Carl Gustav Carus (3 January 1789 – 28 July 1869) was a German physiologist and painter, born in Leipzig, who played various roles during the Romantic era. A friend of the writer Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, he was a many-sided man: a doctor, a naturalist, a scientist, a psychologist, and a landscape painter who studied under Caspar David Friedrich.
Carl Gustav Carus - Ruine Eldena mit Hütte bei Greifswald im Mondschein
In 1811 he graduated as a doctor of medicine and a doctor of philosophy. In 1814 he was appointed professor of obstetrics and director of the maternity clinic at the teaching institution for medicine and surgery in Dresden. He wrote on art theory. From 1814 to 1817 he taught himself oil painting working under Caspar David Friedrich, a Dresden landscape painter. Subsequently, he studied under Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld at the Oeser drawing academy.
When the King of Saxony, Frederick Augustus II, made an informal tour of Britain in 1844, Carus accompanied him as his personal physician. It was not a state visit, but the King, with Carus, was the guest of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert at Windsor Castle, and Carus was able to visit many of the sights in London and the university cities of Oxford and Cambridge, and meet others active in the field of scientific discoveries. They toured widely in England, Wales and Scotland, and afterwards Carus published, on the basis of his journal, The King of Saxony's Journey through England and Scotland, 1844.[1]
The grave of Carl Gustav Carus, Trinitatis-friedhof, Dresden
He developed a theory of landscape painting whose objective was the visualization of the inner workings of geological phenomena, which he called "Erdlebenbildkunst" (pictorial art of the life of the earth).[4]
Although various philosophers, among them Leibniz, Kant, and Schelling, had already pointed very clearly to the problem of the dark side of the psyche, it was a physician who felt impelled, from his scientific and medical experience, to point to the unconscious as the essential basis of the psyche. This was C. G. Carus, the authority whom Eduard von Hartmann followed. (Jung [1959] 1969, par. 259)
Carus died in Dresden. He is buried in the Trinitatis-Friedhof (Trinitatis Cemetery) east of the city centre. The grave lies in the south-west section, against the southern wall.
Familyedit
His daughter Charlotte Carus married the artist Ernst Rietschel.
Erläuterungstafeln zur vergleichenden Anatomie (1826–1855).
Von den äusseren Lebensbedingungen der weiss- und kaltblütigen Tiere (1824).
Über den Blutkreislauf der Insekten (1827).
Grundzüge der vergleichenden Anatomie und Physiologie (1828).
Lehrbuch der Physiologie für Naturforscher und Aerzte (1838)- also medical
Zwölf Briefe über das Erdleben (1841).
Natur und Idee oder das Werdende und sein Gesetz. 1861.
Medical
Lehrbuch der Gynekologie (1820, 1838).
Grundzüge einer neuen Kranioskopie (1841).
System der Physiologie (1847–1849).
Erfahrungsresultate aus ärztlichen Studien und ärztlichen Wirken (1859).
Neuer Atlas der Kranioskopie (1864).
Psychology, metaphysics, race, physiognomy
Vorlesungen über Psychologie (1831).
Psyche; zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Seele (1846, 1851).
Über Grund und Bedeutung der verschiedenen Formen der Hand in veschiedenen Personen (About the reason and significance of the various forms of hand in different persons)(1846).
Über die ungleiche Befähigung der verschiedenen Menschenstämme für höhere geistige Entwicklung (About the unequal aptitude of the different human tribes for higher mental development)(1849).
Physis. Zur Geschichte des leiblichen Lebens (1851).
Denkschrift zum 100jährigen Geburtstagsfeste Goethes. Über ungleiche Befähigung der verschiedenen Symbolik der menschlichen Gestalt (1852, 1858).
Über Lebensmagnetismus und über die magischen Wirkungen überhaupt (1857).
Über die typisch gewordenen Abbildungen menschlicher Kopfformen (1863).
Goethe dessen seine Bedeutung für unsere und die kommende Zeit (1863).
Lebenserinnerungen und Denkwürdigkeiten – 4 volumes (1865–1866).
Vergleichende Psychologie oder Geschichte der Seele in der Reihenfolge der Tierwelt (1866).
Art
Neun Briefe über Landschaftsmalerei. Zuvor ein Brief von Goethe als Einleitung (1819–1831).
Die Lebenskunst nach den Inschriften des Tempels zu Delphi ( 1863).
Betrachtungen und Gedanken vor auserwählten Bildern der Dresdener Galerie (1867).
