variety of search services including web video image and map search products It is developed using ASP NET Microsoft BingMain logo since October 2020ScreenshotThe Bing homepage features an image or video that changes dailyType of siteSearch engineAvailable in40 languagesOwnerMicrosoftCreated byMicrosoftRevenueMicrosoft AdvertisingURLbing comCommercialYesRegistrationOptional Microsoft account LaunchedJune 3 2009 13 years ago 2009 06 03 Current statusActiveWritten inASP NET 1 Bing Microsoft s replacement for Live Search was unveiled by Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer on May 28 2009 at the All Things Digital conference in San Diego California for release on June 3 2009 2 Notable new features at the time included the listing of search suggestions while queries are entered and a list of related searches called Explore pane based on semantic technology from Powerset 3 which Microsoft had acquired in 2008 4 In July 2009 Microsoft and Yahoo announced a deal in which Bing would power Yahoo Search 5 Yahoo finished the transition in 2012 6 In October 2011 Microsoft stated that they were working on new back end search infrastructure with the goal of delivering faster and slightly more relevant search results for users Known as Tiger the new index serving technology had been incorporated into Bing globally since August that year 7 In May 2012 Microsoft announced another redesign of its search engine that includes Sidebar a social feature that searches users social networks for information relevant to the search query 8 The BitFunnel search engine indexing algorithm and various components of the search engine were made open source by Microsoft in 2016 9 10 As of October 2018 update Microsoft Bing is the third largest search engine globally with a query volume of 4 58 behind Google 77 and Baidu 14 45 Yahoo Search which Bing largely powers has 2 63 11 12 Contents 1 History 1 1 MSN Search 1 2 Windows Live Search 1 3 Live Search 1 4 Rebrand as Bing 1 4 1 Legal challenges 1 4 2 Deal with Yahoo 2 Features 2 1 Third party integration 2 2 Integration with Windows 8 1 2 3 Translator 2 4 Knowledge and Action Graph 2 5 Bing Predicts 3 International 3 1 Webmaster services 3 2 Mobile services 3 3 Bing News 4 Software 4 1 Toolbars 4 2 Desktop 5 Market share 5 1 Powered by 6 Marketing and advertisements 6 1 Live Search 6 2 Debut 6 3 Decision engine 6 4 Bing Rewards 6 5 The Colbert Report 6 6 Search deals 6 7 Bing It On 7 Adult content 8 Criticism 8 1 Censorship 8 2 Copyright infringing content 8 3 Performance issues 8 4 Allegedly copying Google s results 8 5 Child pornography 8 6 Privacy 9 See also 10 References 11 Further reading 12 External linksHistoryMSN Search MSN Search homepage in 2002 Wikinews has related news New Beta Version of MSN Search Service from Microsoft released MSN Search homepage in 2006 Microsoft originally launched MSN Search in the third quarter of 1998 using search results from Inktomi It consisted of a search engine index and web crawler In early 1999 MSN Search launched a version which displayed listings from Looksmart blended with results from Inktomi except for a short time in 1999 when results from AltaVista were used instead Microsoft decided to make a large investment in web search by building its own web crawler for MSN Search the index of which was updated weekly and sometimes daily The upgrade started as a beta program in November 2004 and came out of beta in February 2005 13 This occurred a year after rival Yahoo Search rolled out its own crawler too Image search was powered by a third party Picsearch The service also started providing its search results to other search engine portals in an effort to better compete in the market Windows Live Search Windows Live Search homepage The first public beta of Windows Live Search was unveiled on March 8 2006 with the final release on September 11 2006 replacing MSN Search The new search engine used search tabs that include Web news images music desktop local and Microsoft Encarta In the roll over from MSN Search to Windows Live Search Microsoft stopped using Picsearch as their image search provider and started performing their own image search fueled by their own internal image search algorithms 14 Live Search Live Search homepage which would help to create the Bing homepage later on On March 21 2007 Microsoft announced that it would separate its search developments from the Windows Live services family rebranding the service as Live Search Live Search was integrated into the Live Search and Ad Platform headed by Satya Nadella part of Microsoft s Platform and Systems division As part of this change Live Search was merged with Microsoft adCenter 15 A series of reorganizations and consolidations of Microsoft s search offerings were made under the Live Search branding On May 23 2008 Microsoft announced the discontinuation of Live Search Books and Live Search Academic and integrated all academic and book search results into