Jackson County, Georgia
Jackson County is a county located in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 75,907.[1] The county seat is Jefferson.[2]
Jackson County | |
|---|---|
Jackson County courthouse in Jefferson | |
Seal | |
Location within the U.S. state of Georgia | |
Georgia's location within the U.S. | |
| Coordinates: 34°08′N 83°34′W / 34.13°N 83.56°W | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Georgia |
| Founded | 1796 |
| Named for | James Jackson |
| Seat | Jefferson |
| Largest city | Jefferson |
| Area | |
| • Total | 343 sq mi (890 km2) |
| • Land | 340 sq mi (900 km2) |
| • Water | 3.4 sq mi (9 km2) 1.0% |
| Population (2020) | |
| • Total | 75,907 |
| • Density | 223/sq mi (86/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC−5 (Eastern) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−4 (EDT) |
| Congressional district | 9th |
| Website | www |
Jackson County comprises the Jefferson, GA Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Atlanta-Athens-Clarke County-Sandy Springs, GA Combined Statistical Area.
History edit
Most of the first non-Native American settlers came from Effingham County in 1786.[3] On February 11, 1796, Jackson County was split off from part of Franklin County, Georgia. The new county was named in honor of Revolutionary War Lieutenant Colonel, Congressman, Senator and Governor James Jackson.[4] The county originally covered an area of approximately 1,800 square miles (4,662.0 km2), with Clarksboro as its first county seat.
In 1801, the Georgia General Assembly granted 40,000 acres (160 km2) of land in Jackson County for a state college. Franklin College (now University of Georgia) began classes the same year, and the city of Athens was developed around the school. Also the same year, a new county was developed around the new college town, and Jackson lost territory to the new Clarke. The county seat was moved to an old Indian village called Thomocoggan, a location with ample water supply from Curry Creek and four large springs. In 1804, the city was renamed Jefferson, after Thomas Jefferson.
Jackson lost more territory in 1811 in the creation of Madison County, in 1818 in the creation of Walton, Gwinnett, and Hall counties, in 1858 in the creation of Banks County,[5] and in 1914 in the creation of Barrow County.
The first county courthouse, a log and wooden frame building with an attached jail, was built on south side of the public square; a second, larger, two-story brick courthouse with a separate jailhouse was built in 1817. In 1880, a third was built on a hill north of the square. This courthouse was the oldest continuously operating courthouse in the United States until 2004, when the current courthouse was constructed north of Jefferson.
Law and government edit
| Commission post | Office holder |
| Chairman | Tom Crow (Jackson County, Georgia) |
| District 1 - Central Jackson | Jim Hix |
| District 2 - North Jackson | Chas Hardy |
| District 3 - West Jackson | Ralph Richardson Jr. |
| District 4 - East Jackson | Marty Seagraves |
| Year | Republican | Democratic | Third party | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | |
| 2020 | 29,502 | 78.29% | 7,642 | 20.28% | 541 | 1.44% |
| 2016 | 21,784 | 79.44% | 4,491 | 16.38% | 1,146 | 4.18% |
| 2012 | 19,135 | 80.59% | 4,238 | 17.85% | 372 | 1.57% |
| 2008 | 17,776 | 77.23% | 4,950 | 21.51% | 290 | 1.26% |
| 2004 | 12,611 | 77.84% | 3,468 | 21.40% | 123 | 0.76% |
| 2000 | 7,878 | 67.71% | 3,420 | 29.39% | 337 | 2.90% |
| 1996 | 4,782 | 50.38% | 3,746 | 39.46% | 964 | 10.16% |
| 1992 | 3,976 | 43.38% | 3,792 | 41.37% | 1,397 | 15.24% |
| 1988 | 4,407 | 62.56% | 2,607 | 37.00% | 31 | 0.44% |
| 1984 | 4,202 | 60.73% | 2,717 | 39.27% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1980 | 2,209 | 31.79% | 4,591 | 66.07% | 149 | 2.14% |
| 1976 | 1,239 | 17.28% | 5,931 | 82.72% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1972 | 4,124 | 79.63% | 1,055 | 20.37% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1968 | 1,139 | 18.52% | 1,537 | 25.00% | 3,473 | 56.48% |
| 1964 | 1,664 | 29.62% | 3,953 | 70.38% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1960 | 472 | 11.44% | 3,653 | 88.56% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1956 | 438 | 12.38% | 3,100 | 87.62% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1952 | 409 | 10.91% | 3,341 | 89.09% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1948 | 145 | 6.53% | 1,866 | 83.98% | 211 | 9.50% |
| 1944 | 221 | 11.19% | 1,754 | 88.81% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1940 | 166 | 9.37% | 1,599 | 90.29% | 6 | 0.34% |
| 1936 | 187 | 7.09% | 2,447 | 92.76% | 4 | 0.15% |