Travel
Sicilien und Neapel (1856).
Translations
Carus' translation of Dante Alighieri's Divine Comedy, Paradise, Canto I. at academia.edu
^C.G.Carus, The King of Saxony's Journey through England and Scotland, 1844, english edition, London, Chapman and Hall, 1846
^Ellenberger, Henri F. (1970). The Discovery of the Unconscious: The History and Evolution of Dynamic Psychiatry. New York: Basic Books. pp. 207. ISBN978-0-465-01672-3.
^Whyte, Lancelot Law (1960). The Unconscious before Freud. New York: Basic Books. p. 148.
Jung, C.G. ([1959] 1969). The Archetypes and the Collective Unconscious, Collected Works, Volume 9, Part 1, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. ISBN0-691-01833-2.
Media related to Carl Gustav Carus at Wikimedia Commons
Caspar David Friedrich: Moonwatchers, a full text exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art, which contains material on Carl Gustav Carus (no. 10–11)
German masters of the nineteenth century: paintings and drawings from the Federal Republic of Germany, a full text exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art, which contains material on Carl Gustav Carus (no. 11–12)
Carus, Carl Gustav (1848). Mnemosyne. Pforzheim: Flammer und Hofmann.
Carl Gustav Carus' translation of Dante Alighieri's Paradise, canto I, at academia.edu 1 July 2020 at the Wayback Machine
February 25, 2024
carl, gustav, carus, january, 1789, july, 1869, german, physiologist, painter, born, leipzig, played, various, roles, during, romantic, friend, writer, johann, wolfgang, goethe, many, sided, doctor, naturalist, scientist, psychologist, landscape, painter, stud. Carl Gustav Carus 3 January 1789 28 July 1869 was a German physiologist and painter born in Leipzig who played various roles during the Romantic era A friend of the writer Johann Wolfgang von Goethe he was a many sided man a doctor a naturalist a scientist a psychologist and a landscape painter who studied under Caspar David Friedrich Carl Gustav CarusPortrait by Johann Carl RosslerBorn 1789 01 03 3 January 1789Died28 July 1869 1869 07 28 aged 80 Known forPainting Contents 1 Life and work 2 Family 3 Botanical Reference 4 Written works 5 Art gallery 6 See also 7 References 8 Sources 9 External linksLife and work edit nbsp Carl Gustav Carus Ruine Eldena mit Hutte bei Greifswald im MondscheinIn 1811 he graduated as a doctor of medicine and a doctor of philosophy In 1814 he was appointed professor of obstetrics and director of the maternity clinic at the teaching institution for medicine and surgery in Dresden He wrote on art theory From 1814 to 1817 he taught himself oil painting working under Caspar David Friedrich a Dresden landscape painter Subsequently he studied under Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld at the Oeser drawing academy When the King of Saxony Frederick Augustus II made an informal tour of Britain in 1844 Carus accompanied him as his personal physician It was not a state visit but the King with Carus was the guest of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert at Windsor Castle and Carus was able to visit many of the sights in London and the university cities of Oxford and Cambridge and meet others active in the field of scientific discoveries They toured widely in England Wales and Scotland and afterwards Carus published on the basis of his journal The King of Saxony s Journey through England and Scotland 1844 1 nbsp The grave of Carl Gustav Carus Trinitatis friedhof DresdenHe is best known to scientists for originating the concept of the vertebrate archetype a seminal idea in the development of Darwin s theory of evolution In 1836 he was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences 2 Carus is also noted for Psyche 1846 3 He developed a theory of landscape painting whose objective was the visualization of the inner workings of geological phenomena which he called Erdlebenbildkunst pictorial art of the life of the earth 4 Carl Jung credited Carus with pointing to the unconscious as the essential basis of the psyche Although various philosophers among them Leibniz Kant and Schelling had already pointed very clearly to the problem of the dark side of the psyche it was a physician who felt impelled from his scientific and medical experience to point to the unconscious as the essential basis of the psyche This was C G Carus the authority whom Eduard von Hartmann followed Jung 1959 1969 par 259 Carus died in Dresden He is buried in the Trinitatis Friedhof Trinitatis Cemetery east of the city centre The grave lies in the south west section