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Louis Ferrante

Louis Ferrante (born May 13, 1969) is a former Gambino crime family mobster, who spent eight and a half years in prison,[1] successfully appealed his conviction and became a bestselling true crime, business, and science writer. He hosts his own show, airing on Discovery International in 195 countries and was nominated for a Grierson Trust Award, which is considered the most prestigious documentary award in the United Kingdom, known as "the Oscars of the documentary world."[2]

Louis Ferrante
BornMay 13, 1969
Queens, New York
OccupationWriter
Gangster
Notable worksUnlocked: The Life and Crimes of a Mafia Insider
Mob Rules
The Three Pound Crystal Ball: How the Dreaming Brain Can See the Future
Louis Ferrante
AllegianceGambino crime family

On September 15, 2011, Ferrante spoke at The Economist's Ideas Economy: Human Potential Summit in New York City.[3] On October 21, 2014, Ferrante spoke at the CEO Global Leaders Forum in New York City, hosted by billionaire businessman Leonard Lauder.

Early life

Ferrante was born on May 13, 1969 in Queens, New York, where he was raised. As a teenager, he made his reputation as a gang leader. Ferrante and his gang hijacked delivery trucks[4] all over New York and he soon gained the attention of the Gambino crime family.[5] By his early twenties, Ferrante headed a crew of older armed robbers within the family.[6] Newspaper articles from the 1990s referred to Ferrante as "John Gotti's pal". Another article referred to Ferrante as a "crony of John A. Gotti."[7] On one occasion, Ferrante and his crew flew from New York to California to hold up an armored car. His plans were foiled by the FBI, although there was insufficient evidence to charge Ferrante and his crew with a crime.[8][9] Around this time, he was suspected of masterminding some of the largest heists in U.S. history.

Arrests

 
FBI Surveillance Photo of Louis Ferrante in California, on His Way to a Meeting with His Crew
 
FBI Surveillance Photo of Louis Ferrante and His Crew in California Planning an Armored Truck Heist (Ferrante's Back is to the Camera)

Ferrante was targeted by many investigations. He was eventually indicted by the FBI, the United States Secret Service, and the Nassau County Organized Crime Task Force.[10]

The main witness against Ferrante entered the Witness Protection program. Another informant against Ferrante was William Degel, now the host of Restaurant Stakeout on Food Network.[7] By 1994, and facing a life sentence in prison, Ferrante wrote and distributed a rap song defending crime boss John Gotti. Ferrante hired controversial civil rights attorney William Kunstler to defend him.[11] During the trial, Kunstler claimed that Ferrante's song aggravated law enforcement agencies who had convicted Gotti and that the massive resources used to indict Ferrante multiple times were part of a government vendetta.[12] Ferrante's defense was defeated in court by prosecutors and Ferrante was convicted. In Ferrante's second case, he chose to plead guilty to a thirteen-year sentence, with his third case running concurrent with the first two cases. Ferrante refused to cooperate with the government and did not inform on former associates of the Gambino family.[13] He was sent to the maximum security prison in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania to begin his sentence.

Prison

Ferrante has stated he read his first book and became interested in writing during his incarnation at the Lewisburg Penitentiary.[14] He subsequently immersed himself in the study of history, philosophy, and literature. He also penned a historical novel, Aleesa, set in the antebellum South. Lewisburg Penitentiary was the site of numerous violent race wars, resulting in many violent deaths.[15] In his memoir Unlocked, Ferrante cites his need to shield his mind from the racism around him as the main motivation to write books.[16]

While in prison, Ferrante hired and fired a number of attorneys before successfully appealing his own conviction, a case that is cited in courtrooms across the country.[17] He was released in January 2003,[18] after serving eight and a half years.[19] In addition to law, Ferrante, a former Catholic, studied many religions and chose to convert to Judaism.[20] becoming an observant Jew.[21][22]

Books and other writings

In the United States, the paperback edition of Ferrante's memoir is titled Unlocked: The Life and Crimes of a Mafia Insider.[23] In the United Kingdom, the memoir is titled Tough Guy: The Life and Crimes of a Mafia Insider. The book has also been translated to Dutch.

Ferrante's second book is titled Mob Rules and is a non-fiction business book.[24][25] The book was shortlisted for the 800-CEO-Read Awards and is an international bestseller. It has been translated to more than 20 languages.

