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Wikipedia

Kim Kardashian

January 09, 2023

"Kim K" redirects here. For the Belgian singer, see Kim Kay.

Kimberly Noel Kardashian (born October 21, 1980) is an American socialite, media personality, and businesswoman. She first gained media attention as a friend and stylist of Paris Hilton, but received wider notice after the sex tape Kim Kardashian, Superstar, shot in 2003 with her then-boyfriend Ray J, was released in 2007.[1] Later that year, she and her family began to appear in the E! reality television series Keeping Up with the Kardashians (2007–2021). Its success led to the formation of the spin-off series Kourtney and Kim Take New York (2011–2012), Kourtney and Kim Take Miami (2009–2013), and Hulu's The Kardashians (2022).

Kim Kardashian
Kardashian at the White House in 2020
Born
Kimberly Noel Kardashian

(1980-10-21) October 21, 1980 (age 42)
Los Angeles, California, U.S.
Other namesKim Kardashian West
Occupations
  • Socialite
  • media personality
  • businesswoman
Years active2003–present
Spouses
  • ​
    ​
    (m. 2000; div. 2004)​
  • ​
    ​
    (m. 2011; div. 2013)​
  • ​
    ​
    (m. 2014; div. 2022)​
Children4
Parents
FamilyKardashian family
Signature

Kardashian has developed a significant presence online and across numerous social media platforms, including hundreds of millions of followers on Twitter and Instagram.[2][3][4] With sisters Kourtney and Khloé, she launched the fashion boutique chain Dash, which operated from 2006 to 2018.[5] Kardashian founded KKW Beauty and KKW Fragrance in 2017,[6] and the shaping underwear or foundation garment company Skims in 2019.[7] She has released a variety of products tied to her name, including the 2014 mobile game Kim Kardashian: Hollywood and the 2015 photo book Selfish. As an actress, she has appeared in the films Disaster Movie (2008), Deep in the Valley (2009), and Temptation: Confessions of a Marriage Counselor (2013), and provided her voice for PAW Patrol: The Movie (2021).

Time magazine included Kardashian on their list of 2015's 100 most influential people. Both critics and admirers have described her as exemplifying the notion of being famous for being famous.[8] She is estimated to be worth US$1.8 billion, as of 2022.[9] Kardashian has become more politically active by lobbying for prison reform and clemency,[10] and is currently under a four-year law apprenticeship supervised by the legal nonprofit #cut50.[11][12] Her relationship with rapper Kanye West has also received significant media coverage; they were married from 2014 to 2022 and have four children together.[13]

Early life and education

Kimberly Noel Kardashian was born on October 21, 1980, in Los Angeles, California, to Robert and Kris Kardashian (née Houghton).[14] She has an older sister, Kourtney, a younger sister, Khloé, and a younger brother, Rob.[15] Their mother is of Dutch, English, Irish, and Scottish ancestry,[16] while their father was a third-generation Armenian-American.[17] In 1991, their parents divorced and their mother married Bruce Jenner,[a] the 1976 Summer Olympics decathlon winner.[19] As a result of her mother's remarriage, Kim Kardashian acquired step-brothers Burton "Burt", Brandon, and Brody; a step-sister, Casey; and later two half-sisters, Kendall and Kylie Jenner.[20]

Kardashian attended Marymount High School, a Roman Catholic all-girls school in Los Angeles.[21] In 1994, her father represented football player O. J. Simpson during his murder trial. Simpson is Kardashian's godfather.[22] Kardashian's father died in 2003 of cancer.[23] In her teenage years, Kardashian was a close friend of Nicole Richie and Paris Hilton, through whom she first garnered media attention.[2][24] After totaling her car at age 16, her father agreed to buy her a new one on condition that she agree to be responsible for paying all expenses related to any future damages.[25] She subsequently began working at Body, a local clothing store in Encino, California, where she worked for four years, assisting in the opening of the Calabasas location. In 2000, after entering into her first marriage, she resigned.[26]

Career

Beginnings (2003–2006)

By 2003, Kardashian was working as a personal stylist to the R&B singer and actress, Brandy, the sister of Ray J. Later, the siblings' mother (and manager) Sonja Norwood, alleged that in 2004 she had authorized Kardashian to make "one and only one" purchase on her American Express credit card and that nevertheless Kardashian and her sisters Khloé and Kourtney had incurred over $120,000 in unauthorized charges to that card. Norwood also alleged that the bulk of the charges were attributable to purchases made at Kardashian's family-owned boutique in 2006 and 2007, after Kardashian was no longer employed by Norwood's daughter. Norwood further alleged that, at the request of her children, she did not file criminal charges, instead presenting her allegations personally to Kardashian, and that Kardashian apologized and promised to repay the debt. In 2008, no payments having been forthcoming, Norwood filed a lawsuit. Kardashian has denied all these allegations. In 2009, the parties reportedly reached a confidential settlement, and the lawsuit was dismissed.[27][28]

In 2006, Kardashian had begun working as a stylist for Paris Hilton, a childhood friend of hers. She appeared in several episodes of the reality series The Simple Life and was frequently photographed accompanying Hilton to events and parties.[29][30] Sheeraz Hasan, a PR strategist working with Hilton, had previously met Kardashian and her mother Kris Jenner in 2005, and stated in a 2020 20/20 television special that Kardashian was "ready to do whatever it takes" to create a successful brand. Rick Mendozza, a freelance photographer on assignment for the tabloid TMZ, remarked in the same interview that, when Kardashian accompanied Hilton to Hyde, which was a Hollywood hotspot at the time, he continued to get assignments from tabloids to get photographs of Kardashian for the next three years.[31] In 2021, Kardashian said that Hilton "literally gave me a career. And I totally acknowledge that."[32]

Breakthrough (2007–2010)

 
Kardashian in 2007

In February 2007, a sex tape made by Kardashian and Ray J in 2003 was leaked.[33][34] Kardashian filed a lawsuit against Vivid Entertainment, who distributed the film as Kim Kardashian, Superstar. She later dropped the suit and settled for a reported US$5 million, allowing Vivid to release the tape.[1] Several media outlets later criticized her and the family for using the sex tape's release as a publicity stunt to promote their forthcoming reality show.[35][36] In October 2007, Kardashian and her mother, Kris Jenner, her step-parent Caitlyn Jenner, her siblings Kourtney, Khloé, and Rob Kardashian, and half-sisters Kendall and Kylie Jenner, began to appear in the reality television series Keeping Up with the Kardashians.[37] The series proved successful for E!, and led to the creation of a number of spin-offs, including Kourtney and Kim Take New York and Kourtney and Kim Take Miami.[38] The flagship series concluded in 2021 after 294 episodes.

Kardashian posed in a nude pictorial for the December 2007 issue of Playboy.[39][40] She made her feature film debut, opposite Carmen Electra, in the disaster film spoof Disaster Movie (2008), in which she appeared as a character named Lisa.[41][42] In 2008, she was a participant on season seven of Dancing with the Stars, where she was partnered with Mark Ballas.[43] She was the third contestant to be eliminated.[44] In September 2009, Fusion Beauty and Seven Bar Foundation launched "Kiss Away Poverty", with Kardashian as the face of the campaign. For each LipFusion lipgloss sold, US$1 went to the Foundation to fund women entrepreneurs in the United States.[45] In October, she launched her first fragrance, self-titled "Kim Kardashian".[46][47] That year, she also released a workout DVD series, became a guest host–judge of WrestleMania XXIV on America's Next Top Model,[48][49][50][51] and guest-starred in How I Met Your Mother, Beyond the Break,[52] and CBS's CSI: NY.[53][54]

 
Kardashian at an event for The Heart Truth in 2010

By 2010, Kardashian had ventured into several new endorsement deals, including endorsing various food products for Carl's Jr.[55][56] On July 1, 2010, the New York City branch of Madame Tussauds revealed a wax figure of Kardashian.[57] Kim, Kourtney, and Khloé wrote an autobiography titled Kardashian Konfidential, which was released in stores on November 23, 2010, and appeared on New York Times's Best Seller List.[58] In December 2010, she filmed a music video for a song titled "Jam (Turn It Up)". The video was directed by Hype Williams; Kanye West makes a cameo in the video.[59] Kardashian premiered the song during a New Year's Eve party at TAO Las Vegas on December 31, 2010.[60] The song was produced by The-Dream and Tricky Stewart. When asked if an album was in the works, Kardashian replied, "There's no album in the works or anything—just one song we did for Kourtney and Kim Take New York, and a video Hype Williams directed, half of the proceeds we're giving away to a cancer foundation, because The-Dream's and one of my parents passed away from cancer. It's just all having fun—with a good cause".[61] Jim Farber, writing for the Daily News, called the song a "dead-brained piece of generic dance music, without a single distinguishing feature", and suggested that the single made Kardashian the "worst singer in the reality TV universe".[62]

In 2010, Kardashian also served as producer for The Spin Crowd, a reality television show about a New York City public relations firm run by Jonathan Cheban and Simon Huck, appeared on season ten of The Apprentice,[63][64] and guest starred with Khloé and Kourtney as themselves on the season three premiere episode of the series 90210.[65] The International Business Times reported that Kardashian's 2010 earnings were the highest among Hollywood-based reality stars, estimating them at $6 million.[66][67]

Continued exposure (2011–2016)

In 2011, Kardashian released her third fragrance, "Gold",[46] as well as a novel, Dollhouse, along with sisters Kourtney and Khloe.[68] In 2012, E! renewed Keeping Up with the Kardashians for two additional seasons, in a deal reported to be worth $50 million.[69][70] That year, Kardashian released her fourth fragrance, "True Reflection", which she worked with the company Dress for Success to promote,[71] and her fifth fragrance, "Glam", which was made available through Debenhams.[72] In Temptation: Confessions of a Marriage Counselor (2013), a romantic drama produced, written, and directed by Tyler Perry, Kardashian obtained the role of the co-worker of an ambitious therapist. While the film was a moderate box office success, with a worldwide gross of US$53.1 million,[73] critical response was negative and Kardashian won the Razzie Award for Worst Supporting Actress.

 
Kardashian in September 2014

Kardashian released Kim Kardashian: Hollywood, a mobile game for iPhone and Android, in June 2014. The objective of the game is to become a Hollywood star or starlet.[74] The game supports a free to play model, meaning the game is free to download, but charges for in-game items.[75] It was a hit, earning US$1.6 million in its first five days of release.[75] In July, developer Glu Mobile announced that the game was the fifth highest earning game in Apple's App Store.[75] She voiced an alien in the September 21, 2014 episode of the adult animated series American Dad!.[76][77]

Kardashian appeared on the cover and in a pictorial in Paper's winter 2014 issue, photographed by Jean-Paul Goude.[78] On the cover, her nude buttocks are featured above the caption: "Break the Internet", which generated considerable comment in both social and traditional media.[79][80] A Time magazine writer commented that, unlike previous celebrities' nudes that represented the women's rebellion against repressed society and "trying to tear down" barriers, Kardashian's exhibition was "just provocation and bluster, repeated images that seem to offer us some sort of truth or insight but are really just self serving. We want there to be something more, some reason or context, some great explanation that tells us what it is like to live in this very day and age, but there is not. Kim Kardashian's ass is nothing but an empty promise."[81] However, the stunt "set a new benchmark" in social media response,[82] and Paper's website received 15.9 million views in one day, compared with 25,000 views on an average day.[83][84]

Kardashian released a portfolio book called Selfish, a 325-page collection of self-taken photos of herself, in May 2015.[85] It received positive reviews from critics,[86] with Kat Brown of The Telegraph describing it as "unexpectedly revealing" and "oddly moving".[87] That year, she was also the cover model for the August issue of Vogue Spain,[88] and released an emoji pack for iOS devices called Kimoji.[89] The app was a best-seller, becoming one of the top 5 most bought apps in its first week of release.[89]

By November 2016, as per CBC Marketplace and interviews with celebrity endorsement experts, Kardashian was reportedly paid at least US$300,000 for each post that she made on Instagram, Facebook and Twitter, endorsing beauty products like waist trainers, teeth whiteners as well as Coca-Cola and well-known charities.[90] Business Insider later estimated her fee to be around US$720,000 per Instagram post. Even though engagement data indicates that her posts are worth slightly less,[91] her regular features in the news allows her to demand a premium above any calculated Instagram sponsored post price.