| 1932 | 80 | 5.39% | 1,389 | 93.54% | 16 | 1.08% |
| 1928 | 818 | 48.78% | 859 | 51.22% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1924 | 142 | 11.70% | 993 | 81.80% | 79 | 6.51% |
| 1920 | 334 | 23.81% | 1,069 | 76.19% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1916 | 71 | 5.23% | 1,185 | 87.26% | 102 | 7.51% |
| 1912 | 46 | 2.65% | 1,123 | 64.65% | 568 | 32.70% |
Geography edit
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 343 square miles (890 km2), of which 340 square miles (880 km2) is land and 3.4 square miles (8.8 km2) (1.0%) is water.[8]
The vast majority of Jackson County is located in the Upper Oconee River sub-basin of the Altamaha River basin, with just a small portion of the county's northern edge, between Maysville to just east of Commerce, located in the Broad River sub-basin of the Savannah River basin.[9]
Rivers and creeks edit
- North Oconee River
- Sandy Creek (Georgia)
- Curry Creek
- Middle Oconee River
- Pond Fork
- Allen Creek (Holders Creek)
- Mulberry River
Adjacent counties edit
- Banks County - north
- Madison County - east
- Clarke County - southeast
- Barrow County - west
- Hall County - northwest
Transportation edit
Major highways edit
- Interstate 85
- U.S. Route 129
-
U.S. Route 129 Business - U.S. Route 441
-
U.S. Route 441 Business - State Route 11
- State Route 11 Business
- State Route 11 Connector
- State Route 15
- State Route 15 Alternate
- State Route 53
- State Route 59
- State Route 60
- State Route 82
- State Route 82 Connector
- State Route 98
- State Route 124
- State Route 330
- State Route 332
- State Route 334
- State Route 335
- State Route 346 (former)
- State Route 403 (unsigned designation for I-85)
Pedestrians and cycling edit
- Fox Smallwood Dr Trail[10]
- American Veterans Memorial Park Trail
- Commerce Middle School Track
- Curry Creek Reservoir Trail
- Jefferson Memorial Stadium Track
- East Jackson Park Walking Trail
- South Jackson Elementary Nature Trail & Walking Track
- Hurricane Shoals Nature Trail
- Sells Mill Nature Trail
- Sandy Creek Park Walking Trail
- Braselton Riverwalk Trail
- East Jackson High School Track
- W Jackson Middle School Track
- West Jackson Park Walking Track
- Jackson County High School Track & Nature Trail
Demographics edit
| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1800 | 7,736 | — | |
| 1810 | 10,569 | 36.6% | |
| 1820 | 8,355 | −20.9% | |
| 1830 | 9,004 | 7.8% | |
| 1840 | 8,522 | −5.4% | |
| 1850 | 9,768 | 14.6% | |
| 1860 | 10,605 | 8.6% | |
| 1870 | 11,181 | 5.4% | |
| 1880 | 16,297 | 45.8% | |
| 1890 | 19,176 | 17.7% | |
| 1900 | 24,039 | 25.4% | |
| 1910 | 30,169 | 25.5% | |
| 1920 | 24,654 | −18.3% | |
| 1930 | 21,609 | −12.4% | |
| 1940 | 20,089 | −7.0% | |
| 1950 | 18,997 | −5.4% | |
| 1960 | 18,499 | −2.6% | |
| 1970 | 21,093 | 14.0% | |
| 1980 | 25,343 | 20.1% | |
| 1990 | 30,005 | 18.4% | |
| 2000 | 41,589 | 38.6% | |
| 2010 | 60,485 | 45.4% | |
| 2020 | 75,907 | 25.5% | |
| U.S. Decennial Census[11] 1790-1960[12] 1900-1990[13] 1990-2000[14] 2010-2013[15] | |||
2000 census edit
As of the census[17] of 2000, there were 41,589 people, 15,057 households, and 11,488 families living in the county. The population density was 122 people per square mile (47 people/km2). There were 16,226 housing units at an average density of 47 units per square mile (18 units/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 89.00% White, 7.78% Black or African American, 0.18% Native American, 0.96% Asian, 1.07% from other races, and 1.01% from two or more races. 3.00% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 15,057 households, out of which 36.30% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.50% were married couples living together, 10.80% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.70% were non-families. 19.70% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.30% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.71 and the average family size was 3.10.
In the county, the population was spread out, with 26.60% under the age of 18, 8.70% from 18 to 24, 31.80% from 25 to 44, 22.50% from 45 to 64, and 10.40% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 women there were 100.40 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.80 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $40,349, and the median income for a family was $46,211. Males had a median income of $34,063 versus $22,774 for females. The per capita income for the county was $17,808. About 9.90% of families and 12.00% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.30% of those under age 18 and 17.90% of those age 65 or over.
