After World War II, on 4 September 1947, the colony was revived as a part of the French Union, with its previous boundaries. On 11 December 1958, it was reconstituted as the self-governingRepublic of Upper Volta within the French Community, and two years later on 5 August 1960, it attained full independence. On 4 August 1984, the name was changed to Burkina Faso.
The name Upper Volta indicates that the country contains the upper part of the Volta River. The river is divided into three parts, called the Black Volta, White Volta and Red Volta.
Until the end of the 19th century, the history of Upper Volta was dominated by the empire-building Mossi/Mossi Kingdoms, who are believed to have come up to their present location from present-day Northern Ghana. For centuries, the Mossi peasant was both farmer and soldier, and the Mossi people were able to defend their religious beliefs and social structure against forcible attempts to convert them to Islam by Muslims from the northwest.[2]
When the French arrived and claimed the area in 1896, Mossi resistance ended with the capture of their capital at Ouagadougou. In 1919, certain provinces from Upper Senegal and Niger were united into a separate colony called the Upper Volta in the French West Africa federation. In 1932, the new colony was dismembered in a move to economise;[3] it was reconstituted in 1937 as an administrative division called the Upper Coast. After World War II, the Mossi renewed their pressure for separate territorial status and on 4 September 1947, Upper Volta became a French West African territory again in its own right.
The indigenous population was highly discriminated against. For example, African children were not allowed to ride bicycles or pick fruit from trees, "privileges" reserved for the children of colonists. Violating these regulations could land parents in jail.[4]
A revision in the organisation of French overseas territories began with the passage of the Basic Law (Loi Cadre) of 23 July 1956. This act was followed by reorganisational measures approved by the French parliament early in 1957 that ensured a large degree of self-government for individual territories. Upper Volta became an autonomous republic in the French community on 11 December 1958.[2][5]
Upper Volta achieved independence on 5 August 1960.[2] The first president, Maurice Yaméogo, was the leader of the Voltaic Democratic Union (UDV). The 1960 constitution provided for election by universal suffrage of a president and a national assembly for five year terms; however, soon after coming to power, Yaméogo banned all political parties other than the UDV.[6]
^ abc"Upper Volta". Background Notes. Department of State, Bureau of Public Affairs, Office of Public Communications. 1979. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
^ Skinner, E. P. (1989). The Mossi of Burkina Faso: chiefs, politicians and soldiers. Waveland PressInc.
^Figures de la révolution africaine, de Kenyatta à Sankara, La Découverte, 2014, p. 271-288.
^"4 AFRICAN STATES ATTAIN FREEDOM; France Gives Independence to Ivory Coast, Niger, Dahomey and Volta". The New York Times. Retrieved April 9, 2018.
^Benin, The Congo, Burkina Faso, Politics, Economics and Society, 1989, Joan Baxter and Keith Somerville, Pinter Publishers, London and New York, (Book)
October 28, 2023
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This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources French Upper Volta news newspapers books scholar JSTOR August 2017 Learn how and when to remove this template message Upper Volta French Haute Volta was a colony of French West Africa established in 1919 in the territory occupied by present day Burkina Faso It was formed from territories that had been part of the colonies of Upper Senegal and Niger and the Cote d Ivoire 1 The colony was dissolved on 5 September 1932 with parts being administered by the Cote d Ivoire French Sudan and the Colony of Niger Upper VoltaHaute VoltaConstituent of French West Africa1919 19321947 1958FlagDark green French Upper VoltaLight green French West AfricaDark gray Other French possessionsDarkest gray French RepublicAnthemLa MarseillaiseCapitalOuagadougouDemonymUpper VolteseHistoryGovernmentGovernor 1948 1953Albert Mouragues 1957 1958Yvon Bourges 1958Max Berthet acting Premiera 1957 1958Daniel Ouezzin Coulibaly 1958Maurice YameogoHistorical eraInterwar Cold War Established1 March 1919 Abolished5 September 1932 Reestablished4 September 1947 Autonomy11 December 1958 Independence5 August 1960Preceded by Succeeded byUpper Senegal and NigerCote d Ivoire French SudanNigerRepublic of Upper VoltaToday part ofBurkina Fasoa President of the Government Council Upper Volta stamp of 1931 marking the Paris