Ferrante's third book is titled The Three Pound Crystal Ball: How the Dreaming Brain Can See the Future.[26] It combines physics, psychology, personal experience, extensive research, and neuroscience to establish that the dreaming brain can see nanoseconds into the future. Ferrante conceived this theory while at prison, but developed it after his release. A number of professional scientists have praised the book which follows the lives of Albert Einstein and Sigmund Freud as the work of both men contributed to Ferrante's theory.

Ferrante has also contributed essays to Signed, Your Student: Celebrities Praise the Teachers Who Made Them Who They Are Today, and Bound to Last: 30 Writers on Their Most Cherished Book.

The book, Philosophy for Life and Other Dangerous Situations, by Jules Evans, contains a chapter dedicated to Ferrante titled, "Plutarch and the Art of Heroism."[27][28]

United Kingdom

Ferrante has visited numerous United Kingdom prisons in an effort to help British prison inmates. As a result of his voluntary work, he received the Celebrity Reading Hero Award. He has been a guest on numerous BBC radio and television programs and has appeared as a guest on the world-renowned news program BBC HARDTalk. Ferrante was also nominated for the Grierson Trust Award, which is considered by many the United Kingdom's most prestigious documentary award; the list of nominees includes David Attenborough.

Television

Ferrante is an award-nominated television host, who also works behind the camera. He is co-creator and executive producer for the television series, The Diamond Collar which aired on Oprah Winfrey's OWN Network on early 2014.[29] Ferrante appeared with actors Al Pacino and James Caan and with director Francis Ford Coppola in the anniversary documentary, The Godfather Legacy.[30]

Inside the Gangsters' Code

Ferrante's television series, Inside the Gangsters' Code premiered on February 27, 2013. Each hour-long episode follows Ferrante as he explores different gang cultures around the world. Inside the Gangsters' Code aired on Discovery Channel in over 195 countries and in multiple languages. Ferrante wrote, hosted, narrated, and co-produced the series.

The Philippines

The 2013 episode "The Commandos" which exposed the luxurious prison cells owned by gang leaders controlling the Philippines' largest maximum security prison became the subject of a drug trafficking and bribery scandal and investigation at the House of Representatives of the Philippines.[31][32]

Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte used the episode as a propaganda tool to gain and maintain power in the country. Time Magazine's World Desk interviewed Ferrante and covered the story on August 10, 2017.[33]

Awards and nominations

Ferrante received the U.K. Celebrity Reading Hero Award, which was presented to him by Sarah Brown, wife of British Prime Minister Gordon Brown, in 2009.[34]

Ferrante's second book Mob Rules was a 1-800-CEO-READ 2011 Business Book Award nominee,[35] and was one of Forbes magazine columnist Marc Kramer's World's Best Business Books.[36][37]

In 2013, Ferrante made the final shortlist of nominees for the Grierson Trust Documentary Television Awards in the United Kingdom. Ferrante was nominated for Documentary Presenter of the Year for his show Inside the Gangsters' Code.[38]

Bibliography

  • Ferrante, Louis (2011). Mob Rules: What the Mafia Can Teach the Legitimate Businessman. ISBN 978-1-59184-398-6.
  • Ferrante, Louis (2015). The Three Pound Crystal Ball: How the Dreaming Brain Can See the Future. ISBN 978-0-692-43908-1.
  • Ferrante, Louis (2009). Unlocked: The Life and Crimes of a Mafia Insider. ISBN 978-0-06-113386-2.
  • Holbert, Holly M., editor. (2010). Signed, Your Student: Celebrities Praise the Teachers Who Made Them Who They Are Today. ISBN 978-1-60714-121-1.
  • Langum, David J. (1999). William M. Kunstler: The Most Hated Lawyer in America. ISBN 0-8147-5150-4.
  • Manning, Sean, editor (2010). Bound to Last: 30 Writers on Their Most Cherished Book. ISBN 978-0-306-81921-6.