Business ventures (2017–present)

With sisters Kourtney and Khloé, she launched the fashion boutique chain Dash with an initial store in Calabasas, California.[48] The chain operated between 2006 and 2018.[92]

In 2017, Kardashian launched both her beauty and fragrance lines, KKW Beauty and KKW Fragrance.[93][94] She made a cameo appearance in the heist film Ocean's 8, which was released on June 8, 2018.[95][96]

After announcing a new range of shapewear called Kimono in June 2019, Kardashian was heavily criticized over the name of the brand, which critics argued disrespected Japanese culture and ignored the significance behind the traditional outfit. Following the launch of the range, the hashtag #KimOhNo began trending on Twitter and the mayor of Kyoto wrote to Kardashian to ask her to reconsider the trademark on Kimono. In response to public pressure, she announced that she would change the name.[97] However, Japanese trade minister Hiroshige Seko stated that he would still be dispatching patent officials for a meeting at the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, and that Japan would keep an eye on the situation.[98] In August 2019, she changed and rebranded the shapewear company to the name Skims,[99][100] officially launching the following month on its own digital store[101] and later made available on various other websites (such as online stores of SSENSE, David Jones, Net-a-Porter, Ounass).[102]

In February 2020, under a retail partnership with Nordstrom, Skims' products were made available to shop exclusively at the chain's stores across the United States.[103][104] The company has also expanded into lingerie, bodysuits, loungewear, dresses, and winterwear.[105] Since 2021, Skims has opened various pop-up stores in the United States, Europe and Asia.[106] In June 2021, Kardashian revealed the brand entered into a partnership with the US Olympics team under which the company would provide undergarments, loungewear and pajamas and other clothing items with American flags and the Olympics rings with a Team USA branding printed on them to the team's female athletes at the 2020 Summer Olympics and Paralympics.[107] The athletes also wore Skims' clothing at the 2022 Winter Olympics,[108] and were featured in the brand's campaign for a capsule collection launched ahead of the event, in collaboration with the United States' Winter Olympics delegation.[109] In November 2021, luxury fashion house Fendi released a capsule collection in collaboration with Skims, consisting of a range of shapewear, leather dresses, and bodysuits.[110] That month, Kardashian was honored with the Brand Innovator award, for her work on Skims, at the 2021 WSJ. Innovator Awards.[111] In January 2022, it was reported that her company stood at a valuation of US$3.2 billion.[112]

Kardashian hosted Saturday Night Live in October 2021 and in her monologue, she made fun of her estranged-husband Kanye West, her mother's ex-husband Caitlyn Jenner, her sisters, O. J. Simpson and others.[113]

In January 2022, in a class-action lawsuit filed against the cryptocurrency company EthereumMax that alleged the company is a pump and dump scheme, Kardashian was named as a defendant along with former professional boxer Floyd Mayweather Jr., former NBA player Paul Pierce, and other celebrities for promoting the EthereumMax token on their social media accounts.[114] In October 2022, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission announced that Kardashian had agreed to pay a $1.26 million fine, to not promote cryptocurrency assets for three years, and to cooperate with an ongoing investigation without admitting or denying wrongdoing for failing to report receiving a $250,000 payment to promote the EthereumMax token.[115] In December 2022, Central California U.S. District Court Judge Michael W. Fitzgerald dismissed the lawsuit on the basis that the claims were insufficiently supported given heightened pleading standards for fraud.[116]

In April 2022, Kardashian founded Skky Partners, a private equity firm, with a former partner of the Carlyle Group. Her mother, Kris Jenner, is also a partner at the firm.[117] In July 2022, she made her Paris Fashion Week modeling debut on the catwalk for fashion house Balenciaga, along with Nicole Kidman, Dua Lipa, and Christine Quinn (from the reality television series Selling Sunset).[118]

Personal life

Relationships

 
Kardashian with then-husband Kanye West at the Met Gala in 2019

In 2000, 19-year-old Kardashian eloped with music producer Damon Thomas.[119] Thomas filed for divorce in 2003. Kardashian later blamed their separation on physical and emotional abuse on his part[120] and said she was high on ecstasy during their wedding ceremony.[121] Before her divorce was finalized, Kardashian began dating singer Ray J.[119]

In May 2011, Kardashian became engaged to NBA player Kris Humphries, then of the New Jersey Nets, whom she had been dating since October 2010.[122] They were married in a wedding ceremony on August 20 in Montecito, California.[123] Earlier that month, she had released her "wedding fragrance" called "Kim Kardashian Love" which coincided with her own wedding.[46][124] A two-part TV special showing the preparations and the wedding itself aired on E! in early October 2011, amidst what The Washington Post called a "media blitz" related to the wedding.[125] After 72 days of marriage, she filed for divorce from Humphries on October 31, citing irreconcilable differences.[126]

Several news outlets surmised that Kardashian's marriage to Humphries was merely a publicity stunt to promote the Kardashian family's brand and their subsequent television ventures.[127] A man professing to be her former publicist, Jonathan Jaxson, also claimed that her short-lived marriage was indeed staged and a ploy to generate money. Kardashian filed a suit against Jaxson, saying his claims were untrue, and subsequently settled the case that included an apology from Jaxson.[128] A widely circulated petition asking to remove all Kardashian-related programming from the air followed the split.[129] The divorce was subject to widespread media attention.[130]

Kardashian began dating rapper and longtime friend Kanye West in April 2012, while still legally married to Humphries.[131] Her divorce was finalized on June 3, 2013,[132] Kardashian and West became engaged on October 21, Kardashian's 33rd birthday,[133] and married on May 24, 2014, at Forte di Belvedere in Florence, Italy.[134] Her wedding dress was designed by Riccardo Tisci of Givenchy[135] with some guests' dresses designed by designer Michael Costello.[136] The couple's high status and respective careers have resulted in their relationship becoming subject to heavy media coverage; The New York Times referred to their marriage as "a historic blizzard of celebrity".[13] West said Kardashian was his muse.[137]

In January 2021, CNN reported that the couple were discussing divorce[138] and on February 19, 2021, Kardashian officially filed for divorce.[139] In April 2021, they both agreed before court that they would end their marriage due to "irreconcilable differences" and agreed to joint custody of their four children. They also agreed that neither of them need spousal support.[140] In February 2022, Kardashian filed a complaint to the Los Angeles Superior Court, asking for a quicker proceedings in the divorce from West, saying that West was trying to delay it and saying that "Mr. West, by his actions, has made it clear that he does not accept that the parties' marital relationship is over."[141] Kardashian was declared legally single on March 2, 2022.[142] This allowed her to drop "West" as her legal last name.[143] Their divorce was finalized on November 29, 2022.[144]

Kardashian began dating actor and comedian Pete Davidson in November 2021.[145][146] In August 2022, they ended their relationship.[147]

Religion

Kim Kardashian is a Christian and has described herself as "really religious".[148] She was educated in Christian schools of both the Presbyterian and Roman Catholic traditions.[148] In October 2019, she was baptized in an Armenian Apostolic ceremony at the baptistery in the Etchmiadzin Cathedral complex and given the Armenian name Heghine (Հեղինէ).[149]

In April 2015, Kardashian and West traveled to the Armenian Quarter of the Old City in Jerusalem to have their daughter North baptized in the Armenian Apostolic Church, one of the oldest denominations of Oriental Orthodox Christianity. The ceremony took place at the Cathedral of St. James.[150] Khloé Kardashian was appointed the godmother of North.[151] In October 2019, Kim baptized her three younger children at the baptistery in the Etchmiadzin Cathedral complex, Armenia's mother church.[152][153] Psalm was given the Armenian name Vardan, Chicago received Ashkhen and Saint received Grigor.[154]

Health and pregnancies

Kardashian and West have four children: daughter North (born June 15, 2013),[155] son Saint (born December 5, 2015),[156] daughter Chicago (born January 15, 2018),[157] and son Psalm (born May 9, 2019).[158][159]

Kardashian has publicly discussed difficulties during her first two pregnancies. She experienced pre-eclampsia during her first, which forced her to deliver at 34 weeks. With both pregnancies, she developed placenta accreta after delivery, eventually undergoing surgery to remove the placenta and scar tissue.[160][161] After her second pregnancy, doctors advised her not to become pregnant again;[162] her third and fourth children were born via surrogacy.[161][163] Kardashian has also spoken about her psoriasis.[164]

In May 2021, it was reported that Kardashian had tested positive for COVID-19 in November 2020. She confirmed this report[165] but denied reports that she caught the disease after hosting a party at a private island.[166]

Wealth

 
Kardashian in Australia for an E! News event in 2012

In May 2014, Kardashian was estimated to be worth US$45 million.[167] In 2015, Forbes reported she had "made more this year than ever as her earnings nearly doubled to $53 million from 2014's $28 million", and reported that she "has monetized fame better than any other".[168] Much of her income includes wholesale earnings of the Sears line, the Kardashian Kollection, which brought in $600 million in 2013 and the Kardashian Beauty cosmetics line, Kardashian-branded tanning products, the boutique-line DASH, as well as sponsored social media posts which are collectively worth $300,000–500,000 per post.[169][170] As of July 2018, Kardashian was worth US$350 million.[171] Kardashian does not receive alimony payments from either of her first two marriages.[172] On April 6, 2021, Forbes estimated Kardashian's net worth at US$1 billion.[173]

Paris robbery

On October 2, 2016, while attending Paris Fashion Week, Kardashian was robbed at gunpoint in the apartment where she was staying. Five individuals, dressed as police officers, bound and gagged her, then stole $10 million worth of jewelry.[174] The thieves got in her residence by threatening the concierge. Once they accessed Kardashian's room, they held a gun to her head, tying her wrists and legs and wrapping duct tape around her mouth as a gag.[175] Kardashian, who was placed in the bathtub, was physically unharmed and reportedly begged for her life.[176][177][178] She managed to wriggle her hands free from the plastic ties around her wrists and scream for help. The thieves escaped.[179] On October 6, 2016, it was revealed that filming for the next season of Keeping up with the Kardashians had been placed "on hold indefinitely" after the robbery.[180]

After the robbery was announced, several critics expressed skepticism about whether it was staged or not, with some even drawing comparison to Olympic swimmer Ryan Lochte's recent false robbery claim.[181][182] On October 10, 2016, a video was released showing Kardashian immediately after the robbery, as police began conducting their investigation. In the video, she is seen using the cell phone that she had reported stolen, and did not have any of the markings she claimed from being bound by her captors, prompting more questions as to whether or not the events were staged.[183] In response, Kardashian filed lawsuits against several media outlets the following day, and secured a gag order to get the video removed from any articles due to it being part of an active police investigation.[184][185][186] On October 25, 2016, Kardashian dropped the lawsuit, prompting more criticism that the robbery was a ploy to generate media attention.[187][188] Production resumed on Keeping Up with the Kardashians on October 26.[189]

On January 9, 2017, French police detained 17 persons of interest for questioning in the robbery case.[190] Later in 2017, 16 people were arrested for their alleged involvement.[191] It was revealed in 2020 that French prosecutors would seek trial for 12 of the suspects.[192] The suspects who allegedly entered her room were of, or near, senior age and were named the 'Grandpa Robbers' by the press.[193] In 2021, the suspects were still awaiting trial with at least one of the five who entered Kardashian's room reportedly set to plead no contest to the charges.[194]

Activism

During an interview with Caity Weaver of GQ for the July 2016 issue, Kardashian described herself as a Democrat, and declared support for Hillary Clinton in the 2016 U.S. presidential election.[195]

In January 2017, she tweeted a table of statistics that went viral, highlighting statistics that show that gun violence in the United States kills 11,737 people annually while terrorism in the United States kills 14 people annually. In December 2017, the tweet was mentioned by the Royal Statistical Society in the announcement of its "International Statistic of the Year" for 2017.[196][197] On a trip to Uganda in October 2018, she and her husband met with President Yoweri Museveni. They had a press conference, and Kanye talked about tourism in Uganda. They were criticized for meeting Museveni due to his being a dictator and his recent crackdown on the opposition and the Ugandan LGBT community.[198][199][200]

In April 2019, Vogue reported that Kardashian was studying to pass the bar exam; instead of attending law school, she is "reading law".[201] In 2021, Kardashian said she had failed her first-year law exam (the baby bar) for a second time, performing "slightly worse" than her first attempt earlier in the year.[202][203] In December 2021, she passed the "baby bar" law exam on her fourth attempt.[204]