Colonial ExhibitionThreshing African rice in Banfora Department 1931After World War II on 4 September 1947 the colony was revived as a part of the French Union with its previous boundaries On 11 December 1958 it was reconstituted as the self governing Republic of Upper Volta within the French Community and two years later on 5 August 1960 it attained full independence On 4 August 1984 the name was changed to Burkina Faso The name Upper Volta indicates that the country contains the upper part of the Volta River The river is divided into three parts called the Black Volta White Volta and Red Volta Contents 1 History 2 Colonial governors 2 1 Lieutenant Governors 1919 1932 2 2 Governors 1947 1958 2 3 High Commissioners 1958 1960 3 People born in French Upper Volta 4 See also 5 ReferencesHistory editMain article History of Burkina Faso nbsp Missionary Sisters of Our Lady of Africa at a dispensary in Toma 1920sUntil the end of the 19th century the history of Upper Volta was dominated by the empire building Mossi Mossi Kingdoms who are believed to have come up to their present location from present day Northern Ghana For centuries the Mossi peasant was both farmer and soldier and the Mossi people were able to defend their religious beliefs and social structure against forcible attempts to convert them to Islam by Muslims from the northwest 2 When the French arrived and claimed the area in 1896 Mossi resistance ended with the capture of their capital at Ouagadougou In 1919 certain provinces from Upper Senegal and Niger were united into a separate colony called the Upper Volta in the French West Africa federation In 1932 the new colony was dismembered in a move to economise 3 it was reconstituted in 1937 as an administrative division called the Upper Coast After World War II the Mossi renewed their pressure for separate territorial status and on 4 September 1947 Upper Volta became a French West African territory again in its own right The indigenous population was highly discriminated against For example African children were not allowed to ride bicycles or pick fruit from trees privileges reserved for the children of colonists Violating these regulations could land parents in jail 4 A revision in the organisation of French overseas territories began with the passage of the Basic Law Loi Cadre of 23 July 1956 This act was followed by reorganisational measures approved by the French parliament early in 1957 that ensured a large degree of self government for individual territories Upper Volta became an autonomous republic in the French community on 11 December 1958 2 5 Upper Volta achieved independence on 5 August 1960 2 The first president Maurice Yameogo was the leader of the Voltaic Democratic Union UDV The 1960 constitution provided for election by universal suffrage of a president and a national assembly for five year terms however soon after coming to power Yameogo banned all political parties other than the UDV 6 Colonial governors editLieutenant Governors 1919 1932 edit Edouard Hesling 9 November 1919 7 August 1927 Robert Arnaud 7 August 1927 13 January 1928 acting Alberic Fournier 13 January 1928 22 December 1932 Gabriel Descemet 22 December 1932 31 December 1932 Governors 1947 1958 edit Gaston Mourgues 6 September 1947 29 April 1948 acting Albert Mouragues 29 April 1948 23 February 1953 Salvador Jean Etcheber 23 February 1953 3 November 1956 Yvon Bourges 3 November 1956 15 July 1958 Max Berthet 15 July 1958 11 December 1958 actingHigh Commissioners 1958 1960 edit Max Berthet 11 December 1958 February 1959 Paul Masson February 1959 5 August 1960 People born in French Upper Volta editNorbert Zongo Gilbert DiendereSee also editUpper Voltan Territorial Assembly election 1957 List of French possessions and colonies French colonial empire French West Africa Heads of state of Burkina Faso Heads of government of Burkina FasoReferences edit Discoverfrance net a b c Upper Volta Background Notes Department of State Bureau of Public Affairs Office of Public Communications 1979 nbsp This article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain Skinner E P 1989 The Mossi of Burkina Faso chiefs politicians and soldiers Waveland PressInc Figures de la revolution africaine de Kenyatta a Sankara La Decouverte 2014 p 271 288 4 AFRICAN STATES ATTAIN FREEDOM France Gives Independence to Ivory Coast Niger Dahomey and Volta The New York Times Retrieved April 9 2018 Benin The Congo Burkina Faso Politics Economics and Society 1989 Joan Baxter and Keith Somerville Pinter Publishers London and New York Book Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title French Upper Volta amp oldid 1160892593 Colonial governors, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