2010 census edit
As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 60,485 people, 21,343 households, and 16,479 families living in the county.[18] The population density was 178.1 inhabitants per square mile (68.8/km2). There were 23,752 housing units at an average density of 69.9 units per square mile (27.0 units/km2).[19] The racial makeup of the county was 86.8% white, 6.8% black or African American, 1.7% Asian, 0.2% American Indian, 2.7% from other races, and 1.8% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 6.2% of the population.[18] In terms of ancestry,[20]
Of the 21,343 households, 40.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.9% were married couples living together, 11.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 22.8% were non-families, and 18.7% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.80 and the average family size was 3.18. The median age was 37.1 years.[18]
The median income for a household in the county was $51,506 and the median income for a family was $58,239. Males had a median income of $43,906 versus $33,248 for females. The per capita income for the county was $22,473. About 11.7% of families and 15.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.7% of those under age 18 and 12.1% of those age 65 or over.[21]
2020 census edit
| Race | Num. | Perc. |
|---|---|---|
| White (non-Hispanic) | 59,064 | 77.81% |
| Black or African American (non-Hispanic) | 5,136 | 6.77% |
| Native American | 127 | 0.17% |
| Asian | 1,744 | 2.3% |
| Pacific Islander | 30 | 0.04% |
| Other/Mixed | 3,094 | 4.08% |
| Hispanic or Latino | 6,712 | 8.84% |
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 75,907 people, 25,180 households, and 19,467 families residing in the county.
Education edit
Most of the county is in the Jackson County School District. Portions in Commerce and Jefferson are in, respectively, Commerce City School District and Jefferson City School District.[23]
Attractions edit
- Chateau Elan (Braselton)
- La Vaquita Flea Market (Pendergrass)
- Mayfield Dairy Visitors Center (Braselton)
- Sandy Creek Golf Course (Commerce)
- Tanger Outlet Center (Commerce)
National Historic Places edit
- Braselton Historic District
- Commerce Commercial Historic District
- Governor L. G. Hardman House (Commerce)
- Hillcrest-Allen Clinic and Hospital (Hoschton)
- Holder Plantation (Jefferson)
- Hoschton Depot
- Old Jackson County Courthouse (Jefferson)
- Jefferson Historic District
- Oak Avenue Historic District(Jefferson)
- Paradise Cemetery (Jefferson)
- Seaborn M. Shankle House (Commerce)
- Shields-Etheridge Farm
- Talmo Historic District
- Williamson-Maley-Turner Farm (Jefferson)
Parks and cultural institutions edit
- Crawford W. Long Museum (Jefferson)
- Hurricane Shoals Park
Events edit
- Daisy Festival - May (first full weekend) (Nicholson)
- Mule Days - May (Shields-Etheridge Farm)
- Annual City Lights Festival - mid-June (Commerce)
- Celebrate Braselton - July 4 (Braselton)
- Art in the Park - mid-September (Hurricane Shoals)
- Annual Fall Festival - September (last weekend) (Hoschton)
- Jefferson High School and Jefferson Middle School Band Concerts - throughout the year (Jefferson)
- Jackson County Comprehensive High School, East Jackson Comprehensive High School, East Jackson Middle School, West Jackson Middle School, and Legacy Knoll Middle School Band Concerts - throughout the year
Communities edit
Cities edit
Unincorporated communities edit
See also edit
References edit
- ^ "Census - Geography Profile: Jackson County, Georgia". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved December 27, 2022.
- ^ . National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on May 31, 2011. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
- ^ Nash, Gustavus James Nash (1914). The Early History of Jackson County, Georgia. Atlanta: W. E. White. p. 51. Retrieved May 21, 2016.
- ^ Gannett, Henry (1905). The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States. Govt. Print. Off. p. 167.
- ^ Green, James A. "Map of the County of Jackson by James A. Green". County Maps, Surveyor General, RG 3-9-66. Georgia Archives. Retrieved May 21, 2016.
- ^ "Board of Commissioners".
- ^ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved March 20, 2018.
- ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
- ^ "Georgia Soil and Water Conservation Commission Interactive Mapping Experience". Georgia Soil and Water Conservation Commission. Retrieved November 18, 2015.
- ^ . Archived from the original on April 19, 2018. Retrieved April 18, 2018.
- ^ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved June 23, 2014.
- ^ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved June 23, 2014.
- ^ "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved June 23, 2014.
- ^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. (PDF) from the original on March 27, 2010. Retrieved June 23, 2014.
- ^ . United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on July 3, 2011. Retrieved June 23, 2014.
- ^ "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved May 5, 2021.
- ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved May 14, 2011.
- ^ a b c "DP-1 Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved December 30, 2015.
- ^ "Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved December 30, 2015.
- ^ "DP02 SELECTED SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE UNITED STATES – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved December 30, 2015.
- ^ "DP03 SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved December 30, 2015.
- ^ "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov. Retrieved December 17, 2021.
- ^ "2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Jackson County, GA" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved May 7, 2023. - Text list
External links edit
- Jackson County government website
- Jackson County historical marker
- Atlanta Dragway
- Chateau Elan
- Sandy Creek Golf Course
- Crawford W. Long Museum
- Hurricane Shoals Park