regular search and as a result this also included the closure of Live Search Books Publisher Program Soon after Windows Live Expo was discontinued on July 31 2008 Live Search Macros a service for users to create their own custom search engines or use macros created by other users was also discontinued shortly after On May 15 2009 Live Product Upload a service which allowed merchants to upload products information onto Live Search Products was discontinued The final reorganization came as Live Search QnA which was rebranded as MSN QnA on February 18 2009 although it was discontinued on May 21 2009 16 Rebrand as Bing First Bing logo used until September 2013 Second Bing logo used from 2013 until 2016 Third Bing logo used from 2016 until 2020 Microsoft recognized that there would be a problem with branding as long as the word Live remained in the name 17 As an effort to create a new identity for Microsoft s search services Live Search was officially replaced by Bing on June 3 2009 18 The Bing name was chosen through focus groups and Microsoft decided that the name was memorable short and easy to spell and that it would function well as a URL around the world The word would remind people of the sound made during the moment of discovery and decision making 19 Microsoft was assisted by branding consultancy Interbrand in their search for the best name for the new search engine 20 The name also has strong similarity to the word bingo which is used to mean that something sought has been found or realized as is interjected when winning the game Bingo Microsoft advertising strategist David Webster originally proposed the name Bang for the same reasons the name Bing was ultimately chosen easy to spell one syllable and easy to remember He noted It s there it s an exclamation point It s the opposite of a question mark This name was ultimately not chosen because it could not be properly used as a verb in the context of an internet search Webster commented Oh I banged it is very different than I binged it 21 Qi Lu president of Microsoft Online Services also announced that Bing s official Chinese name is bi ying simplified Chinese 必应 traditional Chinese 必應 which literally means very certain to respond or very certain to answer in Chinese 22 While being tested internally by Microsoft employees Bing s codename was Kumo くも 23 which came from the Japanese word for spider 蜘蛛 くも kumo as well as cloud 雲 くも kumo referring to the manner in which search engines spider Internet resources to add them to their database as well as cloud computing Legal challenges On July 31 2009 The Laptop Company Inc stated in a press release that it would challenge Bing s trademark application alleging that Bing may cause confusion in the marketplace as Bing and their product BongoBing both do online product search 24 Software company TeraByte Unlimited which has a product called BootIt Next Generation abbreviated to BING also contended the trademark application on similar grounds as did a Missouri based design company called Bing Information Design 25 Microsoft contended that claims challenging its trademark were without merit because these companies filed for U S federal trademark applications only after Microsoft filed for the Bing trademark in March 2009 26 Deal with Yahoo On July 29 2009 Microsoft and Yahoo announced that they had made a ten year deal in which the Yahoo search engine would be replaced by Bing retaining the Yahoo user interface Yahoo got to keep 88 of the revenue from all search ad sales on its site for the first five years of the deal and have the right to sell advertising on some Microsoft sites 27 28 All Yahoo Search global customers and partners made the transition by early 2012 6 FeaturesThird party integration Facebook users have the option to share their searches with their Facebook friends using Facebook Connect 29 On June 10 2013 Apple announced that it would be dropping Google as its web search engine in favor of Bing 30 This feature is only integrated with iOS 7 and higher and for users with an iPhone 4S or higher as the feature is only integrated with Siri Apple s personal assistant Integration with Windows 8 1 Windows 8 1 includes Bing Smart Search integration which processes all queries submitted through the Windows Start Screen 31 Translator Bing Translator is a user facing translation portal provided by Microsoft to translate texts or entire web pages into different languages All translation pairs are powered by the Microsoft Translator a statistical machine translation platform and web service developed by Microsoft Research as its backend translation software Two transliteration pairs between Chinese Simplified and Chinese Traditional are provided by Microsoft s Windows International team 32 As of September 2020 Bing Translator offers translations in 70 different language systems 33 Knowledge and Action Graph In 2015 Microsoft announced its knowledge and action API to correspond with Google s Knowledge