Radio Interviews

  • The Leonard Lopate Show: "Mafia Soldier Converts to Orthodox Judaism" (26 March 2008)

References

  1. ^ Jacobs, E. (15 June 2011). "Lessons from the lawbreakers". Financial Times.
  2. ^ . The Grierson Trust. Archived from the original on 2014-11-11. Retrieved 2013-11-18.
  3. ^ . The Times Center, New York City. 14–15 September 2001. Archived from the original on 30 March 2012. Retrieved 26 September 2011.
  4. ^ Gluckstadt, M. (21 May 2008). "La Kosher Nostra". Gelf Magazine.
  5. ^ Dominguez, R. (2 June 2011). "Wiseguy's wisdom: Ex-mobster offers tips to legit businessmen". New York Daily News.
  6. ^ Jones, N. (3 March 2009). "How books saved Mafioso". London Telegraph.
  7. ^ a b Rashbaum, W. K.; et al. (4 June 1996). "Record of run-ins, busts for cop's partying pal". New York Daily News.
  8. ^ Ferrante, L. (2009). Unlocked: the Life and Crimes of a Mafia Insider. HarperCollins. pp. 41–57. ISBN 9780061133862.
  9. ^ FOIA Documents Request No.1040554-000, Received June 21, 2008.
  10. ^ Price, M. (27 April 2008). "Louis Ferrante speaks freely about 'Unlocked'". Newsday.
  11. ^ Langum, D.J. (1999). William M. Kunstler: the Most Hated Lawyer in America. New York University Press. p. 275. ISBN 9780814751503.
  12. ^ Good Day New York, WNYW TV transcript, June 8, 1994.
  13. ^ Brawarsky, S. (28 April 2008). "A wiseguy's new racket". The Jewish Week.
  14. ^ Loizos, C. (14 July 2011). "What the Mob can teach the startup industry". peHUB.
  15. ^ Goffard, C. (16 September 2006). "Aryan Brotherhood leaders get life terms". Los Angeles Times.
  16. ^ Ferrante, L. (2009). Unlocked. HarperCollins. p. 241. ISBN 9780061133862.
  17. ^ United States v. Livorsi, 180 F.3d 76,82 (2d Cir. 1999)
  18. ^ Flamm, M. (15 May 2011). "Ex-mobster writes business advice book". Crain's New York.
  19. ^ Dominguez, R. (3 June 2011). "Wiseguy's wisdom". New York Daily News.
  20. ^ Burstein, N. (15 February 2012). "From organized crime to organized religion. Ex-mobster: first reformed, now modern Orthodox". The Times of Israel.
  21. ^ Brawarsky, S. (22 April 2008). "A wiseguy's new racket". The Jewish Week.
  22. ^ "Louis Ferrante: From Mobster to Mensch". Jewish Literary Review. May 2008.
  23. ^ Sandall, S. (February 2012). "Louis Ferrante". Readersvoice.com.
  24. ^ Ferrante, L. (1 June 2011). "10 legitimate business tips from an ex-Mafia man". Huffington Post.
  25. ^ Ferrante, L. (6 June 2011). "Former Mafia associate gives lessons for success in legitimate business". Huffington Post.
  26. ^ Ferrante, Louis (12 May 2015). The Three Pound Crystal Ball. ISBN 978-0692439081.
  27. ^ "Philosophy for Life". Retrieved 18 November 2013.
  28. ^ Evans, Jules (2012). Philosophy for Life and Other Dangerous Situations. New World Press. pp. 187–191. ISBN 978-1-60868-229-4.
  29. ^ "Press Release: Oprah Winfrey Network 12/18/2013". Corus Entertainment.
  30. ^ "The Godfather Legacy 2012". IMDb.
  31. ^ Merueñas, M. (20 September 2016). "'Bilibid' gang leader shows picture with De Lima to docu show host". GMA News. Retrieved 24 September 2016.
  32. ^ "Bilibid docu 'Inside the Gangster's Code' a star at House hearing". ABS-CBN News. 20 September 2016. Retrieved 20 September 2016.
  33. ^ Joseph Hincks (11 August 2017). "How Mobster Turned T.V. Presenter Louis Ferrante Was Unwillingly Co-Opted into Rodrigo Duterte's Propaganda Machine 8/10/2017". Time Magazine World Desk.
  34. ^ "Sarah Brown gives a Reading Heroes Award to ex-mafia member Louis Ferrante at Downing Street in London". alamy.com. Retrieved 24 August 2021.
  35. ^ "Introducing the Candidates: General Business". 1-800-CEO-READ. 23 December 2011.
  36. ^ "World's Best Business Books Homepage". Kramer Communications.
  37. ^ Kramer, M. (2 January 2012). "Mob Rules: What the Mafia can Teach Legitimate Businessmen". Kramer Communications.
  38. ^ . Archived from the original on 28 February 2012. Retrieved 18 November 2013.

