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List of amphibians of Texas

January 03, 2024

Seventy-two amphibian species are found in the American state of Texas, including forty-four species of frog and twenty-eight species of salamander. Four species are categorized as endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature: the Barton Springs salamander, the Texas blind salamander, the black-spotted newt, and the Houston toad. Furthermore, Texas law protects several native amphibians, designating eleven species as threatened within the state and four others as endangered.[1][2][3]

Topographic map of Texas

The varied geography of Texas, the second-largest state, hosts a variety of habitats for amphibians, including swamps and the Piney Woods in the east, rocky hills and limestone karst in the central Hill Country of the Edwards Plateau, desert in the south and west, mountains in the far west (the Trans-Pecos), and grassland prairie in the north, also known as the Panhandle. This vast contrast in biomes makes Texas home to a wide variety of herpetofauna.[4][5][6] The state's many rivers, including the Rio Grande, the Colorado River, and the Trinity River, also provide diverse aquatic habitats.[7][8] Its central position in the United States means that species found primarily in either the western or eastern reaches of the country often have their ranges meeting in the state. Additionally, its proximity to Mexico is such that many species found there and into Central America also range as far north as Texas.[4] Moreover, the karst topography of central Texas has created spring and cave ecosystems inhabited by several endemic species,[9] such as the cave-dwelling Texas blind salamander.[10]

List of species edit

Protected status under Texas law[2][3]
† Threatened
‡ Endangered

Order Anura edit

Family Bufonidae edit

Bufonidae is a family of toads, often called the "true toads". Although a widely varied family, Bufonidae includes the stereotypical toad: dry warty skin and shortened forelimbs and hindlimbs. Bufonids also carry potent skin toxins, sometimes concentrated in the parotoid gland.[11]

Bufonidae
Species Common name Distribution Status[a] Image
Anaxyrus americanus American toad Occurs in northeast Texas[12]  LC [13]  
Anaxyrus cognatus Great Plains toad Found in playa wetlands in the Great Plains area of the state[14]  LC [15]  
Anaxyrus debilis Green toad Found in eastern Texas[16]  LC [17]  
Anaxyrus houstonensis Houston toad Found in the southeast counties of Austin, Bastrop, Burleson, Colorado, Lee, Leon, Lavaca, Milam, and Robertson[18]  EN [19]‡  
Anaxyrus punctatus Red-spotted toad Found in central and western Texas[20]  LC [21]  
Anaxyrus speciosus Texas toad Common throughout western two-thirds of Texas, population declining in the Rio Grande Valley[22]  LC [23]  
Anaxyrus woodhousii Woodhouse's toad Found in central, west and north Texas[24]  LC [25]  
Incilius nebulifer Coastal plains toad Found along coastal plains, formerly considered the same species as Incilius valliceps[26]  LC [27]  
Rhinella marina Cane toad Native to extreme southern Texas, invasive species in other parts of the United States[28]  LC [29]  

Family Hylidae edit

Hylidae is a family of frogs which are commonly found in the New World. They may be better known as tree frogs.[30]

Hylidae
Species Common name Distribution Status Image
Acris blanchardi Blanchard's cricket frog Found throughout Texas, except far West Texas and the Panhandle[31]  NE   
Acris crepitans Northern cricket frog Found as far west as western Texas[32]  LC [33]  
Dryophytes arenicolor Canyon tree frog Isolated populations in arid environments and streambanks in Texas[34]  LC [35]  
Dryophytes chrysoscelis Cope's gray tree frog Documented in east-central Texas[36]  LC [37]  
Dryophytes cinereus Green tree frog Occurs throughout eastern Texas and as far south as the Rio Grande Valley[38]  LC [39]  
Hyla squirella Squirrel tree frog Found in eastern Texas[40]  LC [41]  
Dryophytes versicolor Gray tree frog Found in the eastern-central portion of the state, excluding the most eastern fifth[42]  LC [43]  
Pseudacris clarkii Spotted chorus frog Found in central Texas[44]  LC [45]
Pseudacris crucifer Spring peeper Found in eastern Texas[46]  LC [47]  
Pseudacris fouquettei Cajun chorus frog Found throughout eastern Texas[48]  LC [49]  
Pseudacris streckeri Strecker's chorus frog Found throughout eastern Texas[50][51]  LC [51]  
Smilisca baudinii Mexican tree frog Southern extreme of Texas[52]  LC [53]†  

Family Leptodactylidae edit

Leptodactylidae is a family of frogs found only in the New World. Texas encompasses part of their northern-most distribution. Medium to large frogs, they have robust hindlimbs that make them strong jumpers.[54][55]

Leptodactylidae
Species Common name Distribution Status Image
Craugastor augusti Eastern barking frog Found in western and central Texas and along the Balcones Fault; isolated populations exist in the Trans-Pecos region[56]  LC [57]  
Eleutherodactylus cystignathoides Rio Grande chirping frog Native to extreme southern Texas along the lower Rio Grande Valley in Cameron and Hildago counties[58]  LC [59]  
Eleutherodactylus guttilatus Spotted chirping frog Found in the Big Bend region[60]  LC [61]  
Eleutherodactylus marnockii Cliff chirping frog Common in rocky areas of central Texas[62]  LC [63]  
Eleutherodactylus planirostris Greenhouse frog Introduced species found on Galveston Island[64]  LC [65]  
Leptodactylus fragilis Mexican white-lipped frog Documented in the extreme southern portion of the lower Rio Grande Valley[66]  LC [67]†  

Family Microhylidae edit

Microhylidae is a family of frogs. They can often be identified by their tear-dropped shape, hence the common name "narrow-mouthed frogs".[68]

Microhylidae
Species Common name Distribution Status Image
Gastrophryne carolinensis Eastern narrowmouth frog As far west as central Texas[69]  LC [70]  
Gastrophryne olivacea Great Plains narrowmouth frog Found throughout Texas except for northern Panhandle and western extremes[71]  LC [72]  
Hypopachus variolosus Mexican narrow-mouthed frog Found in 15 counties in southern Texas[73]  LC [74]†  