graph with 1 billion instances and 20 billion related facts 34 Bing Predicts The idea for a prediction engine was first suggested by Walter Sun Development Manager for the Core Ranking team at Bing when he noticed that school districts were more frequently searched before a major weather event in the area was forecasted because searchers wanted to find out if a closing or delay was caused He concluded that the time and location of major weather events could accurately be predicted without referring to a weather forecast by observing major increases in search frequency of school districts in the area This inspired Bing to use its search data to infer outcomes of certain events such as winners of reality shows 35 Bing Predicts launched on April 21 2014 The first reality shows to be featured on Bing Predicts were The Voice American Idol and Dancing with the Stars 36 The prediction accuracy for Bing Predicts is 80 for American Idol and 85 for The Voice Bing Predicts also predicts the outcomes of major political elections in the United States Bing Predicts had 97 accuracy for the 2014 United States Senate elections 96 accuracy for the 2014 United States House of Representatives elections and an 89 accuracy for the 2014 United States gubernatorial elections Bing Predicts also made predictions for the results of the 2016 United States presidential primaries 37 It has also done predictions in sports including a perfect 15 for 15 in the 2014 World Cup 38 leading to positive press such as a Business Insider story on its successes 39 and a PC World article on how Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella did well in his March Madness bracket entry 40 In 2016 Bing Predicts failed to accurately predict the winner of the 2016 US presidential election suggesting that Hillary Clinton would win by 81 InternationalBing is available in many languages and has been localized for many countries 41 Even if the language of the search and of the results are the same Bing delivers substantially different results for different parts of the world 42 Webmaster services Bing allows webmasters to manage the web crawling status of their own websites through Bing Webmaster Center Users may also submit contents to Bing via the Bing Local Listing Center which allows businesses to add business listings onto Bing Maps and Bing Local Mobile services Bing Mobile allows users to conduct search queries on their mobile devices either via the mobile browser or a downloadable mobile application Bing News Bing News previously Live Search News 43 is a news aggregator powered by artificial intelligence 44 In August 2015 Microsoft announced that Bing News for mobile devices added algorithmic deduced smart labels that essentially act as topic tags allowing users to click through and explore possible relationships between different news stories The feature emerged as a result from Microsoft research that found out about 60 of the people consume news by only reading headlines rather than read the articles 45 Other labels that have been deployed since then include publisher logos 46 and fact check tags SoftwareToolbars The Bing Bar a browser extension toolbar that replaced the MSN Toolbar provides users with links to Bing and MSN content from within their web browser without needing to navigate away from a web page they are already on The user can customize the theme and color scheme of the Bing Bar as well as choose which MSN content buttons to present within the user interface Bing Bar also displays the current local weather forecast and stock market positions 47 The Bing Bar features integration with Microsoft Bing search engine In addition to the traditional web search functions Bing Bar also allows search on other Bing services such as Images Video News and Maps When users perform a search on another search engine the Bing Bar s search box will automatically populate itself allowing the user to view the results from Bing should it be desired Bing Bar also links to Outlook com Skype and Facebook 48 Desktop Bing Desktop 1 3 475 0 Microsoft released a beta version of Bing Desktop a program developed to allow users to search Bing from the desktop on April 4 2012 49 The initial release followed shortly on April 24 2012 supporting Windows 7 only 50 With the release of version 1 1 in December 2012 it supported Windows XP and higher 51 Bing Desktop allows users to initiate a web search from the desktop view news headlines automatically set their background to the Bing homepage image or choose a background from the previous nine background images 52 The discontinued Live Search versions of the Windows Sidebar gadgets A similar program the Bing Search gadget was a Windows Sidebar Gadget that used Bing to fetch the user s search results and render them directly in the gadget Another gadget the Bing Maps gadget displayed real time traffic conditions using Bing Maps 53 The gadget provided shortcuts to driving directions local search and full