In 2020, Kardashian condemned the actions of Azerbaijan in the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and expressed her support to Armenia and the Republic of Artsakh.[205][206] On November 20, 2021, it was reported that Kardashian and the English soccer club Leeds United F.C. had financially helped female Afghan soccer players to make their way to England. The women and girls had escaped Afghanistan following the Taliban takeover, but were stranded in Pakistan.[207][208]

Kardashian has also contributed to private GoFundMe causes, especially of people affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.[209] In September 2021, she donated $3,000 to a mother of four who had lost her husband to COVID-19 and was about to be evicted from her home.[209]

Armenian genocide recognition

 
Kardashian at the Armenian genocide memorial in Yerevan, Armenia in October 2019

Kardashian has expressed pride in her Armenian and Scottish ancestry.[210][211] She is not a citizen of either Armenia or the United Kingdom and does not speak Armenian.[212] She has advocated for the recognition of the Armenian Genocide on numerous occasions and encouraged President Barack Obama and the United States government to consider its acknowledgement.[213][214][215] In April 2016, Kardashian wrote an article on her website condemning The Wall Street Journal for running an advertisement by FactCheckArmenia.com denying the Armenian Genocide.[216] In April 2021, Kardashian wrote a letter to President Joe Biden thanking him for officially recognizing the Armenian Genocide, thus becoming the first ever United States president to do so.[217]

In April 2015, Kardashian traveled to Armenia with her husband, her sister Khloé, and her daughter North and visited the Armenian Genocide memorial Tsitsernakaberd in Yerevan.[218] On October 10, 2020, Kardashian announced she donated $1 million to Armenia Fund, a humanitarian organization that supports Armenia's development.[219][220]

Prison reform and clemency advocacy

Kardashian has worked in the area of prison reform, advocating for the commutation of the sentence of Chris Young and also of Alice Marie Johnson, a woman who received a life sentence for a first-time drug offense as the leader of a major cocaine ring in Tennessee[221][222][223] which was granted by President Donald Trump in June 2018.[224][225] Along with Van Jones and Jared Kushner, she was instrumental in persuading President Trump to support the First Step Act, which enacted major reforms in the US prison system. Van Jones later stated that without Kardashian, the act would have never passed because it would not have received the president's support. It was later passed by a great majority in the US Senate.[226][227][228]

In 2019, Kardashian largely funded the 90 Days to Freedom campaign, an initiative to release nonviolent drug offenders from life sentences by attorneys Brittany K. Barnett and MiAngel Cody.[229] The effort resulted in 17 persons being released under provisions of the First Step Act.[229] Kardashian was widely credited for the success of the campaign in media headlines.[230] Commentary on her involvement ranged from praise, to assertions that it was a public relations stunt, to accusations that she was taking the credit for work she did not do.[229] In a Facebook post from May 7 of that year, Barnett commented on the divisive and underfunded nature of the "criminal justice reform space", adding, "Kim linked arms with us to support us when foundations turned us down. We and our clients and their families have a lot of love for her and are deeply grateful for her."[231][232]

In April 2022, Kardashian advocated for the clemency of Melissa Lucio, the only woman of Hispanic descent on Texas' death row, in a series of tweets. She tweeted, "I recently just read about the case of Melissa Lucio and wanted to share her story with you. She has been on death row for over 14 years for her daughter's death that was a tragic accident."[233][234] Lucio is on death row for the abuse and death of her daughter, who was two years old. Kardashian deleted the series of tweets the same day.[233] When Lucio was granted a stay of execution on April 25, Kardashian celebrated on her social media channels.[235]

In July 2022, Kardashian expressed support and petitioned for the release of rapper Gunna, who is imprisoned without bond, charged with one count of violating the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act.[236] However, in October of the same year, Gunna was again denied release from jail ahead of his January trial.[237]

Filmography

Main article: List of Kim Kardashian performances

Awards and nominations

Teen Choice Awards

Year Category Nominated work / Nominee Result Ref.
2008 Choice TV Female Reality/Variety Star Keeping Up with the Kardashians Nominated [238]
2009 Choice TV: Female Reality/Variety Star Nominated [239]
2010 Choice Female Reality/Variety Star[b] Won [240]
Choice Female Hottie Kim Kardashian Nominated [240]
Choice Twit Nominated [240]
2011 Choice TV: Female Reality/Variety Star[b] Keeping Up with the Kardashians Won [241]
Choice Female Hottie Kim Kardashian Nominated [242]
2012 Choice TV: Female Reality/Variety Star[b] Keeping Up with the Kardashians Won [243]
2013 Choice TV: Female Reality/Variety Star[d] Won [244]
2016 Choice TV Show: Reality Keeping Up with the Kardashians Won [245]
2016 Choice Selfie Taker Kim Kardashian Nominated
2016 Choice Instagramer Kim Kardashian Nominated
2016 Choice Social Media Queen Kim Kardashian Nominated

Other awards

Year Association Category Nominated work / Nominee Result Ref.
2008 Golden Raspberry Awards Worst Supporting Actress Disaster Movie Nominated [246]
2014 Temptation: Confessions of a Marriage Counselor Won [247]
2011 People's Choice Awards Favorite TV Celeb Reality Star Kim Kardashian Won [248]
2017 Favorite Social Media Star Kim Kardashian Nominated [249]
2011 Glamour Award Entrepreneur of the Year Kim Kardashian Won [250]
2018 CFDA Influencer Award Kim Kardashian Won [251]

Bibliography

  • Kardashian, Kim; Kardashian, Kourtney; Kardashian, Khloé (2010). Kardashian Konfidential. St. Martin's Press. ISBN 9780312628079.
  • Kardashian, Kim; Kardashian, Kourtney; Kardashian, Khloé (2011). Dollhouse. William Morrow and Company. ISBN 9780062063847.
  • Kardashian, Kim (2011). Selfish. Universe Publishing. ISBN 9780789329202.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ In 2015, Jenner changed her first name to Caitlyn after a gender transition.[18]
  2. ^ a b c With Kourtney, Khloé, Rob and Kris.
  3. ^ Prior to her gender transition, Caitlyn went by her birth middle name Bruce.
  4. ^ With Kourtney, Khloé, Rob, Kris, Kendall, Kylie and Bruce.[c]

