The phonemes /q, ʦ, x, z, ɣ, ɽ/ have likely been introduced by loanwords. The voiceless aspirate series is secure, and, unlike the neighboring Palula language, Kalkoti does not have a breathy voiced series. The phonemic status of /ʔ/ is unclear and is likely tied to tone in Kalkoti.
ToneEdit
Kalkoti's system of tone likely was similar to Shina's two tone system; however, under pressure from its Kohistani neighbors it may now have a more complex tone inventory.[4]
Liljegren, Henrik (2013). "Notes on Kalkoti: A Shina Language with Strong Kohistani Influence". Linguistic Discovery. 11 (1): 129–160. doi:10.1349/PS1.1537-0852.A.423. ISSN 1537-0852.
kalkoti, language, kalkoti, also, known, goedijaa, indo, aryan, language, spoken, kalkot, tehsil, upper, district, pakistan, kalkotiکلکوٹی, کھلکوٹی, کھعلکوٹیpronunciation, kʰælkoːʈ, native, topakistanregionkalkot, tehsilnative, speakers6, 2018, language, famil. Kalkoti also known as Goedijaa 2 is an Indo Aryan language spoken in the Kalkot Tehsil in the Upper Dir district in Pakistan 3 Kalkotiکلکوٹی کھلکوٹی کھعلکوٹیPronunciation kʰaelkoːʈ Native toPakistanRegionKalkot TehsilNative speakers6 000 2018 1 Language familyIndo European Indo IranianIndo AryanDardicShinaKalkotiLanguage codesISO 639 3 a href https iso639 3 sil org code xka class extiw title iso639 3 xka xka a Glottologkalk1245 Contents 1 Phonology 1 1 Vowels 1 2 Consonants 1 3 Tone 2 References 3 BibliographyPhonology EditThe following tables outline the phonology of Kalkoti 4 Vowels Edit Front BackClose ɪ i ː ʊ u ː Mid eː oːOpen e ae ː aː ɑ ː ɒ ː Short vowels are slightly centralized nasalization of vowels may be phonemic 4 Consonants Edit Labial Dental Retroflex Palatal Velar Uvular GlottalNasal m n ɳ ŋ Plosive voiceless p t ʈ k q ʔ aspirated pʰ tʰ ʈʰ kʰvoiced b d ɖ ɡAffricate voiceless ts tʂ tʃaspirated tʂʰ tʃʰvoiced dʒFricative voiceless f s ʂ ʃ xvoiced z ɣLateral lFlap ɾ ɽ Approximant ʋ jThe phonemes q ʦ x z ɣ ɽ have likely been introduced by loanwords The voiceless aspirate series is secure and unlike the neighboring Palula language Kalkoti does not have a breathy voiced series The phonemic status of ʔ is unclear and is likely tied to tone in Kalkoti Tone Edit Kalkoti s system of tone likely was similar to Shina s two tone system however under pressure from its Kohistani neighbors it may now have a more complex tone inventory 4 References Edit Kalkoti at Ethnologue 25th ed 2022 nbsp Liljegren 2013 p 129 Frawley William May 2003 International Encyclopedia of Linguistics 4 Volume Set Oxford University Press USA ISBN 978 0 19 513977 8 a b c Liljegren 2013 pp 134 44 Bibliography EditLiljegren Henrik 2013 Notes on Kalkoti A Shina Language with Strong Kohistani Influence Linguistic Discovery 11 1 129 160 doi 10 1349 PS1 1537 0852 A 423 ISSN 1537 0852 nbsp This article about Indo Aryan languages is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Kalkoti language amp oldid 1175846994, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