External links

  • Exclusive! Interview with Ex.Mafia Gangster – Louis Ferrante.
  • Louis Ferrante Official Website
  • Discovery Channel: Inside the Gangsters' Code

louis, ferrante, born, 1969, former, gambino, crime, family, mobster, spent, eight, half, years, prison, successfully, appealed, conviction, became, bestselling, true, crime, business, science, writer, hosts, show, airing, discovery, international, countries, . Louis Ferrante born May 13 1969 is a former Gambino crime family mobster who spent eight and a half years in prison 1 successfully appealed his conviction and became a bestselling true crime business and science writer He hosts his own show airing on Discovery International in 195 countries and was nominated for a Grierson Trust Award which is considered the most prestigious documentary award in the United Kingdom known as the Oscars of the documentary world 2 Louis FerranteBornMay 13 1969Queens New YorkOccupationWriterGangsterNotable worksUnlocked The Life and Crimes of a Mafia InsiderMob RulesThe Three Pound Crystal Ball How the Dreaming Brain Can See the FutureLouis FerranteAllegianceGambino crime familyOn September 15 2011 Ferrante spoke at The Economist s Ideas Economy Human Potential Summit in New York City 3 On October 21 2014 Ferrante spoke at the CEO Global Leaders Forum in New York City hosted by billionaire businessman Leonard Lauder Contents 1 Early life 2 Arrests 3 Prison 4 Books and other writings 5 United Kingdom 6 Television 7 Inside the Gangsters Code 7 1 The Philippines 8 Awards and nominations 9 Bibliography 10 Radio Interviews 11 References 12 External linksEarly life EditFerrante was born on May 13 1969 in Queens New York where he was raised As a teenager he made his reputation as a gang leader Ferrante and his gang hijacked delivery trucks 4 all over New York and he soon gained the attention of the Gambino crime family 5 By his early twenties Ferrante headed a crew of older armed robbers within the family 6 Newspaper articles from the 1990s referred to Ferrante as John Gotti s pal Another article referred to Ferrante as a crony of John A Gotti 7 On one occasion Ferrante and his crew flew from New York to California to hold up an armored car His plans were foiled by the FBI although there was insufficient evidence to charge Ferrante and his crew with a crime 8 9 Around this time he was suspected of masterminding some of the largest heists in U S history Arrests Edit FBI Surveillance Photo of Louis Ferrante in California on His Way to a Meeting with His Crew FBI Surveillance Photo of Louis Ferrante and His Crew in California Planning an Armored Truck Heist Ferrante s Back is to the Camera Ferrante was targeted by many investigations He was eventually indicted by the FBI the United States Secret Service and the Nassau County Organized Crime Task Force 10 The main witness against Ferrante entered the Witness Protection program Another informant against Ferrante was William Degel now the host of Restaurant Stakeout on Food Network 7 By 1994 and facing a life sentence in prison Ferrante wrote and distributed a rap song defending crime boss John Gotti Ferrante hired controversial civil rights attorney William Kunstler to defend him 11 During the trial Kunstler claimed that Ferrante s song aggravated law enforcement agencies who had convicted Gotti and that the massive resources used to indict Ferrante multiple times were part of a government vendetta 12 Ferrante s defense was defeated in court by prosecutors and Ferrante was convicted In Ferrante s second case he chose to plead guilty to a thirteen year sentence with his third case running concurrent with the first two cases Ferrante refused to cooperate with the government and did not inform on former associates of the Gambino family 13 He was sent to the maximum security prison in Lewisburg Pennsylvania to begin his sentence Prison EditFerrante has stated he read his first book and became interested in writing during his incarnation at the Lewisburg Penitentiary 14 He subsequently immersed himself in the study of history philosophy and literature He also penned a historical novel Aleesa set in the antebellum South Lewisburg Penitentiary was the site of numerous violent race wars resulting in many violent deaths 15 In his memoir Unlocked Ferrante cites his need to shield his mind from the racism around him as the