Family Ranidae edit

Ranidae, true frogs, are the largest family of frogs. Members of this family, called Ranids, typically have robust hindlimbs, toe webbing, and an aquatic tadpole stage.[75]

Ranidae
Species Common name Distribution Status Image
Lithobates areolatus Crawfish frog Once found throughout eastern Texas, now limited to two populations near coast[76]  NT [77]†  
Lithobates berlandieri Rio Grande leopard frog Occur in central and western areas of the state[78]  LC [79]  
Lithobates blairi Plains leopard frog Distribution includes northern Texas[80]  LC [81]  
Lithobates catesbeianus Bullfrog Occurs throughout most of Texas[82]  LC [83]  
Lithobates clamitans Green frog Throughout eastern Texas[84]  LC [84]  
Lithobates grylio Pig frog Galveston Bay and Gulf Coastal Plain to the east[85]  LC [86]  
Lithobates palustris Pickerel frog Found throughout eastern Texas[87]  LC [88]  
Lithobates sphenocephala Southern leopard frog Common in the eastern third of Texas[89]  LC [90]  

Family Rhinophrynidae edit

Rhinophrynidae are a family of frogs containing only one extant genus, the monotypic Rhinophrynus.[91] Rhinophrynus is a burrowing ant and termite eater, hence the common name "burrowing frog".[92][93]

Rhinophrynidae
Species Common name Distribution Status Image
Rhinophrynus dorsalis Mexican burrowing toad Documented in the counties of Starr and Zapata in extreme southwestern Texas[92]  LC [94]†  

Family Scaphiopodidae edit

Scaphiopodidae are a family of frogs. Commonly called spadefoot frogs, they are often inconspicuously coloured. Members of this family are predominantly fossorial, living underground until rain arrives. To aid in digging, they have keratinized protrusions on their feet.[95]

Scaphiopodidae
Species Common name Distribution Status Image
Scaphiopus couchii Couch's spadefoot toad Central Texas[96]  LC [97]  
Scaphiopus hurterii Hurter's spadefoot toad Inhabits freshwater areas of Texan forest, shrubland, grassland, and wetlands[98]  LC [98]  
Spea bombifrons Plains spadefoot toad Found in the arid plains of northwest Texas; isolated populations also exist in south Texas[99]  LC [100]  
Spea multiplicata New Mexico spadefoot toad Found in central Texas[101]  LC [102]  

Order Urodela edit

Family Amphiumidae edit

Amphiumidae are a family of salamanders. Members of the family are known as amphiumas.[103] These large salamanders are often mistaken for eels, hence the colloquial name "conger eels".[104][105] Completely aquatic, these long salamanders can survive droughts by forming a mucous cocoon underground. They can live without food for up to three years and may live for almost 30 years.[106]

Amphiumidae
Species Common name Distribution Status Image
Amphiuma tridactylum Three-toed amphiuma Native to the eastern area of the state[107]  LC [108]  

Family Salamandridae edit

Salamandridae are a family of salamanders. Most members, called salamandrids, produce a potent toxin in their skin. Salamandrids typically have patterns of bright and contrasting colors, usually to warn potential predators of their toxicity. They have four well-developed limbs.[109][110]

Salamandridae
Species Common name Distribution Status Image
Notophthalmus meridionalis Black-spotted newt Found in southern Texas[111]  EN [112]†  
Notophthalmus viridescens Eastern newt Native to eastern Texas[113]  LC [114]  

Family Ambystomatidae edit

Ambystomatidae is a family of mostly terrestrial salamanders. Commonly called "mole salamanders", most members of this family live in rodent burrows, only emerging on rainy nights to mate and feed. These relatively large salamanders also typically have mass migrations to mating ponds.[115]

Ambystomatidae
Species Common name Distribution Status Image
Ambystoma maculatum Spotted salamander Found near stagnant water in hardwood and mixed forests[116]  LC [117]  
Ambystoma mavortium Barred tiger salamander Distributed throughout Texas except eastern quarter[118]  LC [119]  
Ambystoma opacum Marbled salamander Found throughout East Texas, from Red River south to the Gulf of Mexico[120]  LC [121]  
Ambystoma talpoideum Mole salamander Found in the Gulf Coastal Plain of east Texas[122]  LC [123]  
Ambystoma texanum Smallmouth salamander Eastern Texas[124]  LC [125]  
Ambystoma tigrinum Eastern tiger salamander Distributed throughout Texas except eastern quarter[118]  LC [126]  

Family Plethodontidae edit

Plethodontidae are a family of salamanders found mostly in the Western Hemisphere; however, some species are found in Southern Europe and South Korea. They are the largest group of salamanders.[127] Several species of salamanders are endemic to specific cave systems in Texas. Due to their small habitat and specified role, many are threatened or endangered.[128][129] In 2019, researchers associated with the University of Texas Austin and Texas Parks and Wildlife announced the discovery of an additional three species of spring and cave dwelling salamanders in the Eurycea genus that are yet to be named.[130][131]