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External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kim Kardashian.
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January 09, 2023
kardashian, redirects, here, belgian, singer, kimberly, noel, kardashian, born, october, 1980, american, socialite, media, personality, businesswoman, first, gained, media, attention, friend, stylist, paris, hilton, received, wider, notice, after, tape, supers. Kim K redirects here For the Belgian singer see Kim Kay Kimberly Noel Kardashian born October 21 1980 is an American socialite media personality and businesswoman She first gained media attention as a friend and stylist of Paris Hilton but received wider notice after the sex tape Kim Kardashian Superstar shot in 2003 with her then boyfriend Ray J was released in 2007 1 Later that year she and her family began to appear in the E reality television series Keeping Up with the Kardashians 2007 2021 Its success led to the formation of the spin off series Kourtney and Kim Take New York 2011 2012 Kourtney and Kim Take Miami 2009 2013 and Hulu s The Kardashians 2022 Kim KardashianKardashian at the White House in 2020BornKimberly Noel Kardashian 1980 10 21 October 21 1980 age 42 Los Angeles California U S Other namesKim Kardashian WestOccupationsSocialitemedia personalitybusinesswomanYears active2003 presentSpousesDamon Thomas m 2000 div 2004 wbr Kris Humphries m 2011 div 2013 wbr Kanye West m 2014 div 2022 wbr Children4ParentsRobert Kardashian father Kris Jenner mother FamilyKardashian familySignatureKardashian has developed a significant presence online and across numerous social media platforms including hundreds of millions of followers on Twitter and Instagram 2 3 4 With sisters Kourtney and Khloe she launched the fashion boutique chain Dash which operated from 2006 to 2018 5 Kardashian founded KKW Beauty and KKW Fragrance in 2017 6 and the shaping underwear or foundation garment company Skims in 2019 7 She has released a variety of products tied to her name including the 2014 mobile game Kim Kardashian Hollywood and the 2015 photo book Selfish As an actress she has appeared in the films Disaster Movie 2008 Deep in the Valley 2009 and Temptation Confessions of a Marriage Counselor 2013 and provided her voice for PAW Patrol The Movie 2021 Time magazine included Kardashian on their list of 2015 s 100 most influential people Both critics and admirers have described her as exemplifying the notion of being famous for being famous 8 She is estimated to be worth US 1 8 billion as of 2022 9 Kardashian has become more politically active by lobbying for prison reform and clemency 10 and is currently under a four year law apprenticeship supervised by the legal nonprofit cut50 11 12 Her relationship with rapper Kanye West has also received significant media coverage they were married from 2014 to 2022 and have four children together 13 Contents 1 Early life and education 2 Career 2 1 Beginnings 2003 2006 2 2 Breakthrough 2007 2010 2 3 Continued exposure 2011 2016 2 4 Business ventures 2017 present 3 Personal life 3 1 Relationships 3 2 Religion 3 3 Health and pregnancies 3 4 Wealth 3 5 Paris robbery 4 Activism 4 1 Armenian genocide recognition 4 2 Prison reform and clemency advocacy 5 Filmography 6 Awards and nominations 7 Bibliography 8 See also 9 Notes 10 References 11 External linksEarly life and educationKimberly Noel Kardashian was born on October 21 1980 in Los Angeles California to Robert and Kris Kardashian nee Houghton 14 She has an older sister Kourtney a younger sister Khloe and a younger brother Rob 15 Their mother is of Dutch English Irish and Scottish ancestry 16 while their father was a third generation Armenian American 17 In 1991 their parents divorced and their mother married Bruce Jenner a the 1976 Summer Olympics decathlon winner 19 As a result of her mother s remarriage Kim Kardashian acquired step brothers Burton Burt Brandon and Brody a step sister Casey and later two half sisters Kendall and Kylie Jenner 20 Kardashian attended Marymount High School a Roman Catholic all girls school in Los Angeles 21 In 1994 her father represented football player O J Simpson during his murder trial Simpson is Kardashian s godfather 22 Kardashian s father died in 2003 of cancer 23 In her teenage years Kardashian was a close friend of Nicole Richie and Paris Hilton through whom she first garnered media attention 2 24 After totaling her car at age 16 her father agreed to buy her a new one on condition that she agree to be responsible for paying all expenses related to any future damages 25 She subsequently began working at Body a local clothing store in Encino California where she worked for four years assisting in the opening of the Calabasas location In 2000 after entering into her first marriage she resigned 26 CareerBeginnings 2003 2006 By 2003 Kardashian was working as a personal stylist to the R amp B singer and actress Brandy the sister of Ray J Later the siblings mother and manager Sonja Norwood alleged that in 2004 she had authorized Kardashian to make one and only one purchase on her American Express credit card and that nevertheless Kardashian and her sisters Khloe and Kourtney had incurred over 120 000 in unauthorized charges to that card Norwood also alleged that the bulk of the charges were attributable to purchases made at Kardashian s family owned boutique in 2006 and 2007 after Kardashian was no longer employed by Norwood s daughter Norwood further alleged that at the request of her children she did not file criminal charges instead presenting her allegations personally to Kardashian and that Kardashian apologized and promised to repay the debt In 2008 no payments having been forthcoming Norwood filed a lawsuit Kardashian has denied all these allegations In 2009 the parties reportedly reached a confidential settlement and the lawsuit was dismissed 27 28 In 2006 Kardashian had begun working as a stylist for Paris Hilton a childhood friend of hers She appeared in several episodes of the reality series The Simple Life and was frequently photographed accompanying Hilton to events and parties 29 30 Sheeraz Hasan a PR strategist working with Hilton had previously met Kardashian and her mother Kris Jenner in 2005 and stated in a 2020 20 20 television special that Kardashian was ready to do whatever it takes to create a successful brand Rick Mendozza a freelance photographer on assignment for the tabloid TMZ remarked in the same interview that when Kardashian accompanied Hilton to Hyde which was a Hollywood hotspot at the time he continued to get assignments from tabloids to get photographs of Kardashian for the next three years 31 In 2021 Kardashian said that Hilton literally gave me a career And I totally acknowledge that 32 Breakthrough 2007 2010 Kardashian in 2007 In February 2007 a sex tape made by Kardashian and Ray J in 2003 was leaked 33 34 Kardashian filed a lawsuit against Vivid Entertainment who distributed the film as Kim Kardashian Superstar She later dropped the suit and settled for a reported US 5 million allowing Vivid to release the tape 1 Several media outlets later criticized her and the family for using the sex tape s release as a publicity stunt to promote their forthcoming reality show 35 36 In October 2007 Kardashian and her mother Kris Jenner her step parent Caitlyn Jenner her siblings Kourtney Khloe and Rob Kardashian and half sisters Kendall and Kylie Jenner began to appear in the reality television series Keeping Up with the Kardashians 37 The series proved successful for E and led to the creation of a number of spin offs including Kourtney and Kim Take New York and Kourtney and Kim Take Miami 38 The flagship series concluded in 2021 after 294 episodes Kardashian posed in a nude pictorial for the December 2007 issue of Playboy 39 40 She made her feature film debut opposite Carmen Electra in the disaster film spoof Disaster Movie 2008 in which she appeared as a character named Lisa 41 42 In 2008 she was a participant on season seven of Dancing with the Stars where she was partnered with Mark Ballas 43 She was the third contestant to be eliminated 44 In September 2009 Fusion Beauty and Seven Bar Foundation launched Kiss Away Poverty with Kardashian as the face of the campaign For each LipFusion lipgloss sold US 1 went to the Foundation to fund women entrepreneurs in the United States 45 In October she launched her first fragrance self titled Kim Kardashian 46 47 That year she also released a workout DVD series became a guest host judge of WrestleMania XXIV on America s Next Top Model 48 49 50 51 and guest starred in How I Met Your Mother Beyond the Break 52 and CBS s CSI NY 53 54 Kardashian at an event for The Heart Truth in 2010 By 2010 Kardashian had ventured into several new endorsement deals including endorsing various food products for Carl s Jr 55 56 On July 1 2010 the New York City branch of Madame Tussauds revealed a wax figure of Kardashian 57 Kim Kourtney and Khloe wrote an autobiography titled Kardashian Konfidential which was released in stores on November 23 2010 and appeared on New York Times s Best Seller List 58 In December 2010 she filmed a music video for a song titled Jam Turn It Up The video was directed by Hype Williams Kanye West makes a cameo in the video 59 Kardashian premiered the song during a New Year s Eve party at TAO Las Vegas on December 31 2010 60 The song was produced by The Dream and Tricky Stewart When asked if an album was in the works Kardashian replied There s no album in the works or anything just one song we did for Kourtney and Kim Take New York and a video Hype Williams directed half of the proceeds we re giving away to a cancer foundation because The Dream s and one of my parents passed away from cancer It s just all having fun with a good cause 61 Jim Farber writing for the Daily News called the song a dead brained piece of generic dance music without a single distinguishing feature and suggested that the single made Kardashian the worst singer in the reality TV universe 62 In 2010 Kardashian also served as producer for The Spin Crowd a reality television show about a New York City public relations firm run by Jonathan Cheban and Simon Huck appeared on season ten of The Apprentice 63 64 and guest starred with Khloe and Kourtney as themselves on the season three premiere episode of the series 90210 65 The International Business Times reported that Kardashian s 2010 earnings were the highest among Hollywood based reality stars estimating them at 6 million 66 67 Continued exposure 2011 2016 In 2011 Kardashian released her third fragrance Gold 46 as well as a novel Dollhouse along with sisters Kourtney and Khloe 68 In 2012 E renewed Keeping Up with the Kardashians for two additional seasons in a deal reported to be worth 50 million 69 70 That year Kardashian released her fourth fragrance True Reflection which she worked with the company Dress for Success to promote 71 and her fifth fragrance Glam which was made available through Debenhams 72 In Temptation Confessions of a Marriage Counselor 2013 a romantic drama produced written and directed by Tyler Perry Kardashian obtained the role of the co worker of an ambitious therapist While the film was a moderate box office success with a worldwide gross of US 53 1 million 73 critical response was negative and Kardashian won the Razzie Award for Worst Supporting Actress Kardashian in September 2014 Kardashian released Kim Kardashian Hollywood a mobile game for iPhone and Android in June 2014 The objective of the game is to become a Hollywood star or starlet 74 The game supports a free to play model meaning the game is free to download but charges for in game items 75 It was a hit earning US 1 6 million in its first five days of release 75 In July developer Glu Mobile announced that the game was the fifth highest earning game in Apple s App Store 75 She voiced an alien in the September 21 2014 episode of the adult animated series American Dad 76 77 Kardashian appeared on the cover and in a pictorial in Paper s winter 2014 issue photographed by Jean Paul Goude 78 On the cover her nude buttocks are featured above the caption Break the Internet which generated considerable comment in both social and traditional media 79 80 A Time magazine writer commented that unlike previous celebrities nudes that represented the women s rebellion against repressed society and trying to tear down barriers Kardashian s exhibition was just provocation and bluster repeated images that seem to offer us some sort of truth or insight but are really just self serving We want there to be something more some reason or context some great explanation that tells us what it is like to live in this very day and age but there is not Kim Kardashian s ass is nothing but an empty promise 81 However the stunt set a new benchmark in social media response 82 and Paper s website received 15 9 million views in one day compared with 25 000 views on an average day 83 84 Kardashian released a portfolio book called Selfish a 325 page collection of self taken photos of herself in May 2015 85 It received positive reviews from critics 86 with Kat Brown of The Telegraph describing it as unexpectedly revealing and oddly moving 87 That year she was also the cover model for the August issue of Vogue Spain 88 and released an emoji pack for iOS devices called Kimoji 89 The app was a best seller becoming one of the top 5 most bought apps in its first week of release 89 By November 2016 as per CBC Marketplace and interviews with celebrity endorsement experts Kardashian was reportedly paid at least US 300 000 for each post that she made on Instagram Facebook and Twitter endorsing beauty products like waist trainers teeth whiteners as well as Coca Cola and well known charities 90 Business Insider later estimated her fee to be around US 720 000 per Instagram post