screen traffic view of major US and Canadian cities including Atlanta Boston Chicago Denver Detroit Houston Los Angeles Milwaukee Montreal New York City Oklahoma City Ottawa Philadelphia Phoenix Pittsburgh Portland Providence Sacramento Salt Lake City San Diego San Francisco Seattle St Louis Tampa Toronto Vancouver and Washington D C Prior to October 30 2007 the gadgets were known as Live Search gadget and Live Search Maps gadget both gadgets were removed from Windows Live Gallery due to possible security concerns 54 The Live Search Maps gadget was made available for download again on January 24 2008 with the security concern addressed 55 However around the introduction of Bing in June 2009 both gadgets have been removed again for download from Windows Live Gallery Market shareBefore the launch of Bing the market share of Microsoft web search pages MSN and Live search had been small By January 2011 Experian Hitwise show that Bing s market share had increased to 12 8 at the expense of Yahoo and Google In the same period comScore s 2010 U S Digital Year in Review report showed that Bing was the big gainer in year over year search activity picking up 29 more searches in 2010 than it did in 2009 56 The Wall Street Journal notes the 1 jump in share appeared to come at the expense of rival Google Inc 57 In February 2011 Bing beat Yahoo for the first time with 4 37 search share while Yahoo received 3 93 58 Counting core searches only i e those where the user has an intent to interact with the search result Bing had a market share of 14 54 in the second quarter of 2011 in the United States 29 59 60 61 The combined Bing Powered U S searches declined from 26 5 in 2011 to 25 9 in April 2012 62 By November 2015 its market share had declined further to 20 9 63 As of October 2018 Bing is the third largest search engine in the US with a query volume of 4 58 behind Google 77 and Baidu 14 45 Yahoo Search which Bing largely powers has 2 63 UK advertising agencies point to a study by Microsoft s Regional Sales Director suggesting the demographic of Bing users is older people who are less likely to change the default browser of Windows and that this audience is wealthier and more likely to respond to advertisements 64 To counter EU accusations that it is trying to establish a market monopoly in September 2021 Google s lawyers claimed that one of the most commonly searched words on Microsoft Bing was Google which is a strong indication that Google is superior to Bing 65 66 Powered by In July 2009 Microsoft and Yahoo announced a deal in which Bing would power Yahoo Search 5 All Yahoo Search global customers and partners made the transition by early 2012 6 The deal was altered in 2015 meaning Yahoo was only required to use Bing for a majority of searches 11 DuckDuckGo uses multiple sources for its search engine including Bing since 2010 67 68 69 Ecosia uses Bing to provide its search results since 2017 70 Marketing and advertisementsLive Search Since 2006 Microsoft had conducted a number of tie ins and promotions for promoting Microsoft s search offerings These include Amazon s A9 search service and the experimental Ms Dewey interactive search site syndicated all search results from Microsoft s then search engine Live Search This tie in started on May 1 2006 Search and Give a promotional website launched on January 17 2007 where all searches done from a special portal site would lead to a donation to the UNHCR s organization for refugee children ninemillion org Reuters AlertNet reported in 2007 that the amount to be donated would be 0 01 per search with a minimum of 100 000 and a maximum of 250 000 equivalent to 25 million searches 71 According to the website the service was decommissioned on June 1 2009 having donated over 500 000 to charity and schools 72 Club Bing a promotional website where users can win prizes by playing word games that generate search queries on Microsoft s then search service Live Search This website began in April 2007 as Live Search Club Big Snap Search a promotional website similar to Live Search Club This website began in February 2008 but was discontinued shortly after 73 Live Search SearchPerks a promotional website which allowed users to redeem tickets for prizes while using Microsoft s search engine This website began on October 1 2008 and was decommissioned on April 15 2009 Debut Bing s debut featured an 80 to 100 million online TV print and radio advertising campaign in the US The advertisements do not mention other search engine competitors such as Google and Yahoo directly by name rather they attempt to convince users to switch to Bing by focusing on Bing s search features and functionality 74 The ads claim that Bing does a better job countering search overload 75 Decision engine Bing has been heavily advertised as a decision engine 76 though thought by columnist David Berkowitz to be more closely related to a web portal 77 Bing Rewards Bing Rewards was a loyalty program launched