Plethodontidae
Species Common name Distribution Status Image
Desmognathus auriculatus Southern dusky salamander As far east as the Trinity River Basin[132]  LC [133]  
Eurycea latitans Cascade Caverns salamander Endemic to the Cascade Caverns of central Texas and other cave systems in close proximity[134]  VU [135]†
Eurycea nana San Marcos salamander Found only in the San Marcos River in Hays County[136]  VU [137]†  
Eurycea naufragia Georgetown salamander Endemic to area northeast of the Colorado River in the Edwards Plateau region of central Texas[138]  EN [139]†  
Eurycea neotenes Texas salamander Spring and cave systems in the Edwards Plateau region of central Texas[140]  VU [141]†
Eurycea quadridigitata Dwarf salamander Found in eastern Texas[142]  LC [143]  
Eurycea rathbuni Texas blind salamander Only lives in water-filled caves in the Edwards Plateau in Hays County[10]  VU [144]‡  
Eurycea robusta Blanco blind salamander Unknown, single specimen found in subterranean system under Blanco River in Hays County[145]  DD [146]†
Eurycea chisholmensis Salado Springs salamander Endemic to area northeast of the Colorado River in the Edwards Plateau region of central Texas[147]  VU [148]
Eurycea sosorum Barton Springs salamander Found only at outlets of Barton Springs in Zilker Park, Austin[149]  VU [150]‡  
Eurycea tonkawae Jollyville Plateau salamander Endemic to the Buttercup Cave system near Austin[151]  EN [152]†  
Eurycea tridentifera Comal blind salamander Endemic to Honey Creek Cave in Comal County and other caves in Cibolo Sinkhole Plain[153]  VU [154]†
Eurycea troglodytes Valdina Farms salamander Endemic to springs and cave systems in the counties of Bandera, Edwards, western Kerr, Medina, Real, and Uvalde[155]  DD [156]
Eurycea waterlooensis Austin blind salamander Known only from outflows of Barton Springs in Austin[157]  VU [158]‡
Eurycea pterophila Fern bank salamander This species inhabits springs within the watershed of the Blanco River[131]  DD [159]
Plethodon albagula Western slimy salamander Disjunct, and genetically divergent, populations in central, southeastern, and northeastern Texas[160][161]  LC [162]  
Plethodon serratus Southern red-backed salamander Although there are several populations throughout the southeast US, this species is only known in Texas from a single specimen collect in Nacogdoches County in 1940[163]  LC [164]  

Family Sirenidae edit

Sirenidae are a family of aquatic salamanders only found in northern Mexico and the Southeastern United States.[165] Family members, called sirens, have very small forelimbs and lack hind limbs altogether.[166] Sirens are generally regarded as the most primitive extant salamanders.[167]

Sirenidae
Species Common name Distribution Status Image
Siren intermedia nettingi[b] Western lesser siren Found in east and southeast Texas, as well as in the Rio Grande Valley[168]  LC [169]  
Siren intermedia texana[b][c] Rio Grande lesser siren Occurs in south Texas[170]  NE †

Family Proteidae edit

Proteidae are a family of aquatic salamanders only found in North America and Europe. Some members are called mudpuppies, waterdogs, or olms. They are paedomorphic and exhibit laterally compressed tail fins and the red, filamentous external gills.[171] Only one species of Proteidae is found in Texas.

Proteidae
Species Common name Distribution Status Image
Necturus beyeri Gulf Coast waterdog Found in the Sabine River System[172]  LC [173]  

See also edit

Notes and references edit

Notes edit

^ a: Conservation status at a world level of the species according to the IUCN Red List: Conservation status – IUCN Red List of Threatened Species:

 EX  – Extinct
 EW  – Extinct in the wild
 CR  – Critically endangered
 EN  – Endangered
 VU  – Vulnerable
 NT  – Near threatened
 LC  – Least concern
 DD  – Data deficient
 NE  – Not evaluated

^ b: Both are subspecies of Siren intermedia, the lesser siren.[174]
^ c: The status of Siren intermedia texana as a distinct subspecies is contested. Some researchers have claimed that it is indistinguishable from Siren intermedia nettingi.[174]

