Jeremiah 50

For Jeremiah 50 in the Septuagint, see Jeremiah 43.

Jeremiah 50 is the fiftieth chapter of the Book of Jeremiah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains prophecies attributed to the prophet Jeremiah, and is one of the Books of the Prophets. This chapter is part of a series of "oracles against foreign nations", consisting of chapters 46 to 51.^[1] Chapters 50 and 51 focus on Babylon.^[2][3] The New American Bible (Revised Edition) denotes chapter 50 as "the first oracle against Babylon" and chapter 51 as "the second oracle".^[4] An unnamed "enemy from the North" is predicted to reduce imperial Babylon "to a wasteland".^[2]

Jeremiah 50
← chapter 49 chapter 51 →
A high resolution scan of the Aleppo Codex showing the Book of Jeremiah (the sixth book in Nevi'im).
Book	Book of Jeremiah
Hebrew Bible part	Nevi'im
Order in the Hebrew part	6
Category	Latter Prophets
Christian Bible part	Old Testament
Order in the Christian part	24

Text

The original text was written in Hebrew. This chapter is divided into 46 verses.

Textual witnesses

Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Hebrew are of the Masoretic Text tradition, which includes the Codex Cairensis (895), the Petersburg Codex of the Prophets (916), Aleppo Codex (10th century), Codex Leningradensis (1008).^[5] Some fragments containing parts of this chapter were found among the Dead Sea Scrolls, i.e., 4QJer^e (4Q72b; mid 2nd century BCE^[6]), with extant verses 4-6^[7][8]

There is also a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint (with a different chapter and verse numbering), made in the last few centuries BCE. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus (B; ${\displaystyle {\mathfrak {G}}}$ ^B; 4th century), Codex Sinaiticus (S; BHK: ${\displaystyle {\mathfrak {G}}}$ ^S; 4th century), Codex Alexandrinus (A; ${\displaystyle {\mathfrak {G}}}$ ^A; 5th century) and Codex Marchalianus (Q; ${\displaystyle {\mathfrak {G}}}$ ^Q; 6th century).^[9]

Verse numbering

The order of chapters and verses of the Book of Jeremiah in the English Bibles, Masoretic Text (Hebrew), and Vulgate (Latin), in some places differs from that in the Septuagint (LXX, the Greek Bible used in the Eastern Orthodox Church and others) according to Rahlfs or Brenton. The following table is taken with minor adjustments from Brenton's Septuagint, page 971.^[10]

The order of Computer Assisted Tools for Septuagint/Scriptural Study (CATSS) based on Alfred Rahlfs' Septuaginta (1935) differs in some details from Joseph Ziegler's critical edition (1957) in Göttingen LXX. Swete's Introduction mostly agrees with Rahlfs' edition (=CATSS).^[10]

Hebrew, Vulgate, English	Rahlfs' LXX (CATSS)
50:1-46	27:1-46
43:1-13	50:1-13

Parashot

The parashah sections listed here are based on the Aleppo Codex.^[11] Jeremiah 50 is a part of the prophecies "Against Babylon" in the section of Prophecies against the nations (Jeremiah 46-51). {P}: open parashah; {S}: closed parashah.

{P} 50:1-7 {S} 50:8-16 {S} 50:17 {P} 50:18-20 {P} 50:21 {S} 50:22-27 {S} 50:28-30 {P} 50:31-32 {S} 50:33-46 {S}

Verse 1

The word that the Lord spoke against Babylon and against the land of the Chaldeans by Jeremiah the prophet.^[12]

• "By Jeremiah the prophet": lit. "by the hand of Jeremiah the prophet" (cf. Haggai 1:1; Malachi 1:1; contrast to Jeremiah 46:1; 49:34).^[13]

Verse 3

For out of the north a nation comes up against her [Babylon],

Which shall make her land desolate,

And no one shall dwell therein.

They shall move, they shall depart,

Both man and beast.^[14]

"They shall move" may alternatively read as "they shall wander".^[15] It is "characteristic of Jeremiah" that threatened calamity should come from the north: "first the Scythians and then the Babylonians, whereas the Persians are here meant",^[16] or the Medes.^[17] See, for example, Jeremiah 1:14, 4:6, 6:1, 6:22, 10:22, 13:20 and 46:20.

See also

• Babylon
• Bel
• Chaldea
• Merathaim
• Merodach
• Zion

Related Bible part: Ezekiel 27

References

1. Coogan 2007, pp. 1148 Hebrew Bible.
2. O'Connor 2007, p. 524.
3. Coogan 2007, pp. 1157-1164 Hebrew Bible.
4. "Bible Gateway passage: Jeremiah 50-51 - New American Bible (Revised Edition)". Bible Gateway.
5. Würthwein 1995, pp. 35–37.
6. Sweeney, Marvin A. (2010). Form and Intertextuality in Prophetic and Apocalyptic Literature. Forschungen zum Alten Testament. Vol. 45 (reprint ed.). Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 66. ISBN 9781608994182. ISSN 0940-4155.
7. Ulrich, Eugene, ed. (2010). The Biblical Qumran Scrolls: Transcriptions and Textual Variants. Brill. pp. 583. ISBN 9789004181830. Retrieved May 15, 2017.
8. Fitzmyer, Joseph A. (2008). A Guide to the Dead Sea Scrolls and Related Literature. Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. p. 38. ISBN 9780802862419. Retrieved February 15, 2019.
9. Würthwein 1995, pp. 73–74.
10. "Table of Order of Jeremiah in Hebrew and Septuagint". www.ccel.org.
11. As reflected in the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 edition of the Hebrew Bible in English.
12. Jeremiah 50:1 NKJV
13. Coogan 2007, p. 1157 Hebrew Bible.
14. Jeremiah 50:3: NKJV
15. New King James Version, Footnote c at Jeremiah 50:3
16. Streane, A. W., Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges on Jeremiah 50, accessed 24 April 2019
17. Jeremiah 50:3: Amplified Bible

Sources

• Coogan, Michael David (2007). Coogan, Michael David; Brettler, Marc Zvi; Newsom, Carol Ann; Perkins, Pheme (eds.). The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books: New Revised Standard Version, Issue 48 (Augmented 3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195288810.
• Huey, F. B. (1993). The New American Commentary - Jeremiah, Lamentations: An Exegetical and Theological Exposition of Holy Scripture, NIV Text. B&H Publishing Group. ISBN 9780805401165.
• O'Connor, Kathleen M. (2007). "23. Jeremiah". In Barton, John; Muddiman, John (eds.). The Oxford Bible Commentary (first (paperback) ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. 487–533. ISBN 978-0199277186. Retrieved February 6, 2019.
• Thompson, J. A. (1980). A Book of Jeremiah. The New International Commentary on the Old Testament (illustrated, revised ed.). Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. ISBN 9780802825308.
• Würthwein, Ernst (1995). The Text of the Old Testament. Translated by Rhodes, Erroll F. Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans. ISBN 0-8028-0788-7. Retrieved January 26, 2019.

External links

Jewish

• Jeremiah 50 Hebrew with Parallel English

Christian

• Jeremiah 50, English Translation with Parallel Latin Vulgate