by Microsoft in September 2010 It was similar to two earlier services SearchPerks and Bing Cashback which were subsequently discontinued Bing Rewards provided credits to users through regular Bing searches and special promotions 78 These credits were then redeemed for various products including electronics gift cards sweepstakes and charitable donations 79 Initially participants were required to download and use the Bing Bar for Internet Explorer in order to earn credits but later the service was made to work with all desktop browsers 80 The Bing Rewards program was rebranded as Microsoft Rewards in 2016 81 at which point it was modified to only two levels Level 1 and Level 2 Level 1 is similar to Member and Level 2 is similar to Gold of the previous Bing Rewards The Colbert Report During the episode of The Colbert Report that aired on June 8 2010 Stephen Colbert stated that Microsoft would donate 2 500 to help clean up the Gulf oil spill each time he mentioned the word Bing on air Colbert mostly mentioned Bing in out of context situations such as Bing Crosby and Bing cherries By the end of the show Colbert had said the word 40 times for a total donation of 100 000 Colbert poked fun at their rivalry with Google stating Bing is a great website for doing Internet searches I know that because I Googled it 82 83 Search deals Bing was added into the list of search engines available in Opera browser from v10 6 but Google remained the default search engine 84 Mozilla Firefox made a deal with Microsoft to jointly release Firefox with Bing 85 an edition of Firefox where Bing has replaced Google as the default search engine 86 87 The standard edition of Firefox has Google as its default search engine but has included Bing in its list of search providers since Firefox version 4 0 88 In addition Microsoft paid Verizon Wireless US 550 million 89 to use Bing as the default search provider on Verizon s BlackBerry and have Verizon turn off via BlackBerry service books the other search providers available Users could still access other search engines via the mobile browser 90 Bing It On In 2012 a Bing marketing campaign asked the public which search engine they believed was better when its results were presented without branding similar to the Pepsi Challenge in the 1970s 91 92 This poll was nicknamed Bing It On 93 94 Microsoft presented a study of almost 1 000 people 95 which showed that 57 of participants in such a test preferred Bing s results with only 30 preferring Google 96 Adult contentBing censors results for adult search terms for some regions including India People s Republic of China Germany and Arab countries 97 where required by local laws 98 However Bing allows users to change their country or region preference to somewhere without restrictions such as the United States United Kingdom or Republic of Ireland Notice reading Your country or region requires a strict Bing SafeSearch setting which filters out results that might return adult content If you re seeing adult content tell us about it so we can filter it in the future To learn more about SafeSearch requirements in your country or region see How Bing delivers search results CriticismCensorship See also Internet censorship in China and Overseas censorship of Chinese issues Microsoft has been criticized for censoring Bing search results to queries made in simplified Chinese characters which are used in mainland China This is done to comply with the censorship requirements of the government in China 99 Microsoft has not indicated a willingness to stop censoring search results in simplified Chinese characters in the wake of Google s decision to do so 100 All simplified Chinese searches in Bing are censored regardless of the user s country 101 102 The English language search results of Bing in China has been skewed to show more content from state run media like Xinhua News Agency and China Daily 103 On 23 January 2019 Bing was blocked in China 104 According to a source quoted by The Financial Times the order was from the Chinese government to block Bing for illegal content 105 On 24 January Bing was accessible again in China 106 Around 4 June 2021 the anniversary of the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre Bing blocked image and video search results for the English term Tank Man in the US UK France Germany Singapore Switzerland and other countries Microsoft responded that This is due to an accidental human error 107 108 In December 2021 it was required by a relevant government agency to suspend its auto suggest function in China for 30 days 109 The search engine became partially unavailable in mainland China from 16 December until its resumption on 18 December 2021 110 111 According to the company a government agency in March 2022 required that it suspend auto suggest function in China for seven days Bing did not specify the reason 112 In May 2022 a report released by the Citizen Lab of the University of Toronto found that Bing