References edit

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External links edit

January 03, 2024
list, amphibians, texas, seventy, amphibian, species, found, american, state, texas, including, forty, four, species, frog, twenty, eight, species, salamander, four, species, categorized, endangered, international, union, conservation, nature, barton, springs,. Seventy two amphibian species are found in the American state of Texas including forty four species of frog and twenty eight species of salamander Four species are categorized as endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature the Barton Springs salamander the Texas blind salamander the black spotted newt and the Houston toad Furthermore Texas law protects several native amphibians designating eleven species as threatened within the state and four others as endangered 1 2 3 Topographic map of TexasThe varied geography of Texas the second largest state hosts a variety of habitats for amphibians including swamps and the Piney Woods in the east rocky hills and limestone karst in the central Hill Country of the Edwards Plateau desert in the south and west mountains in the far west the Trans Pecos and grassland prairie in the north also known as the Panhandle This vast contrast in biomes makes Texas home to a wide variety of herpetofauna 4 5 6 The state s many rivers including the Rio Grande the Colorado River and the Trinity River also provide diverse aquatic habitats 7 8 Its central position in the United States means that species found primarily in either the western or eastern reaches of the country often have their ranges meeting in the state Additionally its proximity to Mexico is such that many species found there and into Central America also range as far north as Texas 4 Moreover the karst topography of central Texas has created spring and cave ecosystems inhabited by several endemic species 9 such as the cave dwelling Texas blind salamander 10 Contents 1 List of species 1 1 Order Anura 1 1 1 Family Bufonidae 1 1 2 Family Hylidae 1 1 3 Family Leptodactylidae 1 1 4 Family Microhylidae 1 1 5 Family Ranidae 1 1 6 Family Rhinophrynidae 1 1 7 Family Scaphiopodidae 1 2 Order Urodela 1 2 1 Family Amphiumidae 1 2 2 Family Salamandridae 1 2 3 Family Ambystomatidae 1 2 4 Family Plethodontidae 1 2 5 Family Sirenidae 1 2 6 Family Proteidae 2 See also 3 Notes and references 3 1 Notes 3 2 References 4 External linksList of species editProtected status under Texas law 2 3 Threatened EndangeredOrder Anura edit Family Bufonidae edit Bufonidae is a family of toads often called the true toads Although a widely varied family Bufonidae includes the stereotypical toad dry warty skin and shortened forelimbs and hindlimbs Bufonids also carry potent skin toxins sometimes concentrated in the parotoid gland 11 Bufonidae Species Common name Distribution Status a ImageAnaxyrus americanus American toad Occurs in northeast Texas 12 LC 13 nbsp Anaxyrus cognatus Great Plains toad Found in playa wetlands in the Great Plains area of the state 14 LC 15 nbsp Anaxyrus debilis Green toad Found in eastern Texas 16 LC 17 nbsp Anaxyrus houstonensis Houston toad Found in the southeast counties of Austin Bastrop Burleson Colorado Lee Leon Lavaca Milam and Robertson 18 EN 19 nbsp Anaxyrus punctatus Red spotted toad Found in central and western Texas 20 LC 21 nbsp Anaxyrus speciosus Texas toad Common throughout western two thirds of Texas population declining in the Rio Grande Valley 22 LC 23 nbsp Anaxyrus woodhousii Woodhouse s toad Found in central west and north Texas 24 LC 25 nbsp Incilius nebulifer Coastal plains toad Found along coastal plains formerly considered the same species as Incilius valliceps 26 LC 27 nbsp Rhinella marina Cane toad Native to extreme southern Texas invasive species in other parts of the United States 28 LC 29 nbsp Family Hylidae edit Hylidae is a family of frogs which are commonly found in the New World They may be better known as tree frogs 30 Hylidae Species Common name Distribution Status ImageAcris blanchardi Blanchard s cricket frog Found throughout Texas except far West Texas and the Panhandle 31 NE nbsp Acris crepitans Northern cricket frog Found as far west as western Texas 32 LC 33 nbsp Dryophytes arenicolor Canyon tree frog Isolated populations in arid environments and streambanks in Texas 34 LC 35 nbsp Dryophytes chrysoscelis Cope s gray tree frog Documented in east central Texas 36 LC 37 nbsp Dryophytes cinereus Green tree frog Occurs throughout eastern Texas and as far south as the Rio Grande Valley 38 LC 39 nbsp Hyla squirella Squirrel tree frog Found in eastern Texas 40 LC 41 nbsp Dryophytes versicolor Gray tree frog Found in the eastern central portion of the state excluding the most eastern fifth 42 LC 43 nbsp Pseudacris clarkii Spotted chorus frog Found in central Texas 44 LC 45 Pseudacris crucifer Spring peeper Found in eastern Texas 46 LC 47 nbsp Pseudacris fouquettei Cajun chorus frog Found throughout eastern Texas 48 LC 49 nbsp Pseudacris streckeri Strecker s chorus frog Found throughout eastern Texas 50 51 LC 51 nbsp Smilisca baudinii Mexican tree frog Southern extreme of Texas 52 LC 53 nbsp Family Leptodactylidae edit Leptodactylidae is a family of frogs found only in the New World Texas encompasses part of their northern most distribution Medium to large frogs they have robust hindlimbs that make them strong jumpers 54 55 Leptodactylidae Species Common name Distribution Status ImageCraugastor augusti Eastern barking frog Found in western and central Texas and along the Balcones Fault isolated populations exist in the Trans Pecos region 56 LC 57 nbsp Eleutherodactylus cystignathoides Rio Grande chirping frog Native to extreme southern Texas along the lower Rio Grande Valley in Cameron and Hildago counties 58 LC 59 nbsp Eleutherodactylus guttilatus Spotted chirping frog Found in the Big Bend region 60 LC 61 nbsp Eleutherodactylus marnockii Cliff chirping frog Common in rocky areas of central Texas 62 LC 63 nbsp Eleutherodactylus planirostris Greenhouse frog Introduced species found on Galveston Island 64 LC 65 nbsp Leptodactylus fragilis Mexican white lipped frog Documented in the extreme southern portion of the lower Rio Grande Valley 66 LC 67 nbsp Family Microhylidae edit Microhylidae is a family of frogs They can often be identified by their tear dropped shape hence the common name narrow mouthed frogs 68 Microhylidae Species Common name Distribution Status ImageGastrophryne carolinensis Eastern narrowmouth frog As far west as central Texas 69 LC 70 nbsp Gastrophryne olivacea Great Plains narrowmouth frog Found throughout Texas except for northern Panhandle and western extremes 71 LC 72 nbsp Hypopachus variolosus Mexican narrow mouthed frog Found in 15 counties in southern Texas 73 LC 74 nbsp Family Ranidae edit Ranidae true frogs are the largest family of frogs Members of this family called Ranids typically have robust hindlimbs toe webbing and an aquatic tadpole stage 75 Ranidae Species Common name Distribution Status ImageLithobates areolatus Crawfish frog Once found throughout eastern Texas now limited to two populations near coast 