Even though engagement data indicates that her posts are worth slightly less 91 her regular features in the news allows her to demand a premium above any calculated Instagram sponsored post price Business ventures 2017 present With sisters Kourtney and Khloe she launched the fashion boutique chain Dash with an initial store in Calabasas California 48 The chain operated between 2006 and 2018 92 In 2017 Kardashian launched both her beauty and fragrance lines KKW Beauty and KKW Fragrance 93 94 She made a cameo appearance in the heist film Ocean s 8 which was released on June 8 2018 95 96 After announcing a new range of shapewear called Kimono in June 2019 Kardashian was heavily criticized over the name of the brand which critics argued disrespected Japanese culture and ignored the significance behind the traditional outfit Following the launch of the range the hashtag KimOhNo began trending on Twitter and the mayor of Kyoto wrote to Kardashian to ask her to reconsider the trademark on Kimono In response to public pressure she announced that she would change the name 97 However Japanese trade minister Hiroshige Seko stated that he would still be dispatching patent officials for a meeting at the U S Patent and Trademark Office and that Japan would keep an eye on the situation 98 In August 2019 she changed and rebranded the shapewear company to the name Skims 99 100 officially launching the following month on its own digital store 101 and later made available on various other websites such as online stores of SSENSE David Jones Net a Porter Ounass 102 In February 2020 under a retail partnership with Nordstrom Skims products were made available to shop exclusively at the chain s stores across the United States 103 104 The company has also expanded into lingerie bodysuits loungewear dresses and winterwear 105 Since 2021 Skims has opened various pop up stores in the United States Europe and Asia 106 In June 2021 Kardashian revealed the brand entered into a partnership with the US Olympics team under which the company would provide undergarments loungewear and pajamas and other clothing items with American flags and the Olympics rings with a Team USA branding printed on them to the team s female athletes at the 2020 Summer Olympics and Paralympics 107 The athletes also wore Skims clothing at the 2022 Winter Olympics 108 and were featured in the brand s campaign for a capsule collection launched ahead of the event in collaboration with the United States Winter Olympics delegation 109 In November 2021 luxury fashion house Fendi released a capsule collection in collaboration with Skims consisting of a range of shapewear leather dresses and bodysuits 110 That month Kardashian was honored with the Brand Innovator award for her work on Skims at the 2021 WSJ Innovator Awards 111 In January 2022 it was reported that her company stood at a valuation of US 3 2 billion 112 Kardashian hosted Saturday Night Live in October 2021 and in her monologue she made fun of her estranged husband Kanye West her mother s ex husband Caitlyn Jenner her sisters O J Simpson and others 113 In January 2022 in a class action lawsuit filed against the cryptocurrency company EthereumMax that alleged the company is a pump and dump scheme Kardashian was named as a defendant along with former professional boxer Floyd Mayweather Jr former NBA player Paul Pierce and other celebrities for promoting the EthereumMax token on their social media accounts 114 In October 2022 the U S Securities and Exchange Commission announced that Kardashian had agreed to pay a 1 26 million fine to not promote cryptocurrency assets for three years and to cooperate with an ongoing investigation without admitting or denying wrongdoing for failing to report receiving a 250 000 payment to promote the EthereumMax token 115 In December 2022 Central California U S District Court Judge Michael W Fitzgerald dismissed the lawsuit on the basis that the claims were insufficiently supported given heightened pleading standards for fraud 116 In April 2022 Kardashian founded Skky Partners a private equity firm with a former partner of the Carlyle Group Her mother Kris Jenner is also a partner at the firm 117 In July 2022 she made her Paris Fashion Week modeling debut on the catwalk for fashion house Balenciaga along with Nicole Kidman Dua Lipa and Christine Quinn from the reality television series Selling Sunset 118 Personal lifeRelationships Kardashian with then husband Kanye West at the Met Gala in 2019 In 2000 19 year old Kardashian eloped with music producer Damon Thomas 119 Thomas filed for divorce in 2003 Kardashian later blamed their separation on physical and emotional abuse on his part 120 and said she was high on ecstasy during their wedding ceremony 121 Before her divorce was finalized Kardashian began dating singer Ray J 119 In May 2011 Kardashian became engaged to NBA player Kris Humphries then of the New Jersey Nets whom she had been dating since October 2010 122 They were married in a wedding ceremony on August 20 in Montecito California 123 Earlier that month she had released her wedding fragrance called Kim Kardashian Love which coincided with her own wedding 46 124 A two part TV special showing the preparations and the wedding itself aired on E in early October 2011 amidst what The Washington Post called a media blitz related to the wedding 125 After 72 days of marriage she filed for divorce from Humphries on October 31 citing irreconcilable differences 126 Several news outlets surmised that Kardashian s marriage to Humphries was merely a publicity stunt to promote the Kardashian family s brand and their subsequent television ventures 127 A man professing to be her former publicist Jonathan Jaxson also claimed that her short lived marriage was indeed staged and a ploy to generate money Kardashian filed a suit against Jaxson saying his claims were untrue and subsequently settled the case that included an apology from Jaxson 128 A widely circulated petition asking to remove all Kardashian related programming from the air followed the split 129 The divorce was subject to widespread media attention 130 Kardashian began dating rapper and longtime friend Kanye West in April 2012 while still legally married to Humphries 131 Her divorce was finalized on June 3 2013 132 Kardashian and West became engaged on October 21 Kardashian s 33rd birthday 133 and married on May 24 2014 at Forte di Belvedere in Florence Italy 134 Her wedding dress was designed by Riccardo Tisci of Givenchy 135 with some guests dresses designed by designer Michael Costello 136 The couple s high status and respective careers have resulted in their relationship becoming subject to heavy media coverage The New York Times referred to their marriage as a historic blizzard of celebrity 13 West said Kardashian was his muse 137 In January 2021 CNN reported that the couple were discussing divorce 138 and on February 19 2021 Kardashian officially filed for divorce 139 In April 2021 they both agreed before court that they would end their marriage due to irreconcilable differences and agreed to joint custody of their four children They also agreed that neither of them need spousal support 140 In February 2022 Kardashian filed a complaint to the Los Angeles Superior Court asking for a quicker proceedings in the divorce from West saying that West was trying to delay it and saying that Mr West by his actions has made it clear that he does not accept that the parties marital relationship is over 141 Kardashian was declared legally single on March 2 2022 142 This allowed her to drop West as her legal last name 143 Their divorce was finalized on November 29 2022 144 Kardashian began dating actor and comedian Pete Davidson in November 2021 145 146 In August 2022 they ended their relationship 147 Religion Kim Kardashian is a Christian and has described herself as really religious 148 She was educated in Christian schools of both the Presbyterian and Roman Catholic traditions 148 In October 2019 she was baptized in an Armenian Apostolic ceremony at the baptistery in the Etchmiadzin Cathedral complex and given the Armenian name Heghine Հեղինէ 149 In April 2015 Kardashian and West traveled to the Armenian Quarter of the Old City in Jerusalem to have their daughter North baptized in the Armenian Apostolic Church one of the oldest denominations of Oriental Orthodox Christianity The ceremony took place at the Cathedral of St James 150 Khloe Kardashian was appointed the godmother of North 151 In October 2019 Kim baptized her three younger children at the baptistery in the Etchmiadzin Cathedral complex Armenia s mother church 152 153 Psalm was given the Armenian name Vardan Chicago received Ashkhen and Saint received Grigor 154 Health and pregnancies Kardashian and West have four children daughter North born June 15 2013 155 son Saint born December 5 2015 156 daughter Chicago born January 15 2018 157 and son Psalm born May 9 2019 158 159 Kardashian has publicly discussed difficulties during her first two pregnancies She experienced pre eclampsia during her first which forced her to deliver at 34 weeks With both pregnancies she developed placenta accreta after delivery eventually undergoing surgery to remove the placenta and scar tissue 160 161 After her second pregnancy doctors advised her not to become pregnant again 162 her third and fourth children were born via surrogacy 161 163 Kardashian has also spoken about her psoriasis 164 In May 2021 it was reported that Kardashian had tested positive for COVID 19 in November 2020 She confirmed this report 165 but denied reports that she caught the disease after hosting a party at a private island 166 Wealth Kardashian in Australia for an E News event in 2012 In May 2014 Kardashian was estimated to be worth US 45 million 167 In 2015 Forbes reported she had made more this year than ever as her earnings nearly doubled to 53 million from 2014 s 28 million and reported that she has monetized fame better than any other 168 Much of her income includes wholesale earnings of the Sears line the Kardashian Kollection which brought in 600 million in 2013 and the Kardashian Beauty cosmetics line Kardashian branded tanning products the boutique line DASH as well as sponsored social media posts which are collectively worth 300 000 500 000 per post 169 170 As of July 2018 Kardashian was worth US 350 million 171 Kardashian does not receive alimony payments from either of her first two marriages 172 On April 6 2021 Forbes estimated Kardashian s net worth at US 1 billion 173 Paris robbery On October 2 2016 while attending Paris Fashion Week Kardashian was robbed at gunpoint in the apartment where she was staying Five individuals dressed as police officers bound and gagged her then stole 10 million worth of jewelry 174 The thieves got in her residence by threatening the concierge Once they accessed Kardashian s room they held a gun to her head tying her wrists and legs and wrapping duct tape around her mouth as a gag 175 Kardashian who was placed in the bathtub was physically unharmed and reportedly begged for her life 176 177 178 She managed to wriggle her hands free from the plastic ties around her wrists and scream for help The thieves escaped 179 On October 6 2016 it was revealed that filming for the next season of Keeping up with the Kardashians had been placed on hold indefinitely after the robbery 180 After the robbery was announced several critics expressed skepticism about whether it was staged or not with some even drawing comparison to Olympic swimmer Ryan Lochte s recent false robbery claim 181 182 On October 10 2016 a video was released showing Kardashian immediately after the robbery as police began conducting their investigation In the video she is seen using the cell phone that she had reported stolen and did not have any of the markings she claimed from being bound by her captors prompting more questions as to whether or not the events were staged 183 In response Kardashian filed lawsuits against several media outlets the following day and secured a gag order to get the video removed from any articles due to it being part of an active police investigation 184 185 186 On October 25 2016 Kardashian dropped the lawsuit prompting more criticism that the robbery was a ploy to generate media attention 187 188 Production resumed on Keeping Up with the Kardashians on October 26 189 On January 9 2017 French police detained 17 persons of interest for questioning in the robbery case 190 Later in 2017 16 people were arrested for their alleged involvement 191 It was revealed in 2020 that French prosecutors would seek trial for 12 of the suspects 192 The suspects who allegedly entered her room were of or near senior age and were named the Grandpa Robbers by the press 193 In 2021 the suspects were still awaiting trial with at least one of the five who entered Kardashian s room reportedly set to plead no contest to the charges 194 ActivismDuring an interview with Caity Weaver of GQ for the July 2016 issue Kardashian described herself as a Democrat and declared support for Hillary Clinton in the 2016 U S presidential election 195 In January 2017 she tweeted a table of statistics that went viral highlighting statistics that show that gun violence in the United States kills 11 737 people annually while terrorism in the United States kills 14 people annually In December 2017 the tweet was mentioned by the Royal Statistical Society in the announcement of its International Statistic of the Year for 2017 196 197 On a trip to Uganda in October 2018 she and her husband met with President Yoweri Museveni They had a press conference and Kanye talked about tourism in Uganda They were criticized for meeting Museveni due to his being a dictator and his recent crackdown on the opposition and the Ugandan LGBT community 198 199 200 In April 2019 Vogue reported that Kardashian was