main motivation to write books 16 While in prison Ferrante hired and fired a number of attorneys before successfully appealing his own conviction a case that is cited in courtrooms across the country 17 He was released in January 2003 18 after serving eight and a half years 19 In addition to law Ferrante a former Catholic studied many religions and chose to convert to Judaism 20 becoming an observant Jew 21 22 Books and other writings EditIn the United States the paperback edition of Ferrante s memoir is titled Unlocked The Life and Crimes of a Mafia Insider 23 In the United Kingdom the memoir is titled Tough Guy The Life and Crimes of a Mafia Insider The book has also been translated to Dutch Ferrante s second book is titled Mob Rules and is a non fiction business book 24 25 The book was shortlisted for the 800 CEO Read Awards and is an international bestseller It has been translated to more than 20 languages Ferrante s third book is titled The Three Pound Crystal Ball How the Dreaming Brain Can See the Future 26 It combines physics psychology personal experience extensive research and neuroscience to establish that the dreaming brain can see nanoseconds into the future Ferrante conceived this theory while at prison but developed it after his release A number of professional scientists have praised the book which follows the lives of Albert Einstein and Sigmund Freud as the work of both men contributed to Ferrante s theory Ferrante has also contributed essays to Signed Your Student Celebrities Praise the Teachers Who Made Them Who They Are Today and Bound to Last 30 Writers on Their Most Cherished Book The book Philosophy for Life and Other Dangerous Situations by Jules Evans contains a chapter dedicated to Ferrante titled Plutarch and the Art of Heroism 27 28 United Kingdom EditFerrante has visited numerous United Kingdom prisons in an effort to help British prison inmates As a result of his voluntary work he received the Celebrity Reading Hero Award He has been a guest on numerous BBC radio and television programs and has appeared as a guest on the world renowned news program BBC HARDTalk Ferrante was also nominated for the Grierson Trust Award which is considered by many the United Kingdom s most prestigious documentary award the list of nominees includes David Attenborough Television EditFerrante is an award nominated television host who also works behind the camera He is co creator and executive producer for the television series The Diamond Collar which aired on Oprah Winfrey s OWN Network on early 2014 29 Ferrante appeared with actors Al Pacino and James Caan and with director Francis Ford Coppola in the anniversary documentary The Godfather Legacy 30 Inside the Gangsters Code EditFerrante s television series Inside the Gangsters Code premiered on February 27 2013 Each hour long episode follows Ferrante as he explores different gang cultures around the world Inside the Gangsters Code aired on Discovery Channel in over 195 countries and in multiple languages Ferrante wrote hosted narrated and co produced the series The Philippines Edit The 2013 episode The Commandos which exposed the luxurious prison cells owned by gang leaders controlling the Philippines largest maximum security prison became the subject of a drug trafficking and bribery scandal and investigation at the House of Representatives of the Philippines 31 32 Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte used the episode as a propaganda tool to gain and maintain power in the country Time Magazine s World Desk interviewed Ferrante and covered the story on August 10 2017 33 Awards and nominations EditFerrante received the U K Celebrity Reading Hero Award which was presented to him by Sarah Brown wife of British Prime Minister Gordon Brown in 2009 34 Ferrante s second book Mob Rules was a 1 800 CEO READ 2011 Business Book Award nominee 35 and was one of Forbes magazine columnist Marc Kramer s World s Best Business Books 36 37 In 2013 Ferrante made the final shortlist of nominees for the Grierson Trust Documentary Television Awards in the United Kingdom Ferrante was nominated for Documentary Presenter of the Year for his show Inside the Gangsters Code 38 Bibliography EditFerrante Louis 2011 Mob Rules What the Mafia Can Teach the Legitimate Businessman ISBN 978 1 59184 398 6 Ferrante Louis 2015 The Three Pound Crystal Ball How