76 NT 77 nbsp Lithobates berlandieri Rio Grande leopard frog Occur in central and western areas of the state 78 LC 79 nbsp Lithobates blairi Plains leopard frog Distribution includes northern Texas 80 LC 81 nbsp Lithobates catesbeianus Bullfrog Occurs throughout most of Texas 82 LC 83 nbsp Lithobates clamitans Green frog Throughout eastern Texas 84 LC 84 nbsp Lithobates grylio Pig frog Galveston Bay and Gulf Coastal Plain to the east 85 LC 86 nbsp Lithobates palustris Pickerel frog Found throughout eastern Texas 87 LC 88 nbsp Lithobates sphenocephala Southern leopard frog Common in the eastern third of Texas 89 LC 90 nbsp Family Rhinophrynidae edit Rhinophrynidae are a family of frogs containing only one extant genus the monotypic Rhinophrynus 91 Rhinophrynus is a burrowing ant and termite eater hence the common name burrowing frog 92 93 Rhinophrynidae Species Common name Distribution Status ImageRhinophrynus dorsalis Mexican burrowing toad Documented in the counties of Starr and Zapata in extreme southwestern Texas 92 LC 94 nbsp Family Scaphiopodidae edit Scaphiopodidae are a family of frogs Commonly called spadefoot frogs they are often inconspicuously coloured Members of this family are predominantly fossorial living underground until rain arrives To aid in digging they have keratinized protrusions on their feet 95 Scaphiopodidae Species Common name Distribution Status ImageScaphiopus couchii Couch s spadefoot toad Central Texas 96 LC 97 nbsp Scaphiopus hurterii Hurter s spadefoot toad Inhabits freshwater areas of Texan forest shrubland grassland and wetlands 98 LC 98 nbsp Spea bombifrons Plains spadefoot toad Found in the arid plains of northwest Texas isolated populations also exist in south Texas 99 LC 100 nbsp Spea multiplicata New Mexico spadefoot toad Found in central Texas 101 LC 102 nbsp Order Urodela edit Family Amphiumidae edit Amphiumidae are a family of salamanders Members of the family are known as amphiumas 103 These large salamanders are often mistaken for eels hence the colloquial name conger eels 104 105 Completely aquatic these long salamanders can survive droughts by forming a mucous cocoon underground They can live without food for up to three years and may live for almost 30 years 106 Amphiumidae Species Common name Distribution Status ImageAmphiuma tridactylum Three toed amphiuma Native to the eastern area of the state 107 LC 108 nbsp Family Salamandridae edit Salamandridae are a family of salamanders Most members called salamandrids produce a potent toxin in their skin Salamandrids typically have patterns of bright and contrasting colors usually to warn potential predators of their toxicity They have four well developed limbs 109 110 Salamandridae Species Common name Distribution Status ImageNotophthalmus meridionalis Black spotted newt Found in southern Texas 111 EN 112 nbsp Notophthalmus viridescens Eastern newt Native to eastern Texas 113 LC 114 nbsp Family Ambystomatidae edit Ambystomatidae is a family of mostly terrestrial salamanders Commonly called mole salamanders most members of this family live in rodent burrows only emerging on rainy nights to mate and feed These relatively large salamanders also typically have mass migrations to mating ponds 115 Ambystomatidae Species Common name Distribution Status ImageAmbystoma maculatum Spotted salamander Found near stagnant water in hardwood and mixed forests 116 LC 117 nbsp Ambystoma mavortium Barred tiger salamander Distributed throughout Texas except eastern quarter 118 LC 119 nbsp Ambystoma opacum Marbled salamander Found throughout East Texas from Red River south to the Gulf of Mexico 120 LC 121 nbsp Ambystoma talpoideum Mole salamander Found in the Gulf Coastal Plain of east Texas 122 LC 123 nbsp Ambystoma texanum Smallmouth salamander Eastern Texas 124 LC 125 nbsp Ambystoma tigrinum Eastern tiger salamander Distributed throughout Texas except eastern quarter 118 LC 126 nbsp Family Plethodontidae edit Plethodontidae are a family of salamanders found mostly in the Western Hemisphere however some species are found in Southern Europe and South Korea They are the largest group of salamanders 127 Several species of salamanders are endemic to specific cave systems in Texas Due to their small habitat and specified role many are threatened or endangered 128 129 In 2019 researchers associated with the University of Texas Austin and Texas Parks and Wildlife announced the discovery of an additional three species of spring and cave dwelling salamanders in the Eurycea genus that are yet to be named 130 131 Plethodontidae Species Common name Distribution Status ImageDesmognathus auriculatus Southern dusky salamander As far east as the Trinity River Basin 132 LC 133 nbsp Eurycea latitans Cascade Caverns salamander Endemic to the Cascade Caverns of central Texas and other cave systems in close proximity 134 VU 135 Eurycea nana San Marcos salamander Found only in the San Marcos River in Hays County 136 VU 137 nbsp Eurycea naufragia Georgetown salamander Endemic to area northeast of the Colorado River in the Edwards Plateau region of central Texas 138 EN 139 nbsp Eurycea neotenes Texas salamander Spring and cave systems in the Edwards Plateau region of central Texas 140 VU 141 Eurycea quadridigitata Dwarf salamander Found in eastern Texas 142 LC 143 nbsp Eurycea rathbuni Texas blind salamander Only lives in water filled caves in the Edwards Plateau in Hays County 10 VU 144 nbsp Eurycea robusta Blanco blind salamander Unknown single specimen found in subterranean system under Blanco River in Hays County 145 DD 146 Eurycea chisholmensis Salado Springs salamander Endemic to area northeast of the Colorado River in the Edwards Plateau region of central Texas 147 VU 148 Eurycea sosorum Barton Springs salamander Found only at outlets of Barton Springs in Zilker Park Austin 149 VU 150 nbsp Eurycea tonkawae Jollyville Plateau salamander Endemic to the Buttercup Cave system near Austin 151 EN 152 nbsp Eurycea tridentifera Comal blind salamander Endemic to Honey Creek Cave in Comal County and other caves in Cibolo Sinkhole Plain 153 VU 154 Eurycea troglodytes Valdina Farms salamander Endemic to springs and cave systems in the counties of Bandera Edwards western Kerr Medina Real and Uvalde 155 DD 156 Eurycea waterlooensis Austin blind salamander Known only from outflows of Barton Springs in Austin 157 VU 158 Eurycea pterophila Fern bank salamander This species inhabits springs within the watershed of the Blanco River 131 DD 159 Plethodon albagula Western slimy salamander Disjunct and genetically divergent populations in central southeastern and northeastern Texas 160 161 LC 162 nbsp Plethodon serratus Southern red backed salamander Although there are several populations throughout the southeast US this species is only known in Texas from a single specimen collect in Nacogdoches County in 1940 163 LC 164 nbsp Family Sirenidae edit Sirenidae are a family of aquatic salamanders only found in northern Mexico and the Southeastern United States 165 Family members called sirens have very small forelimbs and lack hind limbs altogether 166 Sirens are generally regarded as the most