studying to pass the bar exam instead of attending law school she is reading law 201 In 2021 Kardashian said she had failed her first year law exam the baby bar for a second time performing slightly worse than her first attempt earlier in the year 202 203 In December 2021 she passed the baby bar law exam on her fourth attempt 204 In 2020 Kardashian condemned the actions of Azerbaijan in the 2020 Nagorno Karabakh conflict and expressed her support to Armenia and the Republic of Artsakh 205 206 On November 20 2021 it was reported that Kardashian and the English soccer club Leeds United F C had financially helped female Afghan soccer players to make their way to England The women and girls had escaped Afghanistan following the Taliban takeover but were stranded in Pakistan 207 208 Kardashian has also contributed to private GoFundMe causes especially of people affected by the COVID 19 pandemic 209 In September 2021 she donated 3 000 to a mother of four who had lost her husband to COVID 19 and was about to be evicted from her home 209 Armenian genocide recognition Kardashian at the Armenian genocide memorial in Yerevan Armenia in October 2019 Kardashian has expressed pride in her Armenian and Scottish ancestry 210 211 She is not a citizen of either Armenia or the United Kingdom and does not speak Armenian 212 She has advocated for the recognition of the Armenian Genocide on numerous occasions and encouraged President Barack Obama and the United States government to consider its acknowledgement 213 214 215 In April 2016 Kardashian wrote an article on her website condemning The Wall Street Journal for running an advertisement by FactCheckArmenia com denying the Armenian Genocide 216 In April 2021 Kardashian wrote a letter to President Joe Biden thanking him for officially recognizing the Armenian Genocide thus becoming the first ever United States president to do so 217 In April 2015 Kardashian traveled to Armenia with her husband her sister Khloe and her daughter North and visited the Armenian Genocide memorial Tsitsernakaberd in Yerevan 218 On October 10 2020 Kardashian announced she donated 1 million to Armenia Fund a humanitarian organization that supports Armenia s development 219 220 Prison reform and clemency advocacy Kardashian has worked in the area of prison reform advocating for the commutation of the sentence of Chris Young and also of Alice Marie Johnson a woman who received a life sentence for a first time drug offense as the leader of a major cocaine ring in Tennessee 221 222 223 which was granted by President Donald Trump in June 2018 224 225 Along with Van Jones and Jared Kushner she was instrumental in persuading President Trump to support the First Step Act which enacted major reforms in the US prison system Van Jones later stated that without Kardashian the act would have never passed because it would not have received the president s support It was later passed by a great majority in the US Senate 226 227 228 In 2019 Kardashian largely funded the 90 Days to Freedom campaign an initiative to release nonviolent drug offenders from life sentences by attorneys Brittany K Barnett and MiAngel Cody 229 The effort resulted in 17 persons being released under provisions of the First Step Act 229 Kardashian was widely credited for the success of the campaign in media headlines 230 Commentary on her involvement ranged from praise to assertions that it was a public relations stunt to accusations that she was taking the credit for work she did not do 229 In a Facebook post from May 7 of that year Barnett commented on the divisive and underfunded nature of the criminal justice reform space adding Kim linked arms with us to support us when foundations turned us down We and our clients and their families have a lot of love for her and are deeply grateful for her 231 232 In April 2022 Kardashian advocated for the clemency of Melissa Lucio the only woman of Hispanic descent on Texas death row in a series of tweets She tweeted I recently just read about the case of Melissa Lucio and wanted to share her story with you She has been on death row for over 14 years for her daughter s death that was a tragic accident 233 234 Lucio is on death row for the abuse and death of her daughter who was two years old Kardashian deleted the series of tweets the same day 233 When Lucio was granted a stay of execution on April 25 Kardashian celebrated on her social media channels 235 In July 2022 Kardashian expressed support and petitioned for the release of rapper Gunna who is imprisoned without bond charged with one count of violating the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act 236 However in October of the same year Gunna was again denied release from jail ahead of his January trial 237 FilmographyMain article List of Kim Kardashian performances Kim Kardashian Superstar 2007 Keeping Up with the Kardashians 2007 2021 Disaster Movie 2008 Kourtney and Kim Take Miami 2009 2013 Kourtney and Kim Take New York 2011 2012 Temptation Confessions of a Marriage Counselor 2013 Dash Dolls 2015 PAW Patrol The Movie 2021 The Kardashians 2022 Awards and nominationsTeen Choice Awards Year Category Nominated work Nominee Result Ref 2008 Choice TV Female Reality Variety Star Keeping Up with the Kardashians Nominated 238 2009 Choice TV Female Reality Variety Star Nominated 239 2010 Choice Female Reality Variety Star b Won 240 Choice Female Hottie Kim Kardashian Nominated 240 Choice Twit Nominated 240 2011 Choice TV Female Reality Variety Star b Keeping Up with the Kardashians Won 241 Choice Female Hottie Kim Kardashian Nominated 242 2012 Choice TV Female Reality Variety Star b Keeping Up with the Kardashians Won 243 2013 Choice TV Female Reality Variety Star d Won 244 2016 Choice TV Show Reality Keeping Up with the Kardashians Won 245 2016 Choice Selfie Taker Kim Kardashian Nominated2016 Choice Instagramer Kim Kardashian Nominated2016 Choice Social Media Queen Kim Kardashian NominatedOther awards Year Association Category Nominated work Nominee Result Ref 2008 Golden Raspberry Awards Worst Supporting Actress Disaster Movie Nominated 246 2014 Temptation Confessions of a Marriage Counselor Won 247 2011 People s Choice Awards Favorite TV Celeb Reality Star Kim Kardashian Won 248 2017 Favorite Social Media Star Kim Kardashian Nominated 249 2011 Glamour Award Entrepreneur of the Year Kim Kardashian Won 250 2018 CFDA Influencer Award Kim Kardashian Won 251 BibliographyKardashian Kim Kardashian Kourtney Kardashian Khloe 2010 Kardashian Konfidential St Martin s Press ISBN 9780312628079 Kardashian Kim Kardashian Kourtney Kardashian Khloe 2011 Dollhouse William Morrow and Company ISBN 9780062063847 Kardashian Kim 2011 Selfish Universe Publishing ISBN 9780789329202 See alsoFamous for being famous List of most followed Instagram accounts List of most followed Twitter accountsNotes In 2015 Jenner changed her first name to Caitlyn after a gender transition 18 a b c With Kourtney Khloe Rob and Kris Prior to her gender transition Caitlyn went by her birth middle name Bruce With Kourtney Khloe Rob Kris Kendall Kylie and Bruce c References a b Kardashian to profit from sex tape United Press International May 1 2007 Retrieved August 17 2013 a b Morgan Eleanor April 20 2016 Why is Kim Kardashian famous You asked Google here s the answer The Guardian Retrieved June 11 2016 Seemayer Zach Kim Kardashian on the Success of Her Mobile App and Her Social Media Empire ET Online Retrieved June 11 2016 Top 100 Instagram Business Accounts Creator Accounts Social Blade Paquette Danielle July 16 2012 Kim Kardashian Kanye West canoodle at Melrose Dash grand opening Los Angeles Times Archived from the original on June 4 2016 Retrieved May 10 2016 Tinubu Aramide October 21 2019 Kim Kardashian s Business Glow Up Has Been Hella Remarkable StyleCaster Retrieved January 4 2020 Marinelli Gina September 10 2019 Everything We Know About Skims Kim Kardashian s Solutionwear Line Glamour Retrieved January 4 2020 Multiple sources The Paris Hilton Rule Famous For Being Famous Scoreboard Media Group Archived from the original on May 28 2012 Retrieved September 13 2014 Sure She s Beautiful but Why Is Kim Kardashian Famous Wet Paint November 9 2013 Archived from the original on September 23 2019 Retrieved August 1 2016 Does Kim Kardashian deserve to be famous Debate Trepany Charles Rihanna makes Forbes billionaires list debut Kim Kardashian Ye Jay Z more make 2022 cut USA Today Retrieved October 4 2022 Helena Andrews Dyer Kim Kardashian is still fighting for criminal justice reform The Washington Post Retrieved January 4 2020 Multiple sources Bliss Sara Kim Kardashian Is Becoming A Lawyer What Her Move Can Teach You About Making A Career Leap Forbes Retrieved January 4 2020 Meter Jonathan Van April 10 2019 The Awakening of Kim Kardashian West Vogue Retrieved January 4 2020 Canon Gabrielle November 29 2019 Jessica Jackson a single mom from California took on the prison system and changed her life USA Today Retrieved January 30 2021 a b Caramanica Jon The Agony and the Ecstasy of Kanye West The New York Times April 10 2015 Kimberly Noel Kardashian Born October 21 1980 in California California Birth Index Retrieved August 17 2013 Sagimbeni Nick January 9 2013 Kourtney Kim Khloe Robert Kylie and Kendall Kardashian Los Angeles Times Archived from the original on June 3 2014 Retrieved June 19 2015 Kim Kardashian June 11 2008 Monuments And Momentous Times In Monte Carlo KimKardashian com Archived from the original on May 18 2015 Retrieved May 13 2015 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint bot original URL status unknown link Barford Vanessa January 8 2013 Kim Kardashian How do Armenians feel about her fame BBC Retrieved July 2 2014 Buzz Bissinger June 1 2015 Introducing Caitlyn Jenner Vanity Fair Retrieved June 1 2015 Jenner Kardashian The Day New London Connecticut April 23 1991 p A2 Retrieved June 7 2015 Mayish Jeff May 1 2013 Ex nanny to the Kardashians reveals Kris Jenner s temper and an O J Simpson trial kidnap scare Daily News Mortimer Zuckerman Retrieved August 17 2013 Austin Christina Acuna Kirsten September 27 2012 Check Out The Elite Schools Where Celebrities Send Their Kids Business Insider Retrieved May 17 2015 Ryan Harriet Powers Ashley September 28 2008 His life now With friends like these Los Angeles Times Archived from the original on February 14 2015 Retrieved April 6 2015 Robert Kardashian a Lawyer For O J Simpson Dies at 59 The New York Times October 3 2003 Retrieved August 17 2013 Kim Kardashian Biography The Biography Channel A E Networks Retrieved August 17 2013 Nesvig Kara July 8 2018 Kim Kardashian on Her First Job Reality TV Fame and the Paris Robbery Teen Vogue Retrieved March 3 2022 Kim Kardashian Mogul Tells Us Her Money Story WealthSimple Magazine Retrieved March 3 2022 Lin Joanna Brandy s Mom Lawsuit with Kim Kardashian Dismissed People Magazine Retrieved March 3 2022 Brandy s Mom Explains Lawsuit Against Kardashians People Magazine Retrieved March 3 2022 Halperin Ian April 19 2016 Karadashian Dynasty ISBN 9781471155222 Retrieved September 25 2022 Chung Gabrielle November 13 2021 How Kim Kardashian Played a Part in Paris Hilton s Ultra Classy Wedding Day E News Online Retrieved March 3 2022 Yang Allie Pearson Muriel Starlets of early 2000s were meticulously created collaborators reveal ABC News Retrieved March 3 2022 Calvario Liz See Kim Kardashian Return to Her Stylist Roots at Pal Paris Hilton s Wedding Entertainment Weekly Retrieved March 3 2022 Kim Kardashian on Sex Tape A Tape Does Exist Extra NBCUniversal February 7 2007 Retrieved August 17 2013 Ray J Sends Love amp Congratulations To Kim Kardashian amp Kanye West Access Hollywood NBCUniversal July 8 2013 Archived from the original on July 15 2013 Retrieved August 17 2013 The Kardashian Decade How a Sex Tape Led to a Billion Dollar Brand Hollywood Reporter 10 Years Ago Kim Kardashian Turned a Sex Tape Into a Business Empire Complex Nordyke Kimberly November 13 2007 Kardashians earns its keep The Hollywood Reporter Prometheus Global Media Retrieved August 17 2013 Karen August 16 2013 Scott Disick is the Father of Mason Disick Las Vegas Guardian Express Retrieved August 17 2013 Kim Kardashian info Biography com Retrieved September 3 2016 Kim Kardashian Playboy Kim Kardashian Nude Pics and Videos of the Sex Tape Celebrity Playboy January 27 2009 Archived from the original on February 28 2012 Retrieved August 17 2013 Matt Webb Mitovich August 29 2008 Disaster Movie Star Kim Kardashian Names Her Favorite Butt TVGN CBS Corporation Retrieved August 17 2013 Disaster Movie from Kim Kardashian Pop Culture Queen E Online NBCUniversal Retrieved August 17 2013 Parker Stefanie 10 Stars You Totally Forgot Competed on Dancing With the Stars VIDEO TV Insider Retrieved July 7 2021 Lang Derrik J October 1 2008 Kim Kardashian kicked off Dancing With the Stars USA Today Retrieved August 17 2013 Fusion Beauty Seven Bar Foundation Archived from the original on October 18 2010 Retrieved July 3 2011 a b c Kim Kardashian Fragrances fragrantica com Crawford Trish April 28 2010 Kardashian Fame and Fragrance Toronto Star Retrieved August 30 2010 a b Kim Kardashian Biography Biography Retrieved February 22 2016 Saini Mia July 1 2010 Kim Kardashian Powering to the Top Forbes Retrieved August 30 2010 Sweatin with Kim Kardashian Allure Magazine April 14 2009 Archived from the original on April 19 2009 Retrieved August 30 2010 Gina DiNunno August 4 2009 Lauren Conrad and Kim Kardashian to Guest Judge Top Model TV Guide Retrieved August 4 2009 Parsley Aaron June 5 2009 Kim Kardashian Gets Slimed on Beyond the Break People Archived from the original on August 31 2009 Retrieved June 29 2015 Kim Kardashian goscinnie w serialu dziennik pl January 4 2010 Archived from the original on January 23 2012 Retrieved January 16 2012 a href Template Cite news html title Template Cite