the Dreaming Brain Can See the Future ISBN 978 0 692 43908 1 Ferrante Louis 2009 Unlocked The Life and Crimes of a Mafia Insider ISBN 978 0 06 113386 2 Holbert Holly M editor 2010 Signed Your Student Celebrities Praise the Teachers Who Made Them Who They Are Today ISBN 978 1 60714 121 1 Langum David J 1999 William M Kunstler The Most Hated Lawyer in America ISBN 0 8147 5150 4 Manning Sean editor 2010 Bound to Last 30 Writers on Their Most Cherished Book ISBN 978 0 306 81921 6 Radio Interviews EditThe Bob Edwards Show 23 February 2009 The Leonard Lopate Show Mafia Soldier Converts to Orthodox Judaism 26 March 2008 References Edit Jacobs E 15 June 2011 Lessons from the lawbreakers Financial Times Radio Times sponsors reader s choice awards The Grierson Trust Archived from the original on 2014 11 11 Retrieved 2013 11 18 The Economist Ideas Economy Human Potential The Next Level of Competition The Times Center New York City 14 15 September 2001 Archived from the original on 30 March 2012 Retrieved 26 September 2011 Gluckstadt M 21 May 2008 La Kosher Nostra Gelf Magazine Dominguez R 2 June 2011 Wiseguy s wisdom Ex mobster offers tips to legit businessmen New York Daily News Jones N 3 March 2009 How books saved Mafioso London Telegraph a b Rashbaum W K et al 4 June 1996 Record of run ins busts for cop s partying pal New York Daily News Ferrante L 2009 Unlocked the Life and Crimes of a Mafia Insider HarperCollins pp 41 57 ISBN 9780061133862 FOIA Documents Request No 1040554 000 Received June 21 2008 Price M 27 April 2008 Louis Ferrante speaks freely about Unlocked Newsday Langum D J 1999 William M Kunstler the Most Hated Lawyer in America New York University Press p 275 ISBN 9780814751503 Good Day New York WNYW TV transcript June 8 1994 Brawarsky S 28 April 2008 A wiseguy s new racket The Jewish Week Loizos C 14 July 2011 What the Mob can teach the startup industry peHUB Goffard C 16 September 2006 Aryan Brotherhood leaders get life terms Los Angeles Times Ferrante L 2009 Unlocked HarperCollins p 241 ISBN 9780061133862 United States v Livorsi 180 F 3d 76 82 2d Cir 1999 Flamm M 15 May 2011 Ex mobster writes business advice book Crain s New York Dominguez R 3 June 2011 Wiseguy s wisdom New York Daily News Burstein N 15 February 2012 From organized crime to organized religion Ex mobster first reformed now modern Orthodox The Times of Israel Brawarsky S 22 April 2008 A wiseguy s new racket The Jewish Week Louis Ferrante From Mobster to Mensch Jewish Literary Review May 2008 Sandall S February 2012 Louis Ferrante Readersvoice com Ferrante L 1 June 2011 10 legitimate business tips from an ex Mafia man Huffington Post Ferrante L 6 June 2011 Former Mafia associate gives lessons for success in legitimate business Huffington Post Ferrante Louis 12 May 2015 The Three Pound Crystal Ball ISBN 978 0692439081 Philosophy for Life Retrieved 18 November 2013 Evans Jules 2012 Philosophy for Life and Other Dangerous Situations New World Press pp 187 191 ISBN 978 1 60868 229 4 Press Release Oprah Winfrey Network 12 18 2013 Corus Entertainment The Godfather Legacy 2012 IMDb Meruenas M 20 September 2016 Bilibid gang leader shows picture with De Lima to docu show host GMA News Retrieved 24 September 2016 Bilibid docu Inside the Gangster s Code a star at House hearing ABS CBN News 20 September 2016 Retrieved 20 September 2016 Joseph Hincks 11 August 2017 How Mobster Turned T V Presenter Louis Ferrante Was Unwillingly Co Opted into Rodrigo Duterte s Propaganda Machine 8 10 2017 Time Magazine World Desk Sarah Brown gives a Reading Heroes Award to ex mafia member Louis Ferrante at Downing Street in London alamy com Retrieved 24 August 2021 Introducing the Candidates General Business 1 800 CEO READ 23 December 2011 World s Best Business Books Homepage Kramer Communications Kramer M 2 January 2012 Mob Rules What the Mafia can Teach Legitimate Businessmen Kramer Communications The Grierson Trust the British Documentary Awards Archived from the original on 28 February 2012 Retrieved 18 November 2013 External links EditExclusive Interview with Ex Mafia Gangster Louis Ferrante Louis Ferrante Official Website Discovery Channel Inside the Gangsters Code Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Louis Ferrante amp oldid 1142919942, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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