primitive extant salamanders 167 Sirenidae Species Common name Distribution Status ImageSiren intermedia nettingi b Western lesser siren Found in east and southeast Texas as well as in the Rio Grande Valley 168 LC 169 nbsp Siren intermedia texana b c Rio Grande lesser siren Occurs in south Texas 170 NE Family Proteidae edit Proteidae are a family of aquatic salamanders only found in North America and Europe Some members are called mudpuppies waterdogs or olms They are paedomorphic and exhibit laterally compressed tail fins and the red filamentous external gills 171 Only one species of Proteidae is found in Texas Proteidae Species Common name Distribution Status ImageNecturus beyeri Gulf Coast waterdog Found in the Sabine River System 172 LC 173 nbsp See also edit nbsp Texas portal nbsp Amphibians portal nbsp Ecology portal nbsp Environment portalGeography of Texas List of birds of Texas List of mammals of Texas List of reptiles of TexasNotes and references editNotes edit a Conservation status at a world level of the species according to the IUCN Red List Conservation status IUCN Red List of Threatened Species EX Extinct EW Extinct in the wild CR Critically endangered EN Endangered VU Vulnerable NT Near threatened LC Least concern DD Data deficient NE Not evaluated b Both are subspecies of Siren intermedia the lesser siren 174 c The status of Siren intermedia texana as a distinct subspecies is contested Some researchers have claimed that it is indistinguishable from Siren intermedia nettingi 174 References edit Federal and State Listed Amphibians and Reptiles in Texas Texas Parks amp Wildlife Department Archived from the original on March 9 2020 Retrieved September 13 2020 a b 31 TAC 65 175 State Listed Threatened Species in Texas PDF Government of Texas Archived PDF from the original on September 27 2020 Retrieved September 13 2020 a b 31 TAC 65 176 Endangered Species PDF Government of Texas Archived PDF from the original on September 27 2020 Retrieved September 13 2020 a b Texas Ecoregions Texas Parks amp Wildlife Department Archived from the original on November 5 2020 Retrieved October 3 2020 Native Habitats amp Ecosystems National Audubon Society 17 December 2015 Archived from the original on March 16 2018 Retrieved October 3 2020 Ecoregion Download Files by State Region 6 Environmental Protection Agency 9 March 2016 Archived from the original on July 25 2020 Retrieved October 3 2020 Texas River Guide Texas Parks amp Wildlife Department Archived from the original on September 29 2020 Retrieved October 3 2020 Texas National Wild and Scenic Rivers System Archived from the original on October 2 2018 Retrieved October 3 2020 Overview of Texas Caves amp Karst Texas Speleological Survey Archived from the original on September 21 2019 Retrieved October 3 2020 a b Texas Blind Salamander Eurycea rathbuni Texas Parks amp Wildlife Department Archived from the original on September 10 2020 Retrieved September 12 2020 Bufonidae AmphibiaWeb University of California Berkeley Archived from the original on September 24 2020 Retrieved October 3 2020 Anaxyrus americanus AmphibiaWeb University of California Berkeley Archived from the original on December 22 2019 Retrieved September 14 2020 IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group 2015 Anaxyrus americanus IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015 e T54570A56843565 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2015 4 RLTS T54570A56843565 en Anaxyrus cognatus AmphibiaWeb University of California Berkeley Archived from the original on January 9 2017 Retrieved September 14 2020 IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group 2015 Anaxyrus cognatus IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015 e T54612A53949260 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2015 4 RLTS T54612A53949260 en Anaxyrus debilis AmphibiaWeb University of California Berkeley Archived from the original on October 24 2020 Retrieved September 14 2020 Hammerson G Santos Barrera G 2004 Anaxyrus debilis IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004 e T54626A11177308 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2004 RLTS T54626A11177308 en Houston Toad Anaxyrus houstonensis Texas Parks amp Wildlife Department Archived from the original on March 9 2020 Retrieved September 13 2020 Hammerson G Shepard D 2004 Anaxyrus houstonensis IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004 e T3170A9651352 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2004 RLTS T3170A9651352 en Anaxyrus punctatus AmphibiaWeb University of California Berkeley Archived from the original on June 1 2017 Retrieved September 14 2020 Hammerson G Santos Barrera G 2010 Anaxyrus punctatus IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2010 e T54739A11197415 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2010 2 RLTS T54739A11197415 en Anaxyrus speciosus AmphibiaWeb University of California Berkeley Archived from the original on April 8 2018 Retrieved September 14 2020 Hammerson G Santos Barrera G 2004 Anaxyrus speciosus IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004 e T54761A11186095 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2004 RLTS T54761A11186095 en Woodhouse s Toad Herps of Texas Archived from the original on February 22 2020 Retrieved September 18 2020 Hammerson G Santos Barrera G 2004 Anaxyrus woodhousii IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004 e T54798A11195037 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2004 RLTS T54798A11195037 en Incilius valliceps AmphibiaWeb University of California Berkeley Archived from the original on April 2 2016 Retrieved September 14 2020 Hammerson G Canseco Marquez Luis 2004 Incilius nebulifer IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004 e T54714A11190630 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2004 RLTS T54714A11190630 en Rhinella marina United States Geological Survey Archived from the original on May 13 2020 Retrieved September 14 2020 Solis F Ibanez R Hammerson G Hedges B Diesmos A Matsui M Hero J Richards S Coloma L Ron S La Marca E Hardy J Powell R Bolanos F Chaves G Ponce P 2009 Rhinella marina IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2009 e T41065A10382424 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2009 2 RLTS T41065A10382424 en Hylidae AmphibiaWeb University of California Berkeley Archived from the original on May 3 2020 Retrieved September 13 2020 Northern Cricket Frog Acris crepitans US Geological Survey Archived from the original on May 27 2012 Retrieved September 15 2020 Acris crepitans AmphibiaWeb University of California Berkeley Archived from the original on September 16 2020 Retrieved September 15 2020 Hammerson G Santos Barrera G Church D 2004 Acris crepitans IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004 e T55286A11272584 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2004 RLTS T55286A11272584 en Hyla arenicolor AmphibiaWeb University of California Berkeley Archived from the original on October 27 2020 Retrieved October 2 2020 Hammerson G A Santos Barrera G 2017 2010 Dryophytes arenicolor IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2010 e T55396A112711835 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2017 1 RLTS T55396A112711835 en volume doi mismatch Hyla chrysoscelis AmphibiaWeb University of California Berkeley Archived from the original on April 3 2016 Retrieved September 19 2020 IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group 2017 Dryophytes chrysoscelis IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017 e 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Threatened Species 2010 e T56744A11529774 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2010 2 RLTS T56744A11529774 en Greenhouse Frog Herps of Texas Archived from the original on January 21 2020 Retrieved October 9 2020 Hedges B Diaz L Powell R 2004 Eleutherodactylus planirostris IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004 e T56864A11534006 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2004 RLTS T56864A11534006 en Leptodactylus fragilis AmphibiaWeb University of California Berkeley Archived from the original on October 11 2019 Retrieved September 19 2020 Heyer R Acosta Galvis A Mijares A Solis F Ibanez R Hammerson G Savage J Wilson L D Bolanos F Chaves G Sunyer J 2010 Leptodactylus fragilis IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2010 e T57127A11587519 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2010 2 RLTS T57127A11587519 en Microhylidae AmphibiaWeb University of California Berkeley Archived from the original on August 19 2020 Retrieved October 3 2020 IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group 2014 Gastrophryne carolinensis IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2014 e 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November 3 2020 Retrieved October 10 2020 Amphiuma tridactylum United States Geological Survey Archived from the original on June 6 2017 Retrieved September 12 2020 Hammerson G 2004 Amphiuma tridactylum IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004 e T59076A11879742 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2004 RLTS T59076A11879742 en Lanza B Vanni S Nistri A 1998 Cogger H G Zweifel R G eds Encyclopedia of Reptiles and Amphibians San Diego Academic Press pp 73 74 ISBN 9780121785604 Salamandridae Amphibiaweb University of California Berkeley Archived from the original on April 10 2020 Retrieved October 7 2020 Notophthalmus meridionalis AmphibiaWeb University of California Berkeley Archived from the original on September 25 2017 Retrieved September 12 2020 Parra Olea G Wake D Hammerson G A Flores Villela O Irwin K 2008 Notophthalmus meridionalis IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2008 e T59452A11944420 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2008 RLTS T59452A11944420 en Notophthalmus viridescen United States Geological Survey Archived from the original on December 5 2020 Retrieved September 12 2020 IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group 2015 Notophthalmus viridescens IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015 e T59453A78906143 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2015 4 RLTS T59453A78906143 en Ambystomatidae AmphibiaWeb University of California Berkeley Archived from the original on October 9 2020 Retrieved October 7 2020 Spotted Salamander National Wildlife Federation Archived from the original on August 3 2020 Retrieved September 12 2020 IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group 2015 Ambystoma maculatum IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015 e T59064A56540295 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2015 4 RLTS T59064A56540295 en a b Barred Tiger Salamander Ambystoma tigrinum mavortium Texas Parks amp Wildlife Department Archived from the original on May 2 2020 Retrieved September 12 2020 IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group 2015 Ambystoma mavortium IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015 e T199970A2623523 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2015 4 RLTS T199970A2623523 en Marbled Salamander Ambystoma opacum Texas Parks amp Wildlife Department Archived from the original on March 9 2020 Retrieved September 12 2020 Hammerson G 2004 Ambystoma opacum IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004 e T59065A11864879 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2004 RLTS T59065A11864879 en Ambystoma talpoideum AmphibiaWeb University of California Berkeley Archived from the original on December 5 2020 Retrieved September 12 2020 Hammerson G 2004 Ambystoma talpoideum IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004 e T59069A11878224 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2004 RLTS T59069A11878224 en Ambystoma texanum AmphibiaWeb University of California Berkeley Archived from the original on September 26 2020 Retrieved September 12 2020 IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group 2015 Ambystoma texanum IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015 e T59071A56561668 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2015 4 RLTS T59071A56561668 en IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group 2015 Ambystoma tigrinum IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015 e T83293207A3076038 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2015 4 RLTS T83293207A3076038 en Wake David B 2012 Taxonomy of Salamanders of the Family Plethodontidae Amphibia Caudata PDF University of California Berkeley Archived PDF from the original on March 18 2016 Retrieved September 12 2020 Salamanders AustinTexas gov Archived from the original on September 27 2020 Retrieved September 13 2020 Central Texas Salamanders Including Newly Identified Species At Risk of Extinction UT News University of Texas at Austin January 14 2019 Archived from the original on August 9 2020 Retrieved September 13 2020 Scientists Discover Three New Species Of Salamander In Central Texas KUT Radio Austin s NPR Station 2019 01 15 Retrieved 2023 02 22 a b Hillis David Cannatella David Devitt Thomas Wright April September 4 2015 Genomic Assessment of Taxonomic Status of Central Texas Eurycea Salamanders PDF Eurycea Final Report Desmognathus auriculatus AmphibiaWeb University of California Berkeley Archived from the original on September 15 2017 Retrieved September 13 2020 Hammerson G 2004 Desmognathus auriculatus IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004 e T59245A11905977 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2004 RLTS T59245A11905977 en Eurycea latitans AmphibiaWeb University of California Berkeley Archived from the original on December 5 2020 Retrieved September 12 2020 Hammerson G Chippindale P 2004 Eurycea latitans IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004 e T59267A11895685 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2004 RLTS T59267A11895685 en San Marcos Salamander Eurycea nana Texas Parks amp Wildlife Department Archived from the original on September 10 2020 Retrieved September 12 2020 Hammerson G Chippindale P 2004 Eurycea nana IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004 e T8391A12909269 