against the southern wall Family editHis daughter Charlotte Carus married the artist Ernst Rietschel Botanical Reference editThe standard author abbreviation Carus is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name 5 Written works edit nbsp Carl Gustav Carus by Julius Hubner nbsp Memory of a Wooded Island in the Baltic Sea Oak trees by the Sea Zoology entomology comparative anatomy evolutionLehrbuch der Zootomie 1818 1834 Erlauterungstafeln zur vergleichenden Anatomie 1826 1855 Von den ausseren Lebensbedingungen der weiss und kaltblutigen Tiere 1824 Uber den Blutkreislauf der Insekten 1827 Grundzuge der vergleichenden Anatomie und Physiologie 1828 Lehrbuch der Physiologie fur Naturforscher und Aerzte 1838 also medical Zwolf Briefe uber das Erdleben 1841 Natur und Idee oder das Werdende und sein Gesetz 1861 MedicalLehrbuch der Gynekologie 1820 1838 Grundzuge einer neuen Kranioskopie 1841 System der Physiologie 1847 1849 Erfahrungsresultate aus arztlichen Studien und arztlichen Wirken 1859 Neuer Atlas der Kranioskopie 1864 Psychology metaphysics race physiognomyVorlesungen uber Psychologie 1831 Psyche zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Seele 1846 1851 Uber Grund und Bedeutung der verschiedenen Formen der Hand in veschiedenen Personen About the reason and significance of the various forms of hand in different persons 1846 Uber die ungleiche Befahigung der verschiedenen Menschenstamme fur hohere geistige Entwicklung About the unequal aptitude of the different human tribes for higher mental development 1849 Physis Zur Geschichte des leiblichen Lebens 1851 Denkschrift zum 100jahrigen Geburtstagsfeste Goethes Uber ungleiche Befahigung der verschiedenen Symbolik der menschlichen Gestalt 1852 1858 Uber Lebensmagnetismus und uber die magischen Wirkungen uberhaupt 1857 Uber die typisch gewordenen Abbildungen menschlicher Kopfformen 1863 Goethe dessen seine Bedeutung fur unsere und die kommende Zeit 1863 Lebenserinnerungen und Denkwurdigkeiten 4 volumes 1865 1866 Vergleichende Psychologie oder Geschichte der Seele in der Reihenfolge der Tierwelt 1866 ArtNeun Briefe uber Landschaftsmalerei Zuvor ein Brief von Goethe als Einleitung 1819 1831 Die Lebenskunst nach den Inschriften des Tempels zu Delphi 1863 Betrachtungen und Gedanken vor auserwahlten Bildern der Dresdener Galerie 1867 TravelSicilien und Neapel 1856 TranslationsCarus translation of Dante Alighieri s Divine Comedy Paradise Canto I at academia eduArt gallery edit nbsp The Colosseum in Moonlight nbsp The Imperial Castle nbsp In Memory of Sorrento nbsp View of Dresden at Sunset nbsp Barge Trip on the Elbe near Dresden nbsp Balcony Room with a View of the Bay of Naples 1829 or 1830 nbsp Italian Moonshine Rome St Peter s in Moonshine nbsp Tintern Abbey nbsp Italian Fishermen in Port nbsp Sailboat nbsp Full Moon near Pillnitz nbsp Woman on the Balcony nbsp Stone Age Mound nbsp The Studio WindowSee also editPhilosophy of the Unconscious von Hartmann List of German paintersReferences edit C G Carus The King of Saxony s Journey through England and Scotland 1844 english edition London Chapman and Hall 1846 Ellenberger Henri F 1970 The Discovery of the Unconscious The History and Evolution of Dynamic Psychiatry New York Basic Books pp 207 ISBN 978 0 465 01672 3 Whyte Lancelot Law 1960 The Unconscious before Freud New York Basic Books p 148 B1005027 1 International Plant Names Index Carus Sources editJung C G 1959 1969 The Archetypes and the Collective Unconscious Collected Works Volume 9 Part 1 Princeton N J Princeton University Press ISBN 0 691 01833 2 Carl GustavCarus Art History Romanticism Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Carus Karl Gustav Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 5 11th ed Cambridge University Press External links edit nbsp Media related to Carl Gustav Carus at Wikimedia Commons Caspar David Friedrich Moonwatchers a full text exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art which contains material on Carl Gustav Carus no 10 11 German masters of the nineteenth century paintings and drawings from the Federal Republic of Germany a full text exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art which contains material on Carl Gustav Carus no 11 12 Carus Carl Gustav 1848 Mnemosyne Pforzheim Flammer und Hofmann Carl Gustav Carus translation of Dante Alighieri s Paradise canto I at academia edu Archived 1 July 2020 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Carl Gustav Carus amp oldid 1192493420, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