s autosuggestion system censored the names of Chinese Communist Party leaders dissidents and other persons considered politically sensitive in China in both Chinese and English not only in China but also in United States and Canada 113 114 Copyright infringing content On February 20 2017 Bing agreed to a voluntary United Kingdom code of practice obligating it to demote links to copyright infringing content in its search results 115 116 Performance issues Bing has been criticized for being slower to index websites than Google It has also been criticized for not indexing some websites at all 117 118 Allegedly copying Google s results Bing has been criticized by competitor Google for utilizing user input via Internet Explorer the Bing Toolbar or Suggested Sites to add results to Bing After discovering in October 2010 that Bing appeared to be imitating Google s auto correct results for a misspelling despite not actually fixing the spelling of the term Google set up a honeypot configuring the Google search engine to return specific unrelated results for 100 nonsensical queries such as hiybbprqag 119 Over the next couple of weeks Google engineers entered the search term into Google while using Microsoft Internet Explorer with the Bing Toolbar installed and the optional Suggested Sites enabled In 9 out of the 100 queries Bing later started returning the same results as Google despite the only apparent connection between the result and search term being that Google s results connected the two 120 121 Microsoft s response to this issue coming from a company spokesperson was We do not copy Google s results Bing s Vice President Harry Shum later reiterated that the search result data Google claimed that Bing copied had in fact come from Bing s very own users Shum wrote that we use over 1 000 different signals and features in our ranking algorithm A small piece of that is clickstream data we get from some of our customers who opt into sharing anonymous data as they navigate the web in order to help us improve the experience for all users 122 Microsoft stated that Bing was not intended to be a duplicate of any existing search engines 123 Child pornography A study released in 2019 of Bing Image search showed that it both freely offered up images that had been tagged as illegal child pornography in national databases as well as automatically suggesting via its auto completion feature queries related to child pornography This easy accessibility was considered particularly surprising since Microsoft pioneered PhotoDNA the main technology used for tracking images reported as originating from child pornography 124 Additionally some arrested child pornographers reported using Bing as their main search engine for new content 125 Microsoft vowed to fix the problem and assign additional staff to combat the issue after the report was released Privacy France imposed the highest fine of 2022 to Microsoft for 60 Million Euros for privacy law violations using Bing cookies that prevented users rejecting those cookies 126 127 128 See also Internet portalList of search engines by popularity Comparison of web search engines List of search enginesReferences Roger Chapman Top 40 Website Programming Languages roadchap com Archived from the original on September 27 2011 Retrieved September 6 2011 Microsoft s New Search at Bing com Helps People Make Better Decisions Microsoft Retrieved November 23 2016 Microsoft Bing rides open source to semantic search The Register Retrieved January 1 2010 Powerset joins Live Search Bing Archived from the original on December 28 2009 Retrieved December 7 2021 a b Microsoft and Yahoo seal web deal BBC News July 29 2009 Retrieved May 10 2012 a b c When will the change happen How long will the transition take Yahoo 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2011 Google Bing Is Cheating Copying Our Search Results Search Engine Land Retrieved February 2 2011 Google Bing s Search Results Are a Cheap Imitation Mashable October 25 2011 Retrieved October 25 2011 Shum Harry February 2 2011 Thoughts on search quality Microsoft Bing Blog Retrieved December 7 2021 Microsoft Bing not only shows child sexual abuse it suggests it Keller Michael H Dance Gabriel J X November 9 2019 Child Abusers Run Rampant as Tech Companies Look the Other Way The New York Times France fines Microsoft 60 million euros over Bing cookies France fines Microsoft 60m for imposing advertising cookies Microsoft fined 64 million by France over cookies used in Bing searchesFurther reading Transforming Search from Finding to Doing Press Release Microsoft Archived from the original on May 18 2012 Retrieved May 17 2012 External links Wikiquote has quotations related to Microsoft Bing Media related to Bing at Wikimedia Commons Official website Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Microsoft Bing amp oldid 1130213316, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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