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2004 RLTS T8391A12909269 en Eurycea naufragia AmphibiaWeb University of California Berkeley Archived from the original on April 3 2016 Retrieved October 9 2020 Hammerson G Chippindale P 2004 Eurycea naufragia IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004 e T59271A11908207 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2004 RLTS T59271A11908207 en Eurycea neotenes AmphibiaWeb University of California Berkeley Archived from the original on December 5 2020 Retrieved September 12 2020 Hammerson G Chippindale P 2004 Eurycea neotenes IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004 e T59272A11908327 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2004 RLTS T59272A11908327 en Eurycea quadridigitata AmphibiaWeb University of California Berkeley Archived from the original on September 15 2017 Retrieved September 12 2020 Hammerson G 2004 Eurycea quadridigitata IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004 e T59274A11908511 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2004 RLTS T59274A11908511 en Hammerson G Chippindale P 2004 Eurycea rathbuni IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004 e T39262A10173274 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2004 RLTS T39262A10173274 en Eurycea robusta AmphibiaWeb University of California Berkeley Archived from the original on December 5 2020 Retrieved September 13 2020 Hammerson G Chippindale P 2004 Eurycea robusta IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004 e T39263A10173057 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2004 RLTS T39263A10173057 en Eurycea chisholmensis AmphibiaWeb University of California Berkeley Archived from the original on December 5 2020 Retrieved October 9 2020 Hammerson G Chippindale P 2004 Eurycea chisholmensis IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004 e T59263A11894535 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2004 RLTS T59263A11894535 en Barton Springs Salamander Eurycea sosorum Texas Parks amp Wildlife Department Archived from the original on September 10 2020 Retrieved September 12 2020 Hammerson G Chippindale P 2004 Eurycea sosorum IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004 e T8392A12909469 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2004 RLTS T8392A12909469 en Jollyville Salamander Frequently Asked Questions Austintexas gov Archived from the original on September 24 2020 Retrieved September 13 2020 Hammerson G Chippindale P 2004 Eurycea tonkawae IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004 e T59275A11908615 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2004 RLTS T59275A11908615 en Eurycea robusta AmphibiaWeb University of California Berkeley Archived from the original on December 5 2020 Retrieved September 13 2020 Hammerson G Chippindale P 2004 Eurycea tridentifera IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004 e T8393A12909608 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2004 RLTS T8393A12909608 en Eurycea troglodytes AmphibiaWeb University of California Berkeley Archived from the original on December 5 2020 Retrieved September 12 2020 Hammerson G 2004 Eurycea troglodytes IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004 e T59276A11908740 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2004 RLTS T59276A11908740 en Eurycea waterlooensis AmphibiaWeb University of California Berkeley Archived from the original on June 10 2015 Retrieved September 13 2020 Hammerson G 2004 Eurycea waterlooensis IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004 e T59278A11896000 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2004 RLTS T59278A11896000 en Geoffrey Hammerson 2004 Eurycea pterophila IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004 e T59273A11908424 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2004 RLTS T59273A11908424 en Retrieved 16 November 2021 Plethodon albagula AmphibiaWeb University of California Berkeley Archived from the original on February 20 2020 Retrieved September 12 2020 Baird Amy B Krejca Jean K Reddell James R Peden Colin E Mahoney Meredith J Hillis David M 2006 Phylogeographic Structure and Color Pattern Variation among Populations of Plethodon albagula on the Edwards Plateau of Central Texas Copeia American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists 2006 4 760 761 doi 10 1643 0045 8511 2006 6 760 PSACPV 2 0 CO 2 JSTOR 4126540 S2CID 44222340 Hammerson G A 2008 Plethodon albagula IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2008 e T59329A11919068 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2008 RLTS T59329A11919068 en Southern Red backed Salamander Herps of Texas Archived from the original on February 21 2020 Retrieved October 9 2020 The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2014 Plethodon serratus IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2014 e T59354A56338786 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2014 1 RLTS T59354A56338786 en Lanza B Vanni S amp Nistri A 1998 Cogger H G amp Zweifel R G ed Encyclopedia of Reptiles and Amphibians San Diego Academic Press pp 69 70 ISBN 0 12 178560 2 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Lanza B Vanni S amp Nistri A 1998 Cogger H G amp Zweifel R G ed Encyclopedia of Reptiles and Amphibians San Diego Academic Press pp 69 70 ISBN 0 12 178560 2 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Lesser Siren Siren intermedia Savannah River Ecology Laboratory University of Georgia Archived from the original on November 27 2011 Retrieved September 12 2020 Western lesser siren Southwestern Center for Herpetological Research Archived from the original on June 5 2019 Retrieved September 12 2020 Parra Olea G Wake D Hammerson G A 2008 Lesser Siren IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2008 e T59491A11936674 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2008 RLTS T59491A11936674 en Kline R J Carreon L B Population genetics of the threatened South Texas Siren large form SP1 PDF Report Texas Parks amp Wildlife Department p 2 Archived PDF from the original on September 7 2019 Retrieved September 12 2020 Proteidae AmphibiaWeb University of California Berkeley Archived from the original on April 19 2019 Retrieved September 18 2020 Sanders Ottys September 13 1948 Necturus and Amphiuma in Texas Herpetologica 4 5 167 168 JSTOR 27669604 IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group 2014 Necturus beyeri IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2014 e T59431A64726751 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2014 3 RLTS T59431A64726751 en a b Sickler Stephanie Siren intermedia Animal Diversity Web University of Michigan Museum of Zoology Archived from the original on July 30 2020 Retrieved September 12 2020 External links editEndangered and Threatened Species found in Texas References for Amphibian Identification provided by the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title List of amphibians of Texas amp oldid 1183563882, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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