news cite news a CS1 maint bot original URL status unknown link Kate Stanhope Kim Kardashian and Vanessa Minnillo to Appear on CSI NY TV Guide All the Rage Kardashian Endorsements Seem to Have Va Va Vroom Los Angeles Times February 26 2010 Retrieved August 30 2010 Goudreau Jenna April 13 2010 Reality TV Stars Turned Entrepreneurs Forbes Retrieved August 30 2010 Klopsis Nick July 2 2010 Seeing double Kim Kardashian Unveils Wax Statue Lookalike at Madam Tussauds in Times Square New York Daily News Archived from the original on March 19 2011 Retrieved August 30 2010 Keeping Up With Kim Kourtney and Khloe The Kardashian Sisters Are Writing a Book Glamour Magazine June 18 2010 Retrieved August 30 2010 Dope Or Nope Kim Kardashian Debuts New Single Turn It Up Vibe January 3 2011 Retrieved July 2 2014 Kim Kardashian Debuts The Dream Penned Single in Vegas Rap Up com Retrieved July 3 2011 Latest Music News Band Artist Musician amp Music Video News Billboard February 7 2011 Retrieved July 3 2011 Farber Jim March 2 2011 Kim Kardashian song Jam Turn It Up makes her the worst singer in the reality TV universe Daily News New York Archived from the original on July 27 2011 Retrieved March 8 2011 MovieWeb The Apprentice 2004 present In Store Display Challenge Kim Kardashian Visits Octane MovieWeb com November 12 2010 Archived from the original on July 18 2011 The Apprentice Kim Kardashian s Perfume Brings Out Best and Worst Gather com November 12 2010 Archived from the original on July 11 2011 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint bot original URL status unknown link Kardashian Sisters Land 90210 Cameo TVGuide com June 29 2010 Dorian John Kim Kardashian top earning reality star for year 2010 Archived May 25 2011 at the Wayback Machine International Business Times AU December 7 2010 Kim Kardashian Is Highest Earning Reality Star of the Moment Softpedia December 8 2010 Archived from the original on July 30 2018 Retrieved December 8 2010 Brissey Breia November 15 2011 Kardashian s publish new novel Dollhouse Entertainment Weekly Andreeva Nellie April 24 2012 Keeping Up with the Kardashians Renewed E Extends Series For Three More Seasons Deadline com Retrieved August 9 2012 Casserly Meghan April 24 2012 Keeping Up with the Kardashians 2015 E Pays 40 Million For Three More Years Forbes Retrieved November 12 2012 Kim Kardashian Perfume True Reflection People August 29 2011 Retrieved February 23 2022 Kim Kardashian Releases Glam Fragrance Style MTV Archived from the original on June 5 2013 Retrieved October 24 2012 Tyler Perry s Temptation Confessions of a Marriage Counselor 2013 Box Office Mojo Rothman Michael June 18 2014 Take a Sneak Peek at Kim Kardashian s New Video Game ABC News Disney Media Networks Retrieved June 19 2014 a b c Wortham Jenna July 30 2014 Kim Kardashian an Unlikely Mobile Video Game Hit The New York Times Retrieved August 5 2014 Kim Kardashian American Dad Reality Star to Play Alien on Comedy Variety Archived from the original on September 25 2013 Retrieved September 25 2013 Snierson Dan September 24 2013 Kim Kardashian to play alien on American Dad Entertainment Weekly Retrieved June 29 2015 Muller Marissa G November 12 2014 Meet The Man Behind Kim Kardashian s Break The Internet Cover Jean Paul Goude MTV News Retrieved March 23 2015 Rothman Michael November 12 2014 Kim Kardashian Leaves Little to Imagination in Raciest Magazine Cover Yet ABC News Disney Media Networks Retrieved November 13 2014 Fortini Amanda November 2014 NO FILTER An Afternoon With Kim Kardashian Paper Retrieved November 14 2014 Moylan Brian November 12 2014 Kim Kardashian s Butt Is an Empty Promise Time Retrieved June 29 2015 Van Grove Jennifer Kim Kardashian Didn t Break the Internet but She Did Set a New Benchmark The Street November 17 2014 Grossman Samantha December 2 2014 Top 10 Things That Broke the Internet Time Retrieved June 7 2015 Shields Mike November 13 2014 Kim Kardashian Doesn t Break Paper Magazine s Servers At Least Not Yet The Wall Street Journal News Corp Retrieved June 7 2015 Begley Sarah May 7 2015 Kim Kardashian s Selfish Is Anything But Time Retrieved June 29 2015 Biedenharn Isabella May 20 2015 Review Roundup Critics love Kim Kardashian s Selfish Entertainment Weekly Retrieved May 25 2016 Brown Kat June 22 2015 Kim Kardashian s selfie book Selfish unexpectedly revealing The Telegraph Retrieved May 25 2016 Kallor Amber July 23 2015 Kim Kardashian West s Vogue Espana Cover Shoot Inspires Us to Strip Down Retrieved July 19 2016 a b Link Monica Kim Kardashian iOS Emoji App Kimoji Ranks Higher Than Grand Theft Auto Idigital Times Archived from the original on January 3 2016 Retrieved January 1 2016 How celebrities like Kim Kardashian are selling you ads and products CBC News November 11 2016 Retrieved November 14 2017 Instagram Influencer Price Kim Kardashian YouTube Ibriiz Archived from the original on June 26 2019 Retrieved May 8 2019 Paquette Danielle July 16 2012 Kim Kardashian Kanye West canoodle at Melrose Dash grand opening Los Angeles Times Archived from the original on June 4 2016 Retrieved May 10 2016 Abelman Devon June 17 2017 Kim Kardashian Is Launching a Beauty Line Called KKW Beauty Allure Retrieved July 5 2020 Rennert Jenna November 13 2017 Kim Kardashian West Reveals Her New Fragrance And It s Not What You d Expect Vogue Retrieved July 5 2020 Petit Stephanie January 17 2017 Kim Kardashian and Kendall Jenner will make cameos in Ocean s Eight Entertainment Weekly Retrieved January 17 2017 Petit Stephanie January 17 2017 Kim Kardashian and Kendall Jenner Are Making Cameos in Ocean s Eight People Retrieved January 17 2017 Ho Vivian July 1 2019 KimOhNo Kim Kardashian West renames Kimono brand amid outcry The Guardian ISSN 0261 3077 Retrieved July 2 2019 Woodyatt Amy July 1 2019 Japan to send trademark officials to US over Kim Kardashian West kimono row CNN Style Retrieved July 2 2019 Ilchi Layla August 26 2019 Kim Kardashian Reveals New Name for Shapewear Brand After Backlash WWD Retrieved August 7 2022 Thomas Lauren August 26 2019 In wake of Kimono uproar Kim Kardashian names shapewear company Skims CNBC Retrieved August 7 2022 De Leon Pauline September 12 2019 Kim Kardashian s SKIMS Shapewear Has Sold Out on the First Day Earning 2 Million USD Hypebae Retrieved August 8 2022 Multiple sources Smith Talia October 11 2019 Kim Kardashian West Announces Launch of New Cotton Based SKIMS Collection Teen Vogue Retrieved August 8 2022 Stockists SKIMS Retrieved August 7 2022 Schumacker Annie December 13 2020 Exclusive Kim Kardashian West on Launching Skims in the Middle East Vogue Arabia Retrieved August 8 2022 Weinstock Tish March 9 2021 Kim Kardashian West chats to Vogue about inclusivity diversity and the future of SKIMS Vogue India Retrieved August 7 2022 Lee Amy February 5 2020 Kim Kardashian s SKIMS Is Now Available at Nordstrom Shop the Best Selling Styles ET Online Retrieved August 8 2022 Parker Erin February 5 2020 Kim Kardashian on the Skims Nordstrom Launch and Not Staying in Your Lane Glamour Retrieved August 8 2020 Maguire Lucy October 26 2020 Kim Kardashian West On shapewear Vogue Business Retrieved August 8 2022 Multiple sources Finney Alice October 4 2021 Kim Kardashian launches first pop up SKIMS store in Paris Dezeen Retrieved August 8 2022 Widjojo Conchita November 10 2021 Fendi x Skims Opens Pop ups Worldwide Including on Beverly Hills Rodeo Drive WWD Retrieved August 8 2022 Faroute Adrienne November 12 2021 FENDI x SKIMS Opens a Special Pop Up in LA Haute Living Retrieved August 8 2022 Batchelor Renee November 8 2021 Singapore Is One Of Four Cities To Pre Launch The Fendi And Skims Collection Elle Singapore Retrieved August 8 2022 Gil Virginia March 16 2022 SKIMS opens its first ever Miami pop up this weekend Time Out Retrieved August 8 2022 Hills Megan C June 29 2021 Kim Kardashian s label will supply Team USA with undergarments and loungewear CNN Style Retrieved June 29 2021 Frey Kaitlyn January 13 2022 Kim Kardashian s SKIMS Continues Team USA Partnership for Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics People Retrieved August 7 2022 Tingley Anna January 25 2022 Kim Kardashian s Skims and Team USA Drop New Collection Ahead of the Beijing Olympics Variety Retrieved August 8 2022 Multiple sources Iredale Jessica October 25 2021 Kim Kardashian West s Skims to Partner With Fendi The Wall Street Journal Retrieved January 31 2022 Matera Avery October 27 2021 Where To Get Your Hands On Fendi X Skims Before It Sells Out Bustle Retrieved August 8 2022 Celeste Sofia November 8 2021 How SKIMS And Fendi Came Together For A Dreamy Logomania Inspired Collaboration Harper s Bazaar Arabia Retrieved August 7 2022 Murray Daisy December 7 2021 Kim Kardashian Announces Surprise Second Drop Of Fendi X SKIMS Collaboration ELLE UK Retrieved August 7 2022 Florsheim Lane November 1 2021 The Wall Street Journal Innovators Awards 2021 Celebrating Kim Kardashian West Ryan Reynolds Lil Nas X and More WSJ Magazine ISSN 0099 9660 Retrieved August 8 2022 Bhasin Kim January 27 2022 Kim Kardashian s Skims Doubles Valuation to 3 2 Billion Bloomberg Retrieved August 8 2022 Kim Kardashian Pokes Fun at Kanye West O J Simpson and Others in Hilarious SNL Monologue E Online October 10 2021 Retrieved October 10 2021 Multiple sources Ansari Talal January 11 2022 Kim Kardashian Floyd Mayweather Jr Others Sued Over Cryptocurrency Promotion The Wall Street Journal News Corp Retrieved July 13 2022 Gonzalez Oscar January 11 2022 Kim Kardashian Floyd Mayweather Jr sued for alleged crypto pump and dump CNET Red Ventures Retrieved July 13 2022 Lawler Richard February 18 2022 Influencers beware promoting the wrong crypto could mean facing a class action lawsuit The Verge Vox Media Retrieved July 13 2022 Multiple sources SEC Charges Kim Kardashian for Unlawfully Touting Crypto Security U S Security and Exchanges Commission October 3 2022 Retrieved November 22 2022 Calia Mike October 3 2022 Kim Kardashian pays over 1 million to settle SEC charges linked to a crypto promo on her Instagram CNBC Retrieved October 3 2022 Michaels Dave October 3 2022 Kim Kardashian Paying 1 26 Million to Settle SEC Investigation Into Role in Crypto Deal The Wall Street Journal News Corp Retrieved October 3 2022 Picciotto Rebecca December 7 2022 Federal judge dismisses crypto scam lawsuit against Kim Kardashian Floyd Mayweather Jr CNBC Retrieved December 7 2022 Kiderlin Sophie Kim Kardashian launches private equity firm becoming the latest celeb to enter the investment industry CNBC Retrieved October 4 2022 Malkin Mark July 6 2022 Kim Kardashian and Nicole Kidman Walk in the Balenciaga Fashion Show and More Photos From Paris Haute Couture Week Vogue Retrieved July 8 2022 a b Kim Kardashian Biography People Archived from the original on January 1 2014 Retrieved January 5 2018 Waldholz Chantal February 7 2014 Rob Kardashian Fears Marriage Because of Divorce 5 Reasons That s Not Exactly Surprising Life amp Style Retrieved July 2 2014 Kim Kardashian Says She Was High on Ecstasy During First Wedding and When She Made a Sex Tape Retrieved November 26 2018 Vena Jocelyn October 31 2011 Kim Kardashian And Kris Humphries A Timeline MTV News Viacom Media Networks Retrieved October 31 2011 Garcia Jennifer August 20 2011 Kim Kardashian and Kris Humphries Are Married People Time Inc Archived from the original on September 25 2011 Retrieved August 21 2011 Meagan Morris August 3 2011 Kim Kardashian reveals new wedding day fragrance Love Sheknows com Retrieved June 16 2013 Hughes Sarah Anne October 7 2011 Kim Kardashian wedding special to air this Sunday Will you watch The Washington Post Retrieved December 2 2011 Garcia Jennifer Fleeman Mike October 31 2011 Kim Kardashian Files for Divorce from Kris Humphries People Retrieved July 2 2014 Was Kardashian marriage a sham Chicago Tribune November 1 2011 Archived from the original on November 2 2011 Retrieved November 1 2011 Finn Natalie February 22 2012 Kim Kardashian Very Happy With Apology From Blogger Who Called Her Marriage Staged E Online NBCUniversal Retrieved June 7 2015 Marikar Sheila November 16 2011 Thousands Sign No More Kardashian ABC News Disney Media Networks Retrieved July 26 2012 Tikkanen Amy Kim Kardashian American television personality and entrepreneur Britannica Retrieved June 12 2016 TODAY staff May 26 2014 Kim Kardashian Kanye West marry in Italy Today Retrieved June 7 2015 While still legally married to Humphries Kardashian began dating West in April 2012 Fleeman Mike June 4 2013 Kim Kardashian and Kris Humphries Finalize Divorce People Retrieved June 7 2013 Howard Michael October 22 2013 Kim Kardashian and Kanye West Engaged ABC News Disney Media Networks Retrieved June 20 2015 Corriston Michelle May 24 2014 It s Official Kim Kardashian and Kanye West Are Married People Retrieved May 24 2014 Kratofil Colleen May 19 2016 Kim Kardashian West Takes Fans Inside Her Wedding Dress Fittings and the Photos Are too Good to Miss People Retrieved December 4 2016 Kim Kardashian Wedding Fashion Designer Michael Costello Dishes on His Custom Looks for Kimye s Guests May 16 2014 Slonin Jeffrey Quinn Dave December 13 2022 Teyana Who Kanye West Says Kim Kardashian West Is His Yeezy Muse People Retrieved December 19 2019 Melas Chloe Kim Kardashian and Kanye West discussing divorce CNN Retrieved January 8 2021 Dasarth Diana February 19 2021 Kim Kardashian files for divorce from Kanye West NBC News Retrieved February 19 2021 Kim Kardashian and Kanye West agree joint custody after divorce BBC News BBC April 13 2021 Retrieved April 13 2021 AP February 25 2022 Kim Kardashian asks court to move forward on divorce with Kanye Gulf News Retrieved February 25 2022 Dillon Nancy March 2 2022 Kim Kardashian Is a Single Woman Again Rolling Stone Retrieved March 2 2022 Rice Nicholas March 4 2022 Kim Kardashian Drops West from Social Media Handles After Being Declared Legally Single People Retrieved December 1 2022 Wenger Stephanie November 29 2022 Kim Kardashian and Kanye West Finalize Divorce Rapper Must Pay 200K Per Month in Child Support People Retrieved November 30 2022 Jess Cohen January 5 2022 Kim Kardashian and Pete Davidson Are Getting Very Serious Inside Their Exciting Romance EONLINE Retrieved January 6 2022 Durney Ellen Pete Davidson Just Confirmed That Kim Kardashian Is His Girlfriend In A Live Interview After Being Exposed For Having A Candle With Her Face On It In His Bedroom BuzzFeed News Retrieved February 12 2022 Kim Kardashian and Pete Davidson Break Up After 9 Months of Dating E Online www eonline com Retrieved August 5 2022 a b Whittaker Alexandra May 17 2018 The Religious Ritual Kim Kardashian Practices Every Morning InStyle Retrieved May 28 2018 Kim Kardashian also baptized in Etchmiadzin named Heghine PHOTO news am October 9 2019 Kim Kardashian in Jerusalem for Daughter s Baptism wfmynews2 com Archived from the original on January 6 2016 Retrieved December 30 2015 North West Gets Baptized in Jerusalem Moms amp Babies Celebrity Babies and Kids Moms amp Babies People com People Archived from the original on March 10 2016 Retrieved December 30 2015 Kardashian Baptizes Children In Private Ceremony At Vatican Of Armenian Church RFE RL October 7 2019 Kim and Kourtney Kardashian baptize their children in Armenia s Etchmiadzin Armenpress October 7 2019 Kim and Kourtney Kardashian Baptize Children at Etchmiadzin Asbarez October 7 2019 Johnson Zach June 26 2013 Kris Jenner Defends Granddaughter North West s Name on The View Us Weekly Retrieved June 26 2013 Ross Ashley December 7 2015 The Long History Behind Kim and Kanye s New Baby s Name Time Retrieved December 8 2015 Swartz Tracy Kanye West Kim Kardashian name baby Chicago West Chicago Tribune Juneau Jen May 10 2019 He s Here Kim Kardashian and Kanye West Welcome Son He s Perfect People Retrieved May 10 2019 Kim Kardashian shares first photo of newborn son and reveals his name Entertainment Weekly May 17 2019 Retrieved May 18 2019 Ritschel Chelsea December 13 2019 Kim Kardashian says she had to undergo five operations after pregnancy The Independent Retrieved January 28 2021 a b Fisher Luchina March 13 2018 Kim Kardashian West explains why she chose a surrogate for her third child ABC News Retrieved January 28 2021 King Brittany April 2 2017 Kim Kardashian West Reveals She Can t Carry Any More Kids and Looks to Surrogacy I Give Up People Andriakos Jacqueline March 27 2017 What You Need to Know About Kim Kardashian West s High Risk Pregnancy People Retrieved January 28 2021 Barr Sabrina September 20 2019 Kim Kardashian discusses painful and scary psoriatic arthritis diagnosis in new essay The Independent Retrieved January 28 2021 Woodward Ellie May 27 2021 Kim Kardashian Tested Positive For COVID Days After Returning From Her Controversial Island Birthday Trip BuzzFeed News Retrieved May 30 2021 Lindsay Duncan May 29 2021 Kim Kardashian denies that she caught Covid 19 during that controversial island party Metro co uk Retrieved May 30 2021 Wealth X UHNW Valuation Update Kim Kardashian and Kanye West s Combined Net Worth Estimated At US 155 Million After Kimye Florentine Wedding Yahoo Finance PR Newswire May 28 2014 Archived from the original on October 19 2014 Retrieved October 11 2014 33 Kim Kardashian Forbes Retrieved July 25 2015 Legal Documents Reveal Kim Kardashian Makes 300K to 500K Per Instagram Post Complex Retrieved May 5 2019 Hayley Krischer August 9 2014 Kim Kardashian Estimated 40 million Daily Worth Retrieved February 22 2016 Robehmed Natalie July 11 2018 Why Kim Kardashian West Is Worth 350 Million Forbes Retrieved July 13 2018 Kim Kardashian Kris Humphries Divorce By the Numbers Hollywood Reporter Berg Madeline April 6 2021 Kim Kardashian West Is Officially A Billionaire Forbes Retrieved April 6 2021 Kim Kardashian Bound and Gagged at gunpoint Teen Vogue October 3 2016 Retrieved October 4 2016 Kim Kardashian was bound gagged and begging for life during Paris jewelry robbery New York Daily News Archived from the original on January 1 2017 Retrieved October 4 2016 Puente Maria October 3 2016 Kim Kardashian s Paris trauma What we know USA Today Retrieved October 3 2016 Charlton Angela Petrequin Samuel October 3 2016 Armed jewelry thieves target Kardashian West in Paris The Big Story Archived from the original on March 2 2017 Retrieved October 4 2016 Grinberg Emanuella Melas Chloe Sutton Joe October 3 2016 Kim Kardashian West in New York after robbery CNN Retrieved October 4 2016 How Kim Kardashian Escaped After Being Bound and Gagged by Her Attackers Cosmopolitan October 4 2016 Retrieved October 4 2016 Keeping Up With the Kardashians placed on hold indefinitely New York Daily News Retrieved October 6 2016 French police suspected Kardashian West of letting the robbers in CNN October 12 2016 Did Kim Kardashian Pull A Ryan Lochte Dlisted October 11 2016 Kim Kardashian Exposed Major Holes In Robbery Story Police Video Radar October 11 2016 UPDATED Kim Kardashian Is Suing Multiple Sites for Claiming She Made Up Her Paris Robbery Cosmopolitan Kim Kardashian West Sues Over Staged Robbery Claims ABC News Kim Kardashian did not fake her robbery and she ll sue to prove it Rueters Kim Kardashian Drops MediaTakeOut Lawsuit Fortune Kim Kardashian Halts MediaTakeOut Lawsuit Vanity Fair Wagmeister Elizabeth October 26 2016 Keeping Up With the Kardashians Resumes Production With Kim Following Paris Robbery Variety Retrieved January 10 2017 Cornevin Oceane January 9 2017 Kim Kardashian West robbery suspects picked up by French police CNN Retrieved August 21 2021 French police arrest 16 in Kardashian Paris robbery case France 24 September 1 2017 Retrieved August 21 2021 Paris prosecutors seek trial for Kim Kardashian jewellery theft suspects France 24 April 6 2020 Retrieved August 21 2021 Langsdon Ian January 13 2017 France s Nickname for Kardashian Suspects Grandpa Robbers The New York Times Retrieved August 21 2021 Man who robbed Kim Kardashian in Paris recounts heist in tell all book France 24 March 2 2021 Retrieved August 21 2021 Weaver Caity July 2016 Kim Kardashian West on Kanye and Taylor Swift What s in O J s Bag and Understanding Caitlyn GQ Retrieved September 24 2016 Fray Keith December 18 2017 Best statistics of 2017 are 69 and 0 1 Financial Times Retrieved July 22 2022 And the winner of the international statistic of the year is World Economic Forum January 2 2018 Retrieved July 3 2019 Why Kanye s Uganda trip was controversial October 16 2018 Retrieved March 12 2019 Why Kanye West and Kim Kardashian Are Being Criticized for Meeting With Uganda s President Time Retrieved March 12 2019 Jason Burke October 16 2018 Bobi Wine attacks Kanye West over Museveni meeting The Guardian ISSN 0261 3077 Retrieved March 12 2019 The Awakening of Kim Kardashian West Vogue April 10 2019 Retrieved April 13 2019 Kim Kardashian reveals second law exam fail in TV show finale BBC News June 11 2021 Retrieved June 11 2021 Kim Kardashian fails law exam for a second time The Independent June 11 2021 Retrieved June 11 2021 Christen Jones Zoe December 13 2021 Kim Kardashian West passes baby bar law exam CBS News Retrieved December 13 2021 Ghazanchyan Siranush September 27 2020 Kim Kardashian calls to condemn Azerbaijani aggression against Artsakh cut off US military aid Public Radio of Armenia Retrieved October 3 2020 Blair Caroline October 2 2020 Kardashians voice their opinions on an international crisis Heavy Retrieved October 3 2020 Brown Daniel November 20 2021 Kim Kardashian and Leeds United help Afghan women s football team who escaped Taliban SportsJoe Retrieved November 20 2021 Kim Kardashian and Leeds aid Afghan female footballers flight to Britain Kuwait Times November 20 2021 Retrieved November 20 2021 a b Bacardi Francesca September 27 2021 Kim Kardashian donates 3K to mother of four s GoFundMe Page Six New York Post Retrieved January 31 2022 A Look Back at the Kardashian Family s Humble Armenian Roots People April 10 2015 Retrieved April 28 2016 Kardashian sisters talk fashion and their Scottish links Daily Record November 9 2012 Retrieved January 26 2017 Kim Kardashian The Armenian Interview April 3 2010 Archived from the original on May 25 2012 Retrieved January 26 2017 Time to Recognize the Armenian Genocide Says Kim Kardashian Asbarez April 21 2011 Archived from the original on July 23 2011 Retrieved May 11 2011 Kim Kardashian West Armenian Genocide Victims Should Never Be Forgotten Time April 24 2015 Retrieved April 28 2016 Kim Kardashian calls for recognition of Armenian Genocide Public Radio of Armenia April 25 2016 Retrieved April 28 2016 Kim Kardashian Is Taking Down the Wall Street Journal Ad Denying Armenian Genocide Mic April 27 2016 Retrieved April 28 2016 Kim Kardashian West whose father was Armenian American thanked Biden for formally recognizing the Armenian genocide Insider Inc April 24 2021 Retrieved April 25 2021 Kim and Khloe Kardashian s Emotional Visit to the Armenia Genocide Memorial People April 10 2015 Retrieved April 28 2016 Shafer Ellise October 11 2020 Kim Kardashian West Donates 1 Million to Armenia Fund Amid Ongoing Conflict With Azerbaijan Variety Variety Retrieved October 11 2020 Mccarty Tyler October 11 2020 Kim Kardashian West donates 1M to Armenia Fund amid ongoing conflict urges followers to donate too Fox News Retrieved October 11 2020 Amy Mackelden June 6 2018 Who is Alice Marie Johnson Harper s Bazaar Adriana Diaz June 7 2018 Alice Johnson embracing newfound freedom after two decades behind bars CBS News Memphis drug dealer gets life in prison Associated Press February 23 1997 Oliphant James Wolfe Jan June 6 2018 Trump commutes sentence after appeal by Kim Kardashian Reuters McDonell Parry Amelia September 6 2018 Kim Kardashian Activist Visits White House to Call for Prisoner Freedom Rolling Stone Retrieved October 29 2018 Jeremy Diamond and Alex Rogers December 19 2018 How Jared Kushner Kim Kardashian West and Congress drove the criminal justice overhaul CNN Retrieved March 12 2019 The Inside Story of How Prison Reform Got Done Time Retrieved March 12 2019 Andrews Dyer Helena January 31 2019 Kim Kardashian is still fighting for criminal justice reform The Washington Post Retrieved March 12 2019 a b c Johnson George May 12 2019 Opinion Kim Kardashian s prison reform work reveals downsides of celebrity activism NBC News Retrieved May 14 2019 Example headlines Melas Chloe May 7 2019 Kim Kardashian West has helped free 17 inmates in 90 days CNN Retrieved May 14 2019 MTV News Staff May 8 2019 Kim Kardashian West Helped Free 17 More People From Prison MTV News Retrieved May 14 2019 Lewis Sophie May 8 2019 Kim Kardashian West has helped free 17 people from prison in the last 90 days www cbsnews com Retrieved May 14 2019 Barnett Brittany Brittany K Barnett is asking for donations Facebook Archived from the original on May 8 2019 Retrieved May 14 2019 WILLIAM COWEN TRACE May 10 2019 Lawyer Brittany K Barnett Gives Backstory of Kim Kardashian s Work With 90 Days of Freedom Complex Retrieved May 15 2019 a b Martinez Kiko April 6 2022 Kim Kardashian Advocates for Texas Death Row Inmate Melissa Lucio Remezcla Retrieved April 6 2022 Marcus Josh April 6 2022 Why Kim Kardashian and others are rallying to stop the tragic execution of Melissa Lucio in Texas The Independent Retrieved April 6 2022 Wynne Kelly April 26 2022 Kim Kardashian Celebrates Melissa Lucio Being Granted Stay of Execution Best News Ever People Retrieved July 8 2022 Seemayer Zach July 20 2022 Kim Kardashian Supports Free Gunna Movement as Rapper Petitions Jail Release eOne Retrieved July 21 2022 Gunna Denied Release From Jail Once Again Despite Protests From Lawyers Billboard October 13 2022 Retrieved October 14 2022 Teen Choice Awards Nominations 2008 Los Angeles Times Archived from the original on September 12 2008 Retrieved April 1 2013 Announcing the Winners of the 2009 Teen Choice Awards Buzz Sugar Archived from the original on October 12 2013 Retrieved August 9 2009 a b c 2010 Teen Choice Awards Winners List Twilight Saga Justin Bieber and Miley Cyrus are the night s big winners MTV News Viacom Media Networks August 9 2010 Retrieved June 29 2015 Selena Gomez Justin Bieber win Teen Choice Awards Gulf News Associated Press August 8 2011 Retrieved August 30 2021 Girl Cosmo July 1 2011 2011 Teen Choice Awards Nominees Seventeen Retrieved August 30 2021 Teen Choice Awards 2012 Complete Winners List Justin Bieber Taylor Swift and Hunger Games clean up Sunday night MTV News Viacom Media Networks Retrieved July 22 2012 Teen Choice Awards 2013 Full list of winners Daily News New York Retrieved August 12 2013 Crist Allison Nordyke Kimberly July 31 2016 Teen Choice Awards Winners List Hollywood Reporter Retrieved August 30 2021 Box Office Hits Remakes and Sequels Dominate This Year s RAZZIE Nominations Razzie Archived from the original on January 20 2013 Retrieved May 31 2013 Sitzer Carly January 3 2014 Kim Kardashian Nominated For Worst Actress Razzie Award Check Out 5 Other Questionable Honors She s Received In Touch Weekly Retrieved January 15 2014 People s Choice Awards 2012 Winners List Katy Perry Harry Potter and Emma Stone nab multiple awards MTV News Viacom Media Networks Retrieved January 12 2012 People s Choice Awards 2017 See the Full List of Winners Billboard Retrieved March 16 2019 Glamour June 20 2011 Kim Kardashian accepts her GLAMOUR Award Glamour UK Retrieved March 19 2019 CFDA cfda com Retrieved March 19 2019 External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kim Kardashian Official website Kim Kardashian at IMDb Appearances on C SPAN Portals Biography Television Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Kim